CN115959870A - Anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 390-410 kg/m of cementing material 3 640-660 kg/m of sand 3 1000-1100 kg/m of stone 3 150-170 kg/m of water 3 8.0-8.5 kg/m of water reducing agent 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of activated carbon fiber 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of graphene oxide 3 (ii) a Wherein LC 3 The cementing material mainly comprises cement, calcined clay, limestone powder and gypsum; the water is formed by mixing the waste water of the stirring station and clear water. The invention realizes the resource utilization and LC of the wastewater of the mixing plant 3 When the large-dosage application of the gel system is carried out, the excellent crack resistance, mechanical property, durability and the like of the obtained concrete can be effectively considered, the carbon emission of the concrete industry can be effectively reduced, and the concrete has obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the advent of Portland cement, portland cement has become the largest cementing material used in concrete preparation due to its characteristics of wide raw material source, excellent performance and the like. However, the relevant data indicate that about 0.8t of carbon dioxide is emitted per 1t of cement produced, and therefore measures must be taken to reduce the amount of cement used in the construction.
At present, the use of supplementary cementitious materials to replace part of the cement has proven to be a good solution to reduce the amount of cement used. Commonly used auxiliary cementing materials comprise fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag and the like, but the substitution amount of the materials for cement is only about 20 percent generally. In addition, the materials such as high-quality fly ash and slag on the market are very limited, so that the traditional auxiliary cementing material can not meet the production requirement of cement-based materials. Limestone-calcined clay cement (LC) 3 ) As a cementing system which has emerged in recent years, the raw material reserves of limestone and calcined clay are very rich, and compared with fly ash, slag and the like, the cementing system has higher activity, and the substitution amount of cement can reach 50 percent, so that the cementing system is an ideal novel auxiliary cementing material. However, LC 3 At present, the method is still limited to the experimental research stage, the practical application effect of the method fluctuates greatly, and particularly, how to apply the method to the production of the ready-mixed concrete in a large range still needs to be deeply researched for a long time.
A stirring station can generate a large amount of waste water when cleaning equipment, a tank car and waste residue treatment, the waste water contains a certain amount of additives and alkaline components, and the waste water cannot be directly used for concrete production, otherwise, a series of quality problems such as alkaline aggregate reaction and the like can be caused. According to statistics, stirThe mixing station produces 1m each time 3 The concrete needs about 0.18m of mixing water 3 While generating about 0.03m 3 The waste water of (2). Therefore, the recycling of the waste water can obviously reduce the water consumption in the concrete production, and simultaneously, the environmental problem caused by random discharge of the waste water is avoided. At present, researches on treatment of wastewater of a stirring station by means of carbon dioxide neutralization and the like are carried out, so that resource utilization of the wastewater is realized, but the method is high in cost and difficult to apply on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the problems and defects of difficult treatment of wastewater of the existing mixing plant, large carbon emission in the cement concrete industry and the like, provide the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete prepared by using the wastewater of the mixing plant, and effectively promote the resource utilization of the wastewater of the mixing plant and LC (liquid chromatography) while endowing the obtained concrete with excellent anti-cracking performance, mechanical property and durability 3 The large-scale application of the gelling system reduces the carbon emission of the concrete industry, and has obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 390-410 kg/m of cementing material 3 640-660 kg/m of sand 3 1000-1100 kg/m of stone 3 150-170 kg/m of water 3 8.0-8.5 kg/m of water reducing agent 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of activated carbon fiber 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of graphene oxide 3 (ii) a Wherein LC 3 The cementing material mainly comprises cement, calcined clay, limestone powder and gypsum; the water is formed by mixing the waste water of the mixing station and clear water.
In the scheme, the activated carbon fiber is obtained by adding the carbon fiber into acid liquor for electro-activation treatment.
In the scheme, the carbon fiber is chopped carbon fiber with the length of 8-12 mm and the density of 1.7-1.8 g/cm 3 。
In the scheme, the acid liquor can be one or more of dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute nitric acid and the like; the concentration is 5-6 mol/L.
In the scheme, the mass ratio of the carbon fibers to the acid liquor is 1 (5-15).
