CN115995633A - Energy storage assembly and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Energy storage assembly and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN115995633A CN115995633A CN202310282979.5A CN202310282979A CN115995633A CN 115995633 A CN115995633 A CN 115995633A CN 202310282979 A CN202310282979 A CN 202310282979A CN 115995633 A CN115995633 A CN 115995633A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an energy storage component and an electric vehicle, wherein an energy storage unit is soaked in an insulating heat exchange working medium, and heat in the insulating heat exchange working medium is further conducted to the outer side of the energy storage component by utilizing a circulating system. Therefore, on one hand, the energy storage unit immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium can conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange working medium better, and the heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the insulating heat exchange working medium is improved. The heat exchange pipeline is omitted from being arranged in the energy storage component, so that the internal structure of the energy storage component is simpler, and the resistance of the heat exchange pipeline to the flowing of the insulating heat exchange working medium is reduced. On the other hand, the heat exchange medium is configured to conduct heat while being insulating. And the insulation heat exchange working medium is prevented from being shorted with the energy storage unit. In still another aspect, the shape and size of the energy storage component can be adjusted according to different use scenes and different setting positions, so that the adaptability of the energy storage component is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage assembly and an electric vehicle.
Background
If the heat generated in the use of the power battery is not discharged in time, the conditions such as fire or out of control of the vehicle can be caused. At present, the power battery mainly utilizes a cold plate made of heat conducting materials to conduct heat. And then the heat is carried out of the power cell by a cooling medium (e.g., water or coolant, etc.). This process increases the thermal conduction path within the energy storage assembly, also making the internal structure of the energy storage assembly more complex. How to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the energy storage component and simplify the internal structure of the energy storage component becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage assembly and an electric vehicle, which utilize an insulating heat exchange working medium to conduct heat to an energy storage unit immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium, and further utilize a circulation system to conduct heat in the insulating heat exchange working medium to the outside of the energy storage assembly. The heat exchange efficiency of the energy storage component is improved, and the internal structure of the energy storage component is simplified.
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage assembly comprising:
an energy storage unit;
insulating heat exchange working medium;
the shell part is provided with a working cavity, and the energy storage unit is arranged in the working cavity and immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium; and
the circulating system is configured to pump the insulating heat exchange working medium out of the working cavity, cool the insulating heat exchange working medium and then return the insulating heat exchange working medium into the working cavity, and/or condense the vaporized insulating heat exchange working medium and return the condensed insulating heat exchange working medium into the working cavity.
Further, the energy storage assembly further comprises:
a first temperature sensor, a first inlet and a first outlet in communication with the working chamber;
the circulating system comprises a controller, a first heat exchanger and a first pump body, wherein the first heat exchanger is provided with a second inlet and a second outlet, the first inlet, the first outlet and the first temperature sensor are immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium at the same time, the second outlet is communicated with the first inlet through the first pump body, and the second inlet is communicated with the first outlet;
the controller is in communication connection with the first temperature sensor and the first pump body, and the controller is configured to adjust the rotation speed of the first pump body according to the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor.
Further, the energy storage assembly further comprises:
and the heating part is in communication connection with the controller and comprises a heating piece immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium, and the controller is further configured to start the heating part to heat the insulating heat exchange working medium in response to the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor being smaller than or equal to a first threshold value.
Further, the heating element is a heating plate;
the energy storage unit is a plurality of cylindrical batteries, the plurality of cylindrical batteries are arranged on the same side of the heating plate, and the other side of the heating plate is fixedly connected with the working cavity.
Further, the energy storage unit is a plurality of cylindrical batteries, and the axial directions of the plurality of cylindrical batteries are parallel to each other and distributed in a rectangular array;
and a heat exchange gap is formed between the adjacent cylindrical batteries, and the insulating heat exchange working medium is immersed in the heat exchange gap.
Further, the energy storage assembly further comprises:
the controller, the second temperature sensor and the third inlet and the third outlet which are communicated with the working cavity, and the second temperature sensor is arranged in the working cavity;
the insulation heat exchange working medium is phase change heat exchange liquid, part of the working cavity is filled with the phase change heat exchange liquid, and the third inlet, the third outlet and the second temperature sensor are positioned on one side of the working cavity, which is not filled with the phase change heat exchange liquid;
the circulation system includes:
a second heat exchanger and a second pump body, the second heat exchanger having a fourth inlet and a fourth outlet, the fourth outlet being in communication with the third inlet through the second pump body, the fourth inlet being in communication with the third outlet;
the controller is in communication connection with the second temperature sensor and the second pump body and is configured to adjust a rotational speed of the second pump body according to a temperature signal of the second temperature sensor.
