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CN115893767A - Circulating aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water - Google Patents

Circulating aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115893767A
CN115893767A CN202310016347.4A CN202310016347A CN115893767A CN 115893767 A CN115893767 A CN 115893767A CN 202310016347 A CN202310016347 A CN 202310016347A CN 115893767 A CN115893767 A CN 115893767A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
phosphorus
removing nitrogen
crystallization reactor
communicated
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CN202310016347.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
尹振东
崔鸿武
曲克明
崔正国
王海增
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, and provides a recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, which solves the problem that nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture water cannot be simultaneously removed in the prior art.

Description

Circulating aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture systems, in particular to a circulating water aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water.
Background
The land-based recirculating aquaculture system is a novel aquaculture mode with development prospect, the aquaculture water is treated by a reasonable water treatment method, the treated water is recycled, the discharge amount of the aquaculture tail water is reduced under high aquaculture density, and the uncertainty of the aquaculture organisms caused by exposure to marine environment is effectively reduced.
However, in the actual operation process of the recirculating aquaculture system, due to the defects in design, a series of problems are caused:
1) Solid wastes such as residual bait, excrement and the like cannot be treated in time, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of the aquaculture water are increased;
2) In order to maintain the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the culture water at a lower level, the biological filter continuously performs nitration reaction, so that the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the culture water is continuously increased;
3) The culture system is lack of an effective phosphorus removal device, so that the concentration of active phosphorus in culture water is continuously increased, and phosphorus-containing culture tail water is discharged to cause great threat to the environment;
4) The pH value of the aquaculture water body is gradually reduced, and an acid-base adjusting device is lacked;
5) High equipment cost, high energy consumption and high technical requirement.
Therefore, the problem to be solved in the field is how to treat the aquaculture water under the conditions of eutrophication of the aquaculture water and low energy consumption and realize green discharge. Although some measures are available for removing nitrogen in water in a culture system at present, such as the Chinese patent application No. 2018203171513, which is named as a low-carbon zero-emission factory-like circulating water culture system based on anaerobic denitrification, the patent does disclose a nitrogen removal mode, but the nitrogen removal effect is unknown, and meanwhile, no mention is made on treatment measures for phosphorus in water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, which solves the problem that nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture water cannot be simultaneously removed in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a circulating water culture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water, which comprises a culture pond, a roller micro-filter and a reservoir which are connected in sequence through pipelines,
the recirculating aquaculture system is provided with three waterway systems which circulate simultaneously, namely a nitrification and disinfection system, a phosphorus removal system and a denitrification system,
the nitrification and disinfection system comprises a nitrification unit and a disinfection unit connected to a water outlet of the nitrification unit, a water inlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the water storage tank, and a water outlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the culture pond;
the water inlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water inlet of the nitrification unit;
the dephosphorization system comprises a crystallization reactor, a precipitator adder and a pH regulator, wherein two feed inlets are arranged on the crystallization reactor and are respectively communicated with the precipitator adder and the pH regulator, a water inlet of the crystallization reactor is communicated with the reservoir, and a water outlet of the crystallization reactor is communicated with the culture pond.
Preferably, the bottom of the crystallization reactor is a cylindrical reaction zone, the top of the crystallization reactor is an inverted cone-shaped settling zone, a cylindrical sleeve with an opening at the upper part and the lower part is arranged in the cylindrical reaction zone, a cross-shaped support is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve and fixed on the circumferential inner wall of the cylindrical reaction zone, an inverted funnel is arranged at the center of the inverted cone-shaped settling zone, the opening part of the funnel is arranged above the cylindrical sleeve, and the pipe part extends out of the crystallization reactor;
the water outlet of the crystallization reactor is arranged at the top end of the inverted conical settling zone, the water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical reaction zone and is positioned below the cross-shaped support, and the two feed inlets are arranged in the middle of the cylindrical reaction zone.
Preferably, an aeration device is further arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve and located above the cross-shaped support to push water in the cylindrical sleeve upwards.