In the scheme, the current density adopted by the electro-activation treatment is 30-35 mA/cm 2 The time is 1-2h.
In the above scheme, the LC 3 In the cementing material, the components and the mass percentage thereof are as follows: 50-70% of cement, 20-35% of calcined clay, 10-15% of limestone and 3-5% of gypsum.
In the scheme, the mass ratio of the waste water to the clear water of the stirring station is 1-4.
In the scheme, the stirring station wastewater is obtained by precipitating and filtering sewage generated in the stirring station waste residue treatment and equipment cleaning processes, the solid content of the sewage is 7-9%, the water reducing agent accounts for 3-8% of the total solid content by mass, and the alkali content is 1637-1654 mg/L.
In the scheme, the cement is one of cement P.I 42.5, cement P.I 42.5R, cement P.I 52.5R and the like, and the specific surface area of the cement is 375-385 m 2 /kg，。
In the scheme, the calcined clay is prepared by calcining kaolin clay (700-850 ℃ and 2-3 h), and SiO of the calcined clay 2 47-52 wt% of Al 2 O 3 The content of (A) is 38-43 wt%, loss on ignition<2 percent and the specific surface area of 9.0 to 9.2m 2 /g、D 50 5.0 to 5.1 μm.
In the scheme, the limestone is limestone powder and CaCO thereof 3 50 to 55 percent of the content, 40 to 43 percent of the loss on ignition and 2.0 to 2.2m of the specific surface area 2 /g、D 50 Is 7.4 to 7.5 mu m.
In the scheme, the gypsum is natural dihydrate gypsum and is white powder in appearance.
In the scheme, the sand is water washed sand with graded adjustment, the fineness modulus is 2.6-2.8, and the MB value is 2.0-2.25.
In the scheme, the stone is 5-20 mm continuous graded common broken stone, and the crushing index is 7.2-8.1%.
In the scheme, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the solid content of the water reducing agent is 19-21%, and the water reducing rate is 18-21%.
In the scheme, the graphene oxide is a powdery graphene oxide nanosheet, the purity of the graphene oxide is more than 99%, the particle size of the graphene oxide nanosheet is 0.7-1.2 nm, the diameter of a single-layer nanosheet is 1.0-9.0 microns, and the strippability rate of the graphene oxide nanosheet is more than 95%.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing and grinding the weighed calcined clay, limestone powder and gypsum, and then mixing and stirring the mixture with cement to prepare LC 3 A cementitious material;
2) Mixing and stirring activated carbon fibers and graphene oxide dispersion liquid, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material;
3) Subjecting the obtained LC 3 And mixing and stirring the cementing material, the activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material, sand, stone, water and a water reducing agent to obtain the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete.
In the scheme, the graphene oxide dispersion liquid is prepared by ultrasonically dispersing graphene oxide and water according to the mass ratio of 1 (99-95).
In the scheme, the activated carbon fibers introduced in the step 2) and the graphene oxide are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2).
In the scheme, the stirring temperature adopted in the step 2) is 40-50 ℃, the speed is 600-650 rpm, and the time is 4-6 h.
