CN115677350B - Preparation method of carbon shaft sleeve for new energy automobile electronic water pump - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbon shaft sleeve for new energy automobile electronic water pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN115677350B CN115677350B CN202211466022.8A CN202211466022A CN115677350B CN 115677350 B CN115677350 B CN 115677350B CN 202211466022 A CN202211466022 A CN 202211466022A CN 115677350 B CN115677350 B CN 115677350B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006253 pitch coke Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005007 epoxy-phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-1-oxo-3h-2-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-methyl-3h-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OCC2=C(C)C([C@@H](O)CN2CCN(CC2)C[C@H](O)C2=CC=C3C(=O)OCC3=C2C)=C1 OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon shaft sleeve for a new energy automobile electronic water pump, which comprises the steps of carrying out roller treatment on mixed material powder of asphalt coke, natural graphite, silicon powder and an adhesive after kneading treatment, cooling, and carrying out grinding treatment to prepare pressed powder; then, the pressed powder is sequentially subjected to compression molding treatment, roasting treatment, graphitization treatment, dipping treatment, solidification treatment and machining treatment to prepare a finished product of the carbon shaft sleeve, and the carbon shaft sleeve prepared by the method has the advantages of high density, good compactness, high strength and high hardness, isotropy, uniform performance in all directions and solves the eccentric wear problem of the carbon shaft sleeve and a shaft matched with the carbon shaft sleeve; the carbon shaft sleeve has long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a shaft sleeve, in particular to a preparation method of a carbon shaft sleeve, which belongs to the field of machinery.
Background
At present, the China automobile industry is faced with industry upgrading, energy conservation and emission reduction, light weight and electrification become mainstream trends, and new energy automobiles are gradually replacing traditional fuel automobiles. The electronic water pump is a key part of the new energy automobile, benefits from the rapid development of the new energy automobile in China, and the requirements of the automobile electronic water pump are also rapidly rising.
The carbon shaft sleeve is a cylindrical mechanical part sleeved on the rotating shaft, is an important part of the electronic water pump, and has the main functions of fixing the position and reducing the abrasion of the shaft, and is a thin-wall part, so that the carbon shaft sleeve is required to have higher mechanical strength and better lubricity.
The shaft sleeve is an integral bearing bush, the whole cylindrical pipe fitting sleeved on the shaft is basically formed by compression molding, the density and the compactness of the existing carbon shaft sleeve product are low, the anisotropy exists in the compression molded carbon shaft sleeve, the performance difference in all directions is large, the eccentric wear problem (the abrasion in individual directions is large) exists in the using process, the abrasion resistance is poor, and the service life of the new energy automobile electronic water pump can not be met.
The invention adopts isostatic compaction, the density of the prepared carbon shaft sleeve product is higher than that of mould pressing, the product density is good, and the wear resistance is better; the strength (flexural strength and hardness) of the product is improved, and the product is isotropic (i.e., the properties in each direction are substantially the same); the isostatic pressed products have more uniform performance in all directions, especially hardness, and can solve the problems of eccentric wear and long service life.
The carbon shaft sleeve is added with a proper amount of silicon powder, silicon and carbon react to generate silicon carbide during high-temperature roasting and graphitization, the generated silicon carbide is used as an antiwear agent to increase the wear resistance of a product, a small amount of unreacted graphite powder and silicon powder are arranged around the formed silicon carbide, and the unreacted graphite and silicon can be used as a lubricant to prolong the service life of the product and reduce the abrasion of the product to a water pump shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of the carbon shaft sleeve for the electronic water pump of the new energy automobile aiming at the technical problems of the carbon shaft sleeve for the electronic water pump of the existing automobile, and the carbon shaft sleeve prepared by the method has high mechanical strength and good wear resistance; the self-lubricity of the carbon sleeve is improved, and the abrasion of the carbon sleeve and the rotating shaft is reduced; and the product is isotropic, the performance of the product in all directions is uniform, especially the hardness, and the problem of eccentric wear of the carbon shaft sleeve and a shaft matched with the carbon shaft sleeve is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon shaft sleeve for a new energy automobile electronic water pump, which comprises the following steps: carrying out roller treatment on the mixed material powder of asphalt coke, natural graphite, silicon powder and adhesive after kneading treatment, cooling, and carrying out grinding treatment to prepare pressed powder; and then carrying out compression molding treatment, roasting treatment, graphitization treatment, dipping treatment, solidification treatment and machining treatment on the pressed powder in sequence to obtain the finished product of the carbon shaft sleeve.
