CN115603282A - Electronic protection device, electronic protection method and power distribution device - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to an electronic protection device, an electronic protection method and a power distribution device. In the electronic protection device, a first isolation driving module is used for connecting or disconnecting a first input end of a voltage comparison module with a power supply according to a signal transmitted by a control module; the second isolation driving module is used for switching on or off a second input end of the voltage comparison module and the power supply according to the signal transmitted by the control module; the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the first end of the switch module, and the second end and the third end of the switch module are connected in the protected loop; the control module is used for sending a preset first electric signal to the first isolation driving module if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be conducted so as to enable the second end and the third end of the switch module to be conducted; and if overcurrent protection needs to be carried out on the protected loop, sending a preset second electric signal to the second isolation driving module so as to disconnect the protected loop. The electronic protection device can not generate electric arcs, and the circuit protection is more reliable and safer.

Description

Electronic protection device, electronic protection method and power distribution device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular, to an electronic protection device, an electronic protection method, and a power distribution device.

Background

The existing low-voltage distribution system of the rail vehicle consists of a direct-current power supply, a distribution cabinet or a distribution box and a plurality of loads, and a main loop of the distribution cabinet and protection/control elements of branches mostly adopt a circuit breaker, a relay, a contactor and the like. The main loop is always provided with a power supply main switch as superior protection, loads of different grades are controlled in a grading way through a contactor, and the branch loads are protected and controlled by adopting a breaker and a relay.

Because the traditional mechanical elements are adopted, the power distribution cabinet has large volume, heavy weight and high cost; mechanical components such as circuit breakers, contactors and the like cut off circuits through certain space gaps, arc discharge is caused, and the contactors or relays are easily damaged due to arc discharge. The maintenance is difficult and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic protection device, an electronic protection method, and a power distribution device that have high reliability and a long lifetime.

In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides an electronic protection device, which includes a first isolation driving module, a second isolation driving module, a voltage comparing module, a switch module, and a control module;

the first isolation driving module is connected with a power supply, the control module and a first input end of the voltage comparison module, and is used for switching on or off the first input end of the voltage comparison module and the power supply according to a signal transmitted by the control module;

the second isolation driving module is connected with the power supply, the control module and the second input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for switching on or switching off the second input end of the voltage comparison module and the power supply according to the signal transmitted by the control module;

the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the first end of the switch module, the second end and the third end of the switch module are connected in a protected loop, and the switch module is used for switching on or off the protected loop according to a signal transmitted by the output end of the voltage comparison module;

the control module is used for sending a preset first electric signal to the first isolation driving module to enable the second end and the third end of the switch module to be conducted if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be conducted; and if the protected loop needs overcurrent protection, sending a preset second electric signal to the second isolation driving module so as to disconnect the protected loop.

Optionally, the first isolation driving module includes a first optocoupler and a first resistor, the control module is connected to a first input end of the first optocoupler through the first resistor, a second input end of the first optocoupler is connected to a ground, a first output end of the first optocoupler is connected to the power supply, and a second output end of the first optocoupler is connected to a first input end of the voltage comparing module;

the second isolation driving module comprises a second optical coupler, a second resistor and a third resistor, the control module is connected with the first input end of the second optical coupler through the second resistor, the second input end of the second optical coupler is connected with a ground wire, the first output end of the second optical coupler is connected with the power supply, and the second output end of the second optical coupler is connected with the second input end of the voltage comparison module through the third resistor.

Optionally, the voltage comparison module includes a voltage comparator, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor;

a first end of the fourth resistor is used as a first input end of the voltage comparison module, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparator;

the first end of the sixth resistor is used as the second input end of the voltage comparison module, the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the first end of the sixth resistor is also connected with the second input end of the voltage comparator through the fifth resistor;

and the output end of the voltage comparator is used as the output end of the voltage comparison module.

Optionally, the third resistor and the sixth resistor are adjustable resistors.

Optionally, the switch module includes a switch tube, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a diode;

a first end of the seventh resistor is used as a first end of the switch module, a second end of the seventh resistor is connected with a grid electrode of the switch tube, a drain electrode and a source electrode of the switch tube are respectively used as a second end and a third end of the switch module, the grid electrode of the switch tube passes through the eighth resistor grounding wire, and the source electrode of the switch tube is grounded;

the drain electrode of the switching tube is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the anode of the diode is connected with the first input end of the voltage comparison module.

