CN115621580B - Battery cell - Google Patents
Battery cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115621580B CN115621580B CN202210802736.5A CN202210802736A CN115621580B CN 115621580 B CN115621580 B CN 115621580B CN 202210802736 A CN202210802736 A CN 202210802736A CN 115621580 B CN115621580 B CN 115621580B
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- shape memory
- memory material
- battery
- electrode lug
- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a battery, which comprises a battery core, wherein the battery core comprises a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug; the positive electrode lug is provided with a first electrode lug adhesive, a first temperature control element is buried in the first electrode lug adhesive, and a first shape memory material is arranged on the first temperature control element; the negative electrode lug is provided with a second lug adhesive, a second temperature control element is buried in the second lug adhesive, and a second shape memory material is arranged on the second temperature control element; the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are used for being deformed under the set temperature condition so as to enable the positive electrode lug to be connected with the negative electrode lug in a short circuit mode. According to the battery provided by the application, the shape memory material can be deformed by heating, so that the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are electrically communicated, and an electronic loop is formed between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug, namely, a short circuit is formed, so that the battery is discharged in a short circuit mode, the electric quantity of the battery can be reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery.
Background
Along with the gradual increase of energy density, capacity and charging speed of the consumer lithium battery, the initial temperature of thermal runaway of the battery is greatly reduced in a high-temperature environment, the heat generation amount is obviously increased, and the thermal safety boundary of the battery is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a battery so as to solve the problem that the conventional lithium battery is low in thermal safety boundary along with gradual improvement of battery energy density, capacity and charging speed.
The application provides a battery, which comprises a battery core, wherein the battery core comprises a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug;
the positive electrode lug is provided with a first electrode lug adhesive, a first temperature control element is buried in the first electrode lug adhesive, and a first shape memory material is arranged on the first temperature control element;
the negative electrode lug is provided with a second lug adhesive, a second temperature control element is buried in the second lug adhesive, and a second shape memory material is arranged on the second temperature control element;
the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are used for being deformed under the set temperature condition so as to enable the positive electrode lug to be connected with the negative electrode lug in a short circuit mode.
According to the battery provided by the application, the shape memory material can be deformed by heating, so that the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are electrically communicated, and an electronic loop is formed between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug, namely, a short circuit is formed, so that the battery is discharged in a short circuit mode, the electric quantity of the battery can be reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
In one possible design, the battery further comprises an aluminum plastic film, wherein the aluminum plastic film is bonded to the first tab glue and the second tab glue in a heat sealing manner, the aluminum plastic film comprises a polypropylene layer and an aluminum layer which are arranged in a laminated manner, and the aluminum plastic film is fixedly coated on the outer sides of the first tab glue and the second tab glue through the polypropylene layer; the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are configured to electrically connect with the aluminum layer through the polypropylene layer when deformed by heat.
The aluminum plastic film has extremely high barrier property, good heat sealing performance, electrolyte and strong acid corrosion resistance, and good ductility, flexibility and mechanical strength, and can effectively protect an internal battery cell. And when the temperature of the first temperature control element and the second temperature control element rises to a certain value, at least part of the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material can deform after being heated, such as warp deformation, and the deformed part can penetrate through the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film and can be in contact with the Al layer, so that the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are electrically communicated through the Al layer, short circuit connection between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug is realized, discharge is realized, and then the electric quantity of a battery can be reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
In one possible design, the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material comprise tips, the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material being configured to electrically connect with the aluminum layer through the polypropylene layer upon thermal deformation through the tips.
Wherein the tip may be an acute angle of approximately triangle, through which the pp layer may be facilitated to be pierced. When the temperature to which the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are subjected reaches a certain value, at least the tip portion of the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material may warp, and may be connected to the Al layer by piercing the pp layer by the tip portion.
In one possible design, the set temperature condition includes a critical temperature value, and at least a portion of the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material warp under conditions greater than the critical temperature value.
When the temperature to which the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are subjected does not reach a critical temperature value, the whole shape memory material is flat and can be attached to the surfaces of the first temperature control element and the second temperature control element. When the temperature to which the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are subjected reaches above a critical temperature value, the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material can be heated at least at the position where the tip is located to generate buckling deformation, so that the tip can puncture the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film and be in conductive contact with the Al layer, and the short-circuit connection between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug is realized.
