CN115792194B - Device and method for evaluating compatibility and air entraining quality of concrete air entraining agent - Google Patents
Device and method for evaluating compatibility and air entraining quality of concrete air entraining agent Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating the compatibility and the air-entraining quality of a concrete air entraining agent, which belong to the technical field of air entraining agent compatibility test and comprise a high-speed stirrer and a data processing center; the high-speed stirrer is a glass container with scales on the outer side, stirring blades are arranged in the glass container and used for stirring and foaming the mixture, a water filling port is arranged on one side above the glass container, an electron microscope is arranged in the middle of the glass container, and image acquisition is carried out on bubbles in the glass container; the data processing center is connected with the electron microscope and is used for processing the bubble image acquired by the electron microscope. The invention can rapidly judge whether the air entraining agent is compatible with other additives and cementing materials and whether the air entraining system is stable, realizes the evaluation of air entraining quality, has universality for various cementing material and additive combinations, saves working time and improves working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating compatibility and air entraining quality of a concrete air entraining agent, and belongs to the technical field of air entraining agent compatibility test.
Background
With the rapid development of high-performance concrete, the construction performance, mechanical properties, durability and the like of the concrete become research focuses in the concrete field. The frost resistance of concrete is one of the most serious problems faced in engineering application of concrete in northern areas of China, and the air entraining agent greatly improves the frost resistance of the concrete by introducing uniform and stable micro bubbles. The air entraining agent can improve the frost resistance of concrete and reduce the bleeding, segregation and other phenomena of concrete.
However, with the continuous improvement of the performance of the concrete by the engineering structure, the air entraining agent, other additives and the cementing material are comprehensively used, and the air entraining agent and the other additives or the cementing material are incompatible. In the construction process, even the cementing materials and the additives which meet the standards are incompatible when concrete is mixed, namely the concrete additives are mixed into the concrete according to the specification, so that the concrete additives cannot have the due effect. The phenomenon of incompatibility is mainly: the concrete air content does not achieve the ideal effect, bleeding, abnormal coagulation of concrete, poor working performance and the like, and the incompatible condition leads to serious engineering accidents and unpredictable economic loss. In addition, the type and the mixing amount of the air entraining agent determine the air entraining quality of the concrete, such as the structure condition of air bubbles in the concrete, the diameter of the air bubbles and the like, so as to influence the air content, tap density, cohesiveness, compressive strength and the like of the concrete. Therefore, the judgment of whether the air entraining agent is compatible with other systems or not and the air entraining quality is important.
At present, test rules are provided for the compatibility of the concrete admixture in the technical specifications of the application of the concrete admixture in China, but the method is only suitable for judging the compatibility of the water reducer and cement, and lacks related test methods and evaluation standards for the compatibility of the concrete air entraining agent, other additives and cementing materials and the air entraining quality.
In summary, the invention provides a device and a method for evaluating the compatibility of a concrete air entraining agent and cement or other additive types aiming at the current domestic lack of a test standard of the compatibility of the concrete air entraining agent, and evaluates the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent through image analysis. Based on the internal concrete air entraining agent compatibility evaluation system of the device, the compatibility of the concrete air entraining agent and cement can be rapidly and accurately judged through a simple field test, and the engineering quality is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the device and the method for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of the concrete air entraining agent, which can rapidly judge whether the air entraining agent is compatible with other additives and cementing materials and whether an air entraining system is stable, realize the evaluation of the air entraining quality, have universality for various cementing materials and additive combinations, save the working time and improve the working efficiency.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of concrete air entraining agent comprises a high-speed stirrer and a data processing center;
The high-speed stirrer is a glass container with scales on the outer side, stirring blades are arranged in the glass container and used for stirring and foaming the mixture, a water injection port is arranged on one side above the glass container, the mixture of water, a cementing material and an additive is injected into the high-speed stirrer through the water injection port, an electron microscope is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the glass container, and the area acquired by image acquisition of bubbles in the glass container and the multiple of the electron microscope can be adjusted according to actual needs;
The data processing center is connected with the electron microscope and can be a computer and used for processing the bubble image acquired by the electron microscope.