Optionally, the electronic protection device further comprises a current sensor for detecting a current in the protected loop;

the control module is further connected with the current sensor and used for sending the second electric signal to the second isolation driving module when the current detected by the current sensor is larger than a preset threshold value, so that the protected loop is disconnected.

Optionally, the electronic protection device further comprises a fuse connected in the protected loop.

The present disclosure further provides an electronic protection method, applied to an electronic protection device, where the electronic protection device includes a first isolation driving module, a second isolation driving module, a voltage comparison module, and a switch module;

the first isolation driving module is connected with a power supply, the control module and a first input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for connecting or disconnecting the first input end of the voltage comparison module with the power supply;

the second isolation driving module is connected with the power supply, the control module and the second input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for connecting or disconnecting the second input end of the voltage comparison module with the power supply;

the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the first end of the switch module, the second end and the third end of the switch module are connected in a protected loop, and the switch module is used for switching on or off the protected loop according to a signal transmitted by the output end of the voltage comparison module;

the method comprises the following steps: if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be conducted, a preset first electric signal is sent to the first isolation driving module, so that the second end and the third end of the switch module are conducted; and if the protected loop needs overcurrent protection, sending a preset second electric signal to the second isolation driving module so as to disconnect the protected loop.

Optionally, the electronic protection device further comprises a current sensor for detecting a current in the protected loop;

the method further comprises the following steps: and if the current detected by the current sensor is greater than a preset threshold value, judging that overcurrent protection needs to be carried out on the protected loop.

The present disclosure also provides a power distribution apparatus, the power distribution apparatus includes a plurality of above-mentioned electronic protection devices that this disclosure provided, the controller is respectively with a plurality of control module among the electronic protection device is connected, and every electronic protection device connects in corresponding protected return circuit.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, by the control that the protection return circuit switched on or break off with mechanical devices such as soft switch control replacement tradition by circuit breaker, contactor, relay, this disclosed electronic protection device can not produce electric arc, and circuit protection is more reliable, safe to this disclosed electronic protection device is small, with low costs, and the integrated level is high.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic protection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electronic protection device provided in an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an electronic protection method provided by an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system provided by an exemplary embodiment;

fig. 5 is a block diagram of a power distribution apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the disclosure refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic protection device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the electronic protection device 100 includes a first isolated driving module 10, a second isolated driving module 20, a voltage comparison module 30, a switching module 40, and a control module 50.

The first isolation driving module 10 is connected to the power supply, the control module 50 and a first input end of the voltage comparison module 30, and is configured to connect or disconnect the first input end of the voltage comparison module 30 to the power supply according to a signal transmitted by the control module 50.

The second isolation driving module 20 is connected to the power supply, the control module 50 and a second input end of the voltage comparing module 30, and is configured to connect or disconnect the second input end of the voltage comparing module 30 to the power supply according to a signal transmitted by the control module 50;

the output end of the voltage comparison module 30 is connected to the first end of the switch module 40, the second end and the third end of the switch module 40 are connected to the protected circuit, and the switch module 40 is configured to turn on or off the protected circuit according to a signal transmitted by the output end of the voltage comparison module 30.

The control module 50 is configured to send a predetermined first electrical signal to the first isolation driving module 10 to enable the second terminal and the third terminal of the switching module 40 to be connected if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be connected; if the protected loop needs to be subjected to overcurrent protection, a predetermined second electrical signal is sent to the second isolation driving module 20, so that the protected loop is disconnected.

