CN115622661A

CN115622661A - Signal transmission method and device

Info

Publication number: CN115622661A
Application number: CN202110796340.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方健; 袁瑞敏; 白宝明; 王加庆; 索士强
Original assignee: Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-14
Filing date: 2021-07-14
Publication date: 2023-01-17
Also published as: WO2023284754A1

Abstract

The application discloses a signal transmission method and a signal transmission device, which are used for realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability, low-complexity and high-throughput data transmission. The signal sending method provided by the application comprises the following steps: determining a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection for a data frame needing transmission currently; carrying out error correction coding on the first data bits, and carrying out interleaving processing on the code words obtained after the error correction coding to obtain code word bits after the interleaving processing; and selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving processing.

Description

Signal transmission method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a signal transmission method and apparatus.

Background

The 6G wireless communication is expected to have wide coverage, full spectrum, strong security, and full application as vision, and the channel coding and modulation techniques are key physical layer techniques for these requirements.

The future 6G has the technical index requirements of higher spectral efficiency and power efficiency, higher reliability and lower time delay, but the performance of the existing coding modulation scheme cannot be met, and particularly under the requirements of large constellation and high spectral efficiency, a system with low complexity and high reliability has no specific solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a signal transmission method and a signal transmission device, which are used for realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability, low-complexity and high-throughput data transmission.

At a sending end, a signal sending method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

determining a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection for a data frame needing transmission currently;

carrying out error correction coding on the first data bits, and carrying out interleaving processing on the code words obtained after the error correction coding to obtain code word bits after the interleaving processing;

and selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving processing.

Determining a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection for a data frame needing transmission currently by the method; carrying out error correction coding on the first data bit, and carrying out interleaving processing on a code word obtained after error correction coding to obtain a code word bit after interleaving processing; and selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving, thereby realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability, low-complexity and high-throughput data transmission.

Optionally, selecting a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after interleaving, specifically including:

and selecting constellation points as transmission symbols by utilizing the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving and combining a preset mapping relation between the constellation points and the binary labels.

Optionally, each of the binary labels comprises an upper and a lower binary label.

Optionally, the transmission symbol includes high order bits and low order bits, the high order bits are selected from the code word bits after the interleaving process, and the low order bits are selected from the second data bits.

Optionally, the mapping relationship is established as follows:

performing subset division on a constellation, performing gray coding or quasi-gray coding on a representative element in each subset, and using a coding result as a subset index, wherein the representative element in each subset is a constellation point at a preset position in the subset;

carrying out Gray coding or quasi-Gray coding on each constellation point in each subset, and taking a coding result as an index in the subset of the constellation point;

and establishing a mapping relation between the constellation points and the binary labels by utilizing the subset indexes and the intra-subset indexes of the constellation points, wherein for each constellation point, the subset indexes and the intra-subset indexes of the constellation points form the binary labels of the constellation points, the subset indexes of the constellation points are used as the binary labels of the high-order parts, and the intra-subset indexes of the constellation points are used as the binary labels of the low-order parts.

Optionally, for a data frame that needs to be currently transmitted, determining a first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding and a second data bit that does not need to be protected by error correction coding, specifically including:

determining a modulation order, a code rate of error correction coding and a subset size of the subset according to the target spectrum efficiency;

taking a logarithm taking 2 as a base number of the modulation order as a total length m of the binary label;

taking a base-2 logarithm of the subset size as the length l of the lower portion binary label;

determining a proportion of the second data bits to the total bits of the data frame by:

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

and dividing the data frame into two parts according to the proportion, wherein the two parts are the first data bit and the second data bit respectively.

Optionally, the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the method further includes:

carrying out outer code coding on an information sequence of a data frame which needs to be transmitted currently;

and carrying out interleaving processing on the result of the outer code after encoding.

At a receiving end, a signal receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

after the transmission symbol is transmitted by a channel, a receiving symbol is obtained at a receiving end, and the receiving symbol is demodulated to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required by error correction decoding;

respectively performing de-interleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required by the error correction decoding to obtain a second data bit for performing the error correction coding and obtain a high-order bit of a binary label of the transmission symbol, and determining a subset to which the transmission symbol belongs by using the high-order bit;

and according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, performing hard decision by using the soft information of the transmission symbol, and determining the data bit of the lower bit in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol.

Optionally, the error correction decoding is specifically an inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset service quality requirement, the method further includes:

and respectively performing de-interleaving and outer code decoding processing on the decoding result to obtain a final decoding result.

The embodiment of the application provides a signal transmission device, which comprises:

a memory for storing program instructions;

a processor for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing according to the obtained program:

and selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving.

Optionally, selecting a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after the interleaving, specifically including:

and selecting constellation points as transmission symbols by utilizing the second data bits and the code word bits after the interleaving processing and combining a preset mapping relation between the constellation points and the binary labels.

Optionally, the mapping relationship is established as follows:

taking a base-2 logarithm of the subset size as the length l of the lower part binary label;

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

Optionally, the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the processor is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to an obtained program:

and carrying out interleaving processing on the result of the outer code coding.

