CN115716417A - Electromechanical direct drive system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromechanical direct drive system, and particularly relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles. The invention improves the prior design, and the engine is always at the highest efficiency point of the running rotating speed by utilizing an electromechanical direct drive system through electric regulation; the excitation direct-current generator and the excitation direct-current driver maintain the highest comprehensive efficiency of about 95 percent through the adjustment of excitation current; the peak power is greatly expanded by utilizing the super capacitor; the rated operating power is provided by the engine main supply or by assistance from other energy sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an electromechanical direct drive system.
Background
The automobile performance is daily applied, mainly embodied by peak power, the peak power is improved, the engine power is improved or the battery performance and capacity are improved by a traditional method, the cost consumption is huge, and the market positioning of the automobile can be almost determined. The fuel automobile has most of energy consumption generated by an engine, and data shows that the engine loss of the fuel automobile is as high as 81 percent when the fuel automobile runs in an urban area, the engine loss of a smooth road in a suburb is as high as 74 percent, and the engine efficiency is as high as more than 40 percent, which particularly shows the importance of the engine running at the highest efficiency point, and the promotion space is very large. The loss of the gearbox accounts for 5.5 percent, and the output power which is effectively utilized is over ten percent. The output power of the engine is fully utilized to the utmost extent, the driving mileage can be increased, if the engine is ensured to be at the highest efficiency at any time and in the same stroke, half less fuel oil is consumed, and the pollution is reduced. At present, the CVT gearbox is used with the highest fuel efficiency, and the transmission transformation ratio is not more than ten times; the electromechanical direct drive system is equivalent to the ratio of exciting current, and the transmission transformation ratio is infinitely continuously adjustable; meanwhile, the CVT is mechanically adjusted, the transformation ratio needs time, and the adjustment is different from the adjustment of the exciting current by several orders of magnitude.
Therefore, an electromechanical direct drive system needs to be designed to replace a gearbox, so that efficiency points of the engine at different rotating speeds are guaranteed, the engine is ensured to work at high efficiency points, and the automobile mileage is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an electromechanical direct drive system to ensure efficiency points of an engine at different rotating speeds, ensure that the engine works at the high efficiency points and improve the driving mileage of an automobile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps: an engine; a power generation module (such as an excitation direct current generator); an electric drive module (such as an excitation direct current drive motor); a peak power energy storage module (super capacitor, or high rate discharge rechargeable battery, etc.); a discharge module; a charging module and other secondary circuits such as a detection operation circuit excitation circuit. The engine is connected with the excitation direct current generator and provides mechanical energy for the excitation direct current generator; the super capacitor provides peak power output and energy recovery functions and standby energy storage for the electromechanical direct drive system. The excitation direct current generator adjusts the excitation current to further determine the torque, so that the engine has unique torque and unique power output at a specific rotating speed, and the engine is guaranteed to operate at the highest efficiency point at any power at any time. The excitation direct current driving motor adjusts the excitation current according to different torques required by different conditions, and determines that the operating current is in the range of the design requirement. At any moment, the rotating speed of the engine is constant, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current generator is constant, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor is constant, and the exciting direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor are consistent in current and power, so that the rotating speed ratio (transmission ratio) of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor and the excitation current ratio are in a specific inverse proportion relation. At any moment, the external output power of the electromechanical direct drive system is a specific value, the output power of the engine is adjusted to correspond to the specific value, the rotating speed of the engine is fixed, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor is fixed, the excitation current of the excitation direct current driving motor is given in proportion, and the engine is located at the highest efficiency point of power output. Of course, the exciting current ratio is maintained, and the exciting current is adjusted, so that the exciting direct current generator and the exciting direct current driving motor can also run at the highest comprehensive efficiency.
The electromechanical direct-drive system can be used for oil-electricity pure electric drive, fuel oil pure electric drive, electromechanical pure electric drive, engine pure electric drive and the like. The main source of system energy is engine production; the engine generates electric energy through the excitation direct current generator, an energy storage link is avoided, and the excitation direct current driving motor is directly utilized and converted into required mechanical energy.
