CN115889997B - Method for welding control surface by laser welding - Google Patents
Method for welding control surface by laser welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN115889997B CN115889997B CN202211721759.XA CN202211721759A CN115889997B CN 115889997 B CN115889997 B CN 115889997B CN 202211721759 A CN202211721759 A CN 202211721759A CN 115889997 B CN115889997 B CN 115889997B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 301
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for welding a control surface by laser welding, which comprises the following steps: (1) Performing positioning welding on a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding so as to form a primary welding control surface; (2) Welding joints between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding to form a secondary welding control surface; (3) Placing filling metal at the concave parts at two sides of the bulge of the secondary welding control surface, and performing modification welding on the filling metal by adopting laser welding to melt the filling metal, wherein the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts at two sides of the bulge to form a tertiary welding control surface; and performing modification welding on the protrusions of the third welding control surface by adopting laser welding, so that the metal of the protrusions is melted, and the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the protrusions to finish the welding of the control surface. Therefore, the appearance defects of control surface recession, undercut, arc pit and the like generated by laser welding the control surface are eliminated, and the welding control surface with full welding seams, consistent width, uniformity, attractive appearance and smooth transition is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding methods, and particularly relates to a method for welding a control surface by adopting laser welding.
Background
In the prior art, a laser welding method is mainly used for welding a control surface skeleton and a skin of a control surface part, but the outer surface of a welded welding seam always has a hump phenomenon with high middle and low two sides, so that the problems of poor appearance forming, undercut, dent and the like of the welded control surface are caused, the qualification rate of the welded control surface product is lower, the repairing frequency is high, and the requirements of customers are difficult to meet.
The reasons for the above problems are two: (1) assembly clearance problem: because of the processing errors of the control surface framework and the skin, the sizes of the two sides of the joint cannot be completely matched, so that a gap exists between the upper surface of the overlap joint part of the thick-wall side of the control surface framework and the lower surface of the thin-wall side of the skin, and a gap exists between the butt joint of the control surface framework in the thickness direction of the skin. The traditional laser welding method adopts a non-wire welding method, the welding mainly relies on the liquid metal of the self-melting of the base metal to fill the two gaps, but the liquid metal of the self-melting of the base metal is insufficient to make the welding seam full, and the problems of undercut and dent are easily caused; (2) energy distribution problem of laser speckle: laser welding is characterized by a high energy density, but its energy distribution is non-uniform in the spot area. The central position of the spot has the highest energy density, the peripheral area is relatively lower, and the hump phenomenon is serious because of the large energy distribution difference of laser welding, and the problems of undercut and dent can occur at two sides of the welding seam. In addition, this phenomenon also exists in other welding methods such as argon arc welding. The method for solving the problem of energy distribution is to adopt defocused welding, but the defocused welding can bring the consequences of reduced penetration, widened welding line, increased deformation and the like, and can cause welding imperviousness.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for welding control surfaces using laser welding. Therefore, the appearance defects of control surface recession, undercut, arc pit and the like generated by laser welding the control surface are eliminated, and the welding control surface with full welding seams, consistent width, uniformity, attractive appearance and smooth transition is obtained.
The invention provides a method for welding a control surface by laser welding. In an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) Positioning a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin, determining a positioning welding point, and performing positioning welding on the positioning welding point by adopting laser welding so as to form a primary welding control surface;
(2) Welding a seam between a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding so as to completely weld the seam between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin to form a secondary welding control surface;
(3) Placing filling metal at the concave parts at two sides of the bulge of the secondary welding control surface, and performing modification welding on the filling metal by adopting laser welding to melt the filling metal, wherein melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts at two sides of the bulge to form a tertiary welding control surface;
and performing modification welding on the protrusions of the third welding control surface by adopting laser welding, so that the metal of the protrusions is melted, and the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the protrusions so as to finish welding of the control surface.