Optionally, the processor is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

Optionally, the error correction decoding is specifically internal code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to an obtained program:

At a receiving end, a signal receiving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

a memory for storing program instructions;

Another signal sending apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

a first unit, configured to determine, for a data frame that needs to be currently transmitted, a first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding and a second data bit that does not need to be protected by error correction coding;

a second unit, configured to perform error correction coding on the first data bits, and perform interleaving processing on the codewords obtained after the error correction coding to obtain interleaved codeword bits;

and a third unit, configured to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after interleaving processing.

Another signal receiving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

a fourth unit, configured to obtain a received symbol at a receiving end after the transmission symbol is transmitted through a channel, and demodulate the received symbol to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required for error correction decoding;

a fifth unit, configured to perform de-interleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required by the error correction decoding, respectively, to obtain a second data bit for performing the error correction coding, and obtain a high-order bit of the binary label of the transmission symbol, and determine a subset to which the transmission symbol belongs by using the high-order bit;

a sixth unit, configured to perform hard decision by using the soft information of the transmission symbol according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, and determine a lower-order data bit in a decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol.

Another embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used for storing program instructions, and the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing any one of the methods according to the obtained program.

Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform any one of the methods described above.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the 8-ASK (8-ary amplitude shift keying) subset partitioning process provided in the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of channels equivalent to independent parallel channels in an MLC scheme;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coded modulation system in a BICM scheme;

fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of an encoding framework of a transmitting end provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of a decoding framework of the receiving end according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between constellation points in a subset according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of gray mapping of 16 points provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating results of a 64-QAM subset partitioning mapping according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame of another signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a decoding method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Since TCM (Trellis Coded Modulation) was proposed, the design concept of Coded Modulation was fully developed, and the idea of Coded Modulation is to jointly optimize coding and Modulation to improve the performance of the digital transmission scheme. TCM, MLC (multi-level Coding), and BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation) are typical bandwidth-efficient Coded Modulation schemes.

TCM is based on set partitioning, and system reliability is improved by maximizing the minimum Euclidean distance in a subset. TCM allows greater coding gain than conventional uncoded multi-layer modulation without compromising bandwidth efficiency. The large constellation is partitioned by successive binary and the partitioning process maps subsets to binary address codewords one-to-one. The binary address is divided into two parts: coded bits and uncoded bits. The least significant binary symbols are convolutionally encoded and the most significant binary symbols need not be encoded. The core idea is to optimize the system reliability by increasing the minimum euclidean distance within the subset.

Whereas MLC protects data on each layer bit by binary coding. Originally, MLCs were proposed for one-dimensional signals in combination with binary labels. A corresponding coding scheme needs to be designed to maximize the euclidean distance, thereby improving reliability.

Signal constellation defining M =2M order modulation

Where M denotes the size of the constellation, which is a power of 2, that is to say M is a power of 2, which is M. Constellation points are denoted by a _ i, i = 0. Establishing a one-to-one mapping relation between the constellation points and the binary vectors, namely allocating a binary label x = (x) with the length of m to each constellation point ⁰ ,x ¹ ,…,x ^m-1 ). For MLC, this mapping relationship is established by way of subset partitioning. As an example, fig. 1 shows a subset partitioning process of 8-ASK (8-ary amplitude shift keying).

First, at layer 0, signal sets

Divided into two parts, i.e. subsets

And

layer 1 was obtained. Then, at the ith level, i ≧ 1, each subset

Further divided into two subsets

And

the i +1 th layer was obtained. This division is continued until the mth layer, where each layer contains only one constellation point.

The transmitted signal is taken from a constellation. The transmit signal is transmitted in a channel. The signal output by the channel is denoted by Y. Since the transmitted signal and its label are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, the mutual information between the transmitted signal and the received signal is equal to the mutual information between the transmitted signal label and the received signal, i.e., I (Y; a) = I (Y: X) ⁰ ,…,X ^m-1 )。

Using the chain rule, can be obtained

I(Y；A)＝I(Y；X ⁰ ,X ¹ ,…,X ^m-1 )

＝I(Y；X ⁰ )+I(Y；X ¹ |X ⁰ )+…

+I(Y；X ^m-1 |X ⁰ ,X ¹ ,…,X ^m-2 ) (1)

According to equation (1), the channels are equivalent to independent parallel channels, as shown in fig. 2.

The BICM is that a bit interleaver is added between a channel encoder and a modulator, and the channel encoder and the modulator are separately designed to improve the reliability of the wireless digital communication system under a fading channel. Fig. 3 shows a general block diagram of a coded modulation system.

The BICM scheme has a constrained relationship between the attenuated constellation size, constellation point index and coding choice. It is well known that BICM with indices of the gray constellation can work within fractions of a decibel of the shannon limit. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, BICM is generally considered a practical coded modulation method. Furthermore, the BICM scheme allows the use of codes with longer lengths for fixed frame lengths than the MLC method, potentially with higher coding gains.

The interleaving techniques in high-order modulation can be further generally divided into intra-block interleaving and inter-block interleaving, and can also be divided into bit interleaving and symbol interleaving according to interleaving granularity, and in general, the bit interleaving is better than the symbol interleaving, but the complexity of the bit interleaving is much higher than that of the symbol interleaving.