Preferably, the pH regulator includes pH controller, alkali lye peristaltic pump and alkali lye holding vessel, the electrode monitor of pH controller set up in cylindric reaction zone and back taper settling zone junction, the one end of alkali lye peristaltic pump with the alkali lye holding vessel links to each other, the other end with the feed inlet links to each other.
Preferably, the liquid in the alkali liquor storage tank comprises one or more of a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium carbonate solution and a sodium bicarbonate solution.
Preferably, the denitrification system comprises an anaerobic baffled reactor, the anaerobic baffled reactor consists of 8 reaction bins, and the reaction bins adopt a bottom water inlet mode and a top water outlet mode.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time in the denitrification system is 8 to 24h.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time in the phosphorus removal system is 3 to 24h.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the culture pond is funnel-shaped, the pond wall is cylindrical, a water outlet of the culture pond is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the culture pond, a buoyancy control switch is arranged on the water outlet, aeration stones are paved at the bottom of the culture pond, and an air pump is connected above the aeration stones.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Compared with the traditional biological treatment technology, the method adopts a simple crystallization precipitation technology, reduces the content of phosphorus in the culture tail water, treats the industrial culture non-point source pollution from the source, and removes the recovery products generated in the process, such as phosphorus-containing precipitates which can be used as fertilizers and industrial raw materials.
2) A crystallization reactor in the phosphorus removal equipment adopts an inverted cone shape at the upper part and a straight pipe shape at the lower part, water inlet is arranged at the bottom, culture water floats upwards under the action of a bottom aeration device, a precipitator and alkali liquor move downwards to enable the culture water and the precipitator to circulate in a reaction zone in a convection way, water flow in a cylindrical sleeve pipe moves upwards, water flow outside the cylindrical sleeve pipe moves downwards, a funnel separates air bubbles from a settling zone, the flow velocity of the water flow in the settling zone is reduced, phosphorus-containing precipitates settle under the action of gravity, and finally the phosphorus-containing precipitates are converged into a collector at the bottom of the reaction zone to completely react.
3) In the denitrification system, in the anaerobic baffled reactor, denitrifying microorganisms can absorb nitrogen in culture water in the growth process to convert nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen, the nitrogen is separated from the culture system in a gas form, and the culture water treated by the anaerobic baffled reactor flows into the nitrification unit to form a closed circulation system.
4) The phosphorus removal process is less influenced by temperature, can be suitable for normal work in a wide-range culture water temperature range, can realize automatic operation, and has lower operation cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a recirculating aquaculture system;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a recirculating aquaculture system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a crystallization reactor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the components of a crystallization reactor;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the operational parameters of a culture pond of the recirculating aquaculture system;
fig. 6 is a graph of operating parameters of an anaerobic baffled reactor and a crystallization reactor.
In the figure: 1-a culture pond, 2-a roller micro-filter, 3-a water storage pond, 4-a primary biological treatment pond, 5-a secondary biological treatment pond, 6-a disinfection pond, 7-an anaerobic baffled reactor, 8-a crystallization reactor, 9-a protein separator, 10-an ozone generator, 11-an air pump, 12-a precipitator storage tank, 13-a precipitator peristaltic pump, 14-an alkali liquor storage tank, 15-an alkali liquor peristaltic pump, 16-a pH controller, 17-an electrode monitoring probe, 18-an aeration stone, 19-a water inlet, 20-a cylindrical sleeve, 21-a cross-shaped bracket, 22-a funnel, 23-a feed inlet and 24-a water outlet; 25-cover plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1-4, a circulating water aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water comprises a culture pond 1, a roller micro-filter 2 and a reservoir 3 which are connected in sequence through pipelines,
the recirculating aquaculture system is provided with three waterway systems which circulate simultaneously, namely a nitrification and disinfection system, a phosphorus removal system and a denitrification system,
the nitrification and disinfection system comprises a nitrification unit and a disinfection unit connected to a water outlet of the nitrification unit, a water inlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the water storage tank 3, and a water outlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the culture pond 1;
the water inlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water storage tank 3, and the water outlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water inlet of the nitrification unit;
the dephosphorization system comprises a crystallization reactor 8, a precipitator adder and a pH regulator, wherein two feed inlets 23 are arranged on the crystallization reactor 8 and are respectively communicated with the precipitator adder and the pH regulator, a water inlet 19 of the crystallization reactor 8 is communicated with the water storage tank 3, and a water outlet 24 of the crystallization reactor is communicated with the culture pond 1.
