CN115979850A - Pendulum bob-electromagnetic synergistic acceleration impact pressing in-situ testing device - Google Patents
Pendulum bob-electromagnetic synergistic acceleration impact pressing in-situ testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115979850A CN115979850A CN202310058387.5A CN202310058387A CN115979850A CN 115979850 A CN115979850 A CN 115979850A CN 202310058387 A CN202310058387 A CN 202310058387A CN 115979850 A CN115979850 A CN 115979850A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative accelerated impact pressing in-situ testing device, and belongs to the field of material micromechanics performance testing. The device mainly comprises a pendulum bob action unit, an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, an in-situ test unit and the like. The direct current motor drives the pendulum bob to lift to a specific high position and the pendulum bob is adsorbed by the electromagnet, so that the consistency of the initial speed and the impact energy in the impact process of the pendulum bob is realized; on the basis of obtaining the kinetic energy converted from the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob, the impact pressure head obtains higher speed and impact force through secondary acceleration of the electromagnetic coil, and the pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative short-range transient high-speed impact test is realized; an acoustic emission sensor is arranged behind the clamping table of the tested piece and used for monitoring transient elastic waves and crack dynamic expansion behaviors of the tested material in the impact process, and a load and displacement detection unit is used for collecting impact load and indentation displacement of the tested piece respectively. The electromagnetic ejection technology is applied to the impact pressing test, the structure is compact, the size is small, and the impact pressing speed is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material micromechanics performance testing, in particular to a pendulum bob type electromagnetic acceleration impact indentation in-situ testing device integrating electromagnetic acceleration and 'optical-infrared-acoustic emission' in-situ testing. The electromagnetic coil can carry out short-range high-speed impact on the material by secondary acceleration, the size of the device is reduced, and a new idea is provided for revealing the mechanical property and the damage mechanism of the material under high strain rate.
Background
In the industrial field, impact resistance of products under impact load is generally researched through impact tests, and guarantees are provided for safety and reliability of materials. In the field of impact, a pendulum impact device is a common device in an impact test, and the working principle of the pendulum impact device is as follows: the physical properties of the test piece were evaluated from the results of its destruction by letting a pendulum with a certain weight generate kinetic energy by the action of gravity at a certain height and hit the surface of the test piece when it fell freely to the lowest point. However, the conventional impact test usually needs to frequently replace the hammer head to realize different impact loads, which undoubtedly reduces the test efficiency, and the test operation is very inconvenient. Therefore, the adjustment of different speeds of the impact pressure head by using the electromagnetic ejection principle is very important.
The nano indentation testing technology is mainly used for measuring the hardness and the elastic modulus of a material in a micro-nano scale, controls the load to continuously change through a computer program, and measures the indentation depth in real time. However, most of the existing nanoindentation tests are staticThe test is suitable for measuring the mechanical properties of ultrathin layer materials such as films, coatings and the like, such as load-displacement curves, elastic modulus, hardness, fracture toughness, strain hardening effect, viscoelasticity or creep behavior and the like. However, a series of dynamic characteristics of the material under the action of impact load, such as structural phase change, crack dynamic expansion, impact damage failure mechanism and the like, cannot be explained due to the characteristics of static test. As for impact indentation test instruments, indentation tests are mostly realized by a single loading means, such as a piezoelectric drive-based micro impact indenter developed by Alemnis, switzerland, the maximum impact speed is 50mm/s, and the maximum impact strain is 10 5 And/s, the press-in test is carried out by the precision drive realized by the inverse piezoelectric effect, and a new thought is provided for solving the problems of zero contact point error, unloading curve fitting and the like of the material in the dynamic test. A pressure head of the impact indentation testing module based on an electromagnetic driving type developed by British micro materials company adopts an electromagnetic pendulum bob driving mode and carries out fatigue indentation testing and impact indentation testing through an alternating magnetic field. The product mainly focuses on the fatigue performance test of the material, and supplements the mechanical property of the material from another angle.