In the scheme, the stirring speed adopted in the step 4) is 35-45 rpm, and the time is 3-5 min.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
exhibit LC 3 The balance and synergy of the gelled material and the stirring station wastewater: the present invention is directed to the use of LC 3 The defects of low early strength, poor working performance and the like possibly existing in a gelling system, and the durability problems of alkali aggregate reaction and the like easily caused by introducing the wastewater of a stirring station; the first time, the two characteristics are put forward and integrated, LC is utilized 3 The high-content volcanic ash substances in the cementing material effectively consume alkaline components in the wastewater of the mixing plant, thereby greatly reducing the weight of concreteProbability of alkali-aggregate reaction, and simultaneously, alkali components in the wastewater excite LC 3 The activity of the cementing material obviously promotes the early volcanic ash reaction of the cementing material and improves the early strength of the cementing material; in addition, the residual water reducing agent component in the wastewater of the mixing plant can effectively balance the problem of reduced working performance caused by calcining clay and limestone, and simultaneously avoid the segregation of the mixture and overlong setting time caused by the residual water reducing agent;
the surface activity of the carbon fiber is improved by using a sulfuric acid and electric activation synergistic treatment mode, the surface microstructure of the carbon fiber is regulated and controlled, and the composite effect of the carbon fiber and graphene oxide is enhanced; in the activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material, carbon fibers play a bridging role, graphene oxide plays a filling effect, a bridging crack-resisting effect and a hydration-promoting effect, the crack resistance of the cement-based material can be effectively improved by compounding the carbon fibers and the graphene oxide, and meanwhile, nucleation sites can be provided for cement hydration and volcanic ash reaction, a compact gel network structure is formed in a matrix, and the mechanical property and the durability of the cement-based material are remarkably improved; in addition, a large amount of cement clinker is replaced by the calcined clay and the limestone, so that the heat release of the whole hydration process of the cementing material is effectively slowed down, and the cracking risk of the concrete is further reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the calcined clay and limestone are used for replacing cement in a large amount (the replacement rate can reach 50%), so that the environmental problem caused by large cement consumption in the premixed concrete industry is effectively solved, the resource utilization of the waste water of the mixing plant is promoted, the dual angles of low carbonization of raw materials and solid waste utilization are used, the influence of the premixed concrete production on the environment is greatly reduced, a new thought and method are provided for the green production innovation of the industry, and the obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit are achieved;
2) The invention makes full use of the wastewater and LC of the mixing plant 3 The gel material has the balance and synergistic effect, and the alkaline environment is created without introducing materials such as calcium hydroxide and the like (the production cost is additionally increased); the volcanic ash materials are not required to be additionally doped to absorb harmful substances in the wastewater, so that the problems of reserves and quality of the volcanic ash materials such as fly ash and slag which are commonly used at present are solved; mixing station wastewater and LC 3 The cementing material has good adaptability, the two materials can efficiently balance the application difficulties in the actual production by synergistic use, and the produced concrete has excellent working performance, mechanical property and durability;
3) According to the invention, graphene oxide and activated carbon fibers are compounded, and compared with a simple fiber or a simple mixing means of the fiber and the graphene oxide, the anti-cracking and bridging effects of the fiber can be obviously enhanced; on the other hand, using LC 3 The conventional gelling system of a mixing station is replaced by the gelling system, so that the risk of concrete cracking caused by hydration heat release can be obviously reduced; the concrete cracking prevention measures and the subsequent protection measures can be optimized simultaneously, and the obtained concrete has excellent crack resistance;