If the electromechanical direct drive system only simulates the automatic gearbox, the super capacitor is not needed. Even data collection and data processing are not needed, and the transformation ratio can be set to be large by how many gears are needed, and only the sizes of exciting currents of the exciting direct-current generator and the exciting direct-current driving motor are needed to be adjusted to form corresponding ratios. The speed regulation mode is the same as that of a manual transmission, and the speed regulation mode is low-speed, low-gear, high-speed and high-gear. The device has the advantages of more excellent and reliable performance, more energy conservation, simple structure and lower cost. In this case, the best effect that can be achieved by the direct electromechanical drive system is far from being reflected.
The three cores pursue: the electromechanical direct drive system enables the engine to be always at the highest efficiency point of the running rotating speed through electric regulation. The excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driver maintain the highest comprehensive efficiency of about 95 percent through the adjustment of the excitation current. The peak power is greatly expanded by utilizing the super capacitor; the rated operating power is provided by the engine main supply or by assistance from other energy sources.
The electrically adjustable speed far exceeds the mechanically adjustable speed, which is the key to ensure that the engine always runs efficiently and is the reason why pure electric drive is selected. The engine runs at no load, from the lowest speed to the highest speed, for a minimum time of not more than 0.1 seconds, whereas for the circuit, for the semiconductor switching elements, 10kHz is not more than low frequency. If the peak rotating speed of the engine is 100 revolutions per second, the combustion period is completed once every revolution of the engine, and the engine can be adjusted 100 times in a targeted way, so that the engine can be operated at the highest efficiency point in time even if the engine power is changed by 100 watts and is less than one thousandth of the peak power of the engine. In terms of engine characteristics, the output power varies, the power varies by 1%, and the efficiency does not vary by more than 2%. Compared with the circuit regulation, the speed of the mechanical gearbox is far higher than the power change speed of the engine, so that the speed of the mechanical gearbox is far lower than the power regulation speed of the engine, otherwise, the problem of high rotating speed of the accelerator engine cannot be solved. It is known that this loss is extremely high, the engine is already running at full load, and the output power is almost at its initial state. In order to operate the engine always with high efficiency, the current technology needs to avoid mechanical actions to adjust the required speed. The electromechanical direct drive system can be used for timely calling any gear, and the gear shifting frequency is high.
The automobile runs stably at a constant speed, the rotating speed of an engine is constant, and the running power of the engine is constant; however, at this speed, the peak power available is much more than several times the operating power at the moment, and the highest efficiency point of the engine is often at peak power. Mechanical governing has to lose engine efficiency, which is a function of engine characteristics. The highest efficiency point of the engine at a specific rotating speed is almost the maximum torque of the engine at the rotating speed, mechanical speed regulation cannot be timely adjusted and responded, and the engine is stopped. The electromechanical direct drive system can enable the engine to always operate at an efficiency point, greatly reduce oil consumption and have very obvious energy-saving effect.
The efficiency of the engine is lower during the mechanical speed changing and accelerating process of the automobile. Compared with an electromechanical direct drive system, the engine can be always at an efficiency point, the efficiency difference between the engine and the electromechanical direct drive system is multiplied, and the difference is equal to the oil consumption difference multiplied. The automobile slides freely with gears, but the mechanical speed change at high speed plays a role in blocking, and on the contrary, the oil consumption of the engine is not little; compared with an electromechanical direct drive system, the automobile has higher sliding speed, and the idling output power of the engine can also play an effective driving role on the automobile. In conclusion, the energy-saving effect is particularly embodied as long as the speed of the automobile is changed.
When the automobile runs down a slope, the engine has a deceleration effect on the gear instead because the mechanical transmission ratio is limited. The current transformation ratio of the magnet exciting coil is infinite, so that the energy can still be effectively transferred to the automobile drive even if the output power of the engine is low and the lowest power is output at idle speed under the condition that the automobile runs at any speed. The safety problem of deceleration is not needed to be worried about, the speed is fast, the brake is carried out, the energy recovery or release is easier, the brake block can be well protected, and the brake block is safer and more reliable.
