CN115898740A - Compressed air and hydroelectric power generation combined energy storage system for waste mine hole - Google Patents
Compressed air and hydroelectric power generation combined energy storage system for waste mine hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN115898740A CN115898740A CN202211415302.6A CN202211415302A CN115898740A CN 115898740 A CN115898740 A CN 115898740A CN 202211415302 A CN202211415302 A CN 202211415302A CN 115898740 A CN115898740 A CN 115898740A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The application discloses a compressed air and hydroelectric power combined energy storage system for abandoned mine caverns. The system comprises a hydroelectric power generation subsystem, an air compression subsystem and an air expansion power generation subsystem. The invention fully utilizes the incompressibility of water and the compressibility of gas to convert electric energy into air pressure energy and potential energy of water. According to the invention, secondary compression of air is realized through the hydroelectric generation subsystem, so that the bottom air quantity in the closed lower reservoir is greatly reduced, and the utilization rate of compressed air is effectively improved; the air compression replaces the water pumping and energy storage process of the pump turbine, and the adverse effects of the reverse S characteristic and the hump area of the pump turbine on the operation of the power station are relieved. The invention can be applied to a compressed air power station reconstructed from abandoned mine holes and a wind-light new energy source sending terminal base with less water resources in northwest regions, and has positive significance for promoting intermittent new energy consumption and improving the stability of a power system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a compressed air and hydroelectric generation combined energy storage system for abandoned mine holes.
Background
The development speed and scale of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and light are continuously increased, and the access of distributed power generation puts higher requirements on the stability of a power system and the reliability of source network coordination. Energy storage is the key to solve the problems, wherein pumped storage is a mature energy storage means, which accounts for 94% of the installed capacity of the energy storage of the global power system, and air compression energy storage initially enters the commercial operation stage.
In 2020, the number of abandoned Chinese mines reaches 1.2 ten thousand; in 2030, 1.5 thousands of places are reached, the underground space is about 90 hundred million m < 3 >, and the height of the underground space is overlapped with that of the western and northern wind power photovoltaic resource zones and the coastal wind power nuclear power resource zone in China. Therefore, waste mine hole sites are fully utilized, and energy storage power stations are built, so that the consumption of peripheral wind-solar renewable energy sources can be effectively promoted, the recovery of the natural ecological environment of the mining area is promoted, and the mining area is changed from an industrial water and electricity consumption household to a new energy power supply output ground.
However, the waste mine caverns are used for building the pumped storage power station, and because the water head fall is large and the water level amplitude is large, the stability and the efficiency of bidirectional operation of pumping and power generation are seriously influenced, and the design of a water pump turbine is difficult; meanwhile, the reversible design of the pump turbine enables the pump turbine to have reverse S characteristics and hump characteristics, and adverse effects are brought to safe, stable and efficient operation of a power station. The conventional air compression energy storage is adopted, so that 60-70% of sole gas cannot be utilized, the waste of compressed air is caused, and the conversion efficiency of the system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the application provides a compressed air and hydroelectric power generation combined energy storage system for abandoned mine hole, can improve hydroelectric power generation's conversion efficiency.
The application provides a compressed air and hydroelectric power combined energy storage system for a waste mine hole, which comprises a hydroelectric power generation subsystem, an air compression subsystem and an air expansion power generation subsystem;
the air compression subsystem is used for pressing water in the closed lower reservoir from a normal water storage level to a dead water level, converting the water into water body potential energy and storing the water body potential energy in the upper reservoir;
the air expansion power generation subsystem is used for generating power by utilizing expansion of the air on the upper layer of the closed lower reservoir;
the hydraulic power generation subsystem is used for utilizing water flow of the upper reservoir to do work to generate power after the air pressure in the closed lower reservoir is lower than a set value of the expander power generation subsystem, and meanwhile, the water flow enables upper-layer air of the closed lower reservoir to be compressed to push the air expansion subsystem to generate power.