In one possible design, the critical temperature value is 65-105 ℃.
The critical temperature value is 65-105 ℃, and the temperature range is less than 130 ℃, so that the battery can enable the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug to be connected in a short circuit through deformation of the shape memory material under the condition that the temperature of an external heat source received by the battery is not 130 ℃, and discharge is carried out, the electric quantity of the battery is reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
In one possible design, along the thickness direction of the positive electrode lug, the projection area of the first temperature control element on the positive electrode lug is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the first electrode lug glue on the positive electrode lug; and along the thickness direction of the negative electrode lug, the projection area of the second temperature control element on the negative electrode lug is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the second electrode lug adhesive on the negative electrode lug.
The projection area of the first temperature control element on the positive electrode lug is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the first tab adhesive on the positive electrode lug, so that the first tab adhesive can reliably encapsulate the first temperature control element and the first shape memory material.
In one possible design, the first temperature control element and the second temperature control element are thermistors with a nonlinear negative temperature coefficient effect.
The resistance value of the thermistor decreases with an increase in temperature. When the temperature does not reach the set temperature value, the set temperature value can be the critical temperature value at which the shape memory material can deform in the embodiment, and the thermistor has a larger resistance value at this time, so that the normal operation of the battery can be ensured. When the temperature reaches above the critical temperature value, the resistance value of the thermistor suddenly drops, the tip of the shape memory material can warp and deform, the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film is punctured and is in conductive contact with the Al layer, the low resistance value of the thermistor is favorable for current flow between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug, effective discharge is realized, the battery electric quantity is reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
In one possible design, the resistance of the thermistor is greater than 100mΩ at less than a first preset temperature, and the resistance of the thermistor is 20mΩ to 20 Ω at greater than the first preset temperature.
When the temperature of the thermistor does not reach the first preset temperature, the resistance value of the thermistor can be kept above 100MΩ so as to ensure the normal operation of the battery; when the temperature of the thermistor reaches above a first preset temperature, the resistance value of the thermistor suddenly drops to 20mΩ -20Ω, and the current can be increased, so that the current normally flows among the positive electrode lug, the first temperature control element, the first conductive element, the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film, the second conductive element, the second temperature control element and the negative electrode lug, and the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are connected in a short circuit manner, so that the discharge is realized.
In one possible design, the first preset temperature is 65-105 ℃.
In the temperature range, the tip of the shape memory material can also generate corresponding buckling deformation, so that the thermistor has a smaller resistance value when the tip is in conductive contact with the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film, and is beneficial to increasing the current between the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug, and effective discharge is realized.
In one possible design, the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are shape memory alloys.
The shape memory alloy can ensure the conductivity of the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug in short circuit connection, realize effective discharge, enable a tip to warp and deform under the action of high temperature, puncture the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film and be in conductive contact with the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film, and realize the short circuit connection of the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug.
In one possible design, the shape memory alloy material is one of nickel-titanium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy, fe-Mn-Si, and Fe-Pd.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application as claimed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the positive tab and the first tab adhesive;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the negative tab and second tab adhesive fit;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum plastic film.
Reference numerals:
1-an electric core;
2-positive electrode lugs;
21-first tab adhesive;
22-a first temperature control element;
23-a first shape memory material;
3-negative electrode ear;
31-second ear glue;
32-a second temperature control element;
33-a second shape memory material;
4-aluminum plastic film;
a 41-nylon layer;
42-aluminum layer;
a layer of 43-polypropylene;
a-tip.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance unless explicitly specified or limited otherwise; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the context of this document, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element through intervening elements.
Along with the gradual increase of energy density, capacity and charging speed of the consumer lithium battery, the initial temperature of thermal runaway of the battery is greatly reduced in a high-temperature environment, the heat generation quantity is obviously increased, the thermal safety boundary of the battery is lower and lower, and even the national standard requirement of the thermal shock test at 130 ℃ for 30min is difficult to meet.
Among them, the test purpose of the thermal shock test at 130℃for 30min was to evaluate the safety performance of the battery after being subjected to an external heat source. The testing method comprises the following steps: the battery is in a full-charge state, the convection or circulating hot air box is used for heating at the initial temperature of 25+/-3 ℃, the temperature change rate is 5+/-2 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 130/132/135+/-2 ℃, and the battery is kept for 30min and then the battery is finished. And if the battery does not fire or explode after the test is finished, judging that the battery is qualified.