Wherein, the weight portion ratio of the asphalt coke, the natural graphite, the silicon powder and the adhesive is:
in particular, the asphalt coke, the natural graphite, the silicon powder and the adhesive are preferably prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
in particular, the weight proportion of the silicon powder in the raw materials is preferably 4-6.
In particular, the binder is selected from asphalt, preferably medium temperature asphalt.
In particular, the pitch coke: ash content is less than or equal to 1%; volatile components are less than or equal to 2 percent; the water content is less than or equal to 2 percent; particle size D50-15 μm; the natural graphite: the carbon content is more than or equal to 95 percent; particle size D50-50 μm; the silicon powder comprises the following components: the silicon content is more than or equal to 95 percent; particle size D50-50 μm; the medium-temperature asphalt comprises the following components: volatile 60-70%; the softening point is 75-90 ℃.
Wherein, the impregnation treatment is to impregnate graphitized products into resin, and the impregnated resin is selected from one or more of furan resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin, preferably furan resin.
In particular, the particles of the compact: d50 15-25 μm, preferably 15-20 μm.
In another aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a carbon shaft sleeve for an electronic water pump of a new energy automobile, which comprises the following steps:
1) Putting asphalt coke, natural graphite and silicon powder into a kneading pot for first kneading treatment to prepare a first kneading material;
2) Heating and melting the adhesive, adding the adhesive into a kneading pot, mixing with the first kneading material, and carrying out second kneading treatment to obtain a second kneading material;
3) Carrying out roller treatment on the second kneaded material to prepare a sheet-shaped mixed rolled sheet, cooling the mixed rolled sheet, and carrying out grinding treatment to prepare pressed powder;
4) And (3) sequentially carrying out compression molding treatment, roasting treatment, graphitization treatment, dipping treatment, curing treatment and machining treatment on the pressed powder to obtain the finished product of the carbon shaft sleeve.
Wherein, the weight part ratio of the pitch coke, the natural graphite and the silicon powder in the step 1) is as follows: 80-95 parts of pitch coke, 1-5 parts of natural graphite and 2-15 parts of silicon powder, preferably 85-95 parts of pitch coke, 4-5 parts of natural graphite and 3-10 parts of silicon powder.
In particular, the temperature of the first kneading treatment is room temperature, typically 10-35 ℃; the kneading treatment time is 20-30min.
The main function of the first kneading treatment in the room temperature state is to uniformly knead the raw materials and then add asphalt.
Wherein in step 2) the binder is selected from bitumen, preferably medium temperature bitumen.
In particular, the medium-temperature asphalt in the step 2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: medium temperature asphalt 35-45, preferably 38-42, and more preferably 40.
In particular, the weight portion ratio of the raw materials in the step 2) is as follows: 80-95 parts of pitch coke, 1-5 parts of natural graphite, 2-15 parts of silica powder and 35-45 parts of pitch, preferably 85-95 parts of pitch coke, 4-5 parts of natural graphite, 3-10 parts of silica powder and 38-42 parts of pitch.
In particular, the temperature of the second kneading treatment is 160-180 ℃; the kneading treatment time is 90-120min.
In particular, the second kneading process in step 2) comprises the steps of:
2A) Heating the first kneading material until the temperature of the first kneading material reaches 100-120 ℃, and adding medium-temperature asphalt melted into liquid;
2B) Continuously heating until the temperature of the materials in the kneading pot reaches 160-180 ℃, and continuously kneading for 90-120min under the condition of keeping the temperature at 160-180 ℃ to obtain a second kneaded material.
Wherein, the roller temperature is controlled to be 140-150 ℃ in the roller treatment process in the step 3); the thickness of the prepared mixed rolled sheet is 1-3mm.
In particular, the milling process is performed after the mixed flakes are cooled to room temperature.