4) According to the invention, the carbon fibers are subjected to acidification and electro-activation synergistic pretreatment, so that the surface activity of the carbon fibers can be effectively improved, the surface microstructure of the carbon fibers is modified, the carbon fibers are endowed with the function of serving as a substrate material, the composite effect of the carbon fibers and graphene oxide is remarkably improved, the linear substrate is converted into a multi-level lamellar substrate, a large number of nucleation sites are provided for the hydration reaction of a cementing material, the hydration rate and the hydration degree are improved, and the high-performance concrete with excellent mechanical property and durability is further prepared.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
In the following examples, the cement used was a P.I. 42.5 portland cement having a specific surface area of 380m 2 Per kg, the initial setting time is 200min, the final setting time is 260min, the compressive strength of 3d is 30.4MPa, and the compressive strength of 28d is 52.7MPa;
the calcined clay is prepared by calcining kaolin clay (the calcining temperature is 800 ℃ and the calcining time is 2 h), and SiO is obtained 2 Mass percent of49wt% of Al 2 O 3 40 percent by mass, 1.6 percent by loss on ignition and 9.1m of specific surface area 2 /g、D 50 5.0 μm;
limestone is limestone powder, caCO thereof 3 The content is 50 percent, the ignition loss is 41 percent, and the specific surface area is 2.0m 2 /g、D 50 7.4 μm;
the sand is washed sand after grading adjustment, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and the MB value is 2.25;
the stone is common crushed stone with 5-20 mm continuous gradation, and the crushing index is 7.4%; the clean water is common tap water;
the adopted wastewater of the stirring station is wastewater generated in the processes of waste residue treatment and equipment cleaning of the stirring station, and the solid content of the wastewater is 8.4 percent, wherein the water reducing agent accounts for 6 percent of the total solid content by mass, and the alkali content is 1642mg/L;
the water reducing agent is a DH-4005 type polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent provided by New Material science and technology Limited, which is built in the northwest of Hubei province, and has the solid content of 20 percent and the water reducing rate of 19 percent;
the carbon fiber adopted is chopped carbon fiber with the average length of 10mm and the density of 1.7g/cm 3 (ii) a The graphene oxide is a powdery graphene oxide nanosheet with purity>99%, average particle diameter of 1.0nm, single-layer average sheet diameter of 5.0 μm, and stripping rate>95％。
Example 1
The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 Cementing material 400kg/m 3 (Cement 200 kg/m) 3 Calcined Clay 120kg/m 3 Limestone 60kg/m 3 20kg/m of gypsum 3 ) 650kg/m of sand 3 Stone 1050kg/m 3 160kg/m of water 3 (clean water 100 kg/m) 3 60kg/m of wastewater of a stirring station 3 ) 8.2kg/m of water reducing agent 3 (ii) a Activated carbon fiber 0.2kg/m 3 0.2kg/m of graphene oxide 3 The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Mixing and grinding the weighed calcined clay, limestone and gypsum in a ball mill for 30min at the rotating speed of 30r/min, discharging, mixing and stirring with cement at the rotating speed of 20r/min for 5min to obtain LC 3 A cementitious material;
2) 200g of carbon fiber is placed in 1.5L of dilute sulfuric acid (the concentration is 5 mol/L) for electro-activation treatment (graphite is used as a cathode, and boron-doped diamond is used as an anode; the current density was 30mA/cm 2 Treating for 1 h), filtering, washing and drying to obtain activated carbon fibers;
3) Mixing and stirring the obtained activated carbon fiber and a graphene oxide dispersion liquid (the mass ratio of graphene oxide to deionized water is 1;
4) Subjecting the obtained LC 3 And mixing and stirring the cementing material, the activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material, sand, stone, diluted mixing station wastewater and a water reducing agent, and performing standard curing (20 +/-2 ℃ and RH being more than or equal to 95) for 28d after molding to obtain the anti-crack low-carbon high-performance concrete.
Example 2
The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 Cementing material 400kg/m 3 (Cement 280 kg/m) 3 Calcined Clay 60kg/m 3 40kg/m limestone 3 20kg/m of gypsum 3 ) 650kg/m of sand 3 Stone 1050kg/m 3 160kg/m of water 3 (clean water 100 kg/m) 3 60kg/m of wastewater of a stirring station 3 ) 8.2kg/m of water reducing agent 3 (ii) a Activated carbon fiber 0.2kg/m 3 0.2kg/m of graphene oxide 3 . The specific preparation procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 Cementing material 400kg/m 3 (Cement 200 kg/m) 3 Calcined Clay 120kg/m 3 Limestone 60kg/m 3 20kg/m of gypsum 3 ) 650kg/m of sand 3 Stone 1050kg/m 3 160kg/m of water 3 (clear water 80 kg/m) 3 80kg/m of wastewater of a stirring station 3 ) 8.2kg/m of water reducing agent 3 (ii) a Activated carbon fiber 0.2kg/m 3 0.2kg/m of graphene oxide 3 (ii) a The specific preparation procedure was the same as in example 1.