However, with the improvement of performances such as capacity and charging speed of lithium batteries, the heat of the batteries is rapidly increased when the temperature of external hot air is not 130 ℃, and the problems of ignition and explosion occur, so that the safety of the batteries is too low.
At present, in order to improve the safety of a battery, optimization of electrolyte in a battery material system is generally considered, but the electrolyte capable of meeting high-temperature performance can lead to deterioration of the battery cycle performance, for example, the battery capacity retention rate is obviously accelerated or water is jumped, the thickness expansion rate is obviously increased, and the like, so that the service life of the battery is influenced and the safety risk caused by the ultra-thick expansion is influenced; on the other hand, the low-temperature load-pulling performance of the battery is greatly reduced, so that the low-temperature photographing performance of the mobile phone is affected.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery, which can be a lithium battery. The battery can be used as an electric device of a power supply, and the electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric automobile, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like.
The battery comprises a battery cell 1, wherein the battery cell 1 comprises a positive electrode lug 2 and a negative electrode lug 3. Specifically, the battery cell 1 may include a positive electrode tab 2 and a negative electrode tab 3, which constitute a bipolar battery cell 1, as shown in fig. 1; the battery cell 1 may also include two positive electrode lugs 2 and one negative electrode lug 3, so as to form a three-electrode lug battery cell 1, as shown in fig. 2. The battery cell 1 can comprise a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate, and can be prepared by a lamination process or a winding process, the positive lug 2 can be arranged on the positive plate, and the negative lug 3 is arranged on the negative plate. The positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3 are metal conductors which lead out the positive electrode and the negative electrode from the battery cell 1, and serve as contact points during charge and discharge. In this embodiment, the material of the positive electrode tab 2 may be aluminum, and the material of the negative electrode tab 3 may be copper.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the positive electrode tab 2 is provided with a first tab adhesive 21, a first temperature control element 22 is embedded in the first tab adhesive 21, and a first shape memory material 23 is arranged on the first temperature control element 22; the negative electrode tab 3 is provided with a second electrode tab 31, a second temperature control element 32 is embedded in the second electrode tab 31, and a second shape memory material 33 is arranged on the second temperature control element 32.
The tab adhesive is a material widely used in the field of lithium ion batteries. The tab adhesive is mainly used for being adhered to the tab of the lithium ion battery, so that the tab of the lithium ion battery has the performance of heat sealing with the polypropylene layer 43 (pp layer) of the aluminum plastic film 4. The tab adhesive is essentially a non-adhesive film that is fused by means of temperature and time control.
The first temperature control element 22 and the second temperature control element 32 can timely and quickly conduct heat of the battery to corresponding shape memory materials, when the temperature of the first temperature control element 22 and the second temperature control element 32 reach a critical temperature value of the shape memory materials, the shape memory materials can be heated and deformed, so that the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3 are electrically communicated, an electronic loop is formed between the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3, namely, a short circuit is formed, the battery is discharged in a short circuit mode, the battery electric quantity can be reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
As a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, the battery further comprises an aluminum plastic film 4, wherein the aluminum plastic film 4 has extremely high barrier property, good heat sealing performance, electrolyte and strong acid corrosion resistance, and good ductility, flexibility and mechanical strength, and can effectively protect the internal battery cell 1. The aluminum plastic film 4 can be packaged on one side of the battery cell 1 with the electrode lug, and the aluminum plastic film 4 can be a continuous packaging film layer.
In this embodiment, the aluminum plastic film 4 may be heat-sealed and adhered to the first tab adhesive 21 and the second tab adhesive 31, and continuously extends between the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3. As shown in fig. 5, the aluminum plastic film 4 includes a polypropylene layer 43 (pp layer), an aluminum layer 42 (Al layer) and a nylon layer 41 which are laminated, and the aluminum plastic film 4 is fixedly coated on the outer sides of the first tab adhesive 21 and the second tab adhesive 31 by the polypropylene layer 43. The first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are adapted to electrically connect with the aluminum layer 42 through the polypropylene layer 43 when deformed by heat.