In particular, the pressed powder particles: d50 15-25 μm, preferably 15-20 μm.
Wherein, the pressing treatment in the step 4) is isostatic pressing forming treatment.
In particular, the relative pressure is controlled to be 110-130MPa during the compression molding treatment in the step 4).
In particular, the pressed powder is placed in a plastic sleeve of a prescribed size, the plastic sleeve with the pressed powder is placed in an isostatic press, and the isostatic press is used to apply pressure to the plastic sleeve.
In particular, the relative pressure in the isostatic pressing treatment process is 110-130 MPa; the density of the green compact of the pressed carbon sleeve is 1.50-1.60g/cm 3, preferably 1.55-1.57g/cm 3.
Wherein, the roasting treatment in the step 4) comprises the following steps:
4A) Placing the pressed carbon shaft sleeve primary blank into a roasting furnace, heating to 200+/-5 ℃ and carrying out heating treatment in the first stage; wherein the heating rate of the first-stage heating treatment is 10-20 ℃/h;
4B) When the temperature reaches 200+/-5 ℃, carrying out second-stage heating treatment according to the heating rate of 5-15 ℃/h until the temperature is increased to 500+/-5 ℃;
4C) After the temperature is raised to 500+/-5 ℃, carrying out first heat preservation treatment under the condition that the temperature is kept to 500+/-5 ℃;
4D) After the first heat preservation treatment for 3-5h (preferably 4 h), performing a third-stage heat treatment according to a heat-up rate of 2-7 ℃/h until the temperature is raised to 1100+/-5 ℃;
4E) After the temperature is raised to 1100+/-5 ℃, carrying out second heat preservation treatment under the condition that the temperature is kept to 1100+/-5 ℃;
4F) And (3) after the second heat preservation treatment for 15-25h, naturally cooling to obtain a carbon shaft sleeve roasting blank.
In particular, the temperature rise rate of the first stage temperature rise treatment in step 4A) is 15 ℃/h; the temperature rising rate of the second stage temperature rising treatment in the step 4B) is 10 ℃/h; the first heat-retaining treatment time in step 4D) is preferably 4h; the heating rate of the heating treatment in the third stage is preferably 5 ℃/h; the second incubation time in step 4F) is preferably 20h.
Wherein, the graphitization treatment in the step 4) comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the roasted blank of the carbon shaft sleeve into a graphitizing furnace (such as an Acheson graphitizing furnace), and graphitizing for 80-100 hours at 2800-3000 ℃ to prepare the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve.
In particular, in the graphitization treatment process, quartz sand is used as a filler, the carbon shaft sleeve baking blank is covered by the filler, the carbon shaft sleeve baking blank is electrified and heated, and graphitization treatment is carried out for 80-100h under the condition that the temperature is 2800-3000 ℃.
Wherein, the dipping treatment in the step 4) comprises the following steps:
4-1) placing the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve after graphitization treatment into an impregnating tank, vacuumizing the impregnating tank by using a vacuum pump until the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is reduced and kept below-0.08 MPa, and vacuumizing for 1-3 hours under the condition that the relative pressure is kept below-0.08 MPa;
4-2) adding impregnating resin into the impregnating tank after vacuumizing treatment, and submerging the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve;
4-3) introducing compressed air into the impregnating tank to raise the relative pressure in the impregnating tank to 0.5-1.5MPa, and performing pressure treatment for 2.5-3.5h to obtain the carbon sleeve impregnated blank.
In particular, the relative pressure in the impregnation tank in the step 4-1) is preferably-0.08 to-0.1 MPa, and the vacuumizing treatment time is preferably 2 hours; the impregnating resin in the step 4-2) is one or more of furan resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin, preferably furan resin.
In step 4-1), the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve is cut into strips or cylinders with required specifications according to the specifications of the finished product, and then the strips or cylinders are placed into an impregnating tank for the vacuumizing treatment; the resin solids content of the impregnating resin in step 4-2) is from 35 to 45%, preferably from 38 to 42%.
In particular, the resin content of the furan resin is 35 to 45%, preferably 38 to 42%.
In particular, the pressure treatment time in step 4-3) is preferably 2.5 to 3 hours; the relative pressure is preferably 1MPa.