The bottom of the crystallization reactor 8 is a cylindrical reaction zone, the top of the crystallization reactor 8 is an inverted cone-shaped settling zone, a cylindrical sleeve 20 with an upper opening and a lower opening is arranged in the cylindrical reaction zone, a cross support 21 is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve, the cross support 21 is fixed on the circumferential inner wall of the cylindrical reaction zone, an inverted funnel 22 is arranged at the center of the inverted cone-shaped settling zone, the opening part of the funnel 22 is arranged above the cylindrical sleeve 20, and the pipe part extends out of the crystallization reactor 8;
the delivery port 24 of the crystallization reactor 8 is arranged at the top end of the inverted conical settling zone, the water inlet 19 is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical reaction zone and is positioned below the cross-shaped support 21, and the two feed ports 23 are arranged in the middle of the cylindrical reaction zone.
The top of the crystallization reactor 8 is provided with a cover plate 25 for sealing the entire reactor. The cross bracket 21 is formed by welding two round pipes which are mutually crossed and form a cross shape.
An aeration device is also arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve 20. The aeration device comprises an aeration stone 18 and an air pump 11. The aeration device is positioned above the cross-shaped support 21, and pushes the water in the cylindrical sleeve 20 upwards, and the water outside the cylindrical sleeve 20 flows downwards along with the water flow direction.
The pH regulator comprises a pH controller 16, an alkali liquor peristaltic pump 15 and an alkali liquor storage tank 14, an electrode monitoring probe 17 of the pH controller 16 is arranged at the joint of the cylindrical reaction zone and the inverted cone-shaped settling zone, one end of the alkali liquor peristaltic pump 15 is connected with the alkali liquor storage tank 14, and the other end of the alkali liquor peristaltic pump is connected with the feeding port 23.
The liquid in the alkali liquor storage tank 14 comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate solution and sodium bicarbonate solution.
The denitrification system comprises an anaerobic baffled reactor 7, wherein the anaerobic baffled reactor 7 consists of 8 reaction bins, and the reaction bins adopt a bottom water inlet mode and a top water outlet mode.
The hydraulic retention time in the denitrification system is 8 to 24h.
The hydraulic retention time in the phosphorus removal system is 3 to 24h.
Breed the bottom surface of pond 1 and be hourglass hopper-shaped, the pool wall is cylindricly, and its delivery port setting is in 1 bottom surface center department in the pond of breeding is equipped with buoyancy control switch on the delivery port, it has aeration stone 18 to have laid in 1 bottom in the pond of breeding, aeration stone 18 top is connected with the air pump. The residual bait and excrement generated by cultivation are gathered towards the water outlet under the action of water flow, the water outlets at the center of the bottom of the cultivation pool 1 and the top end of the pool wall are connected with the water inlet of the roller micro-filter 2, the water outlet at the bottom is provided with a buoyancy control switch, and when the water level in the cultivation pool 1 is too low, the switch is closed.
The roller micro-filter 2 adopts a roller type filter screen and is used for intercepting solid matters in the culture tail water, a back washing device with a floating ball switch is arranged in the roller, back washing water is discharged through a drain pipe, and the filtered culture water is discharged into a reservoir. The bottom of the water storage tank 3 is provided with a submersible water pump which is controlled by a controller to pump the culture tail water in the water storage tank 3 into a nitrification unit, a denitrification system and a phosphorus removal system.