According to the method for welding the control surface by the laser welding, in the process of obtaining the secondary welding control surface by welding, part of liquid metal flows to the joint formed by the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin, so that the secondary welding control surface is sunken; the laser welding is adopted to modify and weld the bulges of the third welding control surface, so that the metal of the bulges is melted, and the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts at the two sides of the bulges, thereby eliminating the bulges of the third welding control surface and being beneficial to eliminating the concave parts of the third welding control surface. Therefore, the appearance defects of control surface recession, undercut, arc pit and the like generated by laser welding the control surface are eliminated, and the welding control surface with full welding seams, consistent width, uniformity, attractive appearance and smooth transition is obtained.
In addition, the method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, before locating the to-be-welded portion of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded portion of the skin, the method further includes:
and cleaning the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), a filler metal is placed in the recesses on both sides of the protrusion multiple times, and the filler metal is subjected to trim welding by laser welding, and the protrusion of the secondary welding control surface is subjected to trim welding multiple times by laser welding.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), the distance between adjacent points of the tack weld is between 10 and 15 millimeters.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distances between adjacent points of the braze joint are equal.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2), the laser power of the laser welding is 750-1000W, the welding speed of the laser welding is 0.02-0.04 m/s, and the defocus amount of the laser welding is-2 to +2 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step (3), the laser power of the repair welding is 400 to 600W, the pulse time of the repair welding is 100 to 300 ms, the interval time of the repair welding is 400 to 800 ms, and the defocusing amount of the repair welding is 5 to 20 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), the laser power of the trim welding performed on the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 1300-1800W, the welding speed of the trim welding performed on the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 0.02-0.05 m/s, the pulse time of the trim welding performed on the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 50-200 ms, the interval time of the trim welding performed on the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 50-200 ms, and the defocus amount of the trim welding performed on the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 20-40 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), the filler metal is a wire-like metal.
In some embodiments of the invention, the wire-like metal has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5 millimeters.
In some embodiments of the invention, the wire-like metal material is selected from at least one of titanium alloy, alloy steel, and stainless steel.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton is at least one selected from titanium alloy, alloy steel and stainless steel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material of the skin at the site to be welded is selected from at least one of titanium alloy, alloy steel and stainless steel.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of laser welding control surfaces in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a defect of an unmodified welded control surface according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a welded control surface at the end of welding in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a control surface framework; 2-covering; 3-sinking of the welding control surface; 4-welding the bulge of the control surface; 5-welding the welded seam.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention provides a method for welding a control surface by laser welding. In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
s100: the laser welding is adopted to carry out positioning welding on the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin, so that a once-welded control surface is formed
In this step, referring to fig. 2, the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton 1 and the portion to be welded of the skin 2 are positioned, positioning welding points are determined, and positioning welding is performed on the positioning welding points by adopting laser welding so as to form a primary welding control surface. The gap between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin can be reduced through positioning welding, so that the dimensional accuracy of laser welding is guaranteed, the step S200 is better realized for completely welding the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin, and the usage amount of filling metal placed in the step S300 can be reduced.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, before positioning the to-be-welded portion of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded portion of the skin, the method further includes: the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin are subjected to cleaning treatment, so that oxides, greasy dirt and other dirt on the to-be-welded part surface of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part surface of the skin can be removed through cleaning treatment, the air holes generated in the subsequent welding process are avoided, the welding effect can be greatly improved, gaps between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin due to the dirt are avoided, and the problem of sinking of the secondary welding control surface after welding in the step S200 is more serious.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the adjacent points of the positioning welding points is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art can select the distance according to the actual situation, if the to-be-welded part of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded part of the skin are flat, the distance between the adjacent points of the positioning welding points can be larger, the number of the positioning welding points can be smaller, if the to-be-welded part of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded part of the skin are very uneven, the distance between the adjacent points of the positioning welding points can be smaller, and the number of the positioning welding points can be larger.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, in step S100, the distance between the adjacent points of the positioning welding point is 10 to 15 mm, so that the distance between the adjacent points of the positioning welding point is limited within the above range, which is beneficial to better performing positioning welding and avoiding the situation of welding dislocation in positioning welding.