Optionally, the hydroelectric power generation subsystem comprises an upper reservoir, a water diversion pipeline, a ball valve, a hydroelectric power generator set, a self-flowing pipeline, a communication valve, a tail water pipeline and a closed lower reservoir, wherein the upper reservoir is connected with the hydroelectric power generator set through the water diversion pipeline; and the self-flowing pipeline and the communication valve are used for compressing the water body to the upper reservoir from the closed lower reservoir by compressed air when energy is stored.
Optionally, the hydroelectric generating set is connected with a regional power grid through a low-voltage transmission line, a transformer and a high-voltage transmission line.
Optionally, the air compression subsystem comprises an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a ball valve, a gas transmission pipeline, a heat storage tank and a heat medium transmission pipeline, the air compressor is connected with a regional power grid, the air compressor is connected with the closed lower water reservoir through the gas transmission pipeline, the heat exchanger and the ball valve are mounted on the gas transmission pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected with the heat storage tank through the heat medium transmission pipeline; the ball valve is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline.
Optionally, the air compressor is connected to the regional power grid through a low-voltage transmission line, a transformer, and a high-voltage transmission line.
Optionally, the air expansion power generation subsystem comprises a power generator, an expansion machine, a heat exchanger, a ball valve, a gas transmission pipeline, a safety valve and a pressure sensor, the expansion machine is connected with the closed lower reservoir through the gas transmission pipeline, the heat exchanger and the ball valve are arranged on the gas transmission pipeline, the expansion machine is connected with the power generator, the power generator is connected into a regional power grid for power generation, the safety valve and the pressure sensor are installed on the closed lower reservoir, the safety valve is used for automatically releasing pressure after the upper-layer air pressure of the closed lower reservoir reaches a limit value, and the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the upper-layer air pressure of the closed lower reservoir in real time.
Optionally, the generator is incorporated into the regional power grid for power generation via a transformer.
Optionally, the closed lower reservoir is formed by a waste mine hole.
The application provides an energy storage system is united with hydroelectric generation to compressed air for abandonment mine hole has following beneficial effect:
(1) Compared with the compressed air energy storage in the related technology, the invention fully utilizes the bedding gas in the gas storage, improves the utilization rate of the compressed air, can effectively reduce the volume of the gas storage and saves the construction cost.
(2) The application converts surplus electric energy of the regional power grid into air pressure energy and water potential energy, ingeniously utilizes compressibility and water head incompressible characteristics of air, wherein the conversion efficiency of hydroelectric power generation can reach more than 85%, and the consumption of intermittent renewable energy of the regional power grid is effectively promoted.
(3) Compared with a pumped storage power station in the related art, the method adopts the waste mine hole as the lower reservoir, not only solves the construction investment, but also reduces the cost of reservoir area immigration, and is beneficial to ecological environment restoration of the waste mine area; the reversible design of a pump turbine is cancelled, and the influence of an S characteristic area and a hump area on the operation of the power station is eliminated.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present application will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air and hydroelectric power combined energy storage system for a waste mine hole provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the elements in the figures are identified as follows:
1. an upper reservoir; 2. a water conduit; 3. a penstock ball valve; 4. a hydroelectric generator set; 5. a gravity flow pipe; 6. a communication valve; 7. a tail water pipeline; 8. a closed lower reservoir; 9. a safety valve; 10. a pressure sensor; 11. an expander gas transmission pipeline; 12. a compressor gas transmission pipeline; 13. a gas pipeline ball valve; 14. a heat exchanger; 15. a heat storage tank; 16. a thermal medium delivery conduit; 17. an air compressor; 18. an expander; 19. A generator; 20. a transformer; 21. a low voltage transmission line; 22. a high voltage transmission line; 23. and (4) regional power grid.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically, electrically or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, specific example components and arrangements are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Further, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in the various examples for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or use of other materials.
