CN115682456B - Data center waste heat recovery-oriented CO 2 Heat pump energy storage method - Google Patents
Data center waste heat recovery-oriented CO 2 Heat pump energy storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115682456B CN115682456B CN202211405628.0A CN202211405628A CN115682456B CN 115682456 B CN115682456 B CN 115682456B CN 202211405628 A CN202211405628 A CN 202211405628A CN 115682456 B CN115682456 B CN 115682456B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CO for data center waste heat recovery 2 The heat pump energy storage method adopts a chilled water loop comprising a data center and CO 2 Heat pump cycle, CO 2 An energy storage system for storing energy and circulating water; chilled Water passage through CO 2 The heat pump is cooled in a circulating way and is cooled by the air blowing of a fan; CO 2 Heat pump cycle and CO 2 Energy storage and circulating coupling; during the electricity consumption low valley period, CO 2 Low pressure CO in a heat pump cycle 2 CO in a storage tank 2 Circularly absorbing the residual heat of the chilled water loop, compressing the residual heat by a refrigeration compressor, and then entering CO 2 The energy storage compressor of the energy storage cycle compresses again and stores the compressed energy in the high-pressure CO after cooling 2 In the storage tank; at peak period of electricity consumption, CO 2 The heat pump cycle normally operates to absorb the residual heat of the chilled water loop and high-pressure CO 2 CO in a storage tank 2 After absorbing heat, the output enters an expansion machine to do work, and the CO is driven preferentially 2 The heat pump cycle generates heat while outputting cold energy to the data center; under the normal state, CO 2 The heat pump cycle may be independent of CO 2 The energy storage circulation independently operates, so that the waste heat of the chilled water loop can be stably absorbed, and the stable supply of the cold energy of the data center is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to data center waste heat utilization and CO 2 Application fields of heat pump and energy storage technology, in particular to a CO for recovering waste heat of a data center 2 A heat pump energy storage method.
Background
Currently, people are fully entering the digital economic age, and as an important carrier of the digital economic age infrastructure, the stable operation of a data center needs to consume a great amount of electric power and cold energy, so that the operation cost is high, and the carbon emission reduction pressure is relatively high. Therefore, based on the energy utilization characteristics of the data center, how to reduce the cost, increase the efficiency and connect the renewable energy power generation system to reduce the carbon emission is a problem to be solved urgently in the energy industry.
In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of IT equipment, the power of the data center is mainly used for servers, air conditioning refrigeration, UPS uninterrupted power supplies and illumination. Because the heat generated by IT equipment is discharged to the environment, the power utilization ratio of air conditioning refrigeration is extremely high, resulting in low energy efficiency level of the data center.
In addition, the data center is used as a power consumption large household, and needs to run continuously for 24 hours, so that the power consumption cost in the power peak is high, and meanwhile, renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy are difficult to directly supply power to the data center.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the CO oriented to the waste heat recovery of the data center, which can improve the energy utilization rate to the greatest extent and reduce the system operation cost 2 A heat pump energy storage method.
The invention provides the CO oriented to the recovery of the waste heat of the data center 2 The heat pump energy storage method adopts a chilled water loop comprising a data center and CO 2 Heat pump cycle, CO 2 An energy storage system for storing energy and circulating water; chilled water in a chilled water loop of a data center is passing through CO 2 Introducing a natural cold source while circularly cooling the heat pump, and cooling by using a fan; CO 2 Heat pump cycle and CO 2 Energy storage and circulating coupling; during the electricity consumption low valley period, CO 2 Low pressure CO in a heat pump cycle 2 CO in a storage tank 2 The waste heat of a chilled water loop of the data center is circularly absorbed, compressed by a refrigeration compressor and then enters CO 2 The energy storage compressor of the energy storage cycle is compressed again and cooled, and finally stored in the high-pressure CO 2 In the storage tank; at peak period of electricity consumption, CO 2 The heat pump cycle is normally operated to absorb the waste heat of the chilled water loop of the data center while high pressure CO 2 CO in a storage tank 2 The output is heated up by heat absorption and then enters an expansion machine to do work, and the CO is driven preferentially 2 A heat pump cycle for generating heat while outputting cold to a data center; under the normal state, CO 2 The heat pump cycle can be independent of CO 2 The energy storage circulation independently operates, stably absorbs the waste heat of a chilled water loop of the data center, and ensures the stable supply of the cold energy of the data center.