The protected loop may be a main loop in an electronic device or a power supply system, and the electronic protection device string is connected to the protected loop in advance when in use. If the protected loop needs to be turned on, the second terminal and the third terminal of the switch module 40 need to be controlled to be turned on, a predetermined first electrical signal is sent to the first isolation driving module 10, and the voltage comparing module 30 outputs a signal capable of turning on the switch module 40; if overcurrent protection is needed and the protected loop is disconnected, the second terminal and the third terminal of the switch module 40 need to be controlled to be disconnected, a predetermined second electrical signal is sent to the second isolation driving module 20, and the voltage comparing module 30 outputs a signal capable of disconnecting the switch module 40.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, by the control that the protection return circuit switched on or break off with mechanical devices such as soft switch control replacement tradition by circuit breaker, contactor, relay, this disclosed electronic protection device can not produce electric arc, and circuit protection is more reliable, safe to this disclosed electronic protection device is small, with low costs, and the integrated level is high.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electronic protection device according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the first isolation driving module 10 includes a first optical coupler OP1 and a first resistor R1. The control module 50 is connected to a first input end of the first optical coupler OP1 through a first resistor R1, a second input end of the first optical coupler OP1 is connected to a ground wire, a first output end of the first optical coupler OP1 is connected to a power supply (+ 15V), and a second output end of the first optical coupler OP1 is connected to a first input end of the voltage comparison module 30.

The second isolation driving module 20 includes a second optical coupler OP2, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, the control module 50 is connected to a first input end of the second optical coupler OP2 through the second resistor R2, a second input end of the second optical coupler OP2 is connected to a ground wire, a first output end of the second optical coupler OP2 is connected to a power supply (+ 15V), and a second output end of the second optical coupler OP2 is connected to a second input end of the voltage comparison module 30 through the third resistor R3. In this way, the voltage values of the two input ends of the voltage comparison module 30 are controlled by controlling the on/off of the first optical coupler OP1 and the second optical coupler OP 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the voltage comparison module 30 includes a voltage comparator G1, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6.

A first end of the fourth resistor R4 is used as a first input end of the voltage comparing module 30, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first input end of the voltage comparator G1.

The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is used as the second input terminal of the voltage comparing module 30, the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the ground, and the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is further connected to the second input terminal of the voltage comparator G1 through the fifth resistor R5.

The voltage comparator G1 controls the voltage value of the output end of the voltage comparator G according to the difference of the voltage values of the two input ends. As shown in FIG. 2, VCC + (+ 15V) is output when U + > U-, and VCC- (-15V) is output when U + < U-. The output terminal of the voltage comparator G1 serves as the output terminal of the voltage comparison module 30.

The third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 are adjustable resistors.

As shown in fig. 2, the switch module 40 includes a switch tube G2, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, and a diode G3.

A first end of the seventh resistor R7 serves as a first end of the switch module 40, a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to a gate of the switch tube G2, a drain and a source of the switch tube G2 serve as a second end and a third end of the switch module 40, respectively, the gate of the switch tube G2 passes through an eighth resistor R8 and a source of the switch tube G2, and is connected to a ground line.

The switch tube G2 may be a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), or the like, for example.

The drain of the switch tube G2 is connected to the cathode of the diode G3, and the anode of the diode G3 is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage comparison module 30.

The output end of the voltage comparison module 30 is connected to the gate of the switching tube G2, so as to control the on/off of the switching tube G2. When the protected loop is short-circuited, the voltage between the drain and the source (collection voltage U) is determined by the inherent characteristics of the switching tube G2 _CE ) And the voltage rises rapidly and is fed back to the voltage comparison module 30, so that U + is less than U-, and the output end of the voltage comparator G1 outputs VCC- (-15V), so that the grid voltage of the voltage comparator is changed, and automatic protection is achieved.

In yet another embodiment, the electronic protection device 100 may further include a current sensor G5, the current sensor G5 being configured to detect a current in the protected loop.

The control module 50 is further connected to the current sensor G5, and configured to send a second electrical signal to the second isolation driving module 20 to open the protected loop when the current detected by the current sensor G5 is greater than the predetermined threshold. The current sensor G5 may be a current hall.

In yet another embodiment, the electronic protection device 100 further includes a fuse G4, the fuse G4 being connected in the protected circuit. The fuse G4 is connected in series in the protected loop to serve as backup protection.

