CN115740496A - Part additive manufacturing method and device - Google Patents
Part additive manufacturing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115740496A CN115740496A CN202211448636.3A CN202211448636A CN115740496A CN 115740496 A CN115740496 A CN 115740496A CN 202211448636 A CN202211448636 A CN 202211448636A CN 115740496 A CN115740496 A CN 115740496A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a part additive manufacturing method and equipment, relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems that the consumption of materials is large, the strength and structural stability of parts are poor, and the parts are not easy to form in the printing process of the existing parts with circular protruded surfaces. A method of additive manufacturing of a part, comprising: acquiring a three-dimensional model of a part; determining a forming direction of the part according to the three-dimensional model; determining a circular emerging surface of the part according to the forming direction; constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain a machining model of the part; printing the part based on the machining model to obtain a printed part; and processing the printed part to obtain the part. The part additive manufacturing method and the part additive manufacturing equipment are used for additive manufacturing of parts with circular protruding surfaces, structural strength and structural stability of the parts are improved, and consumption of consumables is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a part additive manufacturing method and device.
Background
The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is based on the basic idea of rapid forming, namely, an additive manufacturing method of layer-by-layer cladding, according to a three-dimensional model of a part, the model is sliced and layered according to a certain thickness, that is, three-dimensional shape information of the part is converted into a series of two-dimensional profile information, and then metal powder is melted by laser through array mirror control under the control of a numerical control system, so as to directly form the part with a specific geometric shape. The metal powder is completely melted during the forming process, a metallurgical bond is generated, and the method is the latest development of the rapid forming 3D printing technology. The formed part has good compactness, can form high-precision complex special-shaped metal parts, and has the characteristics of high dimensional precision, good surface quality, high compactness, high structure performance and the like.
When the metal component is formed by selective laser melting, support is required to be added. The support styles most commonly used today are primarily block supports, which can clearly distinguish between a formed part and a support, and which are generally weaker than the formed part and can be easily removed during subsequent processing. However, in the practical use process, the difficulty of cleaning the metal powder in the massive support is high, the required time is long, for a part with a large-area circular emergent surface, the massive support with a large area is needed, the material consumption is high, and if the massive support is used, the strength of the part is low, the structural stability is poor, and the part is not easy to form.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a part additive manufacturing method and equipment, which are used for solving the problems that the consumption of materials is large, the strength and the structural stability of parts are poor and the parts are not easy to form in the printing process of the existing parts with circular protruded surfaces.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method of additive manufacturing of a part, comprising:
acquiring a three-dimensional model of a part;
determining a forming direction of the part according to the three-dimensional model;
determining a circular emerging surface of the part according to the forming direction;
constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain a machining model of the part;
printing the part based on the machining model, and forming to obtain a printed part;
and processing the printed part to obtain the part.
Compared with the prior art, the part additive manufacturing method provided by the invention has the advantages that the forming direction of the part is determined according to the obtained three-dimensional model of the part; determining a circular emergence surface of the part according to the forming direction; constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain a machining model of the part; printing the part based on the machining model, and forming to obtain a printed piece; and processing the printed piece to obtain the part. The plurality of annular supporting structures are uniformly distributed on the circular emergent surface and are fully distributed on the whole circular emergent surface, so that the strength of parts is ensured, the structural stability is improved, meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular supporting structures effectively reduces the material consumption, reduces the manufacturing cost of the parts, reduces the printing time, and has small contact area with the substrate and the parts, easy removal and shortened manufacturing period; in addition, because intervals exist among the annular structures in the part forming process, the powder stacking condition cannot occur, and the part forming difficulty is reduced.
The invention also provides a part additive manufacturing device comprising a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor; the processor is used for running a computer program or instructions to implement the part additive manufacturing method.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the part additive manufacturing equipment provided by the invention are the same as the beneficial effects of the part additive manufacturing method in the technical scheme, and the details are not repeated here.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for additive manufacturing of a part according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part structure having a circular protruded surface according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the forming direction of the part provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of components for constructing an annular support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a hollow portion of a ring-shaped supporting structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a part provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a component additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-circular emergence surface, 2-circular bottom surface, 3-annular supporting structure and 4-window-shaped structure.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate clear description of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used for distinguishing different thresholds, and the sequence order of the thresholds is not limited. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order or importance.
It is to be understood that the terms "exemplary" or "such as" are used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "such as" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a and b combination, a and c combination, b and c combination, or a, b and c combination, wherein a, b and c can be single or multiple.
More and more special-shaped parts are manufactured and formed through a selective laser melting forming technology, however, the existing additive manufacturing method for parts with large-area emergent surfaces is often manufactured by adding block supports, powder accumulation is easy to happen in the method, the block supports are higher than a printing surface, printing failure of the parts is caused, and deformation and cracking are easy to occur due to stress accumulation.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a part additive manufacturing method and device, which are used for printing and forming a part with a circular protruded surface, and the part additive manufacturing method is applied to a selective laser melting and forming system, which includes a printing device, and the part additive manufacturing method provided by the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a part additive manufacturing method provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 101: and acquiring a three-dimensional model of the part.