Preferably, the data processing center can perform binarization processing on the bubble image through image analysis software, for example, matlab processing can be adopted, the functional function in matlab can enable bubbles and bubble walls in the image to respectively display black and white, the number of bubbles, the area and the perimeter of each bubble (which are the prior art and are not described herein), the circularity of the bubbles is calculated, and the distribution uniformity of the bubbles is analyzed.
Preferably, the glass container has a cylindrical shape, a volume of 2L and a diameter of 15cm.
A method for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of a concrete air entraining agent, comprising the following steps:
(1) The air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected are weighed according to a proportion (the proportion can be recommended by manufacturers and does not influence the implementation of the invention), diluted by water, the volume of the air entraining agent reaches 500ml, 8g of cementing material is added after the air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected are poured into a glass container from a water injection port, and a high-speed stirrer is started for stirring and foaming, wherein the stirring time is 30-40s, and preferably 30s.
(2) Recording the volume V0 of water in the glass container at the initial moment and the total volume V of water and bubbles, selecting a plurality of areas by using an electron microscope to photograph the bubbles at the initial moment to obtain a plurality of images, and judging the compatibility of the air entraining agent in the step (3) if V0/V is less than or equal to 40%; if V0/V is more than 40%, judging that the two parts are incompatible, and performing no subsequent operation;
In the step, when t=0, the volume of water in the container is V0, the total volume of water and bubbles is V, and the volume can be read through scales on a glass container, the invention selects common concrete air entraining agent and other additives, and tests are carried out by using 80 combinations of 5 air entraining agents, 8 additives (water reducing agent, retarder and the like) and 5 cementing materials (silicate cement, aluminate cement, fly ash admixture and the like), and test results show that the ratio of the volume of bubbles to the total volume after foaming of the relatively stable air entraining agent exceeds 60 percent, so that V0/V is used as the first judgment basis for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent, the cementing materials and other additives.
(3) Recording the volume V5 of water in the glass container when t=5 min, wherein DeltaV5=V5-V0, and if DeltaV5 is less than or equal to 350ml, defining compatibility, and continuing to judge the stability of the air entraining agent in the step (4); if DeltaV 5 is more than 350ml, the solution is defined as incompatible, and no subsequent operation is performed;
The foam removing rate of the air bubbles generated after stirring is higher in the first 5 minutes, and the foam removing rate is obviously reduced after the 5 th minute, so that the volume V5 of the water collected in the glass container at the 5 th minute is an important parameter for representing the foam removing rate, is used for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent and cement, and has universality.
According to the 80 combinations, test results show that the difference between the water volume V5 and the water volume V0 of the relatively stable air entraining agent at the 5 th minute is smaller than 350ml, and if the difference is larger than 350ml, the air entraining agent cannot exert a relatively good effect or is incompatible with cementing materials (cement) and other additives, so that the fluidity, workability and pumpability of the concrete are affected, and even segregation, bleeding and other phenomena are caused. Therefore, the parameter DeltaV 5 (DeltaV 5=V5-V0) is used as a second judgment basis for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent with cement and other additives.
(4) Recording the volume V15 of water in the container when t=15 min, wherein DeltaV15=V15-V5, judging that the air entraining system is stable if DeltaV15 is less than or equal to 50ml, and judging the air entraining quality in the step (5); if the delta V15 is more than 50ml, the air entraining system is unstable and no subsequent operation is performed;
According to the defoaming rate of various air entraining agents, the foam generated by the air entraining agents can be kept for 15 minutes, the overall stability is relatively stable, the volume of the foam is almost unchanged after 15 minutes, and according to the early test result, the parameter DeltaV 15 (DeltaV 15=V15-V5) is selected as the judgment basis for evaluating the stability of the air entraining agents, cementing materials (cement) and other additives.