The nitrification unit comprises a primary biological treatment tank 4 and a secondary biological treatment tank 5, the two reaction tanks adopt a mode of water inlet from the bottom of one side and water outlet from the top of one side, the primary biological treatment tank 4 is a moving bed biofilm reactor, and a double-helix paddle stirrer is arranged in the center of the tanks. The floating filler is cylindrical, the center of the floating filler is provided with a net structure, the surface of the material is provided with fold-shaped bulges, and the effective specific surface area is higher than 500m 2 /m 3 The filling volume rate of the filler is 40% -60%. The secondary biological treatment tank 5 is a biofilm reactor, the filler is polypropylene rope type filler, and the specific surface area is more than 300m 2 And m, vertically installed at intervals, and an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the pool.
The disinfection unit comprises a disinfection tank 6, a protein separator 9 and an ozone generator 10, the disinfection unit adopts an ozone-ultraviolet combined mode, the disinfection tank 6 adopts a mode of water inlet from the bottom of one side and water outlet from the top of one side, a submersible ultraviolet sterilization lamp is arranged at the bottom of the tank, the protein separator 9 is provided with a suction water pump, the water inlet of the protein separator 9 is connected with the water outlet of the secondary biological treatment tank 5, the water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the disinfection tank 6, the ozone generator 10 runs intermittently and is provided with an air duct, the other end of the air duct is connected with the suction water pump, and the disinfected culture circulating water returns to the culture tank 1 through a pipeline.
An anaerobic baffling reactor 7 in a denitrification system is provided with an obliquely inserted clapboard at the bottom of a reaction bin to further settle solids in the culture water, the bottom of the reaction bin is filled with fillers such as straws, corncobs and degradable plastics, and the treated culture circulating water flows into the front end of a nitrification unit through a pipeline.
The precipitator adder comprises a precipitator peristaltic pump 13 and a precipitator storage tank 12, one end of a pump pipe of the precipitator peristaltic pump 13 is connected with the precipitator storage tank 12, the other end of the pump pipe is connected with the reaction area of the crystallization reactor 8, and effective components of the precipitation solution in the precipitator storage tank 12 include but are not limited to iron ions, magnesium ions, calcium ions and aluminum ions.
The method comprises the following specific steps: in order to remove the phosphorus content in the culture water, the culture water in the water storage tank 3 is pumped into the crystallization reactor 8 from the water inlet 19 through the variable-frequency submersible pump, the variable-frequency submersible pump is started at regular time, the hydraulic retention time is 3 to 24h, the culture water circulates in a convection manner in a reaction area under the action of floating bubbles, the water flow in the cylindrical sleeve 20 is upward, the water flow outside the cylindrical sleeve 20 is downward, and the cylindrical sleeve 20 is placed on the cross-shaped support 21. Taking a magnesium ion precipitator as an example, a precipitator peristaltic pump 13 pumps the solution in a precipitator storage tank 12 into a crystallization reactor 8 from a feeding hole 23, and the Mg/P molar ratio of culture water in the reactor is controlled to be 5 to 50 (fresh water culture) and 200 to 1000 (seawater culture), so that a reaction substance is provided for the crystallization precipitation process. The preset reaction pH value of the pH controller 16 is 8.5-9.5, the electrode detection probe 17 monitors the pH value of aquaculture water entering a sedimentation area from a reaction area, the pH value in the reaction area is gradually reduced along with the progress of a precipitation reaction, when the pH value is lower than the preset interval, the pH controller 16 controls the alkali liquor peristaltic pump 15 to be started, the solution in the alkali liquor storage tank 14 is pumped into the crystallization reactor 8 through the feed inlet 23, the pH value in the reaction area is adjusted, and when the pH value is higher than the preset interval, the pH controller 16 controls the alkali liquor peristaltic pump 15 to stop running. After the sediment part generated by the reaction enters a sedimentation zone, the funnel sleeve 22 separates air bubbles from the sedimentation zone, the flow velocity of water flow in the sedimentation zone is reduced, the phosphorus-containing sediment settles under the action of gravity and finally converges into a collector at the bottom of the reaction zone, and the culture water treated by the crystallization reactor 8 flows into the culture pond 1 from a water outlet 24 to form a closed circulation system.