Further, the controller is further configured to adjust the rotational speed of the second pump body in response to the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor being greater than or equal to the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid, wherein the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid is greater than a highest preset temperature of the energy storage unit.
Further, the case portion includes a bottom case and a side case surrounding the bottom case;
the circulating system comprises a condensing plate which is arranged on the side shell and covers the working cavity;
the energy storage unit is arranged on the bottom shell, the insulating heat exchange working medium is phase change heat exchange liquid, the liquid level of the phase change heat exchange liquid is a preset distance from the condensing plate, and the liquefaction temperature of the phase change heat exchange liquid is less than or equal to the working temperature of the condensing plate.
Further, the end face of the side shell is provided with a sealing groove;
the shell part further comprises a sealing ring, wherein the sealing ring is arranged on the sealing groove, and the top of the sealing ring is exposed to the outer side of the sealing groove;
the condensation plate is propped against the top of the sealing ring to cover the working cavity.
Further, the energy storage assembly further comprises:
the flow sensor is in communication connection with the controller, and the first outlet is communicated with the second inlet through the flow sensor;
the controller is configured to reduce the rotational speed of the first pump body or stop the first pump body in response to a decrease in the flow of the insulating heat exchange medium detected by the flow sensor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle including:
the energy storage assembly according to the first aspect described above.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an energy storage component and an electric vehicle, wherein an energy storage unit is soaked in an insulating heat exchange working medium, and heat in the insulating heat exchange working medium is further conducted to the outer side of the energy storage component by utilizing a circulating system. Therefore, on one hand, the energy storage unit immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium can conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange working medium better, and the heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the insulating heat exchange working medium is improved. The heat exchange pipeline is omitted from being arranged in the energy storage component, so that the internal structure of the energy storage component is simpler, and the resistance of the heat exchange pipeline to the flowing of the insulating heat exchange working medium is reduced. On the other hand, the heat exchange medium is configured to conduct heat while being insulating. And the insulation heat exchange working medium is prevented from being shorted with the energy storage unit. In still another aspect, the shape and size of the energy storage component can be adjusted according to different use scenes and different setting positions, so that the adaptability of the energy storage component is further improved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of an energy storage assembly of an embodiment of the present invention in some implementations;
FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of an energy storage assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention in other implementations;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a piping connection of an energy storage assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an energy storage assembly of an embodiment of the present invention in some implementations;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy storage assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a shell portion;
11-a first inlet; 12-a first outlet; 13-working chamber; 131-condensing plate; 132-bottom case; 133-side shells; 14-a third inlet; 15-a third outlet; 16-sealing the groove; 17-a sealing ring;
2-a circulation system;
21-a first heat exchanger; 211-a second inlet; 212-a second outlet;
22-a first pump body; 23-a second heat exchanger; 231-fourth inlet; 232-fourth outlet; 24-a second pump body;
3-an energy storage unit; 31-heat exchange gap;
4-insulating heat exchange working medium;
a 5-sensor assembly;
51-a first temperature sensor; 52-a second temperature sensor; 53-flow sensor;
6-a controller;
7-a heating part; 71-heating element; 72-conducting wires;
81-plugs; 82-a liquid adding port; 83-pipe fitting; 84-fans; 85-radiating fins.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in detail. The present invention will be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the details described herein. Well-known methods, procedures, flows, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the nature of the invention.
Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided herein for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the words "comprise," "comprising," and the like throughout the application are to be construed as including but not being exclusive or exhaustive; that is, it is the meaning of "including but not limited to".
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like should be construed broadly, as they may be fixed, removable, or integral, for example; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an energy storage assembly. The energy storage assembly is shown as a generally cubic structure, with the first inlet 11, the first outlet 12, the third inlet 14, the third outlet 15, the connection ports of the heating element 71 and the connection ports of the sensor assembly 5 being located on the same side of the housing portion 1.
Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic exploded views of the energy storage assembly of the present embodiment in various embodiments. In both figures the energy storage unit 3 is fixed in the bottom position of the working chamber 13. The working chamber 13 is not filled with the insulating heat exchange medium 4 in fig. 2, and a dotted line i is the liquid level position of the insulating heat exchange medium 4. The energy storage assembly in fig. 3 communicates with the first heat exchanger 21 via a pipe 83.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the plumbing of the energy storage assembly. The energy storage assembly in the figure communicates with both the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 23.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy storage assembly of the present embodiment. The top of the energy storage assembly is provided with a radiating fin 85 in the figure, and the radiating fin 85 is radiated by a fan 84.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-5, the energy storage assembly includes an energy storage unit 3, an insulating heat exchange medium 4, a shell portion 1, and a circulation system 2. The shell part 1 is provided with a working cavity 13, and the energy storage unit 3 is arranged in the working cavity 13 and immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4. The circulation system 2 is configured to withdraw the insulating heat exchange medium 4 from the working chamber 13 and to cool it back into the working chamber 13 (as shown in fig. 3). And/or condensing the vaporized insulating heat exchange medium 4, and conveying the condensed insulating heat exchange medium 4 back into the working chamber 13 (as shown in fig. 2 or fig. 5).
Optionally, in this embodiment, the insulating heat exchange medium 4 is in a liquid state and is filled in the working cavity 13 of the shell 1, and the insulating heat exchange medium 4 may be configured to fill the whole working cavity 13 or may be configured to fill part of the working cavity 13. But the energy storage unit 3 should be soaked therein and the liquid level of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 is spaced from the top of the energy storage unit 3 by a certain distance. So as to ensure that the energy storage unit 3 can fully conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange working medium 4. Meanwhile, when the energy storage component shakes in the use process, the energy storage unit 3 can still be positioned in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 as much as possible.
Preferably, the insulating heat exchange medium 4 includes, but is not limited to, fluorinated liquid, mineral oil, thermally conductive silicone oil, or the like.
In the energy storage component of the embodiment, the energy storage unit 3 is soaked in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4, and the heat in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is further conducted to the outer side of the energy storage component by using the circulating system 2. Therefore, on one hand, the energy storage unit 3 immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 can conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 better, and heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the insulating heat exchange working medium is improved. The heat exchange pipeline is omitted from being arranged in the energy storage component, so that the internal structure of the energy storage component is simpler, and the resistance of the heat exchange pipeline to the flowing of the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is reduced. On the other hand, the heat exchange medium is configured to conduct heat while being insulating. The insulation heat exchange working medium 4 is ensured not to be in short circuit with the energy storage unit 3. In still another aspect, the shape and size of the energy storage component can be adjusted according to different use scenes and different setting positions, so that the adaptability of the energy storage component is further improved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating member 71. The heating portion 7 in the drawing includes a heating element 71 and a wire 72. The heating element 71 has a plate-like structure and is internally provided with a wire slot, and the middle region of the wire 72 is arranged in the wire slot. Both ends of the wire 72 are located outside the wire slot for supplying power to the heating portion 7.
Fig. 7 is a circuit schematic of the energy storage assembly. In the figure, a first temperature sensor 51, a second temperature sensor 52, a first pump body 22, a second pump body 24, a heating part 7 and a flow sensor 53 are all in communication connection with the controller 6.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2-3 and 7, the energy storage assembly further comprises a first temperature sensor 51 and a first inlet 11 and a first outlet 12 in communication with the working chamber 13. Still further referring to fig. 4, the circulation system 2 includes a controller 6, a first heat exchanger 21, and a first pump body 22. The first heat exchanger 21 has a second inlet 211 and a second outlet 212, the first inlet 11, the first outlet 12 and the first temperature sensor 51 are immersed in the insulating heat exchange medium 4 at the same time, the second outlet 212 communicates with the first inlet 11 through the first pump body 22, and the second inlet 211 communicates with the first outlet 12. The controller 6 is in communication with the first temperature sensor 51 and the first pump body 22, the controller 6 being configured to adjust the rotational speed of the first pump body 22 in accordance with the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor 51.
In this embodiment, the first temperature sensor 51 is disposed in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4, when the temperature of the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is higher, the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is extracted from the shell 1 to the first heat exchanger 21 for heat dissipation through the circulation system 2, and then the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 after heat dissipation is conveyed back into the shell 1. Thereby achieving the effect of conducting heat of the energy storage unit 3 to the outside. Meanwhile, the first temperature sensor 51 indirectly detects the temperature of the energy storage units 3 through the insulating heat exchange working medium 4, so that the first temperature sensor 51 can monitor the temperature more accurately, and overlarge temperature differences at different positions of the plurality of energy storage units 3 are reduced or even avoided, and the situation of inaccurate temperature monitoring is caused.
