CN115589988A - 一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法 - Google Patents
一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及乳清蛋白功能检测技术领域,具体涉及一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法。本发明提供一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法,其包括:以斑马鱼作为实验动物构建骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,以乳清蛋白浓缩物处理所述骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,分析骨质疏松缓解效果。该方法实现了在体化、微板化、简单、高效地检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松的影响。本发明还发现乳清蛋白浓缩物具有抗骨质疏松、增强成骨细胞增殖与分化、增加骨密度、促进骨骼生长和发育的功能,对于乳清蛋白的应用推广具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及乳清蛋白功能检测技术领域,具体涉及一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法。
背景技术
骨质疏松是由多种原因引起的一种全身性骨骼疾病,其特点是骨质量降低、骨组织微结构破坏、导致骨脆性增加、骨折风险增加。随着人口老龄化的增长,骨质疏松症在中老年人中的发病率逐渐增高,骨质疏松症使患者的行动受到较为严重的影响,骨折的发生率相对较高,从而影响患者的生活质量。传统的哺乳动物促进骨骼发育模型和毒性模型的构建耗时长且成本高,不适于早期高效筛选,较难进行微量成分促进骨骼发育活性的在体评价。
乳清蛋白是溶解、分散在乳清中的蛋白质,具有营养价值高、易消化吸收、含有多种功能性活性成分等特点。开发高效的乳清蛋白促进骨骼发育活性及其对骨质疏松的影响的检测方法对于乳清蛋白的功能检测和应用具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法。本发明的另一目的是提供乳清蛋白在制备防治骨质疏松、促进骨骼生长、发育等药物、食品、保健品或饲料中的应用。
具体地,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明首先提供斑马鱼在制备用于检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的动物模型中的应用。
本发明发现,与其他动物相比,斑马鱼更适于作为检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的实验动物,具有建模周期短、检测效率高、检测效果准确性高等优势。
基于上述发现,本发明提供一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法,该方法包括:以斑马鱼作为实验动物构建骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,以乳清蛋白浓缩物处理所述骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,分析骨质疏松缓解效果。
本发明中,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物可通过市售途径购买获得或采用本领域常规技术手段制备得到。
上述方法中,所述骨质疏松斑马鱼模型的构建包括:采用泼尼松龙处理斑马鱼,所述泼尼松龙的处理浓度为22-28μmol/L。优选为25μmol/L。
上述方法中,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理剂量为0.1-1μg/5条斑马鱼/24h。更优选为0.25-1μg/5条斑马鱼/24h。
优选地,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理浓度为0.1-1μg/mL。更优选为0.25-1μg/mL。
优选地,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理时间为从斑马鱼的2-4dpf至8-9dpf。更优选为从斑马鱼的3dpf至9dpf。
上述方法中,斑马鱼可培养在多孔培养板中,优选每孔4-6条。
具体地,采用25μmol/L的泼尼松龙复制斑马鱼骨质疏松模型,分别采用高、中、低剂量的乳清蛋白溶液、15μg/mL的依替膦酸二钠溶液处理骨质疏松斑马鱼至9dpf处死,同时设置正常对照组(养鱼用水处理正常斑马鱼)和模型对照组(25μmol/L泼尼松龙处理正常斑马鱼)。
上述方法中,在乳清蛋白浓缩物处理结束后,将乳清蛋白浓缩物处理后的斑马鱼处死,采用茜素红染色,分析斑马鱼头骨染色面积和累积光密度。
具体地,所述茜素红染色包括:将斑马鱼经3.5-4.5%的多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液固定2-4h,置于45-55%的乙醇中处理5-15min,去除乙醇后,加入茜素红染色10-14h,去除染色液,经水洗涤后采用漂白剂漂白1.5-2.5h,去除漂白剂后,先后采用体积比为3:1的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油、体积比为1:1的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油,体积比为1:3的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油分别处理5-7h,最后保存于甘油中,以甘油作为斑马鱼的固定剂进行显微镜观察和拍照。