In one embodiment of the above method, the chilled water loop of the data center is provided with a heat exchanger A (2) and a heat exchanger B (6) which are connected in parallel, the heat exchange working medium of the heat exchanger A (2) is chilled water and air, and the heat exchange working medium of the heat exchanger B (6) is chilled water and CO 2 CO in a heat pump cycle 2 。
In one embodiment of the above method, the CO 2 The apparatus in the heat pump cycle comprises said low pressure CO 2 A storage tank (12) and a refrigeration compressor (7), and also comprises a cooler A (9) and a cold water heat exchanger (10); low pressure CO 2 CO in a tank (12) 2 Heat is absorbed from the heat exchanger B (6) and then enters the refrigeration compressor (7) for compression, and the compressed CO 2 Is divided into two paths, one path of the water flows back to the low-pressure CO after passing through the cooler A (9) and the cold water heat exchanger (10) 2 The storage tank (12) continues the next cycle, and the other path enters CO 2 And (5) energy storage circulation.
In a second embodiment of the above method, the CO 2 A regenerator (24) is also arranged in the heat pump cycle, and the low-pressure CO 2 CO in a tank (12) 2 Flows through the heat regenerator (24) and then enters the heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and flows through the heat regenerator (24) and then enters the refrigeration compressor (7) to be compressed and then is divided into two paths.
In a third embodiment of the above method, the CO 2 CO compressed by refrigeration compressor (7) in heat pump cycle 2 The mixture is cooled by a cooler A (9) and then divided into two paths.
In three embodiments of the above method, the CO 2 The energy storage circulation is provided with an energy storage compressor (17), a cooler B (18) and high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19), a heater (20) and an expander (21), wherein the energy storage compressor (17) outputs CO from the refrigeration compressor (7) 2 And then go through againCompressed, cooled by cooler B (18) and stored in high pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19); high pressure CO during energy release 2 CO in a tank (19) 2 Is heated by a heater (20) and enters an expansion machine (21) to do work, and then enters CO 2 The cold water heat exchanger (10) of the heat pump cycle is cooled and then divided into two paths, one path enters the heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and the other path flows into the low-pressure CO 2 In a tank (12).
In three embodiments of the method, a cold water tank (22) and a hot water tank (23) are arranged in the circulating water loop, and cold water in the cold water tank (22) enters the cooler B (18) to absorb CO 2 After heat flows into the hot water tank (23), hot water in the hot water tank (23) flows through the heater (20) to be CO 2 After heat is supplied, the water flows into a cold water tank (22) for circulation.
In a fourth embodiment of the above method, the CO 2 The energy storage cycle is provided with a first-stage compressor (25), a first-stage intercooler (26), a second-stage compressor (27), a second-stage intercooler (28), a first-stage reheater (29), a first-stage expander (30), a second-stage reheater (31), a second-stage expander (32), a flow divider (33), a flow mixer (34), a flow divider (35) and a flow mixer (36); CO compressed by the refrigeration compressor (7) 2 Enters a first-stage compressor (25), is compressed by a first-stage cooler (26) and then enters a second-stage cooler (28) after being compressed by a second-stage compressor (27), and is stored in high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19); high pressure CO during energy release 2 CO in a tank (19) 2 The cold water enters a cold water heat exchanger (10) to be cooled and then is divided into two paths after passing through a primary reheater (29), a primary expander (30), a secondary reheater (31) and a secondary expander (32) in sequence, one path enters a heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and the other path flows into low-pressure CO 2 In a tank (12).