Wherein, the curing treatment in the step 4) is carried out, and the curing temperature in the process is 160-200 ℃; the curing time is 8-10h.
In particular, the impregnated carbon sleeve is allowed to air dry for at least 24 hours, typically 24-48 hours, and then subjected to the curing process.
In particular, the curing treatment is to put the carbon sleeve impregnated product into an oven and heat.
The invention also provides the carbon shaft sleeve for the electronic water pump of the new energy automobile, which is prepared by the method.
The carbon shaft sleeve for the new energy automobile electronic water pump comprises the following raw materials: pitch coke, natural graphite, silica powder and adhesive.
Wherein the raw materials are prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
In particular, the weight proportion of the raw materials is preferably as follows
In particular, the weight proportion of the silicon powder in the raw materials is preferably 4-6; the binder is selected from asphalt, preferably medium temperature asphalt.
In particular, the pitch coke: ash content is less than or equal to 1%; volatile components are less than or equal to 2 percent; the water content is less than or equal to 2 percent; particle size D50-15 μm; the natural graphite: the carbon content is more than or equal to 95 percent; particle size D50-50 μm; the silicon powder comprises the following components: the silicon content is more than or equal to 95 percent; particle size D50-50 μm; the medium-temperature asphalt comprises the following components: volatile 60-70%; the softening point is 75-90 ℃.
In particular, the material also comprises the following raw materials: an impregnating resin, wherein the impregnating resin is selected from one or more of furan resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin, preferably furan resin.
The asphalt coke, the natural graphite and the silicon powder are put into a kneading pot to be kneaded for 20 to 30 minutes at normal temperature, the kneading pot starts to be heated and kneaded, when the temperature of materials in the pot is between 100 and 120 ℃, the melted liquid medium-temperature asphalt is added into the kneading pot, the kneading pot is heated and kneaded for 90 to 120 minutes (the temperature of the materials in the pot is between 160 and 180 ℃), the powder is discharged from the kneading pot, after being rolled and cooled, the powder is ground into fine powder by an airflow mill (the ground powder particles are D50 to 20 mu m) to prepare powder, and the powder is subjected to isostatic compaction, roasting, furan resin impregnation, curing and machining to prepare the finished product.
And adding a proper amount of silicon powder, wherein part of silicon reacts with carbon to generate silicon carbide in the high-temperature roasting and graphitizing treatment process, the generated silicon carbide is used as an antiwear agent to increase the wear resistance of the product, and a small amount of unreacted graphite powder and silicon powder are arranged around the formed silicon carbide, and can be used as a lubricant to improve the service life of the product and reduce the abrasion of the product to a water pump shaft. The silicon powder with proper amount is added into the ceramic powder, so that the strength of the product is improved, the hardness of the product is increased, and the wear resistance of the product is improved. The addition amount of silicon powder is recommended to be 3% -10%, the addition amount is too small, the generated silicon carbide amount is small, and the wear resistance is poor; too much is added, the hardness of the product is too high, and the shaft is easy to wear. Proper amount of natural graphite is added, and the natural graphite has a self-lubricating effect and can reduce the abrasion of the carbon shaft sleeve on the shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the carbon shaft sleeve prepared by the method has high hardness, silicon carbide is generated by silicon powder and carbon in the high-temperature roasting treatment process, the hardness and wear resistance of the product are improved, the Shore hardness reaches more than 82, the high hardness of the carbon shaft sleeve is ensured, and the carbon shaft sleeve is ensured not to be worn due to the high hardness.
The carbon shaft sleeve prepared by the method has high wear resistance, prolongs the service lives of the carbon shaft sleeve and a shaft matched with the carbon shaft sleeve, obviously reduces the wear of the carbon shaft sleeve and the shaft when the carbon shaft sleeve is used, and has the average wear of less than 0.104mm/1000hr and the wear of less than 0.042mm.
According to the method, natural graphite is added in the process of preparing the carbon shaft sleeve, so that the wear resistance of the carbon shaft sleeve is improved, and the abrasion of a shaft matched with the carbon shaft sleeve for use can be reduced.