In conclusion:

MLC schemes have potentially high complexity due to their bit-level coding, and the corresponding hierarchical decoding results in high latency. Therefore, since the MLC is proposed, it cannot be applied well, and the design requirement of its coded modulation scheme is relatively high, and the performance difference of different design schemes is large. Although MLC provides asymptotic coding close to shannon limit and flexible transmission rate in information theory, the reliability of hierarchical decoding is drastically reduced due to poor bit error rate performance of its lower layers, and the complexity and delay of multi-layer coding and hierarchical decoding are high.

The performance of BICM depends on the signal mapping scheme used by the signal, and compared with the subset partitioning, the gray mapping design is more helpful for the initial decoding iteration, and can achieve a higher subset partitioning order and a maximized minimum euclidean distance in a non-iterative system. Although the BICM transmission rate is flexible and the complexity is low, the coding gain is not significant compared to the MLC, and still needs to be further improved.

Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides: to achieve a spectrally efficient transmission, 6G systems will employ larger signal constellations. For large signal constellations, the system typically operates in the higher signal-to-noise ratio region. In a certain layer of the division chain of the constellation subset, the distance between constellation points in the subset is large enough relative to the working signal-to-noise ratio, so that the reliability of index bits of the constellation points in the subset is high, the bits can reach a low Error probability only by simple coding protection (even without coding protection), and complex soft-decision strong FEC (Forward Error Correction) code protection is not required. Only the bits of the index subset need to be strongly protected, so that the coding capability can be effectively utilized, and the design of a coding modulation system is simplified, thereby realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability and high-throughput data transmission.

The embodiment of the application provides a signal transmission method and a signal transmission device, which are used for realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability and high-throughput data transmission.

The method and the device are based on the same application concept, and because the principles of solving the problems of the method and the device are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be mutually referred, and repeated parts are not described again.

Various embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the display sequence in the embodiments of the present application only represents the sequence of the embodiments, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application comprehensively utilizes the advantages of MLC and BICM, adopts the design idea of 'serial cascade coding + hybrid MLC/BICM', hierarchically protects the mark bits of constellation points, and realizes better compromise between performance and complexity. The functional block diagram is shown in fig. 4 (fig. 4a is the encoding block diagram of the transmitting end, and fig. 4b is the decoding block diagram of the receiving end). Where u denotes an information sequence (i.e., bits of a frame signal), v denotes a codeword encoded by an outer code, c denotes a codeword encoded by an inner code, x denotes a transmission symbol sequence transmitted to a channel, and y denotes a received symbol sequence.

It should be noted that, the inner code encoding and the outer code encoding in the embodiment of the present application both belong to error correction encoding, and in the following embodiment that only the inner code encoding is performed, they are directly referred to as error correction encoding without distinguishing the inner code encoding and the outer code encoding.

In the embodiment of the application, for a data frame which needs to be transmitted currently, a first data bit which needs to be protected by error correction coding and a second data bit which does not need to be protected by error correction coding are determined; carrying out error correction coding on the first data bit, and carrying out interleaving processing on a code word obtained after the error correction coding to obtain a code word bit after the interleaving processing; and selecting constellation points from the signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving processing.

Optionally, the constellation point is selected as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after interleaving and combining a preset mapping relationship between the constellation point and the binary label.

Optionally, each of the binary labels comprises an upper binary label and a lower binary label; each transmission symbol comprises two parts of bits, namely an upper bit and a lower bit, and each transmission symbol is consistent with the binary label of the transmission symbol.

In the embodiment of the present application, a binary label is determined for each constellation point, which is actually equivalent to "naming" the constellation point. The naming process includes the process of partitioning subsets of the constellation and gray coding. Before the system works, the binary label is fixed, that is, the mapping relation between the binary label and the constellation point is established. When data is transmitted, several bits are taken from the interleaved code word bits and the second data bits respectively, a binary label is pieced out according to high and low bits, then constellation points matched with the binary label are found for transmission, and each transmission symbol is practically consistent with the binary label of the transmission symbol.

A specific explanation is given below with respect to fig. 4.

For the structure in fig. 4, there are two alternative processing methods:

the first method comprises the following steps: for the service type with the preset service quality requirement, at the sending end, the outer code and the interleaver connected with the outer code in fig. 4a are removed; accordingly, at the receiving end, the outer code decoding in fig. 4b and the deinterleaver connected to the outer code decoding are removed.

In the first processing mode, since there is no outer code encoding and decoding, the error correction encoding, i.e., inner code encoding, and the error correction decoding, i.e., inner code decoding.

Specifically, for the first service type, for example, the corresponding QoS indicator is packet error rate =1e-4, that is, the required packet error rate is lower than 1e-4, then, no outer code encoding and decoding is adopted;

the system is suitable for high-order modulation and high-spectrum-efficiency scenes, and the spectrum efficiency is at least 4 bits/2-dimensional symbol.

The code rate and modulation order of the inner code coding are selected appropriately according to the following table 1 (only as an example, and not limiting the present application) at the target spectrum efficiency.

TABLE 1

It should be noted that the constellation described in the embodiments of the present application is a power of 2.

According to table 1, a signal constellation is divided into subsets of a certain number of layers.

In the embodiment of the present application, a mapping relationship between a constellation point and a binary label is preset, that is, a label represented by a binary is designed for the constellation point, and each binary label includes two binary labels of a high bit and a low bit. The lower bits of the label are used to index constellation points within the subset and the upper bits of the label are used to index the subset. When designing the index of the subset, gray coding or quasi-gray coding may be used. For the indices of the constellation points within the subset, gray coding or quasi-gray coding is also used.