Reference sample
The common cement-based concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: cement 400kg/m 3 650kg/m of sand 3 Stone 1050kg/m 3 160kg/m of clean water 3 8.2kg/m of water reducing agent 3 (ii) a The health-care food is obtained by uniformly mixing the weighed raw materials and performing standard maintenance (20 +/-2 ℃ and RH is more than or equal to 95) to 28d of age.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the example 1, and is different from the following steps: replacement of LC with P.O 42.5 cement 3 A cementitious material.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the adopted water is completely replaced by clean water.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the example 1, and is different from the following steps: the components do not contain an activated fiber/graphene oxide composite material.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the example 1, and is different from the following steps: common carbon fibers are adopted to replace the activated carbon fibers.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: only carrying out strong acid activation on the carbon fiber, and not carrying out electric activation; wherein the preparation steps of the acid activated carbon fiber comprise: and (3) putting 200g of carbon fiber into 1.5L of dilute sulfuric acid (the concentration is 5 mol/L) for acidification treatment for 1 hour, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the acid activated carbon fiber.
Comparative example 6
The preparation method of the anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is substantially the same as that of the concrete in the example 1, and is different from the following steps: the components do not contain graphene oxide.
The concrete obtained in examples 1 to 3, the reference sample and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to tests for workability, mechanical properties, durability and the like, and the results are shown in table 1. Wherein, the slump and the expansion of the concrete mixture are tested according to GB/T50080-2016 Standard test method for the Performance of common concrete mixtures; testing the 3/28d compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of a concrete sample according to GB/T50081-2019 'test method standard for physical and mechanical properties of concrete'; the impermeability of the concrete sample is tested according to GB/T50082-2009 Standard test methods for Long-term Performance and durability of ordinary concrete.
TABLE 1 concrete Performance test results
The results show that the LC3 gelling system, the mixing station wastewater and the activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material are cooperatively used, the obtained anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete has excellent working performance, anti-cracking performance, mechanical property and durability, the quality of construction engineering can be remarkably improved, the recycling of the mixing station wastewater is promoted, and the carbon emission of the premixed concrete industry is greatly reduced.
It is apparent that the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating and do not limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: LC (liquid Crystal) 3 390-410 kg/m of cementing material 3 640-660 kg/m of sand 3 1000-1100 kg/m of stone 3 150-170 kg/m of water 3 8.0-8.5 kg/m of water reducing agent 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of activated carbon fiber 3 0.1-0.3 kg/m of graphene oxide 3 (ii) a Wherein LC 3 The cementing material mainly comprises cement, calcined clay, limestone powder and gypsum; the water consists of the mixing station waste water and clear water.
2. The crack-resistant low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the LC is 3 In the cementing material, the components and the mass percentage thereof are as follows: 50-70% of cement, 20-35% of calcined clay, 10-15% of limestone and 3-5% of gypsum.
3. The crack-resistant low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fibers are obtained by adding carbon fibers into an acid solution for electro-activation treatment.
4. The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the mixing station wastewater to the clear water is 1 (1-4).
5. The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mixing station wastewater has a solid content of 7-9% and an alkali content of 1637-1654 mg/L.
6. The crack-resistant low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the cement is 375-385 m 2 (iv) kg; the calcined clay is prepared by calcining kaolin clay, siO thereof 2 47-52 wt% of Al 2 O 3 The content of (A) is 38-43 wt%, loss on ignition<2 percent; the limestone is limestone powder, caCO thereof 3 The content is 50-55%, and the ignition loss is 40-43%.
7. The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the sand is graded adjusted washed sand, and the fineness modulus is 2.6-2.8; the stone is common crushed stone with 5-20 mm continuous gradation, and the crushing index is 7.2-8.1%.
8. The anti-cracking low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the solid content of the water reducing agent is 19-21%, and the water reducing rate is 18-21%.
9. The crack-resistant low-carbon high-performance concrete according to claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide is a powdered graphene oxide nanosheet, the purity of the graphene oxide nanosheet is greater than 99%, and the particle size of the graphene oxide nanosheet is 0.7-1.2 nm.
10. The method for preparing the crack-resistant low-carbon high-performance concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing and grinding the weighed calcined clay, limestone and gypsum, and then mixing and stirring the mixture with cement to prepare LC 3 A cementitious material;
2) Mixing and stirring activated carbon fibers and the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material;
3) Subjecting the obtained LC 3 And mixing and stirring the cementing material, the activated carbon fiber/graphene oxide composite material, sand, stone, water and a water reducing agent to obtain the anti-crack low-carbon high-performance concrete.
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