The carbon shaft sleeve prepared by the method is not only suitable for an automobile electronic water pump, but also suitable for a water pump of a dish washer, a coffee machine, a water purifier and the like, and the molding density (the porosity) or the impregnated resin amount (the porosity after impregnation), the impregnated resin model and the like are adjusted according to different use conditions.
According to the method, isostatic pressing is adopted for forming, and the formed density of the prepared carbon shaft sleeve is higher than that of compression molding, so that isotropy of a product is ensured, the strength of the product is improved, and the wear resistance of the product is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the description. These examples are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of details and forms of the technical solution of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these changes and substitutions fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
2. Putting asphalt coke, natural graphite and silicon powder into a kneading pot, and carrying out first kneading treatment at normal temperature (20-25 ℃) to obtain a first kneaded material, wherein the first kneading time is 25 minutes (usually 20-30 minutes);
3. After the first kneading treatment is carried out for 25min, a kneading pot cover is closed, a heat conducting oil heating device at the bottom of the kneading pot is started, molten liquid medium-temperature asphalt is added until the temperature of the first kneading material reaches 110 ℃ (usually 100-120 ℃), heating is continued until the temperature of the material in the kneading pot reaches and is kept at 170 ℃ (usually 160-180 ℃), kneading is continued for 110min (usually 90-120 min), and a second kneading material is prepared;
4. discharging the second kneading material from the kneading pot, and feeding the second kneading material into a roller machine for roller treatment, wherein the roller treatment is carried out, and the sheet-shaped mixed rolled sheet is manufactured, and the roller temperature in the roller treatment process is 145 ℃ (usually 140-150 ℃); the thickness of the mixed rolled sheet is 2mm (usually 1-3 mm);
5. After the mixed rolled sheet is cooled, the mixed rolled sheet is sent into an airflow mill for milling treatment to obtain pressed powder, wherein the particle size of the pressed powder particles is controlled to be 15-20 mu m;
The first kneading time is exemplified by 25min, and other times such as 20-30min are also suitable for the present invention; the temperature of the materials when adding the melted asphalt is exemplified by 110 ℃, and other temperatures such as 100-120 ℃ when adding the melted asphalt are also suitable for the invention; the second kneading temperature is exemplified by 170℃and other temperatures such as 160-180℃are also suitable for the present invention; the second kneading time is exemplified by 110min, and other times such as 90-120min are also suitable for the invention; the roll treatment temperature is 145 ℃ for example, and other temperatures such as 140-150 ℃ are also suitable for the present invention; the thickness of the mixed rolled sheet is exemplified by 2mm, and other thicknesses such as 1-3mm are also suitable for the invention; the particle size of the pressed powder obtained by the milling treatment is exemplified by 15-20 μm in D50, and other particle sizes such as 15-25 μm in D50 are suitable for the present invention.
6. Feeding the pressed powder into an isostatic press, and performing isostatic pressing forming treatment to obtain a carbon shaft sleeve green body, wherein the relative pressure of the pressing forming treatment is 120MPa (generally 110-130 MPa); the green carbon sleeve produced has a density of 1.56g/cm 3 (typically 1.50-1.60g/cm 3, preferably 1.55-1.57g/cm 3).
In the isostatic pressing forming treatment process, the relative pressure is exemplified by 120MPa, and other relative pressures such as 110-130MPa are also suitable for the invention; the green carbon sleeve produced has a density of, for example, 1.56g/cm 3, and other densities, such as 1.50-1.60g/cm 3, preferably 1.55-1.57g/cm 3, are suitable for use in the present invention.
7. Placing the pressed carbon sleeve green body in a roasting furnace, heating, and carrying out heating treatment in the first stage at a heating rate of 15 ℃/h (usually 10-20 ℃/h) until the temperature is increased to 200+/-5 ℃; after the temperature reaches 200+/-5 ℃, heating at a heating rate of 10 ℃/h (usually 5-15 ℃/h) to perform second-stage heating treatment until the temperature is increased to 500+/-5 ℃; performing a first heat preservation treatment under the condition that the temperature is kept to be 500+/-5 ℃; after the first heat-preserving treatment for 4 hours (usually 3-5 hours), carrying out a third-stage heat-preserving treatment at a heat-up rate of 5 ℃/h (usually 2-7 ℃/h) until the temperature is raised to 1100+/-5 ℃; carrying out second heat preservation treatment under the condition that the temperature is kept at 1100+/-5 ℃; and (3) after the second heat preservation treatment for 20 hours (usually 15-25 hours), naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the carbon shaft sleeve roasting blank.