The error correcting code having a strong error correcting capability may be selected, for example, an LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) code, a Polar code, or the like.

The interleaver adopts a random interleaver.

At a transmitting end, referring to fig. 4a, a multi-layer encoding process provided in an embodiment of the present application includes, for example:

using table 1 above, according to the target spectrum efficiency, the modulation order, the code rate of the error correction coding, and the subset size of the subset can be determined;

taking a logarithm with the base of 2 as the modulation order, that is, the total length (including high order and low order) of the binary label of the constellation point, which is denoted as m.

Taking the logarithm taking the base 2 as the subset size, namely the length of the low order bit in the binary label of the constellation point, and marking as l.

For a data frame with a length of k, the data frame is divided into two parts, namely a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection are determinedTwo data bits. Wherein the ratio of not error correction coding is

Wherein R is _in For the code rate of error correction coding, the remaining bits need to be error correction coded.

And carrying out error correction coding on the first data bit at the code rate.

And randomly interleaving the error correction coding result.

Taking out l bits from the second data bits as the low order bits of the binary label. (m-l) bits are taken from the first data bits as the upper bits of the binary label. Using this label, a modulation symbol, i.e. a complete binary label of a constellation point, i.e. a bit sequence transmitted by the constellation point, can be obtained.

Accordingly, at the receiving end, referring to fig. 4b, the multi-stage decoding process provided in the embodiment of the present application includes, for example:

the received symbols are demodulated, the demodulator calculating on the one hand the soft information required for error correction decoding, i.e. the soft information relating to the upper bits of each transmitted symbol (the upper bits of a transmitted symbol are the code word bits), and on the other hand the soft information of the transmitted symbol. The soft information described in the embodiments of the present application is a log likelihood ratio or a likelihood probability.

And de-interleaving soft information required by error correction decoding.

And transmitting the soft information after de-interleaving to an error correction decoder for decoding.

The (m-l) · R coded in each transmission symbol can be obtained from the error correction decoding result _in The data bits, i.e., the data bits (from the first data bit) of the higher bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol are obtained. The subset to which the transmission symbol belongs (the index of the subset, which is the data bit of the upper bits) is also determined by error correction decoding.

After the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs is determined, the soft information of the transmission symbol is used to obtain the l data bits that are not protected by error correction coding in each transmission symbol, i.e. the data bits (from the second data bit) of the lower bits in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol, by using a hard decision method.

And the second method comprises the following steps: for a service type with a preset service quality requirement, specifically, for example, for the second service type, for example, the corresponding QoS indicator is packet error rate =1e-7, that is, the required packet error rate is lower than 1e-7, then outer code encoding and decoding may be adopted. I.e. using the complete structure shown in fig. 4.

Inner code encoding requires that the bit error rate be reduced to a certain threshold, e.g. 10 ^-3 Therefore, the error correction capability of the inner code encoding does not need to be strong. The optional inner code may be a Low Density Generator Matrix (LDGM) code, in addition to the LDPC code, polar.

The outer code encoding may be an algebraic code using hard-decision decoding, such as a BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) code, or a code using soft-decision decoding, such as an LDPC code.

At a transmitting end, referring to fig. 4a, an encoding process provided in an embodiment of the present application includes, for example:

and carrying out outer code coding on the data frame which needs to be transmitted currently.

And carrying out random interleaving processing on the outer code coding result.

And performing inner code encoding and transmission by using the related content (which is not described herein again) in the first processing mode.

At the receiving end, referring to fig. 4b, the decoding process provided in the embodiment of the present application includes, for example:

the multi-level decoding is performed, which specifically refers to the related contents described in the above first processing manner, and is not described herein again. The multi-stage decoding result comprises information related to the outer code codeword bits, and specifically can be soft information such as log likelihood ratio or likelihood probability; or hard information such as 0, 1 bit.

And de-interleaving the multi-level decoding result.

And performing outer code error correction on the de-interleaving result, namely decoding the outer code to obtain a final decoding result.

The following introduces the principle of subset division of constellation provided by the embodiment of the present application, taking spectral efficiency ρ =5 bits/symbol and 64-QAM mapping as an example:

calculating the Shannon Limit (E) at a given spectral efficiency ρ _b /N ₀ ) _Shannon (ii) a Wherein E is _b Representing the energy consumed for transmitting a bit of information, N ₀ Representing the single-sided power spectral density of noise, shannon means Shannon.

The SNR margin of the coded modulation system is set to 1dB and the corresponding minimum operating SNR (E) is calculated according to the following equation (2) _b /N ₀ ) ^* ；

(E _b /N ₀ ) ^* ≥(E _b /N ₀ ) _Shannon +1dB (2)

Dividing the high-order constellation by adopting a subset division method, and calculating the bit error rate of each layer according to the following formula (3), wherein E _s Representing the average energy, Δ, of the initial constellation _j And p is the minimum Euclidean distance after the j-th layer constellation energy is normalized, and is the spectrum efficiency of the coded modulation system. The code rate of channel coding is represented by R, and the spectrum efficiency rho = R & log for M-QAM ₂ M。

As can be seen from the information theory calculation, when the spectral efficiency is ρ =5 bits/symbol, (E) _b /N ₀ ) _Shannon =7.9dB. Calculating (E) of code modulation system according to formula (3) _b /N ₀ ) ^* Is 8.9dB.