Three water paths in the system are continuously circulated, so that nitrogen and phosphorus in the aquaculture water are removed. FIG. 5 lists the related data of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like of a culture pond during the operation of the recirculating aquaculture system, and FIG. 6 lists the operation parameter graphs of an anaerobic baffled reactor and a crystallization reactor. As can be seen from the two figures, the system has good effect of removing nitrogen and phosphorus.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a get rid of recirculating aquaculture system of aquatic nitrogen phosphorus in step, includes breed pond, cylinder microstrainer, the cistern that loops through the tube coupling, its characterized in that:
the recirculating aquaculture system is provided with three waterway systems which circulate simultaneously, namely a nitrification and disinfection system, a phosphorus removal system and a denitrification system,
the nitrification and disinfection system comprises a nitrification unit and a disinfection unit connected with a water outlet of the nitrification unit, a water inlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the water storage tank, and a water outlet of the nitrification and disinfection system is communicated with the culture pond;
the water inlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the denitrification system is communicated with the water inlet of the nitrification unit;
the dephosphorization system comprises a crystallization reactor, a precipitator adder and a pH regulator, wherein two feed inlets are arranged on the crystallization reactor and are respectively communicated with the precipitator adder and the pH regulator, a water inlet of the crystallization reactor is communicated with the water storage tank, and a water outlet of the crystallization reactor is communicated with the culture pond.
2. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the bottom of the crystallization reactor is a cylindrical reaction zone, the top of the crystallization reactor is an inverted cone-shaped settling zone, cylindrical sleeves with openings at the upper and lower parts are arranged in the cylindrical reaction zone, a cross support is arranged at the bottom of each cylindrical sleeve and fixed on the circumferential inner wall of the cylindrical reaction zone, an inverted funnel is arranged at the center of the inverted cone-shaped settling zone, the opening part of the funnel is arranged above the cylindrical sleeves, and the pipe part of the funnel extends out of the crystallization reactor;
the delivery port setting of crystallization reactor is in the top in back taper settling zone, the water inlet setting is in the bottom in cylindric reaction zone, and be located the below of cross support, two the feed inlet sets up cylindric reaction zone middle part.
3. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
and an aeration device is also arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve and is positioned above the cross-shaped bracket to push the water in the cylindrical sleeve upwards.
4. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the pH regulator comprises a pH controller, an alkali liquor peristaltic pump and an alkali liquor storage tank, an electrode monitoring probe of the pH controller is arranged at the joint of the cylindrical reaction zone and the inverted cone-shaped settling zone, one end of the alkali liquor peristaltic pump is connected with the alkali liquor storage tank, and the other end of the alkali liquor peristaltic pump is connected with the feed inlet.
5. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the liquid in the alkali liquor storage tank comprises one or more of a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium carbonate solution and a sodium bicarbonate solution.
6. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the denitrification system comprises an anaerobic baffling reactor, wherein the anaerobic baffling reactor consists of 8 reaction bins, and the reaction bins adopt a bottom water inlet mode and a top water outlet mode.
7. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as recited in claim 1, wherein:
the hydraulic retention time in the denitrification system is 8 to 24h.
8. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the hydraulic retention time in the phosphorus removal system is 3 to 24h.
9. The recirculating aquaculture system for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the bottom surface of the culture pond is funnel-shaped, the pond wall is cylindrical, two water outlets are formed and are respectively arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the culture pond and the top end of the pond wall, the bottom of the culture pond is paved with aeration stones, and an air pump is connected above the aeration stones.
CN202310016347.4A 2023-01-06 2023-01-06 Circulating aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water Pending CN115893767A (en)

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CN202310016347.4A CN115893767A (en) 2023-01-06 2023-01-06 Circulating aquaculture system capable of synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water

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EP2676935A1 (en) * 2012-06-22 2013-12-25 Erwin Sander Elektroapparatebau Gmbh Method and plant for purification of water in a closed aquaculture system
CN104671615A (en) * 2015-03-04 2015-06-03 江苏龙腾工程设计有限公司 Process for treating livestock and poultry breeding sewage entering Lake Taihu
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