The existing analysis means only removes the reverse reasoning reason through the damage result of the test piece, and cannot know the specific process quantity, so that a testing device capable of monitoring the change process of each physical quantity of the test piece in a multi-dimensional mode during testing is urgently needed. The dynamic characteristics of the material under different strain rates are revealed by in-situ testing of various parameter indexes of the material in the impact process by coupling various physical fields of optical-infrared-acoustic emission.
The micro-nano impact indentation tester is a necessary instrument for obtaining impact dynamics performance parameters such as dynamic hardness, impact toughness and the like of materials, is an important tool for discovering new physical properties, new phenomena and new rules, and shows extreme, miniature and intelligent trends. However, the method is limited by the restriction of a single driving technology, the existing instrument cannot realize high-speed impact test, the dynamic mechanical response and micro-area damage of the material are difficult to obtain simultaneously, and the research on the impact damage failure mechanism of the key material is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pendulum bob type electromagnetic acceleration impact indentation in-situ testing device, which solves the problems in the prior art. The invention combines an impact test and electromagnetic ejection, utilizes an electromagnet to drive a pendulum bob to impact a punch, converts potential energy into kinetic energy of the punch, and then carries out secondary acceleration by virtue of an electromagnetic coil to carry out impact indentation test on a material. The invention can realize the operations of changing the punch type, adjusting the preset height, changing the coil size and the like. The device mainly realizes the adjustment of the impact speed of the punch by controlling the preset height of the pendulum and the current of the electromagnetic coil. Meanwhile, the device such as a high-speed camera, an infrared thermal imager, an acoustic emission probe and the like are integrated, an optical-infrared-acoustic emission multi-field coupling in-situ test method is constructed, and a method is provided for revealing the performance of the material.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative accelerated impact indentation in-situ testing device is characterized by mainly comprising a pendulum bob indentation action unit, an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, a test piece clamping unit, an in-situ testing unit and the like. Wherein. An impact pressure head 10 in the pendulum indentation action unit is arranged in an impact rail 13 sleeved in an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, the impact rail 13 is sleeved in a support table 12 with an annular structure in the electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, and an acoustic emission sensor 2 in the in-situ test unit is embedded behind a test piece clamping table 3 in the test piece clamping unit.
The pendulum impression action unit is composed of a marble shock insulation platform 5, a pendulum 6, an electromagnet 7, an electromagnet fixing frame 8, a shock insulation platform 9 and an impact pressure head 10. The pendulum angle range of the pendulum bob is 0-180 degrees, the initial falling height of the pendulum bob can be adjusted according to the impact energy and the impact speed, and the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted into impact kinetic energy to provide the initial impact speed for secondary electromagnetic ejection.
The electromagnetic coil accelerating unit is composed of an electromagnetic coil 11, a support base 12 and an impact rail 13. The electromagnetic coil 11 is sleeved on the impact track 13, and coils with different specifications can be modularly replaced according to the impact pressing speed requirement so as to achieve the adjustment of the impact speed.
The specimen holding unit is composed of a specimen holding table 3 and a test piece 14. The test piece clamping table 3 is designed to be a circular clamping surface, the cylindrical acoustic emission sensor 2 is embedded in a through hole of the test piece clamping table 3, a certain distance is kept between a vertical plane of the test piece clamping table 3 and the end surface of the impact rail 13, and therefore in-situ monitoring of interaction behaviors between the impact pressure head 10 and the tested piece 14 in the impact pressing-in process by the infrared thermal imager 1 and the high-speed camera 4 in the in-situ testing unit is facilitated.
The in-situ test unit consists of an infrared thermal imager 1, a high-speed camera 4 and a sound emission sensor 2. The infrared thermal imager 1 and the high-speed camera 4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the tested piece, and the tested piece 14 is stuck on the surface of the front end probe of the acoustic emission sensor 2.