Table 2 below gives the bit error rate performance of each layer after the 64-QAM is sub-divided at this signal-to-noise ratio. When analyzing the bit error rate of the current layer, the decision error propagation of the previous layer is not considered. It can be seen that the bit error rate in the subset is already low enough, e.g. below 10, at the time of the layer 4 partitioning ^-5 . In this case, the subset includes 4 constellation points. Therefore, the number of bits in a 64-QAM symbol that do not need to be code protected is 2.

Table 2: e _b /N ₀ Bit error rate of 64-QAM layers under 8.9dB

Number of layers	0	1	2	3	4	5
							Δ _i	0.095	0.19	0.38	0.76	1.52	3.05
P _b (Δ _i )	0.0873	0.0274	0.0033	6.14×10 ^-5	2.8×10 ^-8	7.16×10 ^-15

Regarding description of constellation mapping, the following is introduced by taking spectral efficiency ρ =5 bits/symbol, 64-QAM mapping as an example:

the originating end maps the information into constellation points after encoding the information. In the embodiment of the application, the mapping relationship between the binary label and the constellation point is established. In the embodiments of the present application, the constellation point index indicates (x) ⁰ ,x ¹ ,…,x ^m-1 ) Middle, high order (on the left) is the coded bits used to select the subset; the lower bits (on the right) are uncoded bits for selecting constellation points within the subset. The constellation points within the subset employ gray mapping. Regarding the high bits and the low bits, a plurality of bits (which may be preset values) on the left side are defined as the high bits, and a plurality of bits (which may be preset values) on the right side are defined as the low bits. The bits may be defined by specific values according to actual needs or determined by a preset method, and the specific embodiment of the present application is not limited. For example, in the present embodiment, the number of layers divided by the subset may be determined. In the sub-set division, the 64-QAM is divided into 4 layers, and four bits on the left are high bits and two bits on the right are low bits.

When the index of the subset is established, a gray mapping or quasi-gray mapping method is also adopted, so that the labels of the subsets with similar Euclidean distances have the Hamming distance as small as possible, wherein the Hamming distance is the number of the corresponding bits of the two labels. Such as 0101 and 0111, which differ by the 3 rd bit from the left, so the hamming distance is 1. The gray mapping criterion is two constellation points with the shortest Euclidean distance, and binary labels of the constellation points are different only by 1 bit. The meaning of the quasi-gray mapping is that the above requirements are not necessarily met, and the euclidean distance between two constellation points is the nearest, but the binary labels of the two constellation points have different numbers of 2 bits and above.

For 64-QAM, when partitioned to layer 4, there are 16 subsets in total, each subset containing 4 constellation points. The mapping of the constellation points within the subset is shown in fig. 5 a. When the index of the subset is established, the constellation point at the upper left corner of the subset is selected as a representative element, then the 16 representative elements are subjected to Gray coding, and the Gray code words of the representative elements are the index of the corresponding subset. The gray mapping of 16 points is shown in fig. 5b, and the result of the 64-QAM subset partitioning mapping obtained by the above method is shown in fig. 6.

Wherein fig. 6 is a 64-QAM constellation. In fact, when the subset partitioning proceeds to layer 4, the subsets are such that: taking a point at the same position in each quadrant, these 4 points are in a subset, for example: the constellation point of the first quadrant for transmitting 111000 data, the constellation point of the second quadrant for transmitting 111001 data, the constellation point of the third quadrant for transmitting 111011 data, and the constellation point of the fourth quadrant for transmitting 111010 data, wherein the 4 constellation points are in a subset. There are 16 such subsets. In one subset, the spatial distribution of the constellation points is the same as in fig. 5 a. The numbering of the constellation points in the subset, i.e. the intra-subset indices, is shown in fig. 5 a. The encoding result is the lower 2 bits of the constellation point label, for example, the constellation point in the upper left corner in fig. 5a, and its index in the subset is 01, in this embodiment of the application, the label of each constellation point (the label is that six bits are formed by

numbers

0 and 1, that is, the data bit that needs to be transmitted by the constellation point). The representatives of these 16 subsets, i.e. the constellation points in the upper left corner of each subset, are spatially distributed as shown in fig. 5 b. Specifically, the 16 representatives are the points in the second quadrant of FIG. 6. The 16 representatives are gray coded as shown in fig. 5 b. The coding result is the upper 4 bits of the constellation point index, i.e. the number of the subset, i.e. the index of the subset, e.g. the constellation point in the upper left corner in fig. 5b, whose subset index is 1110. In summary, in fig. 6, the first four bits of the six-bit numbers of each constellation point represent the number of the subset, and the second two bits represent the number in the subset, for example, the constellation point at the upper left corner in fig. 5a and fig. 5b is the same constellation point, the number thereof is 111001, wherein 1110 represents the number of the subset to which the constellation point belongs, and 01 represents the number of the constellation point in the subset.

An illustration of several specific embodiments is given below.

Example 1:

in this embodiment, the error correction coding only includes inner code coding, and correspondingly, the error correction decoding only includes inner code decoding.