The method comprises the steps that the super capacitor is switched into super capacitor discharging, mainly used in an acceleration stage, a target value of the rotating speed of a direct current driving motor needing excitation is given, the rotating speed of the direct current driving motor needing excitation is constant, the exciting current is constant, a voltage value exists at the moment, the super capacitor adjusts the voltage through a discharging module to enable the voltage to be consistent with the exciting direct current driving motor, the super capacitor is connected, and the current is 0 at the moment; and the output voltage of the discharge module is increased, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor is rapidly increased until the rotating speed is stabilized at a target speed, then the power output of the engine is rapidly increased to be consistent with the output power of the super capacitor, and the power output is switched to the power generation output power to drive the excitation direct current driving motor.
The pure electric drive automobile aims to ensure that a motor is always in extremely high efficiency, and the key is to change magnetic flux. The excitation current is adjusted, the response is sensitive and quick, the maintenance is avoided, and the failure rate is low. The current new energy vehicles relate to alternating current motors and permanent magnet motors, excitation design and excitation current regulation are not involved, so that the peak efficiency of the motor is up to 98%, but the average efficiency of the whole working interval is about 80%. The need for protection is complete, and the average efficiency of the motor in the whole working range can be up to more than 95% by adjusting the exciting current, and the driving mileage is increased by about 20%. The electromechanical direct drive system is more critical, the efficiency of the generator and the driving motor is multiplied, and if the exciting current is not adjusted, the average efficiency can be as low as 64 percent, which is very unfortunately. The technology is mature, and only the permanent magnet position needs to be replaced by the electromagnet, and the main coil or the exciting coil is added with a conductive slip ring or a commutator.
The switching element is not limited to a semiconductor, a contactor of a primary circuit, a relay of a secondary circuit, or the like, and has a mechanical action but aims to adjust a circuit, and the mechanical action is avoided by circuit adjustment, so that the maximum efficiency point of the engine at different rotation speeds is satisfied in the shortest time. The method comprises the modes of adding an intermediate circuit, adding a transformer and the like, and still aims to avoid mechanical action and match the engine to work by means of circuit adjustment. The mechanical action of the generator is not adjusted on the main drive, and the generator is adjusted and matched with the engine, and the generator is also adjusted and matched with the generator, and the generator are all in the category of electromechanical direct drive systems.
The peak power of the system is mainly provided and utilized during acceleration, but the system has an energy storage function and can be utilized as an energy storage device according to the electric quantity. Such as driving at extremely low speed, completing the automatic start-stop function of the automobile, etc.
The miniaturization and high efficiency of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor are inevitable trends, and the excitation direct current driving motor have related technologies. The current motor technology can be bought or produced on the market or can realize similar functions, the weight is larger, the efficiency is slightly lower, the comprehensive performance is improved, but the motor technology can also be put into practical use. If the excitation direct current generator adopts a three-phase excitation alternating current motor and a rectifier tube for replacement, the excitation direct current driving motor adopts a driving system to adjust the duty ratio and frequency to be matched with the driving motor, and the like, the same effect can be achieved.