Referring to fig. 1, the compressed air and hydraulic power combined energy storage system for the abandoned mine hole of the embodiment comprises a hydraulic power generation subsystem, an air compression subsystem and an air expansion power generation subsystem.
The hydroelectric power generation subsystem utilizes the potential energy of water to generate power and participates in load and frequency adjustment of a regional power grid, and comprises an upper reservoir 1, a water conduit 2, a water conduit ball valve 3, a hydroelectric power generator set 4, a self-flowing pipeline 5, a communication valve 6, a tail water pipeline 7 and a closed lower reservoir 8.
In the hydroelectric power generation subsystem, an upper reservoir 1 is connected with a hydroelectric generating set 4 through a water conduit 2, a water conduit ball valve 3 is arranged on the water conduit 2 in front of the hydroelectric generating set 4, the hydroelectric generating set 4 is connected with a closed lower reservoir 8 through a tail water conduit 7, the hydroelectric generating set 4 is connected with a regional power grid 23 through a low-voltage transmission line 21, a transformer 20a and a high-voltage transmission line 22, a self-flowing conduit 5 is communicated with the water conduit 2 and the tail water conduit 7 in front of and behind the hydroelectric generating set 4, and a communicating valve 6 is arranged on the self-flowing conduit 5; the self-flowing pipeline 5 and the communication valve 6 are used for compressing the water body to the upper reservoir 1 from the closed lower reservoir 8 by compressed air when energy is stored.
The air compression subsystem is used for absorbing redundant electric energy of a regional power grid 23 and pressing water in the closed lower reservoir 8 to a dead water level 25 from a normal water storage level 24, and comprises a gas pipeline 12, a gas pipeline ball valve 13b, a heat exchanger 14b, a heat storage tank 15, a heat medium pipeline 16 and an air compressor 17.
In the air compression subsystem, air compressors 17a and 17b are connected with a regional power grid 23 through low-voltage transmission lines, transformers 20c and 20d and a high-voltage transmission line 22, the air compressors are connected with the closed lower reservoir 8 through a gas transmission pipeline 12, a heat exchanger 14b and a ball valve 13b are installed on the gas transmission pipeline 12, and the heat exchanger 14b is connected with a heat storage tank 15 through a heat medium transmission pipeline 16; heat generated by the air compressors 17a and 17b compressing air is exchanged by the heat medium in the heat exchanger 14b to be stored in the heat storage tank 15; the ball valve 13b on the gas transmission pipeline 12 is a switch for controlling compressed air to enter the closed lower reservoir 8;
the air expansion power generation subsystem is used for converting air pressure energy into electric energy and transmitting the electric energy to a regional power grid 23 and comprises a safety valve 9, a pressure sensor 10, a gas transmission pipeline 11, a gas transmission pipeline ball valve 13a, a heat exchanger 14a, an expander 18 and a generator 19.
In the air expansion power generation subsystem, an expander 18 is connected with the closed lower reservoir 8 through a gas transmission pipeline 11, a heat exchanger 14a and a ball valve 13a are arranged on the gas transmission pipeline 11, the expander 11 is connected with a generator 19 through a main shaft, and the generator 19 is merged into a regional power grid 23 through a transformer 20b to generate power; a safety valve 9 and a pressure sensor 10 are installed on the closed lower reservoir 8, the safety valve 9 is used for automatically relieving pressure after the air pressure of the upper layer of the closed lower reservoir 8 reaches a limit value, and the pressure sensor 10 is used for monitoring the air pressure of the upper layer of the closed lower reservoir 8 in real time; the heat medium in the heat storage tank 15 is used for heating the compressed gas through the heat medium conveying pipeline 16 and the heat exchanger 14a, so that the non-afterburning effect is achieved, and the working efficiency of the expander 18 is improved;
the working process of the energy storage system of the present application is now described with respect to two common application scenarios. It should be noted that this common embodiment is not to be considered as a basis for understanding the essential features of the technical problem which the present application claims to solve, and it is merely exemplary.