In the embodiment of fig. 2, the electrical principle is as follows: the collector (drain) and emitter (source) of the switch tube G2 are connected to a protected loop (the collector of the switch tube G2 is connected to a current inlet line, the emitter of the switch tube G2 is connected to a current outlet line), the gate (gate) of the switch tube G2 is connected to the output Uo of the voltage comparator G1 through a third resistor R3 with a current limiting function, one end of a seventh resistor R7 is connected to a signal ground (the signal ground is electrically isolated from the negative electrode of the main circuit) through an adjustable eighth resistor R8, and the source of the switch tube G2 is also connected to the signal ground. The +15V voltage is connected to the homodromous input end U + of the voltage comparator G1 through the first optocoupler OP1, the current-limiting sixth resistor R6 and the fifth resistor R5, and one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to a signal ground through the adjustable resistor R6 to form a reference voltage UR; the +15V voltage is connected to the reverse input end U-of the voltage comparator G1 through a second optocoupler OP2, an adjustable third resistor R3 and a current-limiting fourth resistor R4. One end of the fourth resistor R4 forms a comparison voltage UI with the signal ground. The drain of the switch tube G2 is fed back to the return input U-of the voltage comparator G1 via the diode G3. The input ends of the first optical coupler OP1 and the second optical coupler OP2 and the current sensor G5 collect the voltage of the protected loop and are connected with the control module 50.

The electronic protection device in fig. 2 functions as follows:

1) Protected loop turn-on control: the control module 50 outputs a switch-on instruction to the first optocoupler OP1, the reference voltage UR is input as a path, the comparison voltage UI is input as a broken circuit, namely the comparison voltage UI is less than the reference voltage UR, the voltage comparator G1 outputs VCC + (+ 15V) to the grid of the switching tube G2, the switching tube G2 is switched on, and the protected circuit is switched on;

2) Overcurrent protection: the current sensor G5 collects the current of the protected loop, when the collected current exceeds a preset threshold value, the control module 50 outputs an overcurrent protection instruction to the second optocoupler OP2, the comparison voltage UI is larger than the reference voltage UR, the voltage comparator G1 outputs VCC- (-15V) to the grid electrode of the switch tube G2, the switch tube G2 is cut off, and the protected loop is disconnected;

3) Short-circuit protection: when the short circuit occurs in the protected loop, the short-circuit current needs to be quickly cut off, and according to the characteristics of the switch tube G2, the voltage (the collection voltage U) between the drain and the source is generated after the short circuit _CE ) Will rise instantaneously, this higher U _CE The voltage is fed back to a reverse input end U-of the voltage comparator G1 to form a comparison voltage UI which is larger than a reference voltage UR, the voltage comparator G1 outputs VCC- (-15V) to a grid electrode of the switch tube G2, the switch tube G2 is cut off, and the protection loop is disconnected;

4) Current detection and loop state feedback: the current sensor G5 collects the current of the protected loop and converts the current into a digital signal to be sent to the control module 50 in real time. If the current is zero, the protected circuit is judged to be disconnected, otherwise, the main circuit is judged to be connected;

5) Backup protection function: if the overcurrent and short-circuit protection of the switch tube G2 fails, the fuse G4 performs backup overcurrent and short-circuit protection in order to avoid damaging equipment of a protected loop. When overcurrent happens, the short-circuit protection time triggered by the switch tube G2 is shorter than the fusing time of the fuse G4, and when the short-circuit happens, the self short-circuit protection time of the switch tube G2 is shorter than the fusing time of the fuse G4, so that the protection of the electronic module is triggered preferentially.

In the electronic protection device disclosed by the present disclosure, the rated current and the short-circuit breaking current of the protected loop can be adjusted. Specifically, the gate voltage of the switching tube G2 is adjusted by adjusting the eighth resistor R8, so that the rated on-current and short-circuit breaking of the switching tube G2 are adjusted. The magnitudes of the comparison voltage UI and the reference voltage UR are adjusted by adjusting the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 to match different rated conduction currents of different switching tubes G2.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an electronic protection method provided by an exemplary embodiment. The electronic protection method is applied to the electronic protection device 100. As shown in fig. 3, the method may include:

step S101, if it is required to control the protected loop to be conducted, sending a predetermined first electrical signal to the first isolation driving module, so as to conduct the second end and the third end of the switch module.

Step S102, if overcurrent protection needs to be performed on the protected loop, sending a predetermined second electrical signal to the second isolation driving module, so as to disconnect the protected loop.

