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CN115478920A - Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle - Google Patents

Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115478920A
CN115478920A CN202010558023.XA CN202010558023A CN115478920A CN 115478920 A CN115478920 A CN 115478920A CN 202010558023 A CN202010558023 A CN 202010558023A CN 115478920 A CN115478920 A CN 115478920A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
working medium
kilogram
kilogram working
endothermic
depressurization
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李鸿瑞
李华玉
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/44—Use of steam for feed-water heating and another purpose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F01K25/065—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, belonging to the technical field of thermodynamics, refrigeration and heat pumps. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, seven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and condensation process 56,M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.

Description

Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of thermodynamics, refrigeration and heat pumps.
Background art:
cold demand, heat demand and power demand, which are common in human life and production; the conversion of mechanical energy into heat energy is an important way to realize refrigeration and efficient heating. In general, the temperature of the cooling medium changes during cooling, and the temperature of the medium to be heated also changes during heating; when the mechanical energy is used for heating, the heated medium has the dual characteristics of temperature changing and high temperature at the same time in many times, so that the performance index is unreasonable when refrigeration or heating is realized by adopting a single thermodynamic cycle theory; these have the problems of unreasonable performance index, low heating parameters, high compression ratio and too high working pressure.
From the basic theory, there have long been significant deficiencies: (1) The vapor compression refrigeration or heat pump cycle based on the reverse Rankine cycle is adopted, the heat release mainly depends on the condensation process, and the temperature difference loss between the working medium and the heated medium is large during the heat release; meanwhile, the condensate is large in loss or high in utilization cost in the pressure reduction process; when the supercritical working condition is adopted, the compression ratio is higher, so that the manufacturing cost of the compressor is high, the safety is reduced, and the like. (2) The gas compression type refrigeration or heat pump cycle based on the reverse Brayton cycle is adopted, and the compression ratio is required to be lower, so that the improvement of heat supply parameters is limited; meanwhile, the low-temperature process is temperature-changing, so that the low-temperature link usually has larger temperature difference loss during refrigeration or heating, and the performance index is not ideal.
In a basic theoretical system of thermal science, the establishment, development and application of thermodynamic cycle play an important role in the leap of energy utilization, and social progress and productivity development are actively promoted; the reverse thermodynamic cycle is the theoretical basis of a mechanical energy refrigeration or heating utilization device and is also the core of a related energy utilization system. Aiming at the problems existing for a long time, the invention aims to provide basic theoretical support for the simplicity, the initiative and the high efficiency of a refrigeration or heat pump device from the principle of simply, actively and efficiently utilizing mechanical energy for refrigeration or heating, and provides a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention mainly aims to provide a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, and the specific contents of the invention are explained in terms of the following:
1. a reverse single-working-medium steam combined cycle isFinger is composed of M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, seven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Decompression process 52,M with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and condensation process 56,M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium decompression process 61-the closed process of composition.
2. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Eight processes-M-carried out separately or together with one kilogram of working medium 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 46,M of kilogram working medium pressure rise process 1 Kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 67,M 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
3. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Eight processes-M-carried out separately or together with one kilogram of working medium 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression process with kilogram working medium 62,M 1 47,M working medium kilogram heat release condensation process 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
4. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression process with kilogram working medium 62,M 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 37, M 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
5. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Kilogram formed working medium, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 36, M kilogram working medium heat absorption process 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 67,M 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
6. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Ten processes carried out individually or jointly or partially-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium heat release process 56, a working medium pressure rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release process of kilogram working medium 67,M 2 72, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
7. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Pressure reduction process of 5a, M by kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and condensation process 56,M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.
8. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, meaning from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Ten processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Decompression process of working medium kilogram 5a, M 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 46,M step-up process of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 67,M 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
9. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Ten processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Depressurization process 6a, M of kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 47,M working medium kilogram heat release condensation process 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
10. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression process 6a, M of kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 Step-up process with kilogram working medium 37,M 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
11. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Pressure reduction process of 5a, M by kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 36, M kilogram working medium heat absorption process 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 67,M 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
12. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together or in part-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium heat release process 56, a working medium pressure rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release process of kilogram working medium 67,M 2 Depressurization process of 7a, M with kilogram of working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
13. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium literPressing Process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat release process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working substances of kg 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kg working medium exothermic condensation process 5r, M kg working medium depressurization process rs, M kg working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r6, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.
14. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working substances of kg 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure rise 46, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 6r, M kilogram working medium decompression process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r7, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process formed.
15. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 56, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of 6t, M) kg of working medium 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 4r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r7, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
16. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Tool composed of kilogramsThree, thirteen processes-M-carried out separately or together 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 56, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of 6t, M) kg of working medium 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium boost process 37, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
17. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Thirteen processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting process 34, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working medium kg at 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium endothermic process 36, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure rise 67, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
18. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, fourteen processes carried out separately or together or partially-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram of working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium exothermic process 56, X kilogram working medium boost process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium exothermic process 67, (M) 2 -M) kg of toolsProcess for lowering blood pressure 7t, M 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of the 1 st principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a 2 nd schematic flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a 3 rd principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of the 4 th principle flow of the reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram of the 5 th principle flow of the reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram of a 6 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an exemplary 7 th principle flow diagram of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram of an 8 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram of a 9 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an exemplary diagram of a 10 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an exemplary diagram of the 11 th principle flow of the reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is an exemplary diagram of a 12 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary 13 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an example of a 14 th principle flow of a reverse working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is an exemplary diagram of a 15 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary flow diagram of the 16 th principle of a reverse single-working-medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary 17 th principle flow of a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
FIG. 18 is an exemplary diagram of the 18 th principle flow of the reverse single working medium steam combined cycle according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
it should be noted that, in terms of flow expression, the flow is not repeated if necessary, and an obvious flow is not expressed; the invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 1 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure-rising and temperature-rising process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process 52,M with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and temperature reduction of kilogram working medium, liquefaction and condensate heat release and temperature reduction processes 56 1 And (4) a step of reducing the pressure of kilogram of working medium condensate liquid by 61 processes.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process-in general, (M) 1 +M 2 ) The heat release of 45 processes is carried out for the heated medium per kilogram of working medium, or the heat release is simultaneously used for the heated medium and the heat requirement (heat return) of 23 processes; m 1 56 process heat release by kilogram working mediumMainly for (M) 1 +M 2 ) One kilogram of working medium fulfills 23 process heat requirements or is simultaneously used for the heated medium and (M) 1 +M 2 ) And the heat requirement of the process is finished by 23 kilograms of working media.
(2) Endothermic processes-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) And the kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23 kg, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the low-temperature heat load is acquired and part of the low-temperature heat load is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the low-temperature heat load is satisfied by regenerative heating.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) The process of 34 kilograms of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The 52-kilogram working medium process is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The process of 61 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 2 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34, M step-up and temperature-rising process of kilogram working medium 2 45, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process 52,M with kilogram working medium 1 46, M in the process of boosting and heating kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and temperature reduction of kilogram working medium, liquefaction and condensate heat release and temperature reduction processes 67,M 1 And (5) a step-down process 71 of kilogram working medium condensate liquid, namely 8 processes.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process-in general, M 2 Heat release in 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The heat release of 67 processes is carried out per kilogram of working medium, the high-temperature part being generally used for the heated medium and the low-temperature part being generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) The heat requirement of the process of 23 kg is carried out.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the kilogram working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the kilogram working medium is met by regenerative heating, or all of the kilogram working medium is met by regenerative heating.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and M 1 46 kilograms of working media are generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is needed; m 2 The 52-kilogram working medium process is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The depressurization 71 of kg of working medium can be accomplished by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 3 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34, M step-up and temperature-rising process of kilogram working medium 2 45, M working medium kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 2 56, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process 62, M with kilogram working medium 1 47, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling, liquefaction and condensate heat release cooling processes 1 And (5) a step-down process 71 of kilogram working medium condensate liquid, namely 8 processes.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process-in general, M 2 56 process heat release per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 47 kilograms of working medium is used for releasing heat, the high-temperature part is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) The heat requirement of the process of 23 kg is carried out.