The first heat exchanger 21 may be a double pipe heat exchanger. The insulating heat exchange medium 4 of the embodiment can flow through the inner pipe of the double pipe heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium of the double pipe heat exchanger can conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange medium 4 through an annular gap surrounding the outer side of the inner pipe. The first heat exchanger 21 may also be an evaporator. The insulating heat exchange working medium 4 conducts heat to the refrigerant in the evaporator, so that heat dissipation of the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is realized. One skilled in the art may choose depending on the heat dissipation efficiency and space usage of the energy storage assembly.
In fig. 2 a specific form of connection of the shell part 1 to the first heat exchanger 21 is shown. The first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12 are identical in height in the drawing and are arranged near the bottom of the shell portion 1. Thereby, the insulating heat exchange medium 4 can be easily extracted from the shell portion 1. Meanwhile, a certain interval is arranged between the first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12, so that the insulating heat exchange medium 4 flows in the working cavity 13 (as indicated by three arrows in fig. 2), and the insulating heat exchange medium 4 flowing through the energy storage unit 3 and having a higher temperature is led out from the first outlet 12.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the energy storage assembly further includes a heating portion 7, the heating portion 7 being communicatively coupled to the controller 6 and including a heating element 71 immersed in the insulating heat exchange medium 4. The controller 6 is further configured to activate the heating portion 7 to heat the insulating heat exchanging medium 4 in response to the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor 51 being less than or equal to the first threshold value.
In this embodiment, the heating element 71 and the energy storage unit 3 are immersed in the insulating heat exchange medium 4 together, so that the heating element 71 can heat the energy storage unit 3 through the insulating heat exchange medium 4. Therefore, on one hand, the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 can simultaneously realize the heating and heat dissipation effects on the energy storage unit 3, and the energy storage unit 3 can work in a better temperature range. The service life of the energy storage unit 3 is prolonged, and the starting time of the energy storage unit 3 can be reduced. On the other hand, the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 soaking the energy storage units 3 can synchronously heat up the plurality of energy storage units 3 in all directions, so that the consistency of the temperature of the energy storage units 3 is improved, and meanwhile, the heating efficiency is further improved.
It is easy to understand that the types of power batteries in electric vehicles are different, and the operating temperature ranges thereof are also correspondingly different. Taking lithium battery as an example, the working temperature range is between-20 ℃ and 60 ℃. In order to ensure that the lithium battery has better working performance, the first threshold of the embodiment can be set to be-5 ℃. That is, when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to-5 degrees celsius, the controller 6 activates the heating element 71 to heat the insulating heat exchange medium 4. At the same time, the energy storage unit 3 generates heat itself in use, so that when the temperature of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 reaches 15 ℃, the continuous heating of the heating element 71 can be stopped. Thereby, it is ensured that the energy storage unit 3 can operate in a more suitable temperature interval.
Further, the heating member 71 is a heating plate. The energy storage unit 3 is a plurality of cylindrical batteries, and a plurality of cylindrical batteries are installed on the same side of the heating plate through the end face, and the other side of the heating plate is fixedly connected to the working cavity 13. The heating plate of the embodiment can provide an installation space for the cylindrical battery. And can also directly heat the cylindrical battery through the hookup location of hot plate and cylindrical battery, improved heating efficiency.
Specifically, the heating portion 7 is a PTC heater. The heat transfer structure of the PTC heater is a plate-like member, and a wire groove is formed in the plate-like member for routing the wire 72. After a voltage is applied to the thermistor through the lead 72, the thermistor heats up and then conducts heat to the heat transfer structure so as to heat the insulating heat exchange medium 4.
One particular arrangement of the wire 72 is shown in fig. 6, where the wire 72 includes a plurality of S-shaped coiled segments and straight segments connected in sequence. In contrast, the wire grooves on the heat transfer structure are adapted to the shape of the arrangement of the wires 72. This form may facilitate uniform routing of the wires 72 across the heat transfer structure.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the energy storage unit 3 is a plurality of cylindrical batteries, and the axial directions of the plurality of cylindrical batteries are parallel to each other and distributed in a rectangular array. A heat exchange gap 31 is formed between adjacent cylindrical batteries, and the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is immersed in the heat exchange gap 31.