The impact pressure head 10 is composed of a transmission pressure rod and a miniature pressure head, the miniature pressure head is rigidly connected with the transmission pressure rod through an external thread at the tail end of the miniature pressure head, and the miniature pressure head can be replaced by a sphere, a cone, a triangular pyramid, a rectangular pyramid and a cube corner in shape so as to meet the impact test requirements of a tested piece 14 with different impact toughness and dynamic hardness, and the impact press-in test under different strain rates can be realized by combining the thickness of the tested piece 14, the length of the impact pressure head 10 and the shape adjustment of the miniature pressure head. Meanwhile, the pendulum bob 6 and the impact pressure head 10 are both made of high-entropy alloy materials with excellent impact resistance and fatigue resistance, and the cross-sectional area ratio and the thickness/length ratio of the pendulum bob 6 and the impact pressure head 10 are both constant values, so that the same impact inertia ratio under different loads can be realized.
The geometric axis of the electromagnetic coil 11 is consistent with the motion direction of the impact pressure head 10, namely the impact speed direction, the electromagnet 7 is fixedly connected to the electromagnet fixing frame 8 through a bolt and drives the pendulum bob to accelerate for the first time; the electromagnetic coil 11 drives the impact ram 10 to perform a second acceleration through an electromagnetic catapult acceleration principle. The pendulum bob-electromagnetism cooperative acceleration impact is converted to the kinetic energy of the impact pressure head 10 through the cooperation of the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob 6 and the electromagnetic energy of the electromagnetic coil 11, the impact pressure head 10 obtains higher impact speed and impact force through the secondary acceleration of the electromagnetic coil 11 on the basis of obtaining the kinetic energy converted from the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob, and then the transient high-speed impact pressing test in a pendulum bob-electromagnetism cooperative short distance is realized. The controllable adjustment of the speed of the impact pressure head 10 in the secondary electromagnetic ejection mode can be realized by adjusting the transient current value applied to the electromagnetic coil 11 by the energy storage device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the structure design is novel, the whole size is small, and the impact test of the material is realized. In the design of the impact indentation action unit, the initial impact speed of the pendulum bob is further improved by utilizing the electromagnet; the electromagnetic catapult is applied to the device, and due to the non-contact acceleration characteristic, the friction resistance is reduced, the sensitivity is improved, and a good dynamic impact effect can be realized. Compared with a traditional pendulum impact tester, the pendulum impact indentation tester provides a new idea for the pendulum impact indentation tester.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural view of an electromagnetic ejection coil of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a pendulum impression action unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic view showing the absorption state of the pendulum indentation motion unit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 (b) is a schematic view showing an impact state of the pendulum-impression action unit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an infrared thermal imager; 2. an acoustic emission sensor; 3. a test piece clamping table; 4. a high-speed camera; 5. a marble shock isolation platform; 6. a pendulum bob; 7. an electromagnet; 8. an electromagnet fixing frame; 9. a shock isolation table; 10. an impact ram; 11. an electromagnetic coil; 12. a track support table; 13. impacting the rail; 14. and (4) testing the piece to be tested.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative acceleration impact indentation in-situ test device mainly comprises a pendulum bob indentation action unit, an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, a test piece clamping unit, an in-situ test unit and the like. The impact pressure head in the pendulum indentation action unit is arranged in an impact track sleeved in the electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, the impact track is sleeved in a support table with an annular structure in the electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, and an acoustic emission sensor in the in-situ test unit is embedded behind a test piece clamping table in the test piece clamping unit. The electromagnetic coil accelerating unit is composed of an electromagnetic coil, a supporting table and an impact track. The electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the impact track, and coils with different specifications can be modularly replaced according to the impact pressing speed requirement so as to achieve the adjustment of the impact speed. The test piece clamping unit consists of a test piece clamping table and a tested piece. The test piece clamping table is designed to be a circular clamping surface, a cylindrical acoustic emission sensor is embedded in a through hole of the test piece clamping table, a certain distance is kept between a vertical plane of the test piece clamping table and the end surface of the impact track, and the infrared thermal imager and the high-speed camera in the in-situ test unit can conveniently monitor the interaction behavior between the impact pressure head and the tested piece in the impact pressing-in process in situ. The in-situ test unit consists of an infrared thermal imager, a high-speed camera and a sound emission sensor. The infrared thermal imaging instrument and the high-speed camera are respectively arranged at two sides of the tested piece, and the tested piece is stuck on the surface of the front probe of the acoustic emission sensor.