In the roasting treatment process, the heating rate of the first-stage heating treatment is exemplified by 15 ℃/h, and other heating rates such as 10-20 ℃/h are applicable to the invention; the heating rate of the second stage heating treatment is exemplified by 10 ℃/h, and other heating rates such as 5-15 ℃/h are applicable to the invention; the first heat preservation treatment time is taken as an example of 4 hours, and other heat preservation time such as 3-5 hours are applicable to the invention; the heating rate of the heating treatment in the third stage is exemplified by 5 ℃/h, and other heating rates such as 2-7 ℃/h are applicable to the invention; the second incubation time is exemplified by 20 hours, and other times such as 15-25 hours are suitable for the present invention.
In the roasting treatment process, the temperature is below 200 ℃, and small molecular organic matters in asphalt are mainly carbonized; the main macromolecular organic matters are carbonized at the temperature of more than 200 ℃; in the heating treatment process, the temperature difference exists between the surface and the inside of the product, so that the heating rate is too high, and if the product is heated unevenly, the shrinkage of the product is inconsistent, and the internal cracks and the cracking of the product are easily caused.
In the roasting heating process, heat preservation treatment is carried out by adopting different temperatures so as to ensure that the internal temperature and the surface temperature of the product are consistent, and the cracking of the product is avoided, so that the defective rate is increased.
8. Placing the roasted blank of the carbon shaft sleeve into an Acheson graphitizing furnace, taking quartz sand as a filler, covering the roasted blank with the quartz sand filler, starting a power supply, electrifying and heating, and graphitizing for 90 hours (usually 80-100 hours) under the condition that the temperature is 2900 ℃ (usually 2800-3000 ℃), so as to obtain a graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve;
in the embodiment of the invention, graphitization treatment temperature is exemplified by 2900 ℃, and other 2800-3000 ℃ are also suitable for the invention; the graphitization treatment time is exemplified by 90 hours, and other times of 80-100 hours are also suitable for the invention.
9. Cutting a graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve into strips or cylinders with required sizes according to the specifications of a finished product, placing the strips or cylinders in an impregnating tank, starting a vacuumizing pump to vacuumize until the relative pressure in the tank is reduced to-0.1 MPa (namely the gauge pressure of the vacuum pump is-0.1 MPa, usually-0.08 to-0.1 MPa), vacuumizing for 2 hours (usually 1-3 hours) under the condition that the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is-0.1 MPa, injecting furan resin solution into the impregnating tank, wherein the solid content of furan resin is 40% (usually 35-45% and below 38-42%), injecting compressed air into the impregnating tank after the furan resin solution submerges the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve, and performing pressurization treatment until the relative pressure in the tank reaches and is kept to be 1MPa (usually 0.5-1.5 MPa), and performing pressurization treatment for 2.5 hours (usually 2.5-3.5 hours) under the condition that the relative pressure in the tank is kept to be 1MPa (usually 0.5-1.5 MPa), so as to obtain a carbon shaft sleeve impregnated product;
In the dipping treatment process, the relative pressure (namely gauge pressure) in the dipping tank is reduced to-0.1 MPa by vacuumizing, and other relative pressures such as-0.08 to-0.1 MPa are suitable for the invention; the vacuumizing treatment time is exemplified by 2 hours, and other vacuumizing treatment time is 1-3 hours, which are applicable to the invention; the liquid resin used for impregnation is taken as an example of furan resin, and other liquid phenolic resins and epoxy resins are suitable for the invention; the furan resin has a solids content of 40% for example, and other solids contents such as 35 to 45%, preferably 38 to 42%, are suitable for use in the present invention; in the pressurizing treatment stage, the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is exemplified by 1MPa, and other relative pressures such as 0.5-1.5MPa are applicable to the invention; the pressure impregnation treatment time is exemplified by 2.5 hours, and other impregnation times such as 2.5 to 3.5 hours are applicable to the present invention.