It is easy to understand that the cylindrical battery has advantages of high capacity, high output voltage, long cycle life, and the like. But occupies a larger space than the pouch cell. There is unused space between adjacent cylindrical cells. The heat exchange gap 31 is formed by utilizing unused spaces between the cylindrical batteries, so that the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 can be immersed in the heat exchange gap, thereby improving the heat exchange area between the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 and the plurality of energy storage units 3 and further improving the heat exchange efficiency.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 7, the energy storage assembly further comprises a controller 6, a second temperature sensor 52, and a third inlet 14 and a third outlet 15 in communication with the working chamber 13. The second temperature sensor 52 is mounted in the working chamber 13. The insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is configured into phase change heat exchange liquid, the phase change heat exchange liquid fills part of the working cavity 13, and the third inlet 14, the third outlet 15 and the second temperature sensor 52 are positioned on one side of the working cavity 13, which is not filled with the phase change heat exchange liquid. The circulation system 2 comprises a second heat exchanger 23 and a second pump body 24, the second heat exchanger 23 having a fourth inlet 231 and a fourth outlet 232, the fourth outlet 232 being in communication with the third inlet 14 through the second pump body 24, the fourth inlet 231 being in communication with the third outlet 15. The controller 6 is communicatively coupled to the second temperature sensor 52 and the second pump body 24 and is configured to adjust the rotational speed of the second pump body 24 based on the temperature signal from the second temperature sensor 52.
The phase change heat exchange liquid in the embodiment will undergo a phase change when the temperature of the energy storage unit 3 is high, i.e. change from a liquid state to a gaseous state. In the vaporization process, the phase-change heat exchange liquid can absorb heat of the energy storage unit 3, so that the effect of cooling the energy storage unit 3 is achieved. The vaporized phase change heat exchange fluid will be located at the location indicated by region ii in fig. 2. Meanwhile, the second temperature sensor 52, the third inlet 14 and the third outlet 15 of the present embodiment are also located at the positions shown in the area ii. The vaporized phase change heat exchange fluid will raise the temperature of the second temperature sensor 52. When the temperature reaches the second threshold value, the controller 6 starts the second pump body 24 to pump the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid at the top of the working cavity 13 out of the shell 1, and releases heat after the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid is conveyed to the second heat exchanger 23, so that the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid is condensed into liquid phase-change heat exchange liquid. Finally, the phase-change heat exchange liquid is conveyed back into the working cavity 13 through the third inlet 14 or the first inlet 11.
Further, the controller 6 is further configured to adjust the rotational speed of the second pump body 24 in response to the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 52 being greater than or equal to the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid. Wherein the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid is greater than the highest preset temperature of the energy storage unit 3.
When the second temperature sensor 52 of the embodiment detects that the temperature of the vaporized phase-change heat exchange fluid continuously increases, the controller 6 controls the second pump body 24 to increase the rotation speed, so as to increase the pumping speed of the vaporized insulating heat exchange working medium 4 from the working cavity 13, and increase the cooling speed of the energy storage unit 3.
Optionally, the insulating heat exchange medium 4 of the present embodiment is configured as an electronic fluorinated liquid. The electronic fluoridation liquid is a liquid which is not burnt, low in viscosity, high in phase transition enthalpy and high in heat conductivity coefficient. The vaporization temperature range of the electronic fluoridation liquid is set within a predetermined range. The transfer of heat generated by the energy storage unit 3 is achieved by a phase change of the electronic fluorinated liquid. Meanwhile, the phase change heat exchange liquid is prevented from being in electrical contact with the energy storage unit 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first heat exchanger 21, the second heat exchanger 23, the first pump body 22, the second pump body 24, the first temperature sensor 51, the second temperature sensor 52, and the controller 6 in the above-described embodiment are simultaneously arranged on the energy storage unit 3. The controller 6 is configured to activate the first pump body 22 to pump the phase-change heat-exchange liquid from the working chamber 13 to the first heat exchanger 21 for cooling in response to the detection by the first temperature sensor 51 that the temperature of the phase-change heat-exchange liquid reaches the third threshold value. Meanwhile, in response to the detection of the second temperature sensor 52 that the temperature of the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid reaches the second threshold value or the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor 51 is abnormal, the second pump body 24 is started to pump the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid out of the working cavity 13 to the second heat exchanger 23 for cooling. The second threshold is the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid, and the second threshold is larger than the third threshold.