(2) Endothermic processes-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the kilogram working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the kilogram working medium is met by regenerative heating, or all of the kilogram working medium is met by regenerative heating.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and M 2 The 45 kg of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The process of 62 kilograms of working medium is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The decompression 71 of the kilogram of working medium can be carried out by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 4 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat and heats up 23,M 2 34, M kilogram working medium absorbs heat and heats up 2 45, M working medium kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 2 56, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process with kilogram working medium 62,M 1 Step-up and temperature-up process 37,M of kilogram working medium 1 78, M is the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-9 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process-in general, M 2 56 process heat release per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The heat release of 78 processes is carried out per kilogram of working medium, the high-temperature part being generally used for the heated medium and the low-temperature part being generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Working with 23 kg of working medium and M 2 The heat requirement of the 34 process is carried out per kilogram of working fluid.
(2) Absorbing heatProcess-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m 2 The heat requirement of 34 kg of working medium in the process can be met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process-M 1 37 processes and M are carried out per kilogram of working medium 2 The 45 kg of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The process of 62 kilograms of working medium is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The depressurization 81 of kg of working medium can be effected by a turbine or a throttle; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 5 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium carries out-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat and heats up 23,M 2 34, M step-up and temperature-rising process of kilogram working medium 2 45, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process 52, M with kilogram working medium 1 36, M in the kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 1 67, M step-up and temperature-rise process of kilogram working medium 1 78, M is the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-9 processes in total.
(2) From the aspect of energy conversion:
(1) exothermic process-M 2 Heat release in 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The heat release of 78 processes is carried out per kilogram of working medium, the high-temperature part being generally used for the heated medium and the low-temperature part being generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Working with 23 kg of working medium and M 1 The heat requirement of the 36 process is carried out per kilogram of working fluid.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m 1 The heat requirement of 36 kg of working medium for the process can be met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process-M 1 67 processes and M in kg of working medium 2 The process of 34 kilograms of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The 52-kilogram working medium process is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The depressurization 81 of kg of working medium can be effected by a turbine or a throttle; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 6 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium carries out-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic heating process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) step-up and temperature-rise process 45 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium kilogram heat release and temperature reduction process 56, a working medium X kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release and temperature reduction process 67,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression expansion process 72, M with kilogram working medium 1 78, M is the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-10 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 1 +M 2 X) Heat Release of 56 Processes with kg of working Medium, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 67 process exotherms per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The kilogram working medium carries out 78 processes of heat release, the high-temperature part is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Process 23 and (M) in kg of working medium 1 +M 2 X) kg of working medium the heat requirement of the 34 process.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for obtaining low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for obtaining the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is heated back; (M) 1 +M 2 X) kg of working medium is subjected to 34 process endotherms, which can be used to extract the low temperature heat load, or partly to extract the low temperature heat load and partly to be satisfied by recuperation, or entirely to be satisfied by recuperation.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 -X) 45 processes per kilogram of working medium and 36 processes per kilogram of working medium, generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; m 2 72 kg of working medium are processed by an expansion machine and provide mechanical energy, M 1 The process of 81 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of pressure reduction and expansion is less than the work consumption of pressure increase, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 7 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure-rising and temperature-rising process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process of working medium of kilogram 5a, M 2 Kilogram working medium heat absorption and temperature rise ab, M 2 Decompression expansion process of working medium kg b2, M 1 The heat release and temperature reduction of kilogram working medium, liquefaction and condensate heat release and temperature reduction processes 56 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate decompression process 61-9 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process-in general, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release in 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 56 process heat release is carried out by kilogram working medium, the high-temperature part is used for heated medium, and the low-temperature part is used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes and M on kilogram working media 2 The heat requirement (recuperation) of the ab process is carried out with kilograms of working medium.