If the electronic protection device 100 further includes a current sensor G5, the method may further include: and if the current detected by the current sensor is greater than a preset threshold value, judging that overcurrent protection needs to be carried out on the protected loop.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, by the control that the protection return circuit switched on or cut off with mechanical devices such as soft switch control replacement tradition by circuit breaker, contactor, relay, this disclosed electronic protection device can not produce electric arc, and circuit protection is more reliable, safety to this disclosed electronic protection device is small, with low costs, and the integrated level is high.

A plurality of the above-described electronic protection devices 100 can be used to protect a plurality of circuits in a single power distribution system. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution system provided by an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the power distribution system includes a dc power source, n +3 electronic protection devices 100, and n +2 loads (F1 to Fn + 2). The bus and each branch of the power distribution system are protected and controlled by an electronic protection device 100. Each electronic protection device 100 controls the on-off of the load of the loop, performs overcurrent and short-circuit protection, and can feed back the electrical parameters of each load loop in real time.

The present disclosure also provides a power distribution apparatus including a controller and a plurality of electronic protection apparatuses 100, the controller is respectively connected with the control modules 50 in the plurality of electronic protection apparatuses 100, and each electronic protection apparatus 100 is connected in a corresponding protected loop.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a power distribution apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the power distribution device 1000 may include a controller 200 and a plurality of electronic protection devices. The electronic protection device may optionally separate the control module 50 from other parts (including the first isolation driving module 10, the second isolation driving module 20, the voltage comparing module 30, and the switch module 40, which are abbreviated as 10 to 40 in fig. 5 hereinafter) and even share the same control module 50 among a plurality of electronic protection devices. In fig. 5, the power distribution apparatus 1000 includes one controller 200, several modules 10 to 40, and several control modules 50. Several control modules 50 and controllers 200 are arranged on the same printed circuit board and communicate via an on-board communication bus. According to the actual requirement of information interaction, one control module can control a plurality of 10-40 modules; according to the actual requirement of information interaction, one controller 200 can control a plurality of control modules 50; the controller 200 performs digital signal (hard-wire signal) interaction with an external upper-level controller through a hard-wire signal input/output module, and the controller 200 performs network signal interaction with the external upper-level controller through a communication module.

The power distribution device 1000 may also include a power conversion module 300. The power conversion module 300 is configured to convert the voltage output by the power supply into a voltage (5V) required by the control module 50, a voltage (5V) required by the controller 200, and a voltage (15V) required by 10-40. The positive pole of the power supply is connected to the power supply conversion module 300 through the fusing module Fu1, and the protection effect is achieved.

The plurality of loads (F1 to Fn + 2) in fig. 5 are all detected and protected by corresponding electronic protection devices, and the schematic diagram is as follows:

when the controller 200 receives a low-voltage power-on command sent by a superior vehicle controller, for example, the controller sends a load closing command to each control module 50, and each control module 50 sends a corresponding control command to each control module 10-40 after receiving the load closing command, so as to control the switch inside the controller to be turned off and on, and the load starts to work after being powered on. The current sensor in the electronic protection device feeds the branch current and the branch on-off state back to each control module 50, and each control module 50 sends the branch current and the branch on-off state to the controller 200 through the communication bus for unified management. Under the condition of no overcurrent and short-circuit faults, the electronic protection devices in the bus circuit and the electronic protection devices of each branch are controlled to be switched on and off by a pre-written program. The related control timing relation is as follows:

if all the loads are switched on, the switching-on time of the electronic protection devices in the bus circuit is earlier than that of the electronic protection devices of each branch;

if all the loads are turned off, the turn-off time of the electronic protection devices in the bus circuit is later than the turn-off time of the electronic protection devices of all the branches;

if overcurrent and short-circuit protection is carried out, the turn-off time of the electronic protection devices in the bus circuit is earlier than the turn-off time of the electronic protection devices of each branch.

The whole vehicle control unit can control the connection and the closure of a loop independently through a corresponding electronic protection device according to needs.

The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure does not separately describe various possible combinations.