A three-dimensional model of the part is constructed in three-dimensional software based on the actual dimensions of the part. The three-dimensional software may be UG, pro/engineer, etc. The three-dimensional software may be selected according to actual needs, and is only for illustration and is not limited specifically.
A three-dimensional model of the part shown in fig. 2 is constructed by three-dimensional software, and the part in fig. 2 is a part with a circular emergence surface 1.
Step 102: and determining the forming direction of the part according to the three-dimensional model.
The forming direction of the part is the direction of the build-up as deposited during the forming process. The forming direction is based on the principles of low printing height, less support and short forming time. The forming direction is selected according to the structural characteristics of the part as shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the part has two coaxial cylinders, one large cylinder and one small cylinder, four cuboids are arranged above the larger cylinder, and when the forming direction shown in fig. 3 is selected for printing the part, only the part of the circular protruded surface 1 of the larger cylinder is not supported, and the rest structures are supported, so that only the part corresponding to the circular protruded surface 1 needs to be supported, and the printing height of the part in the forming direction in fig. 3 is the lowest.
Step 103: determining a circular relief surface of the part based on the forming direction.
The circular emergent surface is a circular suspended surface. Referring to fig. 2, the circular protruded surface 1 of the part can be determined according to the forming direction determined in fig. 3, and although the circular bottom surface 2 is also a circular surface, it can be seen from the forming direction that the circular bottom surface 2 is not a suspended surface as the bottom of the whole part contacts with the substrate in the forming process of the part, and thus the circular bottom surface 2 is not a circular protruded surface.
Step 104: and constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain the machining model of the part.
As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of annular support structures 3 are sequentially built in a radial direction of the circular emergence surface from an outer edge of the circular emergence surface. The plurality of annular support structures 3 are adapted to provide support to a corresponding structure of the circular emergence surface of the part, so that the height of the annular support structures 3 is the same as the distance of the circular emergence surface from the bottom of the part.
Specifically, in the same part manufacturing process, the thickness of each constructed annular support structure 3 should be the same, the thickness selection range of the annular support structures 3 may be 1-3mm, and the distance between two adjacent annular support structures 3 may be 1-6mm.
As an alternative, each annular supporting structure is uniformly provided with a hollow-out part.
The hollow-out portions arranged on each annular supporting structure can reduce the weight of the annular supporting structure 3, save materials and reduce stress concentration.
As an alternative, the hollow-out part may be a window-shaped structure 4 as shown in fig. 5, the highest point of the window-shaped structure 4 is 5mm from the circular projection surface of the part, and the window width of the window-shaped structure 4 is 20mm. The window upper bevel angle is 50 deg.. The distance between each window-shaped structure 4 is 15mm.
Setting the hollowed-out portion as the window-shaped structure 4 can minimize the remaining solid of the annular support structure, and can ensure the support strength of the annular support structure at the same time. In addition, the hollow-out part is set to be in the shape of the window-shaped structure 4, so that the hollow-out part can be prevented from being additionally provided with support. It is understood that the hollow portion may also be in various forms, such as a circle, a diamond, an arch, etc., as required, and this is only for illustration and is not limited specifically.
As an optional mode, the printing the part based on the machining model, and forming to obtain a printed product, before further including:
building a fillet structure between each annular support structure and the part in the three-dimensional model.
Referring to fig. 6, the fillet structure 5 is arranged between the annular supporting structure 3 and the circular protruded surface 1 of the part, except that a fillet structure 5 is arranged between the outermost annular supporting structure 3 and the part, two fillet structures 5 are arranged between other annular supporting structures 3 and the part, the fillet structures are also annular structures, and the radius of the circular part of each fillet structure 5 is half of the distance between two adjacent annular supporting structures 3. The arrangement of the fillet structure 5 can reduce stress concentration, and avoid cracking of the contact part of the circular emergent surface 1 of the part and the annular supporting structure 3.
Step 105: and printing the part based on the machining model to obtain a printed part.
When printing, the processing model of the part is exported to an SLT format file, and when the file is exported, the triangle tolerance and the adjacent tolerance are both set to be 0.0025mm. And then, slicing the machining model of the part, guiding the part into printing equipment, and printing according to the forming direction to obtain a printed product. A plurality of annular support structures are formed with the part during printing.
Step 106: and processing the printed piece to obtain the part.
As an optional mode, the processing the printed product to obtain the part includes:
and cutting the annular supporting structures to obtain the part.
The part additive manufacturing method is applied to a laser selective melting forming system with printing equipment, and during specific implementation, UG (user generated) and/or Pro (Pro)/engineer and other modeling software is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of a part in the part forming process; then determining the forming direction according to the principles of low printing height and less support; opening a three-dimensional model of a part in magics software, setting a supporting angle of 45 degrees, determining a circular emergent surface and a supporting area, constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures, constructing a fillet structure, and simultaneously arranging hollow parts of window-shaped structures at equal intervals in each annular supporting structure; and then exporting the constructed machining model in an SLT format, slicing, importing the machining model into equipment, printing and finishing the manufacture of the part.
