CN115490475B - Water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity and alkalization and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity and alkalization and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115490475B CN115490475B CN202211139218.6A CN202211139218A CN115490475B CN 115490475 B CN115490475 B CN 115490475B CN 202211139218 A CN202211139218 A CN 202211139218A CN 115490475 B CN115490475 B CN 115490475B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0038—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter
- C04B38/0041—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter the particulate matter having preselected particle sizes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and relates to a water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquitination and a preparation method thereof. The water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity and alkalization comprises Portland cement, quaternary ammonium salt doped mineral admixture, aggregate, additive and water; the mineral admixture doped with quaternary ammonium salt comprises a mixture of one or more of pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder, silicon ash and steel slag powder and quaternary ammonium salt. The water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity and alkalization has excellent water permeability (the water permeability coefficient grade is between K3 and K4) and mechanical property (the 28d compressive strength is above 38 MPa), and has low cost and practical industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and relates to a water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquitination and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The pervious concrete is porous concrete with a continuous pore structure, which is formed by mutually bonding cement slurry mixed by coarse aggregate, cement uniformly wrapped on the surface of the coarse aggregate and a reinforcing agent and carrying out hydration hardening. However, in the application of pervious concrete, the phenomenon of efflorescence is an unavoidable problem. The process of forming the efflorescence phenomenon of the pervious concrete mainly comprises the steps of generating water-containing calcium silicate in the hardening process of slurry, generating a large amount of calcium hydroxide at the same time, generating white calcium carbonate which is not easy to dissolve in water through chemical reaction with carbon dioxide in the air, and forming alkali white on the surface of the concrete after water evaporation. In addition, the mechanical properties of the pervious concrete are lower due to the large number of pore structures in the pervious concrete compared with ordinary concrete.
In CN 106010186B, organic resin hydroxy fluorocarbon resin is used as a matrix material, and ferric oxide pigment and other auxiliary materials are used for preparing a permeable concrete pavement protective agent, so that the problem that a permeable pavement surface layer is prone to whiskering and bloom is effectively inhibited, but the manufacturing cost is too high in the system, and the product competitiveness is weak. CN 110590216A discloses a permeable concrete liquid reinforcing agent, which can inhibit the alkali efflorescence of the concrete surface, but the water permeability of the concrete is poor. CN 108585662B discloses a lightweight permeable concrete pavement brick, which is added with a whiskering inhibitor and adopts a staged physical and chemical synergistic foaming method, and a large number of communicating pores are formed in the prepared concrete, but the permeability coefficient is only 1.4mm/s.
So how to realize that the pervious concrete has excellent flood alkalization resistance and can realize the concrete with high water permeability coefficient and mechanical property is the key whether to really realize industrialized popularization and application at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides the water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquitination, has excellent water permeability (the water permeability coefficient grade is between K3 and K4) and mechanical property (the 28d compressive strength is more than 38 MPa), is low in cost and has practical industrialized application prospect.
The invention realizes the aim through the following scheme that the water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity comprises Portland cement, mineral admixture doped with quaternary ammonium salt, aggregate, additive and water; the mineral admixture doped with quaternary ammonium salt comprises a mixture of one or more of pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder, silicon ash and steel slag powder and quaternary ammonium salt. According to the invention, silicate mineral admixture is introduced, calcium silicate colloid is hydrated to be doped in the presence of the mineral admixture, and K+ and Na+ ions in the system are fixed in a colloid structure, so that the aim of reducing the alkalinity of the system is fulfilled, and the phenomenon of whiskering of pervious concrete is partially solved.
Preferably, the water is used in an amount of 0.25 to 0.35% by weight of the Portland cement; the additive is 1% -3% of the weight of the Portland cement; the mineral admixture accounts for 20-25% of the weight of the Portland cement; the aggregate is 4.5-6.0 of the weight of the silicate cement; the quaternary ammonium salt accounts for 0.1 to 2.0 percent of the weight of the mineral admixture.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt is polyoxyethylene alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and the polyoxyethylene quaternary ammonium salt is cetyl polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl octyl ammonium chloride, stearyl polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium bromide or cetyl polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and the like. The quaternary ammonium salt is added in the mineral admixture, so that the problem of the whiskering of the pervious concrete is effectively solved, and the whiskering problem can be completely solved especially for pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder and silica fume. Compared with the prior art, the mineral admixture and quaternary ammonium salt system does not need to add the salt-forming inhibitor with complex components, and has lower cost.
Preferably, the aggregate is recycled natural sand, rock particles with the diameter of less than 5mm, river sand, sea sand or mountain sand; further preferably, the natural sand consists of mountain sand with the particle size of 3-5mm and river sand with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 mm; mountain sand is taken as coarse aggregate, river sand is taken as fine aggregate; river sand with smaller grain size is used as aggregate to fill the pores of aggregate with large grain size, so that the internal structure among aggregates is improved, the concrete is more compact, and the mechanical property of the pervious concrete is improved.