Example 1
The regional power grid 23 has surplus electric energy, needs to absorb wind and light renewable energy, and requires energy storage operation of the invention.
When the pressure sensor 10 detects that the upper air pressure of the closed lower reservoir 8 is greater than the absolute pressure of the inlet of the water conduit 2 of the upper reservoir 1, the communication valve 6 is opened, the water level of the closed lower reservoir begins to fall, the water flows to the upper reservoir 1 through the tail water pipeline 7, the self-flowing pipeline 5 and the water conduit 2, and the water level of the upper reservoir 1 gradually rises; when the water level of the closed type lower reservoir is pressed to the dead water level 25 from the normal water storage level 24, the communication valve 6 is closed; the air compressors 17a and 17b continue to work, the upper air of the closed lower reservoir 8 is further compressed, when the pressure sensor 10 monitors that the upper air pressure reaches the work set pressure value of the expander, the ball valve 13b is closed, and the air compressors 17a and 17b are stopped; at this time, the surplus electric energy of the regional power grid 23 is converted into air pressure energy and water head potential energy, and can be stored for a long time.
Example 2
The power generation capacity of wind and light renewable energy sources is sharply reduced or the regional load is increased, and the regional power grid 23 urgently needs electric energy to require the power generation operation of the invention.
Compressed air power generation independent operation stage: the ball valve 13a is opened, the expansion machine 18 is started, high-pressure gas in the closed lower reservoir 8 enters the gas transmission pipeline 11, is heated by a heat medium in the heat exchanger 14a, enters the expansion machine 18 to do work, and drives the generator 19 to generate power, and the generator 19 is merged into a regional power grid 23 through the transformer 20 b;
the combined operation stage of hydroelectric power generation and compressed air power generation: when the pressure sensor 10 monitors that the air pressure of the closed lower reservoir is close to the minimum pressure of the expander for power generation, the ball valve 3 is opened, the water body in the upper reservoir 1 drives the hydroelectric generating set 4 to rotate through the water conduit 2 for power generation, the electric energy of the hydroelectric generating set 4 is merged into a regional power grid 23 through a low-voltage transmission line 21, a transformer 20a and a high-voltage transmission line 22, the water head flowing out of the hydroelectric generating set 4 enters the closed lower reservoir 8 through a draft conduit 7, the water level in the closed lower reservoir 8 gradually rises from a dead water level 25, meanwhile, the upper-layer bottom air in the closed lower reservoir 8 is further compressed, and the air expansion power generation subsystem is continuously driven to generate power; when the water level of the closed type lower reservoir rises to the normal water storage level 24, the operation of the hydraulic power generation subsystem is stopped, the ball valve 3 is closed, the operation of the air expansion subsystem is stopped, and the ball valve 13a is closed.
At the moment, the air compression subsystem waits for the dispatching of the power grid and prepares for energy storage at any time, and the method is circulated in such a way to execute the periodic process of energy storage and power generation.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A compressed air and hydroelectric generation combined energy storage system for waste mine caverns is characterized by comprising a hydroelectric generation subsystem, an air compression subsystem and an air expansion power generation subsystem;
the air compression subsystem is used for pressing water in the closed lower reservoir from a normal water storage level to a dead water level, converting the water into water body potential energy and storing the water body potential energy in the upper reservoir;
the air expansion power generation subsystem is used for generating power by utilizing expansion of the air on the upper layer of the closed lower reservoir;
the hydraulic power generation subsystem is used for utilizing water flow of the upper reservoir to do work to generate power after the air pressure in the closed lower reservoir is lower than a set value of the expander power generation subsystem, and meanwhile, the water flow enables upper-layer air of the closed lower reservoir to be compressed to push the air expansion subsystem to generate power.