According to the part additive manufacturing method and the specific implementation process, the part additive manufacturing method ensures the strength of the part and improves the structural stability by uniformly distributing the plurality of constructed annular supporting structures on the circular emergent surface and fully distributing the whole circular emergent surface, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular supporting structures effectively reduces the material consumption, reduces the manufacturing cost of the part and reduces the printing time; in addition, because intervals exist among the annular structures in the part forming process, the powder stacking condition cannot occur, and the part forming difficulty is reduced.
Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a part additive manufacturing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in a case where a corresponding integrated unit is used. As shown in fig. 7, the part additive manufacturing apparatus includes: a communication unit and a processing unit.
A communication unit/communication interface for obtaining a three-dimensional model of a part;
a processing unit/processor for determining a forming direction of the part from the three-dimensional model;
determining a circular emerging surface of the part according to the forming direction;
constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain a machining model of the part;
printing the part based on the machining model to obtain a printed part;
and processing the printed piece to obtain the part.
The part additive manufacturing equipment is built on printing equipment for use, and meanwhile, the part additive manufacturing equipment provided by the invention corresponds to the part additive manufacturing method and acts on the printing equipment.
As shown in fig. 7, the processor may be a general-purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs according to the present invention. The number of the communication interfaces may be one or more. The communication interface may use any transceiver or the like for communicating with other devices or communication networks.
As shown in fig. 7, the terminal device may further include a communication line. The communication link may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the terminal device may further include a memory. The memory is used for storing computer-executable instructions for implementing the inventive arrangements and is controlled by the processor for execution. The processor is used for executing the computer execution instructions stored in the memory, thereby realizing the method provided by the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the memory may be, but is not limited to, a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact-disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. The memory may be separate and coupled to the processor via a communication link. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.
Optionally, the computer execution instruction in the embodiment of the present invention may also be referred to as an application program code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
In one implementation, as shown in FIG. 7, a processor may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 of FIG. 7, for example.
In one implementation, as shown in fig. 7, a terminal device may include a plurality of processors, such as the processor in fig. 7, for example. Each of these processors may be a single core processor or a multi-core processor.
In the above embodiments, all or part of the implementation may be realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the procedures or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal, a user device, or other programmable apparatus. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wire or wirelessly. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that integrates one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; or optical media such as Digital Video Disks (DVDs); it may also be a semiconductor medium, such as a Solid State Drive (SSD).
While the invention has been described in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a review of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
While the invention has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be evident that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are merely illustrative of the invention as defined by the appended claims and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method of additive manufacturing of a part, comprising:
acquiring a three-dimensional model of a part;
determining a forming direction of the part according to the three-dimensional model;
determining a circular emerging surface of the part according to the forming direction;
constructing a plurality of annular supporting structures at equal intervals in the three-dimensional model along the radial direction of the circular emergent surface to obtain a machining model of the part;
printing the part based on the machining model to obtain a printed part;
and processing the printed part to obtain the part.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said printing the part based on the machining model, the forming resulting in a print, further comprising:
building a fillet structure between each of the annular support structures and the part in the three-dimensional model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the radius of the fillet structure is half of the distance between two adjacent annular support structures.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each of said annular support structures is uniformly provided with hollows.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hollowed-out portion is a window structure, the highest point of the window structure is 5mm from the part, and the window width of the window structure is 20mm.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the distance between two adjacent window structures is 15mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the annular support structure is in the range of 1-3mm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein adjacent two of the annular support structures are spaced apart by a distance in the range of 1-6mm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing the print to obtain the part comprises:
and cutting the annular supporting structures to obtain the part.
10. An apparatus for additive manufacturing of a part, comprising: a processor and a processor-coupled communication interface; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to implement a method of additive manufacturing of a part as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202211448636.3A CN115740496A (en) | 2022-11-18 | 2022-11-18 | Part additive manufacturing method and device |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498943A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏永年激光成形技术有限公司 | Nuclear heavy blank molding process and LCD-EBAM integrated printing equipment |
| CN108907190A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-30 | 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing increasing material manufacturing method of bowl-type thin-walled parts |
| US20190217529A1 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-07-18 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a mechatronic system by three-dimensional printing |
| CN113145860A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-23 | 长安大学 | Method, system, equipment and storage medium for manufacturing and preparing parts in additive manufacturing mode |
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2022
- 2022-11-18 CN CN202211448636.3A patent/CN115740496A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498943A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏永年激光成形技术有限公司 | Nuclear heavy blank molding process and LCD-EBAM integrated printing equipment |
| US20190217529A1 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-07-18 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a mechatronic system by three-dimensional printing |
| CN108907190A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-30 | 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing increasing material manufacturing method of bowl-type thin-walled parts |
| CN113145860A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-23 | 长安大学 | Method, system, equipment and storage medium for manufacturing and preparing parts in additive manufacturing mode |
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