According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the distances between the adjacent points of the positioning welding points are equal, so that the stress of the welding points is kept basically consistent, the problems of welding line cracks, positioning deviation and the like are not easy to occur, positioning is facilitated in actual operation, and the convenience of positioning welding operation is improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S100, the laser power of the laser welding is 400-600W, the pulse time of the laser welding is 100-300 ms, and the defocus amount of the laser welding is 5-20 mm, so that the process parameters of the laser welding are limited in the above range, which ensures good welding positioning effect on the to-be-welded portion of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded portion of the skin, and avoids the oversized welding area after the positioning welding is performed by the laser welding, and the aesthetic degree of the control surface appearance after the welding is greatly reduced.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S100, the welding area after the positioning welding is performed by using the laser welding at the positioning welding point is a circular area, the circular area cannot exceed the width of the welding line, and the diameter size of the circular area is 60% -80% of the size of the welding line at the position where the circular area is located, so that the welding end control surface has little or no trace of the positioning welding point, and the aesthetic degree of the appearance of the welding end control surface is improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the manner of the above-mentioned cleaning process is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and as a specific example, the manner of the above-mentioned cleaning process may be selected from at least one of sanding, stainless wire brush sanding, stainless wire wheel sanding, alcohol washing and acetone washing.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton is not particularly limited, and may be selected by a person skilled in the art according to practical situations, and as a specific example, the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton may be at least one selected from titanium alloy, alloy steel and stainless steel.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the portion to be welded of the skin is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and as a specific example, the material of the portion to be welded of the skin may be at least one selected from titanium alloy, alloy steel and stainless steel. Preferably, the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton is the same as the material of the portion to be welded of the skin. More preferably, the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton, the material of the portion to be welded of the skin, and the material of the filling metal in the subsequent step S300 are the same.
S200: welding joints between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding to form a secondary welding control surface
In the step, the seam between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin is welded by adopting laser welding so as to completely weld the seam between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin, thereby forming the secondary welding control surface.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S200, the laser power of the laser welding is 750-1000W, the welding speed of the laser welding is 0.02-0.04 m/S, and the defocus amount of the laser welding is-2 to +2 mm, so that the process parameters of the laser welding are limited in the above range, and the seam between the to-be-welded portion of the control surface skeleton and the to-be-welded portion of the skin can be better completely welded, so as to avoid the phenomenon of welding impermeability of a part of the to-be-welded region.
S300: placing filling metal in the concave parts on two sides of the bulge, and performing modification welding on the filling metal by adopting laser welding to form a third welding control surface; modification welding is carried out on the protrusions of the third welding control surface by adopting laser welding
In the step, referring to fig. 2, part of liquid metal flows to a seam formed by coordination between a part to be welded of a control surface framework and a part to be welded of a skin, filling metal is placed in the concave parts 3 on two sides of a bulge, the filling metal is subjected to trim welding by adopting laser welding, so that the filling metal is melted, the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the bulge, the self-melting metal loss of a base metal caused by filling the seam is compensated by placing the filling metal, and the concave parts of the secondary welding control surface are eliminated; the laser welding is adopted to carry out modification welding on the bulges 4 of the third welding control surface, so that the metal of the bulges is melted, and melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the bulges, thereby eliminating the bulges of the second welding control surface and being beneficial to eliminating the concave parts of the second welding control surface.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, in step S300, filler metal is placed in the concave portions on both sides of the protrusion for multiple times, and the filler metal is subjected to trim welding by laser welding, and the protrusion of the third welding control surface is subjected to trim welding by laser welding for multiple times, until the welded welding control surface with full, uniform width, uniform appearance and smooth transition of the welded welding seam 5 is obtained. Therefore, the transition between the bulge and the recess of the welding control surface is smooth, uniform and attractive, and the appearance defects of the recess, undercut, arc pit and the like of the control surface generated by the laser welding control surface are eliminated.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, the laser power for performing the finish welding on the filler metal is 400 to 600W, the pulse time for performing the finish welding on the filler metal is 100 to 300 ms, the interval time for performing the finish welding on the filler metal is 400 to 800 ms, and the defocus amount for performing the finish welding on the filler metal is 5 to 20 mm. Therefore, when the filling metal is subjected to modification welding by adopting laser welding, the filling metal can be melted better, and melted liquid metal can fill the pits of the control surface, so that the pits of the control surface generated by the laser welding control surface can be eliminated.