(5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out binarization processing on a plurality of images acquired by an electron microscope, calculating the circularity C and the distribution uniformity N of bubbles for each image, and judging the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent, wherein if the average value of the circularity C in the images is more than or equal to 0.85 and the average value of the distribution uniformity N is less than or equal to 0.25, the air entraining quality is better, and the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent is poorer in all other cases.
Preferably, in the step (5), the circularity C of the bubble refers to the degree to which the geometric shape of the bubble image after binarization processing deviates from a circular shape, and for each image,In the step (2), for example, 3 regions are selected by an electron microscope to photograph the bubble at the initial moment, then the circularity C of the 3 regions needs to be calculated respectively, and the average value of the circularities C in the multiple images is the average value of the circularities C of the 3 calculated regions.
Distribution uniformity N refers to the uniformity of the distribution of air bubbles in the concrete, expressed in terms of the discrete number of air bubbles per unit area, which, for each image,Where N o is the number of bubbles in the selected image and N m is the number of bubbles in each image on average, i.e., the number of bubbles in the plurality of images on average. For example, in step (2), the electron microscope selects 3 regions to photograph the bubbles at the initial time, and then the distribution uniformity N of each region needs to be calculated, and then the distribution uniformity N of the 3 regions is averaged, so as to obtain the average value of the distribution uniformity N.
The circular bubbles are beneficial to uniform stress of the concrete, the phenomenon of stress concentration does not occur, and the strength of the foam concrete can be obviously improved; the smaller the dispersion of the number of the bubbles in the unit area is, the more uniform the bubble distribution is, the less stress weak area is easy to appear when the concrete is stressed, and the better the mechanical property of the concrete is. Experimental results show that bubbles with the carbon content of more than or equal to 0.85 are relatively close to a circle, and bubbles with the carbon content of less than or equal to 0.25 are distributed uniformly, wherein C, N is used as a judgment basis for evaluating the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent.
In summary, the air entraining agent compatibility is rapidly evaluated by the ratio (V0/V) of the volume V0 of water in the glass container to the total volume V of water and bubbles at the initial moment, the change DeltaV 5 (DeltaV 5=V5-V0) of the volume of water in the glass container at t=5 min, and the change DeltaV 15 (DeltaV 15=V15-V5) of the volume of water in the container at t=15 min, and the air entraining quality is evaluated by adopting the average value of the circularity C and the average value of the uniformity N of bubble distribution. The invention sets that if V0/V is less than or equal to 40%, deltaV 5 is less than or equal to 350ml, deltaV 15 is less than or equal to 50ml, the average value of C is more than or equal to 0.85, and the average value of N is less than or equal to 0.25, the air entraining agent is compatible with other additives and cementing materials, and the air entraining quality is better; other conditions are determined to be incompatible with other additives, gelling materials and poor bleed air quality.
Preferably, in the step (2), when the electron microscope photographs a plurality of areas, the magnification is the same, the area of the selected areas is the same, the area of each area is preferably 50-80mm 2, and the number of the selected areas is preferably 3.
Preferably, before step (1), preparation work is also required, including checking the line, turning on the high-speed stirrer, and checking the operation state of the electron microscope.
Preferably, in step (1), the high speed stirrer is rotated at a speed of 2000 to 5000 rpm.
Preferably, the test temperature is 20.+ -. 2 ℃ and the optimum temperature is 20 ℃.