In a fourth embodiment of the method, a cold water tank (22) and a hot water tank (23) are arranged in the circulating water loop, cold water in the cold water tank (22) is divided into two paths through a splitter (33), and one path enters an interstage cooler (26) to absorb CO 2 Heat quantityThe other path enters a two-stage intercooler (28) to absorb CO 2 The heat flows from the hot water outlets of the first stage cooler (26) and the second stage cooler (28) into the hot water tank (23) after being mixed by the mixer (34); the hot water in the hot water tank (23) is divided into two paths by a splitter (35), and the other path enters a primary reheater (29) to be CO 2 Providing heat, and enabling one path to enter a secondary reheater (31) to be CO 2 The cold water at the outlets of the primary reheater (29) and the secondary reheater (31) flows into the cold water tank (22) after passing through the mixer (36) to provide heat.
In the four implementation modes of the method, all the devices of the system are connected through pipelines, two branch pipes of a chilled water loop of a data center are respectively provided with a regulating valve, and CO 2 The pipeline of the heat pump cycle is provided with a regulating valve and a throttle valve, and two paths of branch pipes behind the refrigeration compressor are respectively provided with the regulating valve.
The invention uses CO 2 The heat pump is coupled with the energy storage and is applied to the data center, so that the efficient cooling of the data center can be realized, the waste heat of the heat pump can be fully utilized, and the data center can be further promoted to efficiently utilize renewable energy sources, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the energy utilization rate to the greatest extent and reducing the operation cost of the system. In particular, the invention has the following advantages: 1) By adopting the heat pump cooling technology, the cooling of the data center can be realized, the waste heat temperature of the data center can be improved, and the heat supply can be realized, so that the energy utilization rate and the system power generation efficiency are improved. 2) Adopts natural working medium CO 2 The heat transfer capability is good, the environment is not polluted or destroyed, and the requirements of cost reduction, synergy, green and low carbon of the system can be met. 3) The data center is cooled by the heat pump, and meanwhile, a natural cold source is introduced, so that the cooling energy consumption is further reduced. 4) The energy storage is applied to the data center, can be used as a backup power supply of the data center, and meanwhile promotes the data center to efficiently utilize renewable energy sources, so that stable output of renewable energy source power is ensured, and the energy utilization structure is optimized. 5) Under the condition of great difference of peak-valley electricity prices, the invention adopts CO 2 The energy storage technology realizes space-time transfer of low-price power and effectively reduces peak-valley power consumption difference. 6) CO is processed by 2 The heat pump is coupled with the energy storage withoutBut can realize the cooling of data center with high efficiency, make full use of heat pump waste heat, improve the electric efficiency of storing, can also show the running cost of reduction system. 7) CO 2 The heat pump and the energy storage cycle can introduce various thermodynamic processes, such as backheating, reheating, recompression and the like, the structural arrangement is flexible, and the power generation efficiency of the system can be further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of system connection according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of system connection according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of system connection according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a system connection schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Number in the figure:
1-a data center; 2-heat exchanger a; 3-fans; 4-valve; 5-valve; 6-a heat exchanger B; 7-a refrigeration compressor;
8-valve; 9-cooler a; 10-a cold water heat exchanger; 11-valve; 12-Low pressure CO 2 A storage tank; 13-valve;
14-valve; 15-a throttle valve; 16-valve; 17-an energy storage compressor; 18-a cooler B;
19-high pressure CO 2 A storage tank; 20-a heater; 21-expansion machine, 22-cold water tank and 23-hot water tank;
24-a heat regenerator;
25-stage compressor; 26-an inter-stage cooler; a 27-two stage compressor; 28-two stage intercooler;
29-stage reheater; 30-a primary expander; 31-a secondary reheater; a 32-second stage expander;
33-diverter; 34-a mixer; 35-a shunt; 36-mixer.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses the CO oriented to the recovery of the waste heat of the data center 2 The heat pump energy storage method adopts a chilled water loop comprising a data center and CO 2 Heat pump cycle, CO 2 Energy storage circulation and system energy storage of circulating water loop, specifically: chilled water in a chilled water loop of a data center is passing through CO 2 Introducing a natural cold source while circularly cooling the heat pump, and cooling by using a fan; CO 2 Heat pump cycle and CO 2 Energy storage circulation coupling, CO during electricity consumption low valley period 2 Low pressure CO in a heat pump cycle 2 CO of storage tank 2 Absorbing the residual heat of a chilled water loop of a data center, and directly entering CO through a refrigeration compressor 2 The energy storage compressor of the energy storage cycle is compressed again and then stored in the high-pressure CO 2 In the storage tank; at peak period of electricity consumption, CO 2 The heat pump cycle is normally operated to absorb the waste heat of the chilled water loop of the data center while high pressure CO 2 CO of storage tank 2 After absorbing heat and raising temperature, the mixture enters an expander to do work and preferentially drives CO 2 A heat pump cycle for generating heat while outputting cold to a data center; under the normal state, CO 2 The heat pump cycle may also be independent of CO 2 The energy storage circulation independently operates, so that the waste heat of a chilled water loop of the data center can be stably absorbed, and the stable supply of the cold energy of the data center is ensured.