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, the laser power of the trim welding for the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 1300 to 1800W, the welding speed of the trim welding for the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 0.02 to 0.05m/S, the pulse time of the trim welding for the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 50 to 200 ms, the interval time of the trim welding for the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 50 to 200 ms, and the defocus amount of the trim welding for the protrusion of the third welding control surface is 20 to 40 mm. Therefore, the raised metal can be melted better, and melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the raised, so that the raised control surface generated by laser welding control surfaces can be eliminated, and the concave control surface generated by laser welding control surfaces can be eliminated.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, the filler metal is a wire metal, so that the amount of the filler metal can be better adjusted according to the size of the recess, thereby better eliminating the recess of the control surface welding area and improving the appearance aesthetic degree of the control surface welding area.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, the amount of the filler metal used for the above-mentioned trim welding is not particularly limited, and the person skilled in the art may adjust the amount of the filler metal according to the size of the recess, if the recess is large, more filler metal may be placed, and if the recess is small, less filler metal may be placed.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S300, the diameter of the wire-shaped metal is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the diameter of the wire-shaped metal is controlled within the above range, so that the amount of the filler metal can be better adjusted according to the size of the recess, thereby better eliminating the recess of the control surface welding area and improving the appearance aesthetic degree of the control surface welding area. If the diameter of the filiform metal is too large, a new hump is easily caused after the filiform metal is used for filling the concave part, so that the working efficiency is greatly reduced, and if the diameter of the filiform metal is too small, the filiform metal is used for filling the concave part, multiple times of filling can be needed, so that the working efficiency is greatly reduced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the above-mentioned wire-shaped metal is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrarily selected by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and as a specific example, the material of the above-mentioned wire-shaped metal may be at least one selected from titanium alloy, alloy steel and stainless steel.
According to the method for welding the control surface by the laser welding, in the process of obtaining the secondary welding control surface by welding, part of liquid metal flows to the joint formed by the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin, so that the secondary welding control surface is sunken; the laser welding is adopted to modify and weld the bulges of the third welding control surface, so that the metal of the bulges is melted, and the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts at the two sides of the bulges, thereby eliminating the bulges of the third welding control surface and being beneficial to eliminating the concave parts of the third welding control surface. Therefore, the appearance defects of control surface recession, undercut, arc pit and the like generated by laser welding the control surface are eliminated, and the welding control surface with full welding seams, consistent width, uniformity, attractive appearance and smooth transition is obtained.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided for the purpose of illustration only and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, all reagents employed in the examples below are commercially available or may be synthesized according to methods herein or known, and are readily available to those skilled in the art for reaction conditions not listed, if not explicitly stated.
Example 1
A method for welding a control surface by laser welding comprises the following steps:
(1) Positioning a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin, and determining a plurality of positioning welding points, wherein the distance between adjacent points of the positioning welding points is 10 millimeters; performing positioning welding on the positioning welding point by adopting laser welding so as to form a primary welding control surface, wherein the laser power of the laser welding is 500W, the pulse time of the laser welding is 200 milliseconds, the defocusing amount of the laser welding is 13 millimeters, and the materials of the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin are titanium alloy;
(2) Welding a seam between a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding so as to completely weld the seam between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin to form a secondary welding control surface, wherein the laser power of the laser welding is 875W, the welding speed of the laser welding is 0.03m/s, and the defocusing amount of the laser welding is +2 mm;
(3) Placing titanium alloy wire-shaped metals in the concave parts on two sides of the bulge of the secondary welding control surface; the diameter of the titanium alloy wire metal is 0.3 millimeter; performing finish welding on the titanium alloy wire-shaped metal by adopting laser welding, so that the titanium alloy wire-shaped metal is melted, the melted liquid titanium alloy metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the bulge to form a three-time welding control surface, the laser power of the finish welding is 500W, the pulse time of the finish welding is 200 ms, the interval time of the finish welding is 600 ms, and the defocusing amount of the finish welding is 13 mm;
(4) And performing modification welding on the protrusions still existing on the third welding control surface by adopting laser welding, so that the metal of the protrusions is melted, the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the protrusions, and the welding of the control surface is finished, wherein the laser power of the modification welding is 1550W, the welding speed of the modification welding is 0.035m/s, the pulse time of the modification welding is 125 milliseconds, the interval time of the modification welding is 125 milliseconds, and the defocusing amount of the modification welding is 30 millimeters.