The present invention is not limited to the details of the prior art.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention provides an evaluation device and a method for judging the compatibility and stability of an air entraining agent, a cementing material and other additives and the air entraining quality, wherein the device has scientific principle and simple operation and can quickly determine the air entraining effect of the air entraining agent;
The invention adopts the electron microscope to collect images, obtains the circularity and the distribution uniformity of the bleed air system through software processing, gives an evaluation method of the bleed air quality, and realizes the evaluation of the bleed air quality;
The method is suitable for evaluating the compatibility of various types of cement, various types of air entraining agents and air entraining agents with other types of additives, and has a wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of the concrete air entraining agent;
FIG. 2 is a plot of volume of water in a glass container versus time t;
In the figure: 1-high-speed stirrer, 2-scale, 3-stirring blade, 4-water filling port and 5-electron microscope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not fully described and is according to the conventional technology in the art.
Example 1:
an apparatus for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of concrete air entraining agent, as shown in figure 1, comprises a high-speed stirrer 1 and a data processing center;
The high-speed stirrer 1 is a glass container with scales 2 on the outer side, a stirring blade 3 is arranged in the glass container for stirring and foaming the mixture, a water filling port 4 is arranged on one side above the glass container, the mixture of water, cementing material and additive is injected into the high-speed stirrer through the water filling port 4, an electron microscope 5 is arranged in the middle of the upper part of the glass container, and the region acquired by image acquisition of bubbles in the glass container and the multiple of the electron microscope can be adjusted according to actual needs;
The data processing center is connected with the electron microscope 5, and can be a computer for processing the bubble image acquired by the electron microscope.
The data processing center can carry out binarization processing on the bubble image through image analysis software, for example, matlab processing can be adopted, the functional function in the matlab can enable bubbles and bubble walls in the image to respectively show black and white, the number of bubbles, the area and the perimeter of each bubble can be counted (the number, the area and the perimeter of the bubbles are all of the existing mature technology and are not repeated here), the circularity of the bubbles is calculated, and the distribution uniformity of the bubbles is analyzed.
The glass vessel was cylindrical, had a volume of 2L and a diameter of 15cm.
Example 2:
a method for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of a concrete air entraining agent, comprising the following steps:
(1) The air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected are weighed according to a proportion (the proportion can be recommended by manufacturers and does not influence the implementation of the invention), diluted by water, the volume of the air entraining agent reaches 500ml, 8g of cementing material is added after the air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected are poured into a glass container from a water injection port, and a high-speed stirrer is started for stirring and foaming, wherein the stirring time is 30s.
(2) Recording the volume V0 of water in the glass container at the initial moment and the total volume V of water and bubbles, selecting 3 areas by using an electron microscope to photograph the bubbles at the initial moment to obtain a plurality of images, and judging the compatibility of the air entraining agent in the step (3) if V0/V is less than or equal to 40%; if V0/V is more than 40%, judging that the two parts are incompatible, and performing no subsequent operation;
In the step, when t=0, the volume of water in the container is V0, the total volume of water and bubbles is V, and the volume can be read through scales on a glass container, the invention selects common concrete air entraining agent and other additives, and tests are carried out by using 80 combinations of 5 air entraining agents, 8 additives (water reducing agent, retarder and the like) and 5 cementing materials (silicate cement, aluminate cement, fly ash admixture and the like), and test results show that the ratio of the volume of bubbles to the total volume after foaming of the relatively stable air entraining agent exceeds 60 percent, so that V0/V is used as the first judgment basis for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent, the cementing materials and other additives.
(3) Recording the volume V5 of water in the glass container when t=5 min, wherein DeltaV5=V5-V0, and if DeltaV5 is less than or equal to 350ml, defining compatibility, and continuing to judge the stability of the air entraining agent in the step (4); if DeltaV 5 is more than 350ml, the solution is defined as incompatible, and no subsequent operation is performed;
The bubble produced after stirring has higher defoaming rate in the first 5 minutes, the defoaming rate obviously decreases after 5 minutes, and the relation diagram of the volume of water in the container and the time t is shown in fig. 2, so that the volume V5 of water collected in the glass container at 5 minutes is an important parameter for representing the defoaming rate, is used for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent and cement, and has universality.