与现有技术将甘油仅作为透明剂不同,本发明将甘油同时作为透明剂与拍照时斑马鱼的固定剂,提高了拍照的速率。
优选地,所述漂白剂含有1-2%的双氧水和0.8-1.2的氢氧化钾溶液。
优选地,采用荧光倒置显微镜观察斑马鱼头骨骨矿化面积和骨密度。
上述斑马鱼骨骼的茜素红染色、荧光倒置显微镜观察斑马鱼头骨骨矿化面积和骨密度具体包括以下步骤:
(1)取培养9dpf的斑马鱼置于MS-222(200mg/L)中麻醉致死,去除MS-222溶液后将幼鱼固定于4%多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液3h;
(2)去除4%多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液后,将斑马鱼幼鱼置于50%乙醇10min;去除乙醇,加入茜素红染色液,放置过夜;
(3)去除染色液,加入超纯水洗去多余的染液后加入新鲜配制的含1.5%H2O2和1%KOH的漂白剂,放置2h;
(4)去除漂白剂后,加入0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(3∶1)6h,然后更换溶液为0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(1∶1)6h,最后更换溶液为0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(1∶3)6h,保存于纯甘油;
(5)荧光倒置显微镜采集放大100倍的显微成像图并采用专业图像处理软件Imagepro plus 6.0计算斑马鱼头骨染色面积和累积光密度。n=5-6,计算平均值、标准偏差,t-test比较各组差异。
上述方法中,在进行乳清蛋白浓缩物处理前,还包括检测乳清蛋白对斑马鱼最大安全浓度的步骤。
上述检测乳清蛋白对斑马鱼最大安全浓度具体包括以下步骤:
(1)挑选受精3dpf的健康胚胎,用吸管小心转移至24孔细胞培养板内,每孔5条,每组设置3个复孔;
(2)分别采用CLE和乳清蛋白浓缩物溶液的5个浓度1000、100、10、1、0.1μg/mL处理上述分组的斑马鱼;
(3)各组均浸泡72h,记录72h内各实验组中斑马鱼胚胎的死亡情况,及时将死亡的斑马鱼去除,以防止水质污染对实验结果造成影响;
(4)统计斑马鱼死亡率并在体式显微镜下观察斑马鱼的形态;观察指标为:斑马鱼是否出现脊椎弯曲、心脏出血、心包肿大、卵黄皱缩等;
(5)确定1μg/mL的乳清蛋白浓缩物溶液对斑马鱼无明显毒性。
除上述在体检测外,上述方法还可包括体外检测的步骤。
具体地,所述方法还包括检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对小鼠胚胎成骨细胞增殖与分化的影响的步骤。
其中,所述增殖的影响的检测为采用MTT法进行,所述分化的影响的检测为通过对小鼠胚胎成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶ALP的活性进行检测。
以上所述的MTT法包括如下步骤:
(1)将小鼠胚胎成骨细胞MC3T3-E1以2×103-4×103/100μL的密度接种于培养板;
(2)加入不同浓度的乳清蛋白浓缩物,孵育20-26h后,弃去旧培养基,加入90-110μL的10%、5mg/mL的MTT工作液,继续培养3.5-4.5h;
(3)弃去旧培养基,每孔加入90-110μL DMSO,80-120rpm摇晃8-12min,检测得到的反应体系在490nm下的吸光度。
作为本发明的一种实施方式,使用的小鼠胚胎成骨细胞为MC3T3-E1。
优选地,采用MTT法考察乳清蛋白浓缩物对MC3T3-E1增殖的影响具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将MC3T3-E1细胞以3×103/100μL的密度接种于96孔培养板,每板设空白孔,每组设3个复孔;
(2)加入不同浓度的乳清蛋白浓缩物的含药血清,孵育24h后,吸弃旧培养基,加入100μL的10%、5mg/mL的MTT工作液,继续培养4h;
(3)吸弃旧培养基,每孔加入100μL DMSO,于空气摇床,100rpm摇晃10min;
(4)用多功能酶标仪在490nm下测定吸光度。
上述小鼠胚胎成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶ALP的检测采用ALP检测试剂盒进行,包括以下步骤:
(1)将MC3T3-E1细胞以1×105个/孔接种于6孔板中(2mL/孔),在37℃、含5%CO2的恒温细胞培养箱中培养;
(2)MC3T3-E1细胞种板24h后待细胞融合度为80-90%时,弃旧培养基,加入含乳清蛋白浓缩物的培养基,给药浓度为1000μg/mL,向6孔板里面加入2mL含有不同药物溶液的诱导培养基(0.2mmol/L抗坏血酸,10mmol/Lβ-甘油磷酸钠,10nmol/L地塞米松),并设置阴性对照(空白诱导培养基);
(3)成骨诱导分化共7天,每隔2天更换新鲜的培养基,第7天分别添加200μL的Western及IP细胞裂解液裂解细胞,4℃裂解15min,12000g离心5min,收集上清液作为样品,按照碱性磷酸酶检测试剂盒说明书测定。