Preferably, the aggregate is impregnated with an aqueous solution of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. The mechanical property of the pervious concrete can be improved after the aggregate is impregnated by the calcium polyacrylate and the sodium polystyrene sulfonate, but the water permeability coefficient of the pervious concrete obtained after the aggregate is impregnated by the calcium polyacrylate is greatly reduced. After being immersed by sodium polystyrene sulfonate, the mechanical property is improved, and the water permeability coefficient grade reaches K3-K4, so that the sodium polystyrene sulfonate is immersed by aqueous solution of sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
Preferably, the additive comprises any one or more of a water reducing agent, a gas-entraining water reducing agent, a pumping agent, an early strength agent, a retarder and a gas-entraining agent; further preferred are water reducing agents; the water reducer is at least one of lignin sulfonate sodium salt water reducer, naphthalene-series high-efficiency water reducer, aliphatic high-efficiency water reducer or polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer; the water reducer is further preferably an FDN-C high-efficiency water reducer.
Preferably, the flood-resistant pervious concrete comprises Portland cement, quaternary ammonium salt doped mineral admixture, aggregate, additive and water; the mineral admixture doped with quaternary ammonium salt is pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder or a mixture of silicon ash and quaternary ammonium salt; the aggregate consists of mountain sand with the grain diameter of 3-5mm and river sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0mm, and the mountain sand is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: river sand = 4-5:1.
Preferably, the flood-resistant pervious concrete comprises Portland cement, quaternary ammonium salt doped mineral admixture, aggregate, additive and water; the mineral admixture doped with quaternary ammonium salt is a mixture of any one of pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder or silica fume and quaternary ammonium salt; the aggregate consists of mountain sand with the grain diameter of 3-5mm and river sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0mm, wherein the weight ratio of the mountain sand to the river sand is 5:1, and the aggregate is impregnated with 3 percent by weight of aqueous solution of sodium polystyrene sulfonate for 1-2 hours; granulating blast furnace slag powder: stearyl polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium bromide=100:1 (weight ratio).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the mineral admixture is adopted to replace part of cement, so that part of cost is reduced;
(2) The invention adopts the mineral admixture and polyoxyethylene alkyl quaternary ammonium salt to compound, and solves the problem of whiskering of the pervious concrete
(3) According to the invention, by modifying the aggregate, high water permeability is realized on the premise of improving the mechanical property of the pervious concrete, and the water permeability coefficient grade is between K3 and K4;
(4) The method improves the anti-whiskering performance of the pervious concrete and the appearance of the pervious pavement through project research and development, promotes the construction of sponge cities and the competitive advantages of the company in the aspects of new pervious concrete products and new technology, and cultivates new economic growth points of ready-mixed concrete.
Detailed Description
Portland cement P.O42.5 is used as a cementing material, and the water reducer is an FDN-C high-efficiency water reducer (Shandong Wan mountain group chemical Co., ltd); polyoxyethylene alkyl quaternary ammonium salts are available from Zhengzhou chemical Co., ltd. The mineral admixture in the examples should meet the requirements of JC/T2558-2020 in pervious concrete.
Calcium polyacrylate references prior art "new construction materials", study of the performance of calcium polyacrylate pretreated diabase aggregate pervious concrete, 2022: 40-44'. The polystyrene sodium sulfonate is from the Bobo Co., ltd, and has an average molecular weight of 10-11 ten thousand. The rest are all conventional raw materials sold in the market without special standard control.
Example 1: mineral admixture screening
In view of the fact that the mineral admixture can theoretically reduce the alkalinity of a system, the problem of the efflorescence of the pervious concrete is solved, and the types of the mineral admixture are screened in the early stage of development.
The design porosity of the pervious concrete is 15%, and the following weight proportion is adopted: m (Portland cement P.O42.5) to m (mountain sand with the grain size of 3-5 mm) to m (water) to m (mineral admixture): m (FDN-C superplasticizer) =50kg: 150Kg:15Kg:10Kg:0.5kg. Stirring and mixing by a stirrer, pouring into a grinding tool, vibrating and leveling by a flat vibrator, standing for 24 hours, and placing the anti-whiskering permeable concrete molding test piece into a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95% for curing for 28 days to obtain the anti-whiskering permeable concrete of the embodiment. 100mm×100mm anti-whiskering water-permeable concrete slabs were prepared, the water permeability coefficient, compressive strength were tested according to JC/T2558-2020, whiskering was observed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 detection results of pervious concrete prepared from blends of different minerals
Note that: N/A means that mineral admixture is not added, and cement with the same weight is adopted for replacement; the quaternary ammonium salt is cetyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl octyl ammonium chloride, and the dosage is 1 weight percent of the mineral admixture.