Thus, in this embodiment, two sets of cooling systems are simultaneously provided on the energy storage assembly to cool the energy storage unit 3. When a first set of cooling systems fails (e.g., the first heat exchanger 21, the first pump body 22, or the first temperature sensor 51 fails), the energy storage assembly may be cooled by a second set of cooling systems. Meanwhile, in order to avoid that both sets of cooling systems are started simultaneously, the energy loss of the energy storage unit 3 is increased, and the second threshold value of the second set of cooling systems is set to be larger than the third threshold value of the first set of cooling systems. The temperature of the second threshold value is the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid.
Specifically, taking a lithium battery as an example, the third threshold of the present embodiment may be set to 50 degrees celsius, and the second threshold may be set to 60 degrees celsius. Therefore, when the first set of cooling system is started, the lithium ion battery can be at a better working temperature. And when the second set of cooling system is started, the lithium ion battery can still be in a preset working range, so that the physical properties of the lithium ion battery are not damaged.
Optionally, substances such as propylene glycol, ethylene glycol or oils may be added to the electronic fluorination liquid to alter its phase transition temperature. The person skilled in the art can vary the ratio of the above-mentioned substances to the electronic fluorinated liquid according to the actual operating temperature of the energy storage unit 3, so as to adapt to the operating temperatures of the different energy storage units 3.
Preferably, the contact area between each energy storage unit 3 and the phase change heat exchange liquid is coated with an insulating layer, so that short circuit between other substances added into the electronic fluoridation liquid and the energy storage unit 3 is reduced or even avoided.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the case portion 1 includes a bottom case 132 and a side case 133 surrounding the bottom case. The circulation system 2 comprises a condensation plate 131, the condensation plate 131 being mounted to the side shell and closing the working chamber 13. The energy storage unit 3 is installed in the drain pan 132, and insulating heat transfer working medium 4 is the phase change heat transfer liquid, and the liquid level of phase change heat transfer liquid has predetermined distance with the condensation plate 131, and the liquefaction temperature of phase change heat transfer liquid is less than or equal to the operating temperature of condensation plate 131. In this embodiment, the working chamber 13 is provided as a closed area by the condensation plate 131, the side case 133 and the bottom case 132. Thereby avoiding the overflow of the phase-change heat exchange liquid from the working chamber 13.
Specifically, the vaporization temperature of the phase-change heat exchange liquid of the present embodiment may be set to the second threshold (for example, 60 degrees celsius). When the phase change heat exchange liquid reaches the second threshold, the gaseous phase change heat exchange liquid moves upward (as indicated by the open arrow in fig. 5). After reaching the condensation plate 131, it will again condense into droplets (as indicated by area iii in fig. 5). When the volume of the liquid drop increases to a certain extent in the process, the liquid drop falls into the phase-change heat exchange liquid again under the action of gravity (shown by solid arrows in fig. 5). Thereby, a third set of cooling system is formed by the phase change heat exchange liquid, the condensation plate 131 and the area between the level of the phase change heat exchange liquid and the condensation plate 131, thereby providing cooling for the energy storage unit 3.
Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 85 are convexly arranged on one side of the condensation plate 131 away from the working cavity 13, and fans 84 are correspondingly arranged on the tops of the heat dissipation fins 85 so as to cool the condensation plate 131. The condensing efficiency of the condensing plate 131 on the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid is improved. The liquefaction temperature of the phase change heat exchange liquid can be 30 ℃. The temperature of the condensing plate 131 is kept at 20 ℃ by the radiating fins 85 and the fan 84, and when the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid encounters the condensing plate 131 with lower temperature, the vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid can be quickly liquefied.
Further, the condensation plate 131, the first heat exchanger 21, the second heat exchanger 23, the first pump body 22, the second pump body 24, the first temperature sensor 51, the second temperature sensor 52, and the controller 6 in the above-described embodiment are simultaneously arranged on the energy storage unit 3. Thus, the energy storage assembly of the present embodiment includes a first set of cooling systems, a second set of cooling systems, and a third set of cooling systems. Meanwhile, the condensing plate 131 or the heat radiating fin 85 in the present embodiment is provided to protrude outside the use apparatus. Such as the tail or top of an electric car. Therefore, when the first set of cooling system and the second set of cooling system fail at the same time, the energy storage component can be cooled through the third set of cooling system, and when the electric automobile is running, the air flow can take away the heat on the condensing plate 131 through the heat dissipation fins 85, so that the running stability of the energy storage component is greatly improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the end face of the side case 133 is provided with a seal groove 16. The shell portion 1 further includes a seal ring 17, the seal ring 17 is disposed in the seal groove 16 and a top portion of the seal ring 17 is exposed to an outside of the seal groove 16. The condensation plate 131 is pressed against the top of the sealing ring 17 to cover the working chamber 13. During the process of fastening the condensation plate 131 to the side case 133, the condensation plate 131 may press the sealing ring 17 to deform. Thereby, the working chamber 13 is sealed by elastic deformation of the seal ring 17. The vaporized phase change heat exchange liquid is prevented from leaking to the outer side of the energy storage component.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3-4, the energy storage assembly further includes a flow sensor 53. The flow sensor 53 is communicatively coupled to the controller 6 and the first outlet 12 is in communication with the second inlet 211 via the flow sensor 53. The controller 6 is configured to reduce the rotation speed of the first pump body 22 or stop the first pump body 22 in response to the decrease in the flow rate of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 detected by the flow rate sensor 53.