本发明通过上述分析检测方法,发现了乳清蛋白浓缩物对于缓解骨质疏松、促进骨骼生长发育的功能。
基于上述发现,本发明提供乳清蛋白浓缩物的如下任一种应用:
(1)在制备用于防治骨质疏松的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(2)在制备用于增强成骨细胞增殖和/或分化的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(3)在制备用于增加骨密度的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(4)在制备用于促进骨骼生长、发育、愈合、矿化的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明以MC3T3-E1细胞、骨质疏松症斑马鱼为模型,通过分析乳清蛋白浓缩物对小鼠胚胎成骨细胞(MC3T3-E1)增殖与分化的影响,以及对泼尼松龙诱导的斑马鱼骨质疏松的缓解作用,证明了乳清蛋白浓缩物具有增强成骨细胞增殖、分化、抗骨质疏松、增加骨密度、促进骨骼生长与发育的功能。其中,乳清蛋白蛋白浓缩物对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖的影响分析结果显示,500μg/mL及1000μg/mL的乳清蛋白浓缩物干预成骨细胞24h后,细胞生存率增高,均能明显促进前成骨细胞的增殖,其中,1000μg/mL的乳清蛋白浓缩物促进成骨细胞增殖的效果最明显;乳清蛋白浓缩物对MC3T3-E1细胞ALP活性的影响分析结果显示,经乳清蛋白浓缩物处理后,ALP活性显著提高;斑马鱼骨质疏松模型的在体检测结果显示,不同乳清蛋白浓缩物给药组剂量均能够逆转泼尼松诱发的骨丢失,对骨质疏松具有明显的治疗作用,且呈现浓度依赖性。
本发明使用的斑马鱼骨骼发育模型可解决乳清蛋白浓缩物难以进行促进骨骼发育活性在体评价的技术问题,实现在体化、微板化、简单和高效筛选。本发明提供的检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法为其他物质对骨质疏松的预防或治疗作用的研究提供借鉴。本发明发现的乳清蛋白浓缩物的抗骨质疏松、增强成骨细胞增殖与分化等功能对于乳清蛋白的应用推广具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例2中不同浓度的乳清蛋白浓缩物和CLE对MC3T3-E1细胞的ALP活性的影响,其中,CWE代表乳清蛋白浓缩物。
图2为本发明实施例5中各组斑马鱼幼鱼(9dpf)头骨茜素红染色的显微成像结果,其中,CWE代表乳清蛋白浓缩物。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1 MTT细胞增殖实验
将小鼠胚胎成骨细胞MC3T3-E1以3×103/100μL的密度接种于96孔培养板,每板设空白孔,每组设3个复孔。加入不同浓度的乳清蛋白浓缩物的含药血清(0-1000μg/mL),孵育24h后,吸弃旧培养基,加入100μL 10%、5mg/mL的MTT工作液(操作注意避光),继续培养4h后,吸弃旧培养基,每孔加入100μL DMSO,于空气摇床,100rpm摇晃10min。用多功能酶标仪在490nm下测定吸光度。结果如表1所示。
注:与对照组比较:*P<0.05
实施例2 ALP活性检测
将MC3T3-E1细胞以1×105个/孔接种于6孔板中(2mL/孔),在37℃、含5%CO2的恒温细胞培养箱中培养。MC3T3-E1细胞种板24h后待细胞融合度为80-90%时,弃旧培养基,加入含乳清蛋白浓缩物的培养基,给药浓度为1000μg/mL。向6孔板里面加入2mL含有不同药物溶液的诱导培养基(0.2mmol/L抗坏血酸,10mmol/Lβ-甘油磷酸钠,10nmol/L地塞米松),并设置阴性对照(空白诱导培养基),成骨诱导分化共7天,每隔2天更换新鲜的培养基,第7天分别添加200μL的Western及IP细胞裂解液裂解细胞,4℃裂解15min,12000g离心5min,收集上清液作为样品,按照碱性磷酸酶检测试剂盒说明书测定。ALP的活性检测结果如图1所示,结果显示,乳清蛋白浓缩物处理后,MC3T3-E1细胞的ALP活性较阴性对照显著提高,表明乳清蛋白浓缩物能够促进MC3T3-E1细胞的分化。
实施例3斑马鱼最大安全浓度筛选
挑选受精3dpf的斑马鱼健康胚胎,用吸管小心转移至24孔细胞培养板内,每孔5条,每组设置3个复孔。分别采用乳清蛋白浓缩物溶液的5个浓度1000、100、10、1、0.1μg/mL处理上述分组的斑马鱼。各组均浸泡72h,记录72h内各实验组中斑马鱼胚胎的死亡情况,及时将死亡的斑马鱼去除,以防止水质污染对实验结果造成影响。结果显示,浓度为1μg/mL及以下的乳清蛋白浓缩物溶液对斑马鱼无明显毒性。
实施例4斑马鱼骨质疏松模型的建立及乳清蛋白浓缩物处理
根据最大安全浓度筛选实验结果,给药期间,为使幼鱼尽可能存活至9dpf,选择72h内大于90%存活率浓度作为最高给药浓度,设置3个剂量组。实验分为对照组、模型组、依替膦酸二钠(15μg/mL)组、以及高(1μg/mL)、中(0.5μg/mL)、低(0.25μg/mL)。将发育至3dpf的斑马鱼幼鱼均匀的分布到24孔板中,每孔5条,3孔为一组。每孔加入相应的溶液1mL,所有组每24h更换一次溶液,直到斑马鱼发育到9dpf。斑马鱼幼鱼体内卵黄囊含丰富的营养可供培养9-10dpf无需喂食。
实施例5斑马鱼骨骼的茜素红染色