In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An electronic protection device is characterized by comprising a first isolation driving module, a second isolation driving module, a voltage comparison module, a switch module and a control module;

the first isolation driving module is connected with a power supply, the control module and a first input end of the voltage comparison module, and is used for switching on or off the first input end of the voltage comparison module and the power supply according to a signal transmitted by the control module;

the second isolation driving module is connected with the power supply, the control module and the second input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for switching on or switching off the second input end of the voltage comparison module and the power supply according to the signal transmitted by the control module;

the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the first end of the switch module, the second end and the third end of the switch module are connected in a protected loop, and the switch module is used for switching on or off the protected loop according to a signal transmitted by the output end of the voltage comparison module;

the control module is used for sending a preset first electric signal to the first isolation driving module to enable the second end and the third end of the switch module to be conducted if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be conducted; and if the protected loop needs overcurrent protection, sending a preset second electric signal to the second isolation driving module so as to disconnect the protected loop.

2. The electronic protection device according to claim 1, wherein the first isolation driving module comprises a first optical coupler and a first resistor, the control module is connected with a first input end of the first optical coupler through the first resistor, a second input end of the first optical coupler is grounded, a first output end of the first optical coupler is connected with the power supply, and a second output end of the first optical coupler is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparison module;

the second isolation driving module comprises a second optical coupler, a second resistor and a third resistor, the control module is connected with the first input end of the second optical coupler through the second resistor, the second input end of the second optical coupler is connected with a ground wire, the first output end of the second optical coupler is connected with the power supply, and the second output end of the second optical coupler is connected with the second input end of the voltage comparison module through the third resistor.

3. The electronic protection device according to claim 2, wherein the voltage comparison module comprises a voltage comparator, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor;

a first end of the fourth resistor is used as a first input end of the voltage comparison module, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first input end of the voltage comparator;

the first end of the sixth resistor is used as the second input end of the voltage comparison module, the second end of the sixth resistor is connected with the ground wire, and the first end of the sixth resistor is also connected with the second input end of the voltage comparator through the fifth resistor;

and the output end of the voltage comparator is used as the output end of the voltage comparison module.

4. The electronic protection device of claim 3, wherein the third resistor and the sixth resistor are adjustable resistors.

5. The electronic protection device according to claim 3, wherein the switch module comprises a switch tube, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a diode;

a first end of the seventh resistor is used as a first end of the switch module, a second end of the seventh resistor is connected with a grid electrode of the switch tube, a drain electrode and a source electrode of the switch tube are respectively used as a second end and a third end of the switch module, the grid electrode of the switch tube passes through the eighth resistor grounding wire, and the source electrode of the switch tube is grounded;

the drain electrode of the switching tube is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the anode of the diode is connected with the first input end of the voltage comparison module.

6. The electronic protection device according to any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a current sensor for detecting a current in the protected circuit;

the control module is further connected with the current sensor and is used for sending the second electric signal to the second isolation driving module when the current detected by the current sensor is larger than a preset threshold value, so that the protected loop is disconnected.

7. An electronic protection device according to any one of claims 1-5 further comprising a fuse connected in said protected circuit.

8. An electronic protection method is characterized by being applied to an electronic protection device, wherein the electronic protection device comprises a first isolation driving module, a second isolation driving module, a voltage comparison module and a switch module;

the first isolation driving module is connected with a power supply, the control module and a first input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for connecting or disconnecting the first input end of the voltage comparison module with the power supply;

the second isolation driving module is connected with the power supply, the control module and the second input end of the voltage comparison module and is used for connecting or disconnecting the second input end of the voltage comparison module with the power supply;

the output end of the voltage comparison module is connected with the first end of the switch module, the second end and the third end of the switch module are connected in a protected loop, and the switch module is used for switching on or off the protected loop according to a signal transmitted by the output end of the voltage comparison module;

the method comprises the following steps: if the protected loop needs to be controlled to be conducted, a preset first electric signal is sent to the first isolation driving module, so that the second end and the third end of the switch module are conducted; and if overcurrent protection needs to be carried out on the protected loop, sending a preset second electric signal to the second isolation driving module so as to disconnect the protected loop.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the electronic protection device further comprises a current sensor for detecting current in the protected circuit;

the method further comprises the following steps: and if the current detected by the current sensor is greater than a preset threshold value, judging that overcurrent protection needs to be carried out on the protected loop.

10. An electrical distribution apparatus, comprising a controller and a plurality of electronic protection devices according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the controller being connected to respective control modules of the plurality of electronic protection devices, each electronic protection device being connected in a respective protected circuit.

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