The specific application of the present invention will be described in detail by the following four examples.
Examples
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the chilled water in the chilled water loop of the data center absorbs heat from the data center 1, the water outlet header pipe is divided into two branch pipes, the water flow of the two branch pipes is controlled by a valve 4 and a valve 5 respectively, one branch pipe enters the heat exchanger A2 after passing through the valve 4, exchanges heat with a natural cold source introduced by the fan 3 through air blast to cool, the other branch pipe enters the heat exchanger B6 after passing through the valve 5 to cool, and the chilled water flowing out of the heat exchanger A2 and the heat exchanger B6 flows into the data center 1 after being mixed, thus completing one chilled water cycle.
CO 2 The equipment provided in the heat pump cycle is low pressure CO 2 A storage tank 12, a refrigeration compressor 7, a cooler A9 and a cold water heat exchanger 10.
CO 2 The equipment arranged in the energy storage circulation is provided with an energy storage compressor 17, a cooler B18 and high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank 19, a heater 20, and an expander 21.
The circulating water circuit is provided with a cold water tank 22 and a hot water tank 23.
During the electricity consumption low valley period, through CO 2 Heat pump cycle energy storage: low pressure CO 2 CO of the storage tank 12 2 After the flow is controlled by the valve 13, the CO enters the throttle valve 15 for throttling and flows out of the throttle valve 15 2 Heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger B6 and then enters the refrigeration compressor 7 for compression, and the compressed CO 2 Split into two paths of output: one path flows through a valve 8, a cooler A9 and a cold water heat exchanger 10 and then flows back to low-pressure CO 2 A storage tank 12, which is again put into the next cycle; the other path of the waste gas enters an energy storage compressor 17 through a valve 16 to be compressed again, and is stored in high-pressure CO after being released by a cooler B18 2 In the tank 19.
High-pressure CO when energy is released during electricity utilization peak period 2 CO in the tank 19 2 Heat is absorbed in the heater 20, and the cooled CO enters the cold water heat exchanger 10 for cooling after expansion and work application by the expander 21 2 The two paths of the heat pump are divided into two paths of output, wherein the first path of the heat pump enters the heat absorption cycle in the heat exchanger B6 after passing through the valve 14 and the valve 15 to ensure the normal operation of the heat pump cycle, and the second path of the heat pump flows into the low-pressure CO through the valve 11 2 In the tank 12, and preferably the output of the first pass, excess CO 2 Only flow into low pressure CO 2 In the tank 12.
In a normal state, the valve 16 and the valve 11 can be closed to independently operate the CO 2 Heat pump cycle: low pressure CO 2 CO of the storage tank 12 2 After the flow is controlled by the valve 13, the CO enters the throttle valve 15 for throttling and flows out of the throttle valve 15 2 Heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger B6 and then enters the refrigeration compressor 7 for compression, and the compressed CO 2 Flows through a valve 8, a cooler A9 and a cold water heat exchanger 10 and then flows back to low-pressure CO 2 Reservoir 12, and then to the next cycle.