The impregnating resin is used for improving the mechanical strength pair and the wear resistance of the carbon shaft sleeve, the resin is impregnated into the carbon shaft sleeve roasting blank, and the porosity of the carbon shaft sleeve is controlled by adjusting the solid content, the impregnating pressure and the impregnating time of the impregnating resin, so that the strength of a product is improved.
10. Taking out the carbon sleeve impregnated product and airing the carbon sleeve impregnated product in air for 24 hours (usually at least 24 hours, preferably 24-48 hours), then putting the carbon sleeve impregnated product into an oven, heating the carbon sleeve impregnated product, and carrying out curing treatment, wherein the curing temperature is 180+/-5 ℃ (usually 160-200 ℃); the curing time is 9 hours (usually 8-10 hours), and the carbon shaft sleeve curing product is prepared;
The invention has the function of airing the carbon shaft sleeve impregnated product in the air: the product is prevented from being adhered together due to carbonization of the resin in the subsequent curing treatment process; and after the resin is dried, the resin on the surface is partially cured, so that the phenomenon that the resin immersed in the product overflows due to heating in the curing process, so that the immersing amount is insufficient and the porosity is high is avoided.
In the curing process, the air-drying time of the carbon shaft sleeve impregnated product in the air is exemplified by 24 hours, and other times such as 24-48 hours are also suitable for the invention; the curing temperature is exemplified by 180+ -5deg.C, and other curing temperatures such as 160-200deg.C are suitable for the present invention; the curing time is exemplified by 9 hours, and other curing times such as 8-10 hours are also suitable for use in the present invention.
11. And machining the solidified carbon shaft sleeve to prepare the carbon shaft sleeve product.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 2
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Steps 2-10) the green carbon sleeve produced was 1.57g/cm 3 (typically 1.50-1.60g/cm 3, preferably 1.55-1.57g/cm 3) in density as in example 1.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 2A
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Except that the relative pressure of the isostatic pressing treatment in the step 6) is 130MPa, the green density of the prepared carbon sleeve is 1.60g/cm 3; the temperature rising rate of the temperature rising treatment in the first stage in the step 7) is 10 ℃/h; the temperature rising rate of the second temperature rising stage is 5 ℃/h; the first heat preservation treatment time is 3 hours; the temperature rising rate of the third temperature rising stage is 7 ℃/h; the second heat preservation treatment time is 25h; step 9), vacuumizing for 2 hours when the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is kept at-0.099 MPa; the solid content of furan resin is 42%; the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the pressure impregnation was carried out for 3.5 hours while maintaining the relative pressure at 1.5 MPa.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 3
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Steps 2-10) the green carbon sleeve produced was 1.55g/cm 3 (typically 1.50-1.60g/cm 3, preferably 1.55-1.57g/cm 3) in density as in example 1.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 3A
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Except that the relative pressure of the isostatic pressing treatment in the step 6) is 110MPa, the green density of the prepared carbon sleeve is 1.53g/cm 3; the temperature rising rate of the temperature rising treatment in the first stage in the step 7) is 20 ℃/h; the temperature rising rate of the second temperature rising stage is 15 ℃/h; the first heat preservation treatment time is 5 hours; the temperature rising rate of the third temperature rising stage is 2 ℃/h; the second heat preservation treatment time is 15h; step 9), vacuumizing for 3 hours when the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is kept at-0.099 MPa; the solid content of furan resin is 38%; the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the pressure impregnation was carried out for 3.5 hours while maintaining the relative pressure at 1.5 MPa.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 4
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Pitch coke 95
Natural graphite 5
Medium temperature asphalt 40
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except that no silica powder was added in step 2, and the green carbon sleeve was prepared to have a density of 1.55g/cm 3.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
Example 5
1. The materials were prepared according to the following weight (kg)
Pitch coke 95
Silica flour 5
Medium temperature asphalt 40
The procedure of example 1 was repeated except that natural graphite was not added in step 2, and the green carbon sleeve was prepared to have a density of 1.57g/cm 3.