Adjusting the ratio of excitation currents of an excitation direct current generator and an excitation direct current driving motor, wherein the transmission ratio is adjusted, the engine torque is adapted, and the essence is to track the efficiency point of the corresponding engine; the absolute value of the exciting current of the exciting direct current generator and the exciting direct current driving motor is adjusted, the current is adjusted, and the transmission efficiency is essentially controlled. The gear shifting is performed 1 ten thousand times per second, the electromechanical direct drive system electric speed regulation is very easy, any gear shifting can be completed at the same time, and the gears can be set to be extremely multiple. For example, a PLC stores a 100-step excitation dc generator, a 100-step excitation dc driving motor magnetic current ratio, a 100-step excitation current absolute value, and 10000 total output modes. And collecting the current and the voltage of the excitation direct current driving motor, and calculating the power, wherein the power corresponds to the power of the engine, the torque of the engine and the power and the rotating speed of the engine. And then collecting the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor, so that the rotating speed ratio of the engine and the excitation direct current driving motor is determined, and the magnetic current ratio of the corresponding excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor is determined. Collecting the current and the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor, and selecting the value of the excitation current according to the fixed data tested by the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor with the highest efficiency. The excitation current ratio is determined, and the gear is determined by determining the absolute value of the excitation current. When the automobile starts and the speed is zero, an initial value is needed to be set, the direct current drive motor is excited, the excitation current is set to be maximum, the lowest transmission ratio (the rotating speed of the engine: the speed of the excited direct current drive motor, the maximum value) is set as an initial gear. The speed is increased and reduced, the rotating speed of the engine is changed, the driving current is changed, the rotating speed ratio of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor is changed, the gear is changed accordingly, and new balance is achieved. The running resistance of the automobile changes, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor changes, the rotating speed ratio changes, the gear changes accordingly, and new balance is achieved. The whole process can keep the highest efficiency of the system. The super capacitor is involved in the acceleration process, the excitation current of the excitation direct current driving motor is kept to be maximum, the discharge module is used for increasing the discharge voltage, the drive current of the excitation direct current driving motor is kept to be maximum, and the automobile is accelerated at the maximum acceleration. The driving current or the exciting current of the exciting direct current driving motor is controlled, and the required acceleration can be met. The optimal gear shifting path of the engine under different rotating speeds can be completely obtained through laboratory debugging, so that the system only needs to measure the rotating speed of the engine and the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor, the gear shifting logic of high speed, high grade and low speed is simply fulfilled, and the engine is always at the highest efficiency point. The engine can cover all transmission ratios with high efficiency at any rotating speed. Various required driving modes can be set accordingly.
The basic principle, the excitation current ratio, can determine the transmission ratio. The larger the exciting current of the exciting direct current generator is, the larger the magnetic field intensity is. The larger the magnetic field intensity is, the higher the voltage is at the same rotating speed of the excitation direct current generator. The line diameter and the heat dissipation structure of the excitation direct current generator determine that the load current is constant, and the higher the voltage is, the higher the output power is. The larger the output power of the excitation direct-current generator is, the larger the same rotating speed moment is. Namely, the larger the exciting current of the exciting direct current generator is, the larger the torque is; in the same way, the larger the exciting current of the exciting direct current driving motor is, the larger the torque is. The excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor have the same power, the larger the torque, the lower the rotating speed, the smaller the torque, the higher the rotating speed, and the direct ratio relation between the torque multiplied by the rotating speed and the power, namely, the ratio of the torque of the excitation direct current driving motor to the torque = the excitation direct current generator, the inverse ratio of the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor = the excitation current ratio of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor. The rotating speed ratio is the transmission ratio; different motors have different rated values of exciting currents, are influenced by production precision, materials and the like, have nonlinear relation and are difficult to accurately calculate, and accurate values are subject to actual measurement. The reason why the electromechanical direct drive system needs to divide gears according to the transmission ratio of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor is that the excitation current ratio can accurately determine the transmission ratio.