A block diagram of a signal transmission system for a first traffic type with QoS indicator packet error rate =1e-4 for spectral efficiency ρ =5 bits/symbol, 64-QAM mapping is shown in fig. 7. For 64-QAM, m =6. By looking up table 1, the subset partitioning needs to go to level 4, the subset size is 4, then l =2. Error correction coding selects LDPC codes with code rate R _in And (4) =3/4. For a data frame u of length k =2560, the ratio of no error correction coding protection is 2/5. Therefore, the number of bits that need LDPC coding protection is 1536, and the remaining 1024 bits do not need error correction coding protection. After LDPC encoding is performed on these 1536 bits, an LDPC codeword bit c with length 2048 is obtained. The LDPC codeword bits c are randomly interleaved. 2 bits are taken out from uncoded data bits as the lower bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol, and 4 bits are taken out from the interleaved LDPC code word bits as the upper bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol. In this way, a transmission symbol is obtained and accordingly a binary index corresponding to the binary expression of the transmission symbol is determined, i.e. the constellation point used for transmitting the binary index is determined.

Correspondingly, the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, de-interleaves the metric value and then transmits the de-interleaved metric value to the LDPC decoder. At the same time, the demodulator can also calculate the soft information for each transmitted symbol. And obtaining 3 coded data bits in each transmission symbol according to the LDPC decoding result, and determining the subset where the transmission symbol is located. After the subset is determined, 2 uncoded data bits in the transmission symbol are obtained by adopting a hard decision mode in combination with the soft information of the transmission symbol given by the demodulator.

Example 2:

A block diagram of a signal transmission system for a first traffic type with a QoS indicator of packet error rate =1e-4 for spectral efficiency ρ =7 bits/symbol, 256-QAM mapping is shown in fig. 8. For 256-QAM, m =8. By looking up table 1, subset partitioning needs to go to level 4, subsetSize 16, then l =4. The error correction coding selects LDPC code with code rate of R _in And (4) =3/4. For a data frame u with a length of k =2562, the ratio of not error correction coding protection is 4/7. Therefore, the number of bits that need LDPC coding protection is 1098, and the remaining 1464 bits do not need to be coded. The 1098 bits are subjected to LDPC coding with the code rate of 3/4, and the code word bit c with the length of 1464 is obtained. The LDPC codeword bits c are randomly interleaved. Taking 4 bits from the uncoded information bits as the lower bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol, and taking 4 bits from the interleaved LDPC codeword bits as the upper bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol. In this way, a transmission symbol is obtained and accordingly a binary index corresponding to the binary expression of the transmission symbol is determined, i.e. the constellation point used for transmitting the binary index is determined.

Correspondingly, the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, de-interleaves the metric value and then transmits the de-interleaved metric value to the LDPC decoder. At the same time, the demodulator can also calculate the soft information for each transmitted symbol. And obtaining 3 coded data bits in each transmission symbol according to the LDPC decoding result, and determining the subset where the transmission symbol is located. After the subset is determined, 4 uncoded data bits in the transmission symbol are obtained by adopting a hard decision mode in combination with the soft information of the transmission symbol given by the demodulator.

Example 3:

in the present embodiment, the error correction coding includes inner code coding and outer code coding, and accordingly, the error correction decoding includes inner code decoding and outer code decoding.

And adding a BCH code as an outer code, wherein the spectrum efficiency is rho =5 bits/symbol, the modulation mode is 64-QAM, and the QoS index is a second service type with the packet error rate =1 e-7. Since the code rate of the outer code will reduce the spectral efficiency, a high code rate outer code needs to be selected to ensure that the overall spectral efficiency is close to 5 bits/symbol. Selecting one BCH code from DVB-S2 standard, wherein the parameters are as follows: the length of input information u is 3072, the length of code word v is 3240, 12 random errors can be corrected, and the code rate of inner code coding is 0.95 ≈ 1. For 64-QAM, m =6. By looking up table 1, subset partitioning needs to be advancedGoing to layer 4, the subset size is 4, then l =2. Inner code encoding selects LDPC code with code rate R _in And (4) =3/4. The BCH codeword of length 3240 is randomly interleaved. For the BCH code words after interleaving, the proportion of not carrying out inner code coding protection is 2/5. Therefore, the number of bits that need to be protected by the LDPC code is 1944, and the remaining 1296 bits do not need to be protected by encoding. The 1944 bits are LDPC coded to obtain LDPC codeword bit c of length 2592. The LDPC codeword bits c are randomly interleaved. 2 bits are taken out from BCH code word bits which are not protected by the LDPC code and are taken as the lower bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol, 4 bits are taken out from the LDPC code word bits which are interleaved and are taken as the upper bits of the binary expression of the transmission symbol, and the binary label which is consistent with the binary expression of the transmission symbol is correspondingly determined, namely the constellation point used for transmitting the binary label is determined.

Correspondingly, the demodulator at the receiving end calculates the metric value of the LDPC codeword bits, de-interleaves the metric value and then transmits the de-interleaved metric value to the LDPC decoder. At the same time, the demodulator can also calculate the soft information for each transmitted symbol. And obtaining 3 protected BCH code word bits in each transmission symbol according to the LDPC decoding result, and determining a subset where the transmission symbol is sent. After the subset is determined, combining with the soft information of the transmission symbol given by the demodulator, obtaining 2 BCH codeword bits which are not protected by the LDPC code in the transmission symbol by adopting a hard decision mode. The codeword bits (including 3 protected BCH codeword bits and 2 BCH codeword bits not protected by LDPC code) are deinterleaved and then passed to a BCH decoder for outer code decoding processing.