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 (a) and 6 (b), the pendulum impression action unit is composed of a marble vibration-isolating table, a pendulum, an electromagnet fixing frame, a vibration-isolating table and an impact pressure head. The pendulum angle range of the pendulum bob is 0-180 degrees, the initial falling height of the pendulum bob can be adjusted according to the impact energy and the impact speed, and the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted into impact kinetic energy to provide the initial impact speed for secondary electromagnetic ejection. Selecting proper pendulum bob according to the impact speed required by experimental design research, enabling pendulum bobs with different masses to impact an impact pressure head, and giving different initial speeds to the impact pressure head through momentum theorem; the speed of the secondary acceleration of the punch can be controlled by changing the current of the electromagnetic coil. The impact pressure head is placed in the impact track, so that the impact pressure head can move along a straight line; the electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the impact track, and friction in the motion process of the impact pressure head is reduced due to the non-contact acceleration characteristic of the electromagnetic coil, so that the test error is smaller. And due to the special acceleration characteristic of the electromagnetic coil, the design of the impact track is more tolerant so as to adapt to different types of impact pressure heads, such as a ball head, a conical head and the like.
When the pendulum bob-electromagnetic synergistic accelerated impact indentation in-situ test device is used, the working process is as follows:
at first according to experimental design needs select suitable impact pressure head and rather than the pendulum of adaptation, will be installed by the test piece on circular clamping face, the adjustment strikes the position of pressure head and pendulum, makes the pendulum adsorb on the electro-magnet, makes to strike the pressure head and arrange in and strike the track and expose the third of body in order to supply the pendulum to beat. Adjusting a high-speed camera and an infrared thermal imager to focus on the impacted surface of the test piece; and starting the acoustic emission sensor to enable the signal of the acoustic emission sensor to be in a stable state. After the preparation of the front-end work is completed, the electromagnet is triggered to enable the pendulum bob to fall down, and the electromagnetic coil accelerates cooperatively when the pendulum bob strikes the impact pressure head. After the impact test is completed, the impact pressure head and the test piece are recovered, the high-speed camera, the infrared thermal imager and the acoustic emission sensor are closed, and the electromagnetic coil needs to be fully discharged.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative accelerated impact indentation in-situ testing device is characterized by mainly comprising a pendulum bob indentation action unit, an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, a test piece clamping unit, an in-situ testing unit and the like; the device comprises a pendulum bob indentation action unit, an electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, an acoustic emission sensor (2) and a pendulum bob indentation action unit, wherein an impact pressure head (10) in the pendulum bob indentation action unit is arranged in an impact track (13) sleeved in the electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, the impact track (13) is sleeved in a support table (12) with an annular structure in the electromagnetic coil acceleration unit, and the acoustic emission sensor (2) in an in-situ test unit is embedded behind a test piece clamping table (3) in the test piece clamping unit;
the pendulum impression action unit consists of a marble shock insulation platform (5), a pendulum (6), an electromagnet (7), an electromagnet fixing frame (8), a shock insulation platform (9) and an impact pressure head (10); the pendulum angle range of the pendulum bob is 0-180 degrees, the initial falling height of the pendulum bob can be adjusted according to the impact energy and the impact speed, and the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob is converted into impact kinetic energy to provide the initial impact speed for secondary electromagnetic ejection;
the electromagnetic coil accelerating unit is composed of an electromagnetic coil (11), a support table (12) and an impact track (13); the electromagnetic coil (11) is sleeved on the impact track (13), and coils with different specifications can be modularly replaced according to the impact pressing speed requirement so as to realize the adjustment of the impact speed;
the test piece clamping unit consists of a test piece clamping table (3) and a tested piece (14); the test piece clamping table (3) is designed to be a circular clamping surface, a cylindrical acoustic emission sensor (2) is embedded into a through hole of the test piece clamping table, a certain distance is kept between a vertical plane of the test piece clamping table (3) and the end surface of the impact track (13), and an infrared thermal imager (1) and a high-speed camera (4) in an in-situ testing unit can conveniently monitor the interaction behavior between an impact pressure head (10) and a tested piece (14) in the impact pressing-in process in situ;
the in-situ test unit consists of an infrared thermal imager (1), a high-speed camera (4) and an acoustic emission sensor (2); the infrared thermal imaging instrument (1) and the high-speed camera (4) are respectively arranged at two sides of the tested piece, and the surface of the front probe of the acoustic emission sensor (2) is stuck with the tested piece (14).