Basic principle, excitation current versus motor efficiency point. The larger the exciting current of the exciting direct current generator and the exciting direct current driving motor is, the larger the magnetic field intensity is. The larger the magnetic field intensity is, the higher the voltage is at the same rotating speed of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor. The line diameter and the heat dissipation structure of the excitation direct current generator and the excitation direct current driving motor determine that the bearing current is constant, and the higher the voltage is, the higher the output power is. Current times voltage is proportional to power. The engine specific power can be at the maximum efficiency point corresponding to the specific rotating speed. The rotation speed and power of the excitation direct current generator are constant, namely the product of current and voltage is constant, the voltage is smaller when the current is larger, and the power is larger when the voltage is smaller. The motor losses are mainly line losses and core losses. Exciting the direct current motor, the rotational speed is certain, namely the frequency of the iron core is determined, the loss is increased along with the increase of the magnetic field intensity, namely the loss of the iron core is increased along with the increase of the exciting current; the exciting current is increased, the voltage is increased, the current is reduced, the current is smaller, the loss is smaller, namely, the line loss is reduced along with the increase of the exciting current. The exciting current is only in a specific value, and the sum of the line loss and the iron core loss is minimum. Namely, under different powers, the motor has a specific efficiency point corresponding to a specific exciting current. The iron loss is different under the influence of materials, the line loss is not only the resistance loss, but also other losses such as friction force exist in the motor, a plurality of nonlinear relations are difficult to calculate accurately, and the accurate value is based on actual measurement. Different excitation currents with different powers and different transmission ratios are different, which is the reason that the electromechanical direct-drive system needs to divide gears for meeting the comprehensive efficiency of the excitation direct-current generator and the excitation direct-current drive motor, and is also the guarantee for maintaining high efficiency of transmission.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the invention improves the prior design, and the engine is always at the highest efficiency point of the running rotating speed by utilizing an electromechanical direct drive system through electric regulation; the excitation direct-current generator and the excitation direct-current driver maintain the highest comprehensive efficiency through the adjustment of excitation current; the peak power is greatly expanded by utilizing the super capacitor; the rated operation power is provided by the main supply of the engine or the auxiliary supply of other energy source equipment, and the performance of the engine is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electromechanical direct drive system of an automobile according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1.
The reference signs are: 1, an engine; 2, a power generation module; 3 an electric drive module; 4 peak power energy storage module; 5 a discharge module; and 6, a charging module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An electromechanical direct drive system as shown in figure 1:
production and manufacturing: selecting a proper engine 1, determining the rated power of the automobile or setting the highest speed per hour, determining the power of a generator 2, matching with the engine 1, and fully covering the whole working efficiency point of the engine 1. The excitation DC power generation system can also be an excitation AC generator and a rectifier tube or other systems, and is simplified into a generator. The engine 1 and the generator 2 are directly connected through rotating shafts or are in ratio change, the engine 1 provides mechanical energy for the generator 2, and the generator 2 covers the rotating speed, the torque and the power of the engine 1 completely.
Setting required peak power, selecting the specification and capacity of a super capacitor in the corresponding peak power energy storage module 4, and completing main loop connection of the corresponding discharge module 5, charge module 6 and excitation direct current drive motor 3, wherein the excitation direct current drive motor can also be a combination of a drive system and a motor or other motors.
The method comprises the steps that the super capacitor is switched into super capacitor discharging, the super capacitor is mainly used in an acceleration stage, a target value of the rotating speed of a direct current driving motor needing excitation is given, wherein the rotating speed of the direct current driving motor needing excitation is constant, the exciting current is constant, a voltage value exists at the moment, the super capacitor adjusts the voltage through a discharging module to enable the voltage to be consistent with the exciting direct current driving motor, the super capacitor is connected, and the current is 0 at the moment; and the output voltage of the discharge module is increased, the rotating speed of the excitation direct current driving motor is rapidly increased until the rotating speed is stabilized at a target speed, then the power output of the engine is rapidly increased to be consistent with the output power of the super capacitor, and the power output power is switched to the power generation output power to drive the excitation direct current driving motor. Stepping on the throttle gives the target speed.
The super capacitor in the peak power energy storage module 4 is charged. The electric quantity of the super capacitor is 4 times of the energy required by the automobile when the automobile accelerates from 0 to 150 kilometers per hour, and the output power of the engine 1 is timely supplemented if the electric quantity of the super capacitor is lower than 50 percent; in the range of 50-75%, the automobile is supplemented when the automobile is braked at a low speed; the residual 25% capacity is only used when the brake is at high speed, and under special conditions, if the special conditions that the accelerator is not put back when the brake is treaded at high speed are favored, the electric quantity of the capacitor is full, and the redundant electric quantity is heated and consumed or the like.