According to JBT8133.1, part 1 of the method for testing the physicochemical properties of electric carbon products: sample processing is carried out on the solidified sample; the shore hardness, flexural strength, bulk density and open porosity of the processed samples were measured by JBT8133.4, JBT8133.7, JBT8133.14 and JBT8133.15, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1, and the results are average values.
TABLE 1 determination of physical Properties of carbon sleeve products
From the measurement results in table 1, it can be seen that: the Shore hardness and the flexural strength of the carbon shaft sleeve sample are also increased along with the increase of the addition amount of the silicon powder in the carbon shaft sleeve;
The hardness of the carbon shaft sleeve is high, the Shore hardness is more than 82 and reaches 82-98; the flexural strength is high and reaches more than 65MPa and 65-86MPa;
test example carbon shaft sleeve service life test
The carbon shaft sleeves prepared in examples 1 to 5 were assembled in an electronic water pump of a new energy automobile, and a life test was performed on the carbon shaft sleeve using an "electric water pump endurance test stand", wherein test conditions were as follows
Medium: glycol/water mixture (60:40 by volume);
medium temperature: constant temperature 90 ℃;
ambient temperature: constant temperature 80 ℃;
The water pump opening time is as follows: working for 59.5min and resting for 0.5min;
parameters of the water pump: the lift is 11 meters; the flow rate is more than 1200L/h; the power of the electronic water pump is 120W.
The test results are shown in Table 2:
Table 2 results of using test of carbon shaft sleeve in electronic water pump
The test results in table 2 show that:
1. The carbon shaft sleeve is added with a proper amount of natural graphite, so that the abrasion loss of the water pump shaft is reduced;
2. The carbon shaft sleeve is added with a proper amount of silica powder, so that the wear resistance of the product is improved, but the silica powder is added too much, and the wear of a water pump shaft is increased.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and illustration only and is not intended to be limiting. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the metes and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such metes and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the carbon shaft sleeve for the electronic water pump of the new energy automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Putting asphalt coke, natural graphite and silicon powder into a kneading pot for first kneading treatment to prepare a first kneading material, wherein: the asphalt coke, the natural graphite and the silicon powder are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of pitch coke, 1-5 parts of natural graphite and 2-15 parts of silicon powder;
2) Heating and melting the adhesive, adding the adhesive into a kneading pot, mixing with the first kneading material, and carrying out second kneading treatment to obtain a second kneading material, wherein the adhesive is asphalt with the weight ratio of 35-45;
3) Carrying out roller treatment on the second kneaded material to prepare a sheet-shaped mixed rolled sheet, cooling the mixed rolled sheet, and carrying out grinding treatment to prepare pressed powder;
4) Sequentially carrying out compression molding treatment, roasting treatment, graphitization treatment, impregnation treatment, solidification treatment and machining treatment on the pressed powder to obtain a finished product of the carbon shaft sleeve, wherein: the press forming treatment is isostatic press forming, and the relative pressure is controlled to be 110-130MPa in the press forming treatment process; the graphitization treatment temperature is 2800-3000 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the binder in step 2) is medium temperature asphalt.
3. The preparation method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the asphalt coke, the natural graphite, the silicon powder and the adhesive are mixed according to the following weight parts: 85-95 parts of pitch coke, 4-5 parts of natural graphite, 3-10 parts of silicon powder and 38-42 parts of adhesive.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the particles of the compact in step 3) are: d50 15-25 μm.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the particles of the compact in step 3) are: d50 is 15-20 μm.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impregnation treatment in step 4) comprises the steps of:
4-1) placing the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve after graphitization treatment into an impregnating tank, vacuumizing the impregnating tank by using a vacuum pump until the relative pressure in the impregnating tank is reduced and kept below-0.08 MPa, and vacuumizing for 1-3 hours under the condition that the relative pressure is kept below-0.08 MPa;
4-2) adding impregnating resin into the impregnating tank after vacuumizing treatment, and submerging the graphitized blank of the carbon shaft sleeve;
4-3) introducing compressed air into the impregnating tank to raise the relative pressure in the impregnating tank to 0.5-1.5MPa, and performing pressure treatment for 2.5-3.5h to obtain the carbon sleeve impregnated blank.
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