In this embodiment, the flow sensor 53 detects the flow of the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 in the first outlet 12, so as to avoid the situation that the first pump body 22 extracts too much insulating heat exchange working medium 4 in the working cavity 13. The capacity of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 in the working chamber 13 is ensured to be within a certain range, so that the energy storage unit 3 can be wholly or at least partially positioned in the insulating heat exchange medium 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the number of the flow sensors 53 is two and is disposed between the first inlet 11 and the second outlet 212 and the first outlet 12 and the second inlet 211, respectively. Thus, the flow sensor 53 can monitor the capacity of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 in both the first heat exchanger 21 and the second heat exchanger 23, avoiding the situation where most or all of the insulating heat exchange medium 4 is located in the first heat exchanger 21 or in the working chamber 13.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, a flow sensor 53 is provided between the third outlet 15 and the fourth inlet 231. Thereby monitoring the amount of extraction of vaporized phase change heat exchange fluid by the second pump body 24. When the flow rate of the flow sensor 53 increases, the rotation of the second pump body 24 can be correspondingly increased, so as to pump more vaporized phase-change heat exchange liquid out of the working cavity 13. When the flow rate detected by the flow sensor 53 decreases, it can be determined that the phase change heat exchange liquid vaporized in the region ii is small, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the second pump body 24 to decrease or stopping the rotation of the second pump body 24. Thereby, the second pump body 24 is prevented from pumping the pressure in the area II to negative pressure, so that the vaporization temperature of the phase change heat exchange liquid is prevented from changing.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, a liquid feeding port 82 is formed on the condensation plate 131, so as to facilitate the addition of the phase change heat exchange liquid into the working chamber 13. After the phase-change heat exchange liquid is added, the plug 81 is used for plugging the liquid adding port 82 so as to prevent the phase-change heat exchange liquid from flowing out of the working cavity 13.
In an alternative implementation, the energy storage assembly of the above embodiment may be applied to an electric vehicle. The energy storage component can be a power battery module.
In the electric vehicle of the embodiment, the energy storage unit 3 is soaked in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4, and the heat in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is further conducted to the outer side of the energy storage component by using the circulating system 2. Therefore, on one hand, the energy storage unit 3 immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 can conduct heat with the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 better, and heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the insulating heat exchange working medium is improved. The heat exchange pipeline is omitted from being arranged in the energy storage component, so that the internal structure of the energy storage component is simpler, and the resistance of the heat exchange pipeline to the flowing of the insulating heat exchange working medium 4 is reduced. On the other hand, the heat exchange medium is configured to conduct heat while being insulating. The insulation heat exchange working medium 4 is ensured not to be in short circuit with the energy storage unit 3. In still another aspect, the shape and size of the energy storage component can be adjusted according to different use scenes and different setting positions, so that the adaptability of the energy storage component is further improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. An energy storage assembly, the energy storage assembly comprising:
an energy storage unit (3);
an insulating heat exchange working medium (4);
the shell (1) is provided with a working cavity (13), and the energy storage unit (3) is arranged in the working cavity (13) and immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium (4); and
and the circulating system (2) is configured to pump the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) out of the working cavity (13), cool the insulating heat exchange working medium and then return the insulating heat exchange working medium into the working cavity (13), and/or condense the vaporized insulating heat exchange working medium (4) and return the condensed insulating heat exchange working medium (4) into the working cavity (13).