The maximum speed design of the automobile is determined by the power of an engine, and an excitation direct current power generation system is determined by the power of the engine 1; the maximum power of the excitation direct current driving motor is coordinated with the release power of the super capacitor.
When the super capacitor is switched on, the excitation direct current driving motor is switched on at the maximum allowable excitation current at a specific rotating speed, the excitation direct current driving motor is switched on when the voltage of the excitation direct current driving motor is consistent with the output voltage of the discharging module 5, then the voltage of the discharging module 5 is increased, the driving current is increased to the maximum allowable value, and the acceleration of the automobile is finished at the highest speed; after the acceleration is finished, the output voltage of the discharging module 5 is reduced, the voltage is consistent with the voltage of the excitation direct current driving motor, and the stable operation state is entered.
The engine 1 runs stably, and power exists when fixed voltage and fixed current exist, so that the rotating speed of the engine 1 is rapidly increased to the highest efficiency and the rotating speed value of the power is output; immediately switching off the super capacitor, enabling the exciting current of the exciting direct current driving motor to return to zero, and then switching on an exciting direct current power generation system; according to the inverse proportion of the rotating speed, the exciting current is synchronously output to a specified value, and the engine 1 drives the automobile to run by the power when the super capacitor is disconnected.
The force for obstructing the automobile from running changes, such as the influence of weather, road surface, gradient and the like, the speed is maintained, the corresponding power output is timely adjusted by the engine, and the exciting current ratio is correspondingly adjusted.
The required data such as current, voltage, rotating speed and the like are collected and uploaded, and corresponding equipment or sensors can be purchased in the market; the data processing can be completed by a PLC and a singlechip.
If the automatic gearbox is only simulated, the simulation is very simple, the super capacitor is not needed, even data collection and data processing are not needed, and the number of gears is needed, the transformation ratio can be set to be large, and only the exciting current needs to be adjusted. The speed regulation mode is the same as that of a manual transmission, and the speed regulation mode is low-speed, low-gear, high-speed and high-gear. The device has the advantages of more excellent and reliable performance, more energy conservation, simple structure and lower cost. The best results that can be achieved are far from being realized.
In the application of the automobile field, the functions of all components are as follows:
an engine 1: providing continuous output power, and setting the maximum speed of the automobile according to the continuous output power.
Excitation direct current power generation system: the engine 1 is ensured to always operate at the highest efficiency point of a specific rotating speed by adjusting the matching of the torque and the rotating speed, power, efficiency point and torque corresponding to the engine 1.
Super capacitor: the peak power is provided, the automobile is used in the acceleration process, and other auxiliary functions such as energy recovery and emergency power supply are included.
The power of the engine 1 provides a rated power basis for the power generation module 2 and the electric drive module 3, the peak power of the electric drive module 3 provides a peak power basis for the peak power energy storage module 4, the rated power of the power generation module 2 is not less than the maximum power of the engine 1, the peak power of the peak power energy storage module 4 is not less than the peak power of the electric drive module 3, and the electric drive module 3 is not less than the power of the power generation module 2.
Excitation direct current driving motor: the electric energy is converted into mechanical energy for driving, and the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy for recycling.
A switch: a. b, c and d are controlled to switch on or off the power supply.
The constituent components all provide parameters for system operation and feed back relevant actions, such as: 2. 3, adjusting the exciting currents, switching on and off the switches a, b, c and d, outputting a voltage value by the discharging module 5, outputting a voltage value by the charging module 6, adjusting the rotating speed of the engine 1 and the like.
The depth of braking sets the rate of energy recovery or release.
Throttle depth sets the desired speed.
The peak power energy storage module 4 is an input power supply of the discharging module 5, and the discharging module 5 is used for adjusting proper voltage output.
The input end of the charging module 6 is the power generation module 2 or the electric driving module 3, and the output voltage is higher than the peak power energy storage module 4 to charge the peak power energy storage module 4.