In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a high throughput coding modulation scheme based on hybrid MLC/BICM and a corresponding decoding scheme, including concatenated coding, decoding, subset partitioning, signal mapping, and the like.

Specifically, the embodiment of the application uses a cascade coding and hybrid MLC/BICM structure, and combines subset division to realize high-spectrum-efficiency and high-reliability transmission.

In the constellation mapping in the embodiment of the present application, namely, after the subsets of the constellation are divided (the constellation points are divided into different sets), the sub-set representative elements are subjected to gray or quasi-gray coding, the coding result is used as the index of the subsets, and the signal mapping in the subsets also adopts gray or quasi-gray mapping.

Compared with a BICM system in a 5G standard, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of better error rate performance and lower complexity, and the advantages are more obvious for a large constellation.

Referring to fig. 9, at a transmitting end, an encoding method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

s101, determining a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection for a data frame needing transmission currently;

s102, carrying out error correction coding on the first data bit, and carrying out interleaving processing on a code word obtained after the error correction coding to obtain a code word bit after the interleaving processing;

and S103, selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after the interleaving processing.

Determining a first data bit needing error correction coding protection and a second data bit not needing error correction coding protection for a data frame needing transmission currently by the method; carrying out error correction coding on the first data bits, and carrying out interleaving processing on the code words obtained after the error correction coding to obtain code word bits after the interleaving processing; and selecting constellation points from the signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving, thereby realizing high-efficiency, high-reliability, low-complexity and high-throughput data transmission.

Optionally, each of the binary labels comprises a high-order and a low-order two-part binary label.

Optionally, the mapping relationship is established as follows:

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

At a receiving end, referring to fig. 10, a signal receiving method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

s201, after a transmission symbol is transmitted through a channel, a receiving symbol is obtained at a receiving end, and the receiving symbol is demodulated to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required by error correction decoding;

s202, respectively performing de-interleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required by the error correction decoding to obtain a second data bit for performing the error correction coding and obtain a high-order bit of the binary label of the transmission symbol, and determining the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs by using the high-order bit;

s203, according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, hard decision is carried out by using the soft information of the transmission symbol, and the data bit of the lower bit in the decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol is determined.

Referring to fig. 11, at a transmitting end, a signal transmitting apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

a memory 520 for storing program instructions;

a processor 500 for calling the program instructions stored in the memory, and executing, according to the obtained program:

Optionally, the mapping relationship is established as follows:

and establishing a mapping relation between the constellation point and the binary label by utilizing the subset index and the intra-subset index of the constellation point, wherein for each constellation point, the subset index and the intra-subset index of the constellation point form the binary label of the constellation point, the subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the high-order part, and the intra-subset index of the constellation point is used as the binary label of the low-order part.

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

Optionally, the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type that requires a preset quality of service, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the processor 500 is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

carrying out outer code coding on an information sequence of a data frame needing to be transmitted currently;

The apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application may be used as a transmitting end apparatus (having the encoding function described in the embodiment of the present application) or as a receiving end apparatus (having the decoding function described in the embodiment of the present application).

Therefore, optionally, the processor 500 is further configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

Optionally, the error correction decoding is specifically internal code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor 500 is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to an obtained program:

A transceiver 510 for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor 500.

Where, in fig. 11, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, in particular one or more processors, represented by the processor 500, and various circuits, represented by the memory 520, linked together. The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 510 may be a number of elements including a transmitter and a receiver that provide a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. The processor 500 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 520 may store data used by the processor 500 in performing operations.

The processor 500 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD).

Referring to fig. 12, at a receiving end, a signal receiving apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

a memory 505 for storing program instructions;

a processor 504, configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

Optionally, the error correction decoding is specifically internal code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor 504 is further configured to call a program instruction stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

A transceiver 501 for receiving and transmitting data under the control of a processor 504.

In FIG. 12, a bus architecture (represented by bus 506), the bus 506 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, with the bus 506 linking together various circuits including one or more processors, represented by the processor 504, and memory, represented by the memory 505. The bus 500 may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. A bus interface 503 provides an interface between the bus 506 and the transceiver 501. The transceiver 501 may be one element or may be multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. Data processed by processor 504 may be transmitted over a wireless medium via antenna 502, and further, antenna 502 may receive data and transmit data to processor 504.

The processor 504 is responsible for managing the bus 506 and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. And memory 505 may be used to store data used by processor 504 in performing operations.

Alternatively, the processor 504 may be a CPU (central processing unit), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device).

Referring to fig. 13, another signal transmitting apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

a first unit 11, configured to determine, for a data frame that needs to be currently transmitted, a first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding and a second data bit that does not need to be protected by error correction coding;

a second unit 12, configured to perform error correction coding on the first data bits, and perform interleaving processing on the code words obtained after the error correction coding to obtain code word bits after the interleaving processing;

a third unit 13, configured to select a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after the interleaving processing.