As shown in figure 3, the welded control surface with full, uniform width, uniform and beautiful appearance and smooth transition of the welded weld joint 5 is finally obtained, and meets the requirements of customers.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of laser welding control surfaces, comprising:
(1) Positioning a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin, determining a positioning welding point, and performing positioning welding on the positioning welding point by adopting laser welding so as to form a primary welding control surface;
(2) Welding a seam between a to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and a to-be-welded part of the skin by adopting laser welding so as to completely weld the seam between the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin to form a secondary welding control surface;
(3) Placing filling metal at the concave parts at two sides of the bulge of the secondary welding control surface, and performing modification welding on the filling metal by adopting laser welding to melt the filling metal, wherein melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts at two sides of the bulge to form a tertiary welding control surface;
performing modification welding on the protrusions of the third welding control surface by adopting laser welding, so that metal of the protrusions is melted, and the melted liquid metal flows to the concave parts on two sides of the protrusions so as to finish welding of the control surface;
the laser power of the modification welding of the filling metal is 400-600W, the pulse time of the modification welding of the filling metal is 100-300 milliseconds, the interval time of the modification welding of the filling metal is 400-800 milliseconds, and the defocusing amount of the modification welding of the filling metal is 5-20 millimeters;
the laser power of the modification welding is 1300-630W for the protrusions of the third welding control surface, the welding speed of the modification welding for the protrusions of the third welding control surface is 0.02-0.05 m/s, the pulse time of the modification welding for the protrusions of the third welding control surface is 50-200 ms, the interval time of the modification welding for the protrusions of the third welding control surface is 50-200 ms, and the defocusing amount of the modification welding for the protrusions of the third welding control surface is 20-40 mm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to locating the portion of the control surface skeleton to be welded and the portion of the skin to be welded, the method further comprises:
and cleaning the to-be-welded part of the control surface framework and the to-be-welded part of the skin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), filler metal is placed in the recesses on both sides of the protrusion a plurality of times, the filler metal is trim welded with laser welding, and the protrusion of the secondary welding control surface is trim welded with laser welding a plurality of times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the distance between adjacent points of the locating weld is 10-15 mm;
and/or, the distances between adjacent points of the positioning welding points are equal.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the laser power of the laser welding is 750-1000 w, the welding speed of the laser welding is 0.02-0.04 m/s, and the defocusing amount of the laser welding is-2 to +2 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the filler metal is a wire-like metal.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the wire-like metal has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5 millimeters;
and/or the material of the wire-shaped metal is selected from at least one of titanium alloy and alloy steel.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the portion to be welded of the control surface skeleton is at least one selected from titanium alloy and alloy steel;
and/or the material of the part to be welded of the skin is at least one selected from titanium alloy and alloy steel.
Priority Applications (1)
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| US4866242A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1989-09-12 | British Shipbuilders | Laser beam welding |
| CN105458506A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Laser welding tool for thin wall complex surface cabin body and molding method |
| CN109533284A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Rudder face frame-covering structure and its manufacture welding method |
| CN111360399A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Laser welding forming method for titanium alloy control surface |
| CN115351420A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-18 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Laser modification welding method |
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| US4866242A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1989-09-12 | British Shipbuilders | Laser beam welding |
| CN105458506A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Laser welding tool for thin wall complex surface cabin body and molding method |
| CN109533284A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-29 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Rudder face frame-covering structure and its manufacture welding method |
| CN111360399A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Laser welding forming method for titanium alloy control surface |
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