Wherein:
c. d, the two groups of switches cannot be switched on simultaneously; a. c, the two groups of switches cannot be switched on simultaneously;
the engine 1 and the power generation module 2 determine the highest speed per hour; the electric drive module 3 and the peak power energy storage module 4 determine the peak power;
when the output is stable, the excitation current ratio of the power generation module 2 and the electric drive module 3 is in inverse proportion to the rotating speed ratio of the power generation module 2 and the electric drive module 3;
the output is stable, and the two groups of switches a and b are switched on and connected with the power generation module 2 and the electric drive module 3;
rapidly accelerating, switching on two groups of switches c and b, and connecting the discharging module 5 and the electric driving module 3;
and (5) emergency braking, namely disconnecting the two groups of switches a and c and connecting the two groups of switches b and d.
| Serial number | Item | Brake | Throttle valve | a switch | b switch | c switch | d switch |
| 1 | Parking | Is that | Disconnect | Break off | Break off | |
|
| 2 | Idling speed | Is that | Disconnect | ||||
| 3 | Idling speed | Is connected to | Is connected to | ||||
| 4 | Idling speed | Acceleration | Disconnect | Is connected to | Is connected to | Disconnect | |
| 5 | Operation of | Finish accelerating | Is connected through | Is connected to | Disconnect | ||
| 6 | Gao Su | Is that | Disconnect | Is connected to | Break off | Is connected to | |
| 7 | Idling speed | Half brake | Is connected to | Is connected to | Disconnect |
The method specifically comprises the following working states:
in a parking state, the engine 1 is stopped, and the excitation direct current power generation system, the super capacitor, the excitation direct current driving motor and the like do not work.
In the whole process, as long as the electric quantity of the capacitor is less than 50%, the engine 1 needs to be charged, the power of the engine 1 is improved, the power consumed due to charging is eliminated, and the whole system does not form the influence on driving feeling when working.
Stepping on the brake, starting the engine 1 to idle, and if the electric quantity of the super capacitor is less than 50%, switching on the excitation direct current power generation system, the charging module 5 and the super capacitor for charging; and disconnecting the excitation direct current driving motor.
The engine 1 is started to idle, the brake is released, and if the super capacitor is sufficient in electric quantity, only the excitation direct current power generation system and the excitation direct current driving motor are switched on. The exciting current of the exciting direct current power generation system is set to be the maximum from zero, the exciting current of the exciting direct current driving motor is set to be the maximum, the exciting current of the exciting direct current power generation system is increased, the current of a main loop is increased, and the torque is maintained at the optimal efficiency point of the engine 1 and is gradually stabilized; the excitation direct current driving motor starts to rotate, and the rotating speed ratio of the excitation direct current power generation system and the excitation direct current driving motor exists when the speed is high; the exciting current of the exciting direct current power generation system is increased along with the increase of the rotating speed of the exciting direct current driving motor, and is reduced along with the decrease of the rotating speed of the exciting direct current driving motor, so that dynamic stability is formed.
Stepping on the accelerator, and providing a determined speed value required according to the stepping depth. The output power of the engine 1 is increased if the acceleration is not too much, and the excitation direct current power generation system responds to increase the excitation current according to the output power of the engine 1 in time, so that the voltage and the current are increased, the torque is increased at the same time, and the engine 1 keeps the highest efficiency point to work by matching with the torque increased by the power of the engine 1.
When the accelerator is stepped deeply, the speed required to be increased is set to be high, a loop among the engine 1, the excitation direct-current power generation system and the excitation direct-current driving motor is disconnected, and the engine 1 returns to an idling state. And the connection between the super capacitor and the excitation direct current driving motor is switched on, so that the excitation current of the excitation direct current driving motor is increased, and the automobile is driven to a specified speed quickly. And the acceleration is completed, the excitation current of the excitation direct current driving motor and the main loop current ensure the optimal adjustment of the motor efficiency. The engine 1 is accelerated, the exciting current of the exciting direct current power generation system is maximized (or a specified value), when the voltage of the exciting direct current power generation system is consistent with that of the exciting direct current drive motor, the super capacitor is disconnected, the exciting direct current power generation system and the exciting direct current drive motor are connected, and the current is zero at the moment. The exciting current of the exciting direct current power generation system is reduced, the rotating speed of the engine 1 is continuously increased, and the voltage is maintained until the exciting current ratio is matched with the rotating speed ratio. This process is extremely short, quickly bringing the engine 1 to the point of maximum efficiency.