During the energy storage and release process, the cold water in the cold water tank 22 enters the cooler B18 to absorb CO 2 Heat flows into the hot water tank 23; the hot water of the hot water tank 23 flows through the heater 20 as CO in the heater 20 2 Heat is supplied and then flows into the cold water tank 22.
The cooling water flowing through the cooler A9 absorbs heat and then supplies heat according to actual needs.
Examples
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in CO 2 Regenerator 24 is added to the heat pump cycle from low pressure CO 2 CO output from the tank 2 Flows through the heat regenerator 24 and then enters the heat exchanger B6 of the chilled water loop, and the CO coming out of the heat exchanger B6 2 Flows through the regenerator 24 again and then enters the refrigeration compressor 7 for compression.
CO 2 In the heat pump cycle, CO flowing into the throttle valve 15 2 The temperature is also high, and the addition of the regenerator can reduce the CO flowing into the throttle valve 15 2 And (3) recovering part of waste heat originally discharged into the environment, thereby improving the circulation benefit.
Other embodiments of this embodiment are the same as the first embodiment.
Examples
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: CO compressed by the refrigeration compressor 7 2 Cooling by a cooler A9 and then dividing the cooled liquid into two paths for output.
In the energy storage process, CO compressed by the refrigeration compressor 7 2 The cooled temperature is reduced, the density is increased, and the energy storage compressor 17 is used for compressing, so that compression power consumption can be effectively reduced, and the system efficiency is improved. In addition, the cooling water absorbs CO 2 After the heat, heat can be supplied according to actual needs, heat exchange is carried out at the main pipe, cooling water can absorb more heat, the heat supply capacity is improved, and further the system benefit is increased.
Other embodiments of this embodiment are the same as the first embodiment.
Examples
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: CO 2 The equipment of the energy storage circulation arrangement comprises a first-stage compressor 25, a first-stage intercooler 26, a second-stage compressor 27, a second-stage intercooler 28, a first-stage reheater 29, a first-stage expander 30, a second-stage reheater 31, a second-stage expander 32, a flow divider 33, a flow mixer 34, a flow divider 35 and a flow mixer 36.
In the energy storage process, CO compressed by the refrigeration compressor 7 2 Compressed by a valve 16, discharged by a primary intercooler 26, compressed again by a secondary compressor 27, discharged again by a secondary intercooler 28, and stored in high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank 19; in the energy release process, high-pressure CO 2 CO in the tank 19 2 The low-pressure CO flows into the cold water heat exchanger 10 for cooling after the heat absorption, the expansion, the re-heat absorption and the re-expansion are carried out by the primary reheater 29, the primary expander 30, the secondary reheater 31 and the secondary expander 32 in sequence, and then the low-pressure CO flows into the low-pressure heat exchanger through the valve 11 2 A storage tank 12.
Cold water in the cold water tank 22 in the circulating water loop is split by the splitter 33, and one path of cold water enters an interstage cooler 26 to absorb CO 2 The heat enters the two-stage cooler 28 to absorb CO 2 The hot water at the outlets of the primary inter-cooler 26 and the secondary inter-cooler 28 flows into the hot water tank 23 after being mixed by the mixer 34; the hot water in the hot water tank 23 is split by a splitter 35, and one path of hot water enters a primary reheater 29 to be CO 2 Providing heat, one path enters the secondary reheater 31 to be CO 2 The cold water at the outlets of the primary reheater 29 and the secondary reheater 31 flows into the cold water tank 22 after being mixed by the mixer 36 to supply heat.
With staged compression, inter-stage cooling allows for CO after a single compression 2 The temperature is reduced, the density is increased, and the secondary compression is easier to carry out, so that the compression power consumption of the system is reduced. Similarly, by adopting staged expansion, interstage reheating can improve the expansion function of the system. The combination of the staged compression and staged expansion can effectively improve the output power of the system and increase the benefit of the system.
Other embodiments of this embodiment are the same as the first embodiment.