Optionally, the mapping relationship is established as follows:

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

Optionally, the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type that requires a preset quality of service, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the first unit 11 is further configured to:

Referring to fig. 14, another signal receiving apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

a fourth unit 21, configured to obtain a received symbol at a receiving end after the transmission symbol is transmitted through a channel, and demodulate the received symbol to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required by error correction decoding;

a fifth unit 22, configured to perform de-interleaving and error correction decoding on the soft information required by the error correction decoding, respectively, to obtain a second data bit for performing the error correction coding, and obtain a high-order bit of the binary label of the transmission symbol, and determine a subset to which the transmission symbol belongs by using the high-order bit;

a sixth unit 23, configured to perform hard decision by using the soft information of the transmission symbol according to the subset to which the transmission symbol belongs, and determine a lower-order data bit in a decoding result corresponding to the transmission symbol.

Optionally, the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the sixth unit 23 is further configured to:

Similarly, the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application may have both the unit shown in fig. 13 and the unit shown in fig. 14, that is, may serve as a transmitting side apparatus (having the encoding function described in the embodiment of the present application), and may also serve as a receiving side apparatus (having the decoding function described in the embodiment of the present application).

It should be noted that the division of the unit in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

In addition, the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application may be the same apparatus, that is, the same apparatus may implement both the encoding function and the decoding function provided in the embodiments of the present application. That is, the same device can be used as both the originating and the terminating.

The embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, which may specifically be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and the like. The computing device may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, etc., the input devices may include a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, etc., and the output devices may include a Display device, such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), etc.

The memory may include Read Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM), and provides the processor with program instructions and data stored in the memory. In the embodiments of the present application, the memory may be used for storing a program of any one of the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application.

The processor is used for executing any one of the methods provided by the embodiment of the application according to the obtained program instructions by calling the program instructions stored in the memory.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium for storing computer program instructions for an apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application, which includes a program for executing any one of the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.

The computer storage media may be any available media or data storage device that can be accessed by a computer, including, but not limited to, magnetic memory (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical memory (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor memory (e.g., ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid State Disks (SSDs)), etc.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminal equipment and network equipment.

The Terminal device may also be referred to as a User Equipment (User Equipment, abbreviated as "UE"), a Mobile Station (MS "), a Mobile Terminal (Mobile Terminal), or the like, and optionally, the Terminal may have a capability of communicating with one or more core networks through a Radio Access Network (RAN), for example, the Terminal may be a Mobile phone (or referred to as a" cellular "phone), or a computer with Mobile property, and for example, the Terminal may also be a portable, pocket, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted Mobile device.

A network device may be a base station (e.g., access point) that refers to a device in an access network that communicates over the air-interface, through one or more sectors, with wireless terminals. The base station may be configured to interconvert received air frames and IP packets as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which may include an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The base station may also coordinate management of attributes for the air interface. For example, the Base Station may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in GSM or CDMA, a Base Station (NodeB) in WCDMA, an evolved Node B (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB) in LTE, or a gNB in a 5G system. The embodiments of the present application are not limited.

The above method process flow may be implemented by a software program, which may be stored in a storage medium, and when the stored software program is called, the above method steps are performed.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A method for signaling, the method comprising:

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting a constellation point from a signal constellation as a transmission symbol by using the second data bit and the code word bit after interleaving comprises:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the binary labels comprises a high order and a low order two part binary label.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmission symbols comprise high order bits and low order bits, the high order bits being selected from the bits of the codeword after the interleaving process, the low order bits being selected from the second data bits.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the mapping relationship is established as follows:

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein for a data frame currently required to be transmitted, determining a first data bit that needs error correction coding protection and a second data bit that does not need error correction coding protection, specifically comprises:

determining a proportion of the second data bits to the total bits of the data frame by the following equation:

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the method further comprises:

8. A signal receiving method, characterized in that the method comprises:

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the method further comprises:

10. A signal transmission device, comprising:

a memory for storing program instructions;

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the selecting constellation points from a signal constellation as transmission symbols by using the second data bits and the code word bits after interleaving includes:

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein each of the binary labels comprises a high order and a low order two part binary label.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the transmission symbols comprise upper bits and lower bits, the upper bits being selected from the bits of the codeword after the interleaving, and the lower bits being selected from the second data bits.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the mapping relationship is established as follows:

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the determining, for a data frame currently needing to be transmitted, a first data bit that needs to be protected by error correction coding and a second data bit that does not need to be protected by error correction coding specifically includes:

wherein R is _in A code rate for the error correction coding;

16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the error correction coding is specifically inner code coding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, before determining the first data bit and the second data bit, the processor is further configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

17. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the processor is further configured to call program instructions stored in the memory to perform, in accordance with the obtained program:

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor is further configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

19. A signal receiving apparatus, comprising:

a memory for storing program instructions;

after the transmission symbol is transmitted through a channel, a receiving symbol is obtained at a receiving end, and the receiving symbol is demodulated to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required by error correction decoding;

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the error correction decoding is specifically inner code decoding, and for a service type with a preset quality of service requirement, the processor is further configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, and execute, according to the obtained program:

21. A signal transmission device, comprising:

22. A signal receiving apparatus, comprising:

a fourth unit, configured to obtain a received symbol at a receiving end after the transmission symbol is transmitted through a channel, and demodulate the received symbol to obtain soft information of the transmission symbol and soft information required by error correction decoding;

23. A computer storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.