Of course, when the circuit is switched to drive the engine 1, it is preferable that the exciting current of the exciting dc drive motor be set to zero.
And (3) loosening the accelerator, disconnecting the super capacitor and the excitation direct current driving motor, quickly returning the engine 1 to an idle state, and sliding the automobile in a neutral position. In the idling state of the engine 1, the voltage of the excitation direct current power generation system is higher than that of the excitation direct current driving motor, and the engine 1 can still supplement the power for the automobile to slide.
The super capacitor capacity is 4 times the energy required to accelerate the car from 0 to 150 km/h. When the electric quantity of the super capacitor is lower than 50%, the output power of the engine 1 is timely supplemented; in the 50% -75% interval, the automobile is supplemented when the automobile is braked at a low speed; the remaining 25% capacity is used only during high speed braking. Special conditions, like liking to step on the brake at a high speed and not putting back special conditions such as tank filler door, the electric capacity electric quantity is filled up, and unnecessary electric quantity is generated heat and is consumed or other.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Electromechanical direct drive system, including the engine, its characterized in that: engine one end mechanical connection has the power generation module, the power generation module link is connected with electricity and drives the module, the module of discharging, the module of charging, the module link of discharging has met peak power energy storage module altogether, and wherein the power generation module is for exciting DC generator, and electricity drives the module and for exciting direct current driving motor, and the module of charging is secondary circuit such as other detection operation circuit excitation circuit, and wherein the power generation module, electricity drive the module, the module of discharging, the module of charging between be connected through the wire, be equipped with a on the wire, b, c, the four group's of d switches.
2. The electromechanical direct drive system of claim 1, wherein: the power generation module is used for adjusting exciting current and further determining torque, so that the engine has unique torque and unique power output at a specific rotating speed, and the engine can be guaranteed to operate at the highest efficiency point at any power at any time.
3. The electromechanical direct drive system of claim 1, wherein: the electric drive module adjusts the exciting current of the electric drive module according to different torques required by different conditions, and determines that the operating current is in a design requirement range.
4. The electromechanical direct drive system of claim 1, wherein: the engine is mechanically connected with the excitation direct current generator, the generator converts mechanical energy into electric energy, the excitation direct current driving motor is driven to finish conversion of the electric energy into required mechanical energy, under the condition that no other electric energy is transmitted between the power generation module and the electric drive module, speed regulation work, namely transmission ratio adjustment, is finished, and work is finished at high efficiency, namely engine efficiency and transmission efficiency are improved.
5. The electromechanical direct drive system of claim 1, wherein: the peak power energy storage module is used for improving the peak output power of the system, wherein different gear exciting current parameters are respectively stored in a single chip microcomputer or a PLC or a vehicle-mounted computer and the like, can be directly adjusted or can be randomly switched according to the requirement, and the exciting current ratio of the power generation module and the electric drive module is used for setting a transmission ratio gear.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211658150.2A CN115716417A (en) | 2022-12-22 | 2022-12-22 | Electromechanical direct drive system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211658150.2A CN115716417A (en) | 2022-12-22 | 2022-12-22 | Electromechanical direct drive system |
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| CN201761359U (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-03-16 | 姚加章 | Electrified speed changer |
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| CN110154782A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-23 | 张治成 | Automobile constant power electromechanics straight drive system |
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| US20050140342A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-06-30 | Denso Corporation | Generation control system |
| CN201761359U (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-03-16 | 姚加章 | Electrified speed changer |
| CN104024025A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2014-09-03 | Amt有限公司 | Hybrid power integrated management system |
| CN203198761U (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-09-18 | 上海电驱动股份有限公司 | Power system of power balance type pure-electric-drive electric vehicle |
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