取实施例4中培养9dpf的各组斑马鱼置于MS-222(200mg/L)中麻醉致死,去除MS-222溶液后将幼鱼固定于4%多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液3h;去除4%多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液后,将斑马鱼幼鱼置于50%乙醇10min;去除乙醇,加入茜素红染色液,放置过夜;去除染色液,加入超纯水洗去多余的染液后加入新鲜配制的含1.5%H2O2和1%KOH的漂白剂,放置2h;去除漂白剂后,加入0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(3:1)处理6h,然后更换溶液为0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(1:1)处理6h,最后更换溶液为0.5%KOH和甘油的混合溶液(1:3)处理6h,保存于纯甘油中。以甘油作为斑马鱼的固定剂,采用荧光倒置显微镜采集放大100倍的显微成像图并采用专业图像处理软件Image pro plus 6.0计算斑马鱼头骨染色面积和累积光密度。n=5-6,计算平均值、标准偏差,t-test比较各组差异。
斑马鱼头骨染色面积和累积光密度的检测结果如图2所示。结果显示,不同乳清蛋白浓缩物给药剂量均能够逆转泼尼松诱发的骨丢失,对骨质疏松具有明显的治疗作用。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.斑马鱼在制备用于检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的动物模型中的应用。
2.一种检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对骨质疏松影响的方法,其特征在于,包括:以斑马鱼作为实验动物构建骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,以乳清蛋白浓缩物处理所述骨质疏松斑马鱼模型,分析骨质疏松缓解效果。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述骨质疏松斑马鱼模型的构建包括:采用泼尼松龙处理斑马鱼,所述泼尼松龙的处理浓度为22-28μmol/L。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理剂量为0.1-1μg/5条斑马鱼/24h;
优选地,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理浓度为0.1-1μg/mL。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述乳清蛋白浓缩物的处理时间为从斑马鱼的2-4dpf至8-9dpf;
优选地,所述斑马鱼培养在多孔培养板中,每孔4-6条。
6.根据权利要求2~5任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在乳清蛋白浓缩物处理结束后,将乳清蛋白浓缩物处理后的斑马鱼处死,采用茜素红染色,分析斑马鱼头骨染色面积和累积光密度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述茜素红染色包括:将斑马鱼经3.5-4.5%的多聚甲醛磷酸盐缓冲液固定2-4h,置于45-55%的乙醇中处理5-15min,去除乙醇后,加入茜素红染色10-14h,去除染色液,经水洗涤后采用漂白剂漂白1.5-2.5h,去除漂白剂后,先后采用体积比为3:1的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油、体积比为1:1的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油,体积比为1:3的0.5%氢氧化钾溶液和甘油分别处理5-7h,最后保存于甘油中,以甘油作为斑马鱼的固定剂进行显微镜观察和拍照;
优选地,所述漂白剂含有1-2%的双氧水和0.8-1.2的氢氧化钾溶液。
8.根据权利要求2~7任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括检测乳清蛋白浓缩物对小鼠胚胎成骨细胞增殖与分化的影响,
所述增殖的影响的检测为采用MTT法进行,
所述分化的影响的检测为通过对小鼠胚胎成骨细胞的碱性磷酸酶ALP的活性进行检测。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述MTT法包括如下步骤:
(1)将小鼠胚胎成骨细胞MC3T3-E1以2×103-4×103/100μL的密度接种于培养板;
(2)加入不同浓度的乳清蛋白浓缩物,孵育20-26h后,弃去旧培养基,加入90-110μL的10%、5mg/mL的MTT工作液,继续培养3.5-4.5h;
(3)弃去旧培养基,每孔加入90-110μL DMSO,80-120rpm摇晃8-12min,检测得到的反应体系在490nm下的吸光度。
10.乳清蛋白浓缩物的如下任一种应用:
(1)在制备用于防治骨质疏松的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(2)在制备用于增强成骨细胞增殖和/或分化的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(3)在制备用于增加骨密度的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用;
(4)在制备用于促进骨骼生长、发育、愈合、矿化的药物、食品、保健品、饲料中的应用。
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