When the temperatures of the first temperature control element 22 and the second temperature control element 32 rise to a certain value, at least part of the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 can deform after being heated, such as warp deformation, and the deformed part can penetrate through the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film 4 and can be in contact with the Al layer, so that the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3 are electrically communicated through the Al layer, short circuit connection between the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3 is realized, discharge is realized, battery electric quantity can be reduced, and safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 include tips a, and the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are configured to be electrically connected to the aluminum layer 42 through the polypropylene layer 43 by the tips a when deformed by heat.
The tip a may be an acute angle of approximately triangle shape, through which the pp layer may be facilitated to be pierced. When the temperature to which the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are subjected reaches a certain value, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may warp at least at the portion where the tip a is located, and may be connected to the Al layer by the tip a piercing the pp layer.
It should be noted that the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may be arrow-shaped (as shown in fig. 3), triangular, pentagram-shaped (as shown in fig. 4), or regular or irregular polygonal shapes having tips a, which may be one or more, wherein the arrow-shaped shape shown in fig. 3 has one tip a and the pentagram-shaped shape shown in fig. 4 has five tips a. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 to smoothly pierce the pp layer when deformed by heat, while ensuring the reliability of contact of the tips a with the Al layer, the number of the tips a may be plural.
The first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may be trained to enable the portion having the tip a to be deformed by heating, and the training may be specifically performed by heat treatment or the like.
Specifically, as is clear from the above description, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are used to deform under a set temperature condition so as to short-circuit the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3. Wherein the set temperature condition includes a critical temperature value, at least a portion of the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may undergo warp deformation under a condition greater than the critical temperature value.
When the temperature to which the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are subjected does not reach the critical temperature value, the entire shape memory material is flat and can be bonded to the surfaces of the first temperature control element 22 and the second temperature control element 32. When the temperature to which the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 are subjected reaches a critical temperature value or higher, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 can be heated at least at the position where the tip a is located to generate buckling deformation, so that the tip a can puncture the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film 4 and be in conductive contact with the Al layer, and the short circuit connection between the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3 is realized.
Wherein, the critical temperature value can be 65-105 ℃. It is understood that as the energy density, capacity and charging speed of the battery are gradually increased, the initial temperature of thermal runaway of the battery is greatly reduced in a high-temperature environment, and the battery may be ignited or exploded when the temperature of the external heat source received by the battery is less than 130 ℃. In this embodiment, the critical temperature is 65-105 ℃, and the temperature range is less than 130 ℃, so that the battery can short-circuit connect the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3 through deformation of the shape memory material under the condition that the temperature of the external heat source received by the battery does not reach 130 ℃, and discharge is performed, so as to reduce the electric quantity of the battery and improve the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment.
As a specific implementation manner, along the thickness direction of the positive electrode tab 2, the projection area of the first temperature control element 22 on the positive electrode tab 2 is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the first electrode tab glue 21 on the positive electrode tab 2; along the thickness direction of the negative electrode tab 3, the projection area of the second temperature control element 32 on the negative electrode tab 3 is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the second electrode tab 31 on the negative electrode tab 3.
The positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3 are both strip-shaped metal sheets, for example, the positive electrode tab 2 is a rectangular aluminum sheet, and the negative electrode tab 3 is a rectangular copper sheet. The first tab adhesive 21 and the second tab adhesive 31 are also elongated, such as rectangular. After the first tab adhesive 21 is adhered to the positive electrode tab 2, the adhesion interface between the first tab adhesive 21 and the positive electrode tab 2 is the projection area of the first tab adhesive 21 in the thickness direction of the positive electrode tab 2. The connection manner of the second tab adhesive 31 and the negative electrode tab 3 is the same as the connection manner of the first tab adhesive 21 and the positive electrode tab 2, and will not be described herein.
In this embodiment, the first temperature control element 22 is embedded in the first tab adhesive 21, wherein "embedded" means that the first temperature control element 22 is disposed inside the first tab adhesive 21, and the surface of the first temperature control element 22 is covered by the first tab adhesive 21. The projection of the first temperature control element 22 in the thickness direction of the positive electrode tab 2 is also located in the projection area of the first electrode tab glue 21 on the positive electrode tab 2. If the projected area of the first temperature control element 22 on the positive electrode tab 2 is greater than 1/2 of the projected area of the first tab adhesive 21 on the positive electrode tab 2, it is difficult for the first tab adhesive 21 to effectively encapsulate the first temperature control element 22 and the first shape memory material 23, for example, the first temperature control element 22 and the first shape memory material 23 leak out of the first tab adhesive 21, or the first temperature control element 22 and the first shape memory material 23 float in the first tab adhesive 21, or the like.