From the above four embodiments of the present invention, it can be seen that the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) By adopting the heat pump cooling technology, the cooling of the data center can be realized, the waste heat temperature of the data center can be improved, and the heat supply can be realized, so that the energy utilization rate and the system power generation efficiency are improved.
(2) Adopts natural working medium CO 2 The heat transfer capability is good, the environment is not polluted or destroyed, and the requirements of cost reduction, synergy, green and low carbon of the system can be met.
(3) The data center is cooled by the heat pump, and meanwhile, a natural cold source is introduced, so that the cooling energy consumption is further reduced.
(4) The energy storage is applied to the data center, can be used as a backup power supply of the data center, and meanwhile promotes the data center to efficiently utilize renewable energy sources, so that stable output of renewable energy source power is ensured, and the energy utilization structure is optimized.
(5) Under the condition of great difference of peak-valley electricity prices, CO is adopted 2 The energy storage technology realizes space-time transfer of low-price power and effectively reduces peak-valley power consumption difference.
(6) CO is processed by 2 The heat pump is coupled with the energy storage, so that the cooling of the data center can be efficiently realized, the waste heat of the heat pump is fully utilized, the electricity storage efficiency is improved, and the operation cost of the system can be obviously reduced.
（7）CO 2 The heat pump and the energy storage cycle can introduce various thermodynamic processes, such as backheating, reheating, recompression and the like, the structural arrangement is flexible, and the power generation efficiency of the system can be further improved.
Claims (10)
1. Data center waste heat recovery-oriented CO 2 The heat pump energy storage method is characterized in that: the method adopts a chilled water loop and CO of a data center 2 Heat pump cycle, CO 2 An energy storage system for storing energy and circulating water;
chilled water in a chilled water loop of a data center is passing through CO 2 Introducing a natural cold source while circularly cooling the heat pump, and cooling by using a fan; CO 2 Heat pump cycle and CO 2 Energy storage and circulating coupling;
during the electricity consumption low valley period, CO 2 Low pressure CO in a heat pump cycle 2 CO in a storage tank 2 The waste heat of a chilled water loop of the data center is circularly absorbed, compressed by a refrigeration compressor and then enters CO 2 The energy storage compressor of the energy storage cycle is compressed again and cooled, and finally stored in the high-pressure CO 2 In the storage tank;
at peak period of electricity consumption, CO 2 The heat pump cycle is normally operated to absorb the waste heat of the chilled water loop of the data center while high pressure CO 2 CO in a storage tank 2 The output is heated up by heat absorption and then enters an expansion machine to do work, and the CO is driven preferentially 2 A heat pump cycle for generating heat while outputting cold to a data center;
under the normal state, CO 2 The heat pump cycle can be independent of CO 2 The energy storage circulation independently operates, stably absorbs the waste heat of a chilled water loop of the data center, and ensures the stable supply of the cold energy of the data center.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the data center chilled water loop is internally provided with a heat exchanger A (2) and a heat exchanger B (6) which are connected in parallel, the heat exchange working medium of the heat exchanger A (2) is chilled water and air, and the heat exchange working medium of the heat exchanger B (6) is chilled water and CO 2 CO in a heat pump cycle 2 。
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the CO 2 The apparatus in the heat pump cycle comprises said low pressure CO 2 A storage tank (12) and a refrigeration compressor (7), and also comprises a cooler A (9) and a cold water heat exchanger (10); low pressure CO 2 CO in a tank (12) 2 Heat is absorbed from the heat exchanger B (6) and then enters the refrigeration compressor (7) for compression, and the compressed CO 2 Is divided into two paths, one path of the water flows back to the low-pressure CO after passing through the cooler A (9) and the cold water heat exchanger (10) 2 The storage tank (12) continues the next cycle, and the other path enters CO 2 And (5) energy storage circulation.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the CO 2 A regenerator (24) is also arranged in the heat pump cycle, and the low-pressure CO 2 CO in a tank (12) 2 Flows through the heat regenerator (24) and then enters the heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and flows through the heat regenerator (24) and then enters the refrigeration compressor (7) to be compressed and then is divided into two paths.
5. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the CO 2 CO compressed by refrigeration compressor (7) in heat pump cycle 2 The mixture is cooled by a cooler A (9) and then divided into two paths.
6. A method according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: the CO 2 The energy storage circulation is provided with an energy storage compressor (17), a cooler B (18) and high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19), a heater (20) and an expander (21), wherein the energy storage compressor (17) outputs CO from the refrigeration compressor (7) 2 Compressed again, cooled by cooler B (18) and stored in high pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19); high pressure CO during energy release 2 CO in a tank (19) 2 Is heated by a heater (20) and enters an expansion machine (21) to do work, and then enters CO 2 The cold water heat exchanger (10) of the heat pump cycle is cooled and then divided into two paths, one path enters the heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and the other path flows into the low-pressure CO 2 In a tank (12).
7. The method according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein: a cold water tank (22) and a hot water tank (23) are arranged in the circulating water loop, and cold water in the cold water tank (22) enters a cooler B (18) to absorb CO 2 After heat flows into the hot water tank (23), hot water in the hot water tank (23) flows through the heater (20) to be CO 2 After heat is supplied, the water flows into a cold water tank (22) for circulation.
8. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the CO 2 The energy storage cycle is provided with a first-stage compressor (25), a first-stage intercooler (26), a second-stage compressor (27), a second-stage intercooler (28), a first-stage reheater (29), a first-stage expander (30), a second-stage reheater (31), a second-stage expander (32), a flow divider (33), a flow mixer (34), a flow divider (35) and a flow mixer (36); CO compressed by the refrigeration compressor (7) 2 Enters a first-stage compressor (25), is compressed by a first-stage cooler (26) and then enters a second-stage cooler (28) after being compressed by a second-stage compressor (27), and is stored in high-pressure CO 2 A storage tank (19); high pressure CO during energy release 2 CO in a tank (19) 2 The cold water enters the cold water heat exchanger (10) after passing through the primary reheater (29), the primary expander (30), the secondary reheater (31) and the secondary expander (32) in sequenceAfter cooling, the mixture is divided into two paths, one path enters a heat exchanger B (6) to absorb heat, and the other path flows into low-pressure CO 2 In a tank (12).
9. The method as recited in claim 8, wherein: a cold water tank (22) and a hot water tank (23) are arranged in the circulating water loop, cold water in the cold water tank (22) is divided into two paths through a flow divider (33), and one path enters an interstage cooler (26) to absorb CO 2 The other path of heat enters a two-stage intercooler (28) to absorb CO 2 The heat flows from the hot water outlets of the first stage cooler (26) and the second stage cooler (28) into the hot water tank (23) after being mixed by the mixer (34); the hot water in the hot water tank (23) is divided into two paths by a splitter (35), and the other path enters a primary reheater (29) to be CO 2 Providing heat, and enabling one path to enter a secondary reheater (31) to be CO 2 The cold water at the outlets of the primary reheater (29) and the secondary reheater (31) flows into the cold water tank (22) after passing through the mixer (36) to provide heat.
10. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: all the devices of the system are connected through pipelines, two branch pipes of a chilled water loop of a data center are respectively provided with a regulating valve, and CO 2 The pipeline of the heat pump cycle is provided with a regulating valve and a throttle valve, and two paths of branch pipes behind the refrigeration compressor are respectively provided with the regulating valve.
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| CN202211405628.0A CN115682456B (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Data center waste heat recovery-oriented CO 2 Heat pump energy storage method |
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| CN109944773A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of cell composite energy supply system and method |
| CN214792005U (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-11-19 | 天津城建大学 | Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system for commercial and super-use combined cooling and heating |
| CN114034133A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Heat pump electricity storage system for recovering waste heat of liquid cooling data center |
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| CN109944773A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of cell composite energy supply system and method |
| CN214792005U (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-11-19 | 天津城建大学 | Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system for commercial and super-use combined cooling and heating |
| CN114034133A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Heat pump electricity storage system for recovering waste heat of liquid cooling data center |
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