The experimental results show that:
(1) The mineral admixture is introduced to partially solve the problem of the efflorescence of the pervious concrete, the steel slag powder has no obvious effect on inhibiting the efflorescence, and only the pulverized coal ash, the granulated blast furnace slag powder and the silica fume can have partial inhibition effect on the efflorescence; in addition, the compressive strength of the concrete is reduced by introducing the mineral admixture, and the water permeability coefficient is basically unchanged.
(2) The introduction of quaternary ammonium salt can effectively solve the problem of whiskering, but the system doped with steel slag powder can not completely solve the problem of whiskering; meanwhile, the strength of the concrete has a certain descending trend compared with a system without adding mineral admixture, and the water permeability coefficient is basically maintained unchanged.
Example 2
On the basis of solving the problem of alkali efflorescence, in order to improve the strength of concrete, the applicant tries to carry out the impregnation method on aggregate to improve the strength of the concrete by using an organic matter impregnation method, and the method is as follows:
the water permeable concrete is prepared by immersing the mountain sand with the grain diameter of 3-5mm in the aqueous solution of 5-10wt% of calcium polyacrylate or 2-3wt% of sodium polystyrene sulfonate for 1-2h, filtering and then preparing the water permeable concrete according to the component proportion of the sequence 8 in the embodiment 1, and the performance is detected, and the result is shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 detection results of pervious concrete prepared by modification of different aggregates
Note that: N/A means that the bone stock was not modified. The a refers to that aggregate in the system is mountain sand with the diameter of 3-5mm and river sand with the diameter of 0.5-1.0mm, wherein the weight ratio of the mountain sand to the river sand is 4-5:1.
Example 3
The design porosity of the pervious concrete is 15%, 3% wt% of aqueous solution of polystyrene sodium sulfonate is used for impregnating aggregate (3-5 mm mountain sand and river sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0mm, wherein the weight ratio of the mountain sand to the river sand is 5:1) for 1-2 hours, and then the aggregate is filtered for standby; granulating blast furnace slag powder: and uniformly mixing the stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium bromide with the weight ratio of (100:1).
The ingredients are prepared according to the following weight proportion: m (Portland cement P.O42.5) to m (mountain sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0mm and river sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-5 mm), wherein the weight ratio of the mountain sand to the river sand is 5:1) to m (water) to m (granulated blast furnace slag powder: stearyl polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl tetradecyl ammonium bromide=100:1): m (FDN-C superplasticizer) =50kg: 150Kg:15Kg:10Kg:0.5kg. Stirring and mixing by a stirrer, pouring into a grinding tool, vibrating and leveling by a flat vibrator, standing for 24 hours, and placing the anti-whiskering permeable concrete molding test piece into a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95% for curing for 28 days to obtain the anti-whiskering permeable concrete of the embodiment. The anti-whiskering water-permeable concrete slab with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 100mm is prepared, the compressive strength of 28d is tested to be 37.2MPa, the water permeability coefficient of 28d reaches 4.12mm/s, and whiskering phenomenon is avoided.
The foregoing examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the foregoing examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made therein and are intended to be equivalent substitutes within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A water permeable concrete resistant to ubiquity and alkalization comprises Portland cement, a quaternary ammonium salt doped mineral admixture, aggregate, an additive and water; the quaternary ammonium salt doped mineral admixture comprises a mixture of any one of pulverized coal ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder and silica fume and quaternary ammonium salt;
the water is used in an amount of 0.25 to 0.35 weight percent based on the weight of the Portland cement; the additive is 1% -3% of the weight of the Portland cement; the mineral admixture accounts for 20-25% of the weight of the Portland cement; the aggregate is 4.5-6.0 of the weight of the silicate cement; the quaternary ammonium salt accounts for 0.1 to 2.0 percent of the weight of the mineral admixture;
the quaternary ammonium salt is cetyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether dimethyl octyl ammonium chloride;
the aggregate consists of mountain sand with the grain diameter of 3-5mm and river sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-1.0 mm; mountain sand in weight ratio: river sand = 4-5:1;
the aggregate is immersed by aqueous solution of sodium polystyrene sulfonate;
the additive comprises any one or more of a water reducing agent, an air entraining water reducing agent, a pumping agent, an early strength agent, a retarder and an air entraining agent.
2. The flood-resistant, water-permeable concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the additive is at least one of lignin sulfonate sodium salt water reducer, naphthalene-series high-efficiency water reducer, aliphatic high-efficiency water reducer or polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer.
3. The flood-resistant, water-permeable concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: the additive is FDN-C high-efficiency water reducer.
4. A method of preparing the pervious concrete of claim 1: the design porosity of the pervious concrete is 15%, the pervious concrete is stirred and mixed by a stirrer after being mixed, the mixture is poured into a grinding tool, the mixture is vibrated and leveled by a flat vibrator, and after standing, the anti-whiskering pervious concrete molding test piece is placed into a standard curing room with the temperature of 20+/-2 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95% for curing for 28 days, so that the anti-whiskering pervious concrete is obtained.
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