For this reason, in the present embodiment, the projected area of the first temperature control element 22 on the positive tab 2 is smaller than 1/2 of the projected area of the first tab adhesive 21 on the positive tab 2, so that the first tab adhesive 21 can reliably encapsulate the first temperature control element 22 and the first shape memory material 23.
The connection scheme between the second tab adhesive 31, the second temperature control element 32, and the negative electrode tab 3 is the same as the connection scheme between the first tab adhesive 21, the first temperature control element 22, and the positive electrode tab 2, and will not be described herein.
Specifically, the first temperature control element 22 and the second temperature control element 32 may each be a thermistor having a nonlinear negative temperature coefficient effect. The resistance value of the thermistor decreases with an increase in temperature. When the temperature does not reach the set temperature value, the set temperature value can be the critical temperature value at which the shape memory material can deform in the embodiment, and the thermistor has a larger resistance value at this time, so that the normal operation of the battery can be ensured. When the temperature reaches above the critical temperature value, the resistance value of the thermistor suddenly drops, the tip A of the shape memory material can warp and deform to puncture the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film 4 to be in conductive contact with the Al layer, and the low resistance value of the thermistor is favorable for current flow between the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3, so that effective discharge is realized, the battery power is reduced, and the safety of the battery in a high-temperature environment is improved.
Specifically, the resistance of the thermistor is more than 100MΩ when the thermistor is smaller than the first preset temperature, and the resistance of the thermistor is 20MΩ to 20 Ω when the thermistor is larger than the first preset temperature. The first preset temperature may be a temperature at which a resistance value of the thermistor suddenly drops, and the first preset temperature may be the same as a critical temperature value at which the shape memory material is capable of being deformed. When the temperature of the thermistor does not reach the first preset temperature, the resistance value of the thermistor can be kept above 100MΩ so as to ensure the normal operation of the battery; when the temperature of the thermistor reaches above the first preset temperature, the resistance value of the thermistor suddenly drops to 20mΩ -20Ω, and the current can be increased, so that the current normally flows among the positive electrode lug 2, the first temperature control element 22, the first conductive element, the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film 4, the second conductive element, the second temperature control element 32 and the negative electrode lug 3, and the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3 are connected in a short circuit, so that the discharge is realized.
Wherein the first preset temperature may be 65-105 ℃. In the temperature range, the tip A of the shape memory material can also generate corresponding buckling deformation, so that the thermistor has a smaller resistance value when the tip A is in conductive contact with the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film 4, and is beneficial to increasing the current between the positive electrode lug 2 and the negative electrode lug 3, and effective discharge is realized.
Specifically, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may be shape memory alloys, which can ensure the electrical conductivity of the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3 when in short circuit connection, realize effective discharge, and simultaneously enable the tip a to generate buckling deformation under the action of high temperature, puncture the pp layer of the aluminum plastic film 4, and electrically contact with the Al layer of the aluminum plastic film 4, so as to realize the short circuit connection of the positive electrode tab 2 and the negative electrode tab 3.
Wherein, the material of the shape memory alloy can be one of nickel-titanium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy, fe-Mn-Si or Fe-Pd.