2. The energy storage assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
a first temperature sensor (51), a first inlet (11) and a first outlet (12) communicating with the working chamber (13);
the circulating system (2) comprises a controller (6), a first heat exchanger (21) and a first pump body (22), wherein the first heat exchanger (21) is provided with a second inlet (211) and a second outlet (212), the first inlet (11), the first outlet (12) and the first temperature sensor (51) are immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) at the same time, the second outlet (212) is communicated with the first inlet (11) through the first pump body (22), and the second inlet (211) is communicated with the first outlet (12);
the controller (6) is in communication connection with the first temperature sensor (51) and the first pump body (22), and the controller (6) is configured to adjust the rotational speed of the first pump body (22) according to the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor (51).
3. The energy storage assembly of claim 2, further comprising:
and the heating part (7) is in communication connection with the controller (6) and comprises a heating piece (71) immersed in the insulating heat exchange working medium (4), and the controller (6) is further configured to start the heating part (7) to heat the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) in response to the temperature signal of the first temperature sensor (51) being smaller than or equal to a first threshold value.
4. A power storage assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating element (71) is a heating plate;
the energy storage unit (3) is a plurality of cylindrical batteries, the plurality of cylindrical batteries are arranged on the same side of the heating plate, and the other side of the heating plate is fixedly connected with the working cavity (13).
5. The energy storage assembly according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit (3) is a plurality of cylindrical cells, the axial directions of which are mutually parallel and distributed in a rectangular array;
and a heat exchange gap (31) is formed between the adjacent cylindrical batteries, and the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) is immersed in the heat exchange gap (31).
6. The energy storage assembly of claim 1, further comprising:
a controller (6), a second temperature sensor (52), and a third inlet (14) and a third outlet (15) in communication with the working chamber (13), the second temperature sensor (52) being mounted within the working chamber (13);
the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) is phase change heat exchange liquid, part of the working cavity (13) is filled with the phase change heat exchange liquid, and the third inlet (14), the third outlet (15) and the second temperature sensor (52) are positioned on one side of the working cavity (13) which is not filled with the phase change heat exchange liquid;
the circulation system (2) comprises:
-a second heat exchanger (23) and a second pump body (24), the second heat exchanger (23) having a fourth inlet (231) and a fourth outlet (232), the fourth outlet (232) being in communication with the third inlet (14) through the second pump body (24), the fourth inlet (231) being in communication with the third outlet (15);
the controller (6) is in communication with the second temperature sensor (52) and the second pump body (24) and is configured to adjust the rotational speed of the second pump body (24) in accordance with the temperature signal of the second temperature sensor (52).
7. The energy storage assembly according to claim 6, wherein the controller (6) is further configured to adjust the rotational speed of the second pump body (24) in response to the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor (52) being greater than or equal to the vaporization temperature of the phase change heat exchange fluid, wherein the vaporization temperature of the phase change heat exchange fluid is greater than the highest preset temperature of the energy storage unit (3).
8. Energy storage assembly according to claim 1, wherein the shell part (1) comprises a bottom shell (132) and a side shell (133) surrounding the bottom shell;
the circulating system (2) comprises a condensing plate (131), and the condensing plate (131) is arranged on the side shell and covers the working cavity (13);
the energy storage unit (3) is arranged on the bottom shell (132), the insulating heat exchange working medium (4) is phase change heat exchange liquid, the liquid level of the phase change heat exchange liquid is a preset distance from the condensation plate (131), and the liquefaction temperature of the phase change heat exchange liquid is less than or equal to the working temperature of the condensation plate (131).
9. The energy storage assembly of claim 8, wherein the end face of the side shell (133) is provided with a sealing groove (16);
the shell part (1) further comprises a sealing ring (17), wherein the sealing ring (17) is arranged on the sealing groove (16), and the top of the sealing ring (17) is exposed to the outer side of the sealing groove (16);
the condensing plate (131) is pressed against the top of the sealing ring (17) to cover the working cavity (13).
10. The energy storage assembly of claim 2, further comprising:
a flow sensor (53) in communication with the controller (6), the first outlet (12) being in communication with the second inlet (211) through the flow sensor (53);
the controller (6) is configured to reduce the rotational speed of the first pump body (22) or stop the first pump body (22) in response to a decrease in the flow of the insulating heat exchange medium (4) detected by the flow sensor (53).
11. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises:
the energy storage assembly of any one of claims 1-10.
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| CN202310282979.5A CN115995633A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Energy storage assembly and electric vehicle |
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| CN202310282979.5A CN115995633A (en) | 2023-03-22 | 2023-03-22 | Energy storage assembly and electric vehicle |
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