According to the 80 combinations, test results show that the difference between the water volume V5 and the water volume V0 of the relatively stable air entraining agent at the 5 th minute is smaller than 350ml, and if the difference is larger than 350ml, the air entraining agent cannot exert a relatively good effect or is incompatible with cementing materials (cement) and other additives, so that the fluidity, workability and pumpability of the concrete are affected, and even segregation, bleeding and other phenomena are caused. Therefore, the parameter DeltaV 5 (DeltaV 5=V5-V0) is used as a second judgment basis for evaluating the compatibility of the air entraining agent with cement and other additives.
(4) Recording the volume V15 of water in the container when t=15 min, wherein DeltaV15=V15-V5, judging that the air entraining system is stable if DeltaV15 is less than or equal to 50ml, and judging the air entraining quality in the step (5); if the delta V15 is more than 50ml, the air entraining system is unstable and no subsequent operation is performed;
According to the defoaming rate of various air entraining agents, it was found that some air entraining agents produced foam which remained stable for 15 minutes as a whole and after 15 minutes the foam volume remained almost unchanged, as shown in figure 2. According to the result of the early test, the parameter DeltaV 15 (DeltaV 15=V15-V5) is selected as the judgment basis for evaluating the stability of the air entraining agent, the cementing material (cement) and other additives.
(5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out binarization processing on a plurality of images acquired by an electron microscope, calculating the circularity C and the distribution uniformity N of bubbles for each image, and judging the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent, wherein if the average value of the circularity C in the images is more than or equal to 0.85 and the average value of the distribution uniformity N is less than or equal to 0.25, the air entraining quality is better, and the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent is poorer in all other cases.
Example 3:
A method of assessing the compatibility and bleed air quality of a concrete bleed air agent, as described in example 2, except that in step (5) the circularity C of the air bubble refers to the degree to which the geometry of the image of the air bubble after binarization treatment deviates from circular, for each image, S is the area of the bubble, L is the perimeter of the bubble, the larger the C value is, the more the bubble shape deviates from a circle, 3 areas are selected for calculation to avoid accidental, the circularity C of the 3 areas is required to be calculated respectively, and the average value of the circularities C in the images is the average value of the calculated circularities C of the 3 areas.
Distribution uniformity N refers to the uniformity of the distribution of air bubbles in the concrete, expressed in terms of the discrete number of air bubbles per unit area, which, for each image,Wherein N o is the number of bubbles in the selected image, N m is the average number of bubbles in each image, namely the average number of bubbles in 3 images, the distribution uniformity N of each region needs to be calculated during calculation, and then the distribution uniformity N of 3 regions is averaged to obtain the average value of the distribution uniformity N.
The circular bubbles are beneficial to uniform stress of the concrete, the phenomenon of stress concentration does not occur, and the strength of the foam concrete can be obviously improved; the smaller the dispersion of the number of the bubbles in the unit area is, the more uniform the bubble distribution is, the less stress weak area is easy to appear when the concrete is stressed, and the better the mechanical property of the concrete is. Experimental results show that bubbles with the carbon content of more than or equal to 0.85 are relatively close to a circle, and bubbles with the carbon content of less than or equal to 0.25 are distributed uniformly, wherein C, N is used as a judgment basis for evaluating the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent.
In summary, the air entraining agent compatibility is rapidly evaluated by the ratio (V0/V) of the volume V0 of water in the glass container to the total volume V of water and bubbles at the initial moment, the change DeltaV 5 (DeltaV 5=V5-V0) of the volume of water in the glass container at t=5 min, and the change DeltaV 15 (DeltaV 15=V15-V5) of the volume of water in the container at t=15 min, and the air entraining quality is evaluated by adopting the average value of the circularity C and the average value of the uniformity N of bubble distribution. The invention sets that if V0/V is less than or equal to 40%, deltaV 5 is less than or equal to 350ml, deltaV 15 is less than or equal to 50ml, the average value of C is more than or equal to 0.85, and the average value of N is less than or equal to 0.25, the air entraining agent is compatible with other additives and cementing materials, and the air entraining quality is better; other conditions are determined to be incompatible with other additives, gelling materials and poor bleed air quality.