2. The pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative accelerated impact indentation in-situ test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impact indenter (10) is composed of a transmission compression rod and a micro indenter, the micro indenter is rigidly connected with the transmission compression rod through an external thread at the tail end of the micro indenter, and the shape of the micro indenter can be changed into a spherical shape, a conical shape, a triangular pyramid shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape and a cubic angle shape, so as to meet the impact test requirements of the tested piece (14) with different impact toughness and dynamic hardness, and the impact indentation test under different strain rates can be realized by combining the thickness of the tested piece (14), the length of the impact indenter (10) and the shape adjustment of the micro indenter; meanwhile, the pendulum bob (6) and the transmission compression bar of the impact pressure head (10) are both made of high-entropy alloy materials with excellent impact resistance and fatigue resistance, and the cross-sectional area ratio and the thickness/length ratio of the pendulum bob (6) and the impact pressure head (10) are both constant values, so that the same impact inertia ratio under different loads can be realized.
3. The pendulum bob-electromagnetic cooperative acceleration impact indentation in-situ test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the geometric axis of the electromagnetic coil (11) is consistent with the motion direction of the impact pressure head (10), i.e. the impact speed direction, the electromagnet (7) is fixed on the electromagnet fixing frame (8) through a bolt connection, and drives the pendulum bob to accelerate for the first time; the electromagnetic coil (11) drives the impact pressure head (10) to accelerate for the second time through an electromagnetic ejection type acceleration principle; the pendulum bob-electromagnetism cooperative accelerated impact is converted into kinetic energy of an impact pressure head (10) through the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob (6) and the electromagnetic energy of the electromagnetic coil (11) in the cooperative direction, and the impact pressure head (10) obtains higher impact speed and impact force through the secondary acceleration of the electromagnetic coil (11) on the basis of obtaining the kinetic energy converted from the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob, so that the pendulum bob-electromagnetism cooperative transient high-speed impact press-in test in a short distance is realized; the controllable regulation of the speed of the impact ram (10) in the secondary electromagnetic ejection mode can be realized by regulating the transient current value applied to the electromagnetic coil (11) by the energy storage device.
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| CN202310058387.5A CN115979850A (en) | 2023-01-16 | 2023-01-16 | Pendulum bob-electromagnetic synergistic acceleration impact pressing in-situ testing device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116429603A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-14 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
| CN116465766A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-21 | 丹阳市精通眼镜技术创新服务中心有限公司 | Glasses leg toughness detection device |
| CN116858702A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Pendulum impact test device and test method for passive thermal imaging detection |
| CN117232968A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 巨翊科技（上海）有限公司 | Integrated test device for thrust test and impact test |
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2023
- 2023-01-16 CN CN202310058387.5A patent/CN115979850A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116429603A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-14 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
| CN116429603B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-08-29 | 四川恒迪新材料集团有限公司 | SPC floor free falling impact resistance detection device and method |
| CN116465766A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-21 | 丹阳市精通眼镜技术创新服务中心有限公司 | Glasses leg toughness detection device |
| CN116465766B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-09-12 | 丹阳市精通眼镜技术创新服务中心有限公司 | Glasses leg toughness detection device |
| CN116858702A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Pendulum impact test device and test method for passive thermal imaging detection |
| CN117232968A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 巨翊科技（上海）有限公司 | Integrated test device for thrust test and impact test |
| CN117232968B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-02 | 巨翊科技（上海）有限公司 | Integrated test device for thrust test and impact test |
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