In addition, the first shape memory material 23 and the second shape memory material 33 may be thermal bimetal, and the active layer and the passive layer of the thermal bimetal may be materials with different thermal expansion coefficients, for example, the thermal expansion coefficient of the active layer is greater than that of the passive layer, when the thermal bimetal is heated, the active layer is subjected to larger thermal expansion, and the passive layer is subjected to smaller thermal expansion, so that the active layer is warped.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The battery is characterized by comprising a battery core, wherein the battery core comprises a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug;
the positive electrode lug is provided with a first electrode lug adhesive, a first temperature control element is buried in the first electrode lug adhesive, and a first shape memory material is arranged on the first temperature control element;
the negative electrode lug is provided with a second lug adhesive, a second temperature control element is buried in the second lug adhesive, and a second shape memory material is arranged on the second temperature control element;
the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are used for deforming under the set temperature condition so as to enable the positive electrode lug to be connected with the negative electrode lug in a short circuit manner;
the battery also comprises an aluminum plastic film, wherein the aluminum plastic film is bonded to the first tab adhesive and the second tab adhesive in a heat sealing way, the aluminum plastic film comprises a polypropylene layer and an aluminum layer which are arranged in a laminated mode, and the aluminum plastic film is fixedly coated on the outer sides of the first tab adhesive and the second tab adhesive through the polypropylene layer;
the set temperature conditions comprise a critical temperature value, and at least part of the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are subjected to buckling deformation under the condition that the temperature is greater than the critical temperature value and can penetrate through the polypropylene layer to be electrically connected with the aluminum layer;
when the temperature to which the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are subjected does not reach a critical temperature value, the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are flat as a whole and can be respectively attached to the surfaces of the first temperature control element and the second temperature control element.
2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material include tips for electrically connecting with the aluminum layer through the polypropylene layer by the tips when deformed by heat.
3. The battery of claim 1, wherein the critical temperature value is 65-105 ℃.
4. A battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a projected area of the first temperature control element on the positive electrode tab is smaller than 1/2 of a projected area of the first electrode tab adhesive on the positive electrode tab in a thickness direction of the positive electrode tab;
and along the thickness direction of the negative electrode lug, the projection area of the second temperature control element on the negative electrode lug is smaller than 1/2 of the projection area of the second electrode lug adhesive on the negative electrode lug.
5. A battery according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first temperature control element and the second temperature control element are thermistors having a non-linear negative temperature coefficient effect.
6. The battery of claim 5, wherein the thermistor has a resistance of greater than 100mΩ at less than a first predetermined temperature, and wherein the thermistor has a resistance of 20mΩ to 20 Ω at greater than the first predetermined temperature.
7. The battery of claim 6, wherein the first predetermined temperature is 65-105 ℃.
8. A battery according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first shape memory material and the second shape memory material are shape memory alloys.
9. The battery of claim 8, wherein the shape memory alloy material is one of nickel-titanium alloy, copper-nickel alloy, copper-aluminum alloy, copper-zinc alloy, fe-Mn-Si, fe-Pd.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210802736.5A CN115621580B (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Battery cell |
| PCT/CN2023/092976 WO2024007723A1 (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2023-05-09 | Battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210802736.5A CN115621580B (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Battery cell |
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| CN115621580A CN115621580A (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| CN115621580B true CN115621580B (en) | 2023-08-18 |
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| CN202210802736.5A Active CN115621580B (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Battery cell |
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| CN (1) | CN115621580B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024007723A1 (en) |
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| CN115621580B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-08-18 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Battery cell |
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| JPH10255757A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-25 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | Lithium secondary battery |
| CN202585594U (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-12-05 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery and pole ear thereof |
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| JP4622019B2 (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2011-02-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | Flat battery |
| CN203288688U (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-11-13 | 东莞新能源科技有限公司 | Safe lithium ion battery |
| CN105406107B (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-02-05 | 珠海光宇电池有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN205488409U (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-08-17 | 清华大学 | Short circuit testing arrangement in battery |
| CN109148748A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-04 | 天津中聚新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-overcharge battery cover board and its lithium battery of application |
| CN115621580B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-08-18 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Battery cell |
-
2022
- 2022-07-07 CN CN202210802736.5A patent/CN115621580B/en active Active
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- 2023-05-09 WO PCT/CN2023/092976 patent/WO2024007723A1/en unknown
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| JPH10255757A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-25 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | Lithium secondary battery |
| CN202585594U (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-12-05 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery and pole ear thereof |
| CN205752365U (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-11-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery protecting apparatus, cover plate assembly and battery |
| WO2018153155A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery cover assembly and battery |
| CN111276665A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-12 | 中信国安盟固利动力科技有限公司 | Soft package lithium ion battery |
| CN212136578U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-12-11 | 东莞市鸿德电池有限公司 | Explosion-proof lithium battery |
| CN212136579U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-12-11 | 东莞市鸿德电池有限公司 | Non-magnetized lithium battery |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN115621580A (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| WO2024007723A1 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
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