Example 4:
a method of assessing the compatibility and bleed quality of concrete bleed agent, as described in example 3, except that the electron microscope was used to photograph 3 areas, the magnification was the same, and the area of each selected area was 50mm 2.
Example 5:
a method of assessing the compatibility and quality of bleed air in concrete, as described in example 2, except that prior to step (1) preparation is also required, including checking the line, turning on the high speed mixer, checking the operating condition of the electron microscope.
In the step (1), the rotation speed of the high-speed stirrer is 2000-5000 rpm, and the optimal temperature for the test is 20 ℃.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of a concrete air entraining agent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing the air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected in proportion, diluting with water to enable the air entraining agent to reach the volume of 500ml, pouring the air entraining agent and the additive with compatibility to be detected into a glass container from a water injection port, adding 8g of cementing material, and starting a high-speed stirrer to stir and foam for 30-40s;
(2) Recording the volume V0 of water in the glass container at the initial moment and the total volume V of water and bubbles, selecting a plurality of areas by using an electron microscope to photograph the bubbles at the initial moment to obtain a plurality of images, and judging the compatibility of the air entraining agent in the step (3) if V0/V is less than or equal to 40%; if V0/V is more than 40%, judging that the two parts are incompatible, and performing no subsequent operation;
(3) Recording the volume V5 of water in the container when t=5 min, wherein DeltaV5=V5-V0, and if DeltaV5 is less than or equal to 350ml, defining compatibility, and continuing to judge the stability of the air entraining agent in the step (4); if DeltaV 5 is more than 350ml, the solution is defined as incompatible, and no subsequent operation is performed;
(4) Recording the volume V15 of water in the glass container when t=15 min, wherein DeltaV15=V15-V5, judging that the air entraining system is stable if DeltaV15 is less than or equal to 50ml, and judging the air entraining quality in the step (5); if the delta V15 is more than 50ml, the air entraining system is unstable and no subsequent operation is performed;
(5) Performing binarization processing on a plurality of images acquired by an electron microscope, calculating the circularity C and the distribution uniformity N of bubbles for each image, and judging that the air entraining quality is good if the average value of the circularities C in the images is more than or equal to 0.85 and the average value of the distribution uniformity N is less than or equal to 0.25 and judging that the air entraining quality of the air entraining agent is poor in other cases;
In the step (5), the circularity C of the bubble means a degree to which the geometric shape of the bubble image after binarization processing deviates from a circular shape, and for each image, Wherein S is the area of the bubble, L is the perimeter of the bubble;
Distribution uniformity N refers to the uniformity of the distribution of air bubbles in the concrete, expressed in terms of the discrete number of air bubbles per unit area, which, for each image, Where N o is the number of bubbles in the selected image and N m is the number of bubbles in each image on average, i.e., the number of bubbles in the plurality of images on average.
2. The method for evaluating the compatibility and the air entraining quality of the concrete air entraining agent according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the electron microscope photographs a plurality of areas, the magnification is the same, the selected areas are the same, and each area is 50-80mm 2.
3. Method for evaluating the compatibility and the quality of bleed air of concrete air entraining agents according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of selected zones is 3.
4. A method of evaluating the compatibility and quality of air entraining for concrete according to claim 3 wherein prior to step (1) preparation is also required including checking the line, turning on the high speed mixer and checking the operating state of the electron microscope.
5. The method for evaluating the compatibility of a concrete air entraining agent with air entraining mass according to claim 4 wherein in step (1) the high speed stirrer speed is 2000 to 5000 rpm.
6. The method of evaluating the compatibility of a concrete air entraining agent with air entraining mass according to claim 5 wherein the test temperature is 20±2 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
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