2. The compressed air and hydroelectric power combined energy storage system for the abandoned mine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the hydroelectric power subsystem comprises an upper reservoir, a water diversion pipeline, a ball valve, a hydroelectric power generator set, a self-flowing pipeline, a communication valve, a tail water pipeline and a closed lower reservoir, the upper reservoir is connected with the hydroelectric power generator set through the water diversion pipeline, the water diversion pipeline ball valve is installed on the water diversion pipeline in front of the hydroelectric power generator set, the hydroelectric power generator set is connected with the closed lower reservoir through the tail water pipeline, the hydroelectric power generator set is connected with a regional power grid, the self-flowing pipeline communicates the water diversion pipeline with the tail water pipeline in front of and behind the hydroelectric power generator set, and the communication valve is arranged on the self-flowing pipeline; and the self-flowing pipeline and the communication valve are used for compressing the water body to the upper reservoir from the closed lower reservoir by compressed air when energy is stored.
3. The compressed air and hydropower combined energy storage system for waste mines according to claim 2, wherein the hydroelectric generator set is connected with a regional power grid through a low-voltage transmission line, a transformer and a high-voltage transmission line.
4. The compressed air and hydroelectric power combined energy storage system for the abandoned mine hole according to claim 1, wherein the air compression subsystem comprises an air compressor, a heat exchanger, a ball valve, a gas transmission pipeline, a heat storage tank and a heat medium transmission pipeline, the air compressor is connected with a regional power grid, the air compressor is connected with the closed lower water reservoir through the gas transmission pipeline, the heat exchanger and the ball valve are installed on the gas transmission pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected with the heat storage tank through the heat medium transmission pipeline; the ball valve is arranged on the gas transmission pipeline.
5. The combined compressed air and hydropower generation energy storage system for waste mines according to claim 4, wherein the air compressor is connected with a regional power grid through a low-voltage transmission line, a transformer and a high-voltage transmission line.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the air expansion power generation subsystem comprises a generator, an expander, a heat exchanger, a ball valve, a gas pipeline, a safety valve and a pressure sensor, the expander is connected with the closed lower reservoir through the gas pipeline, the heat exchanger and the ball valve are arranged on the gas pipeline, the expander is connected with the generator, the generator is connected into a regional power grid for power generation, the safety valve and the pressure sensor are installed on the closed lower reservoir, the safety valve is used for automatically releasing pressure after the upper-layer air pressure of the closed lower reservoir reaches a limit value, and the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the upper-layer air pressure of the closed lower reservoir in real time.
7. The compressed air and hydroelectric combined energy storage system for a abandoned mine cavern as recited in claim 6, wherein the generator is integrated into a regional power grid through a transformer to generate electricity.
8. The combined compressed air and hydropower energy storage system for a waste mine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the closed lower reservoir is formed by the waste mine tunnel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211415302.6A CN115898740A (en) | 2022-11-11 | 2022-11-11 | Compressed air and hydroelectric power generation combined energy storage system for waste mine hole |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117072364A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-17 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Tail water treatment system of hydroelectric power station and hydroelectric power generation system |
| CN118030473A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-05-14 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Constant-pressure energy storage system and method combining pumped storage and compressed air energy storage |
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2022
- 2022-11-11 CN CN202211415302.6A patent/CN115898740A/en active Pending
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| DE102017006100A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Guido Becker | pumped storage power plant |
| CN109826741A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-31 | 西安交通大学 | It is a kind of to discard the variable working condition in tunnel or bomb shelter as energy-storing container without dam pumped storage and method |
| CN112065634A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-11 | 西安交通大学 | Underground pumped storage composite compressed air energy storage system and method based on abandoned mine |
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| CN117072364A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-11-17 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Tail water treatment system of hydroelectric power station and hydroelectric power generation system |
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| CN118030473A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-05-14 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Constant-pressure energy storage system and method combining pumped storage and compressed air energy storage |
| CN118030473B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-10-11 | 中国电力工程顾问集团中南电力设计院有限公司 | Constant-pressure energy storage system and method combining pumped storage and compressed air energy storage |
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