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and the heat absorption can be met by heat regeneration or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) The 34 kilogram working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The process of 5a and b2 is completed by an expander and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The process of 61 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 8 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34, M step-up and temperature-rising process of kilogram working medium 2 45, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process of working medium of kilogram 5a, M 2 Kilogram working medium heat absorption and temperature rise ab, M 2 Decompression expansion process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 46, M in the process of boosting and heating kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium dischargeThermal cooling, liquefaction and condensate exotherm cooling process 67,M 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 71-10 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic process-M 2 Heat release in 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The heat release of 67 processes is carried out by kilogram working medium, the high-temperature part is generally used for heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for M 2 Ab Process with kilogram working substance and (M) 1 +M 2 ) The heat requirement of the process of 23 kg is carried out.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram of working media absorbs heat in the process of 23, and the heat absorption can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the heat absorption is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the heat absorption is met by regenerative heating, or all of the heat absorption is met by regenerative heating; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and the heat absorption can be met by heat regeneration or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and M 1 The 46 kg working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is needed; m is a group of 2 The process of 5a and b2 is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The decompression 71 of the kilogram of working medium can be carried out by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of pressure reduction and expansion is less than the work consumption of pressure increase, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 9 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34, M working medium kilogram pressure and temperature rise processes 2 45, M working medium kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 2 56, M working medium kilogram heat release and temperature reduction processes 2 Kilogram (kilogram)Working medium decompression expansion process 6a, M 2 Ab, M heat absorption and temperature rise of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression expansion process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 47, M working medium heat release temperature reduction, liquefaction and condensate heat release temperature reduction processes 1 71-10 processes in the kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process.
(2) From the aspect of energy conversion:
(1) exothermic Process-M 2 56 process heat release per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 47 kg working medium is used for heat release, the high-temperature part is generally used for heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for M 2 Ab Process with kilogram working substance and (M) 1 +M 2 ) The heat requirement of the process of 23 kg is carried out.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and the heat absorption can be met by heat regeneration or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and M 2 The 45 kg of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is needed; m 2 The 6a and b2 processes are completed by an expander and provide mechanical energy, M 1 The decompression 71 of the kilogram of working medium can be carried out by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 10 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium carries out-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat and heats up 23,M 2 Kilogram working medium absorbs heatTemperature raising process 34, M 2 45, M working medium kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 2 56, M working medium kilogram heat release cooling process 2 Decompression expansion process 6a, M with kilogram working medium 2 Kilogram working medium heat absorption and temperature rise ab, M 2 Decompression expansion process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 Step-up and temperature-up process 37,M of kilogram working medium 1 78, M in the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-11 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic process-M 2 56 process heat release per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The kilogram working medium carries out 78 processes of heat release, the high-temperature part is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes and M in kg of working medium 2 And the heat requirement of 34 and ab processes is carried out by kilogram working media.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m is a group of 2 The heat requirement of 34 kilograms of working media in the process can be met by heat regeneration; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and is generally satisfied by heat return or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process-M 1 37 processes and M are carried out per kilogram of working medium 2 The 45 kg of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The process of 6a and b2 is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The decompression 81 of the kilogram of working medium can be performed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram shown in fig. 11 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat and heats up 23,M 2 34, M step-up and temperature-rising process of kilogram working medium 2 45, M in the kilogram working medium heat release and temperature reduction process 2 Decompression expansion process of working medium kilogram 5a, M 2 Kilogram working medium heat absorption and temperature rise ab, M 2 Decompression expansion process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 36, M in the kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 1 67, M step-up and temperature-rise process of kilogram working medium 1 78, M is the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-11 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic process-M 2 Heat release in 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The kilogram working medium carries out 78 processes of heat release, the high-temperature part is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes and M by kilogram working medium 1 36 processes and M in kg of working medium 2 The heat requirement for the ab process is carried out in kilograms of working fluid.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m 1 The heat requirement of 36 kg of working medium in the process can be met by heat regeneration; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and is generally satisfied by heat return or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process-M 1 67 processes and M with kg of working medium 2 The process of 34 kilograms of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; m 2 The process of 5a and b2 is completed by an expander and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The decompression process 81 of kilogram working medium can be implemented by vortexTurbine or throttle valves; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 12 is performed as follows:
(1) From the circulation process:
working medium carries out-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic heating process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) step-up and temperature-rise process 45 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium kilogram heat release and temperature reduction process 56, a working medium X kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release and temperature reduction process 67,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression expansion process 7a, M with kilogram working medium 2 Kilogram working medium heat absorption and temperature rise ab, M 2 Decompression expansion process of working medium kg b2, M 1 78, M is the process of cooling by releasing heat of kilogram working medium, liquefying and cooling by releasing heat of condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-12 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 1 +M 2 X) Heat release for 56 Processes with kg of working fluid, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 67 process exotherms per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The kilogram working medium carries out 78 processes of heat release, the high-temperature part is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes (M) by kg of working medium 1 +M 2 X) carrying out 34 processes per kilogram of working medium and M 2 Kilogram of working fluid carries out the heat demand of ab process.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; (M) 1 +M 2 X) one kilogram of working medium undergoes 34 processes of heat absorption, which can be used for obtaining low-temperature heat load, or can be partially used for obtaining low-temperature heat load and partially satisfied by regenerative heating, or can be entirely satisfied by regenerative heating; m 2 The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the ab process, and the heat absorption can be met by heat regeneration or an external heat source.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 -X) 45 processes per kilogram of working fluid and 36 processes per kilogram of working fluid, generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; m 2 The process of 7a and b2 is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, M 1 The process of 81 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 13 is performed as follows:
(1) From the circulation process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure-rising and temperature-rising process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat release cooling process 45, (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process with kg working medium at 5t 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) kg of working medium, a process of cooling by heat release, liquefaction and condensation heat release 5r, a process of reducing pressure rs for M kg of working medium, and a process of heat absorption, vaporization and overheating st and M for M kg of working medium 1 R6, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 And (3) a step of reducing the pressure of kilogram working medium condensate liquid by 61 processes, wherein the total number of the processes is 11.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release in 45 processes is carried out by kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) exothermic reaction of 5r process with kg working medium, and M 1 Kilogram working medium condensate is subjected to r6 process heat release, the high-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) And (5) carrying out 23 kg of working medium and carrying out st process by M kg of working medium.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process, and generally the requirement is met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) The process of 34 kilograms of working medium is generally completed by a compressor, and mechanical energy is required; (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 5t and M with kilogram working medium 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by the expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The process of 61 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 14 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic heating process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rising process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium exothermic cooling process 45, (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process with kg working medium at 5t 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rise process 46, (M) 1 + M) kg working medium heat release cooling, liquefaction and condensate heat release cooling process 6r, M kg working medium pressure reduction process rs, M kg working medium heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process st, M 1 R7, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 71 kg working medium condensate decompression processes, namely 12 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 2 M) exothermic heat of 45 processes per kilogram of working medium, and (M) 1 + M) kg of working medium for 6r heat release, the high temperature part being generally used for the heated medium and the low temperature part being generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes on kilograms of working media and carrying out the heat requirement of the st process on M kilograms of working media; m 1 The heat release of r7 process is carried out by kilogram of working medium condensate, and the method is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) And (4) heating the low-temperature section in the process of 23 kilograms of working medium.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process, and generally the requirement is met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and (M) 1 + M) kg of working medium is generally finished by a compressor, and mechanical energy is needed; (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 5t and M with kilogram working medium 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by the expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The depressurization 71 of kg of working medium can be accomplished by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 15 is performed as follows:
(1) From the circulation process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure-rising and temperature-rising process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rise process 45, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium exothermic cooling process 56, (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 6t, M) with kg working substance 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) kg of working medium, 4r for cooling, liquefying and condensing liquid, rs for reducing pressure of M kg of working medium, st, M for absorbing, vaporizing and overheating M kg of working medium 1 R7, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 71-12 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 2 M) Heat Release from 56 Processes with kg of working fluid, (M) 1 + M) 4r process heat release per kilogram of working medium, and M 1 The kilogram working medium condensate carries out the heat release of the r7 process, the high-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) And (5) carrying out 23 kg of working medium and carrying out st process by M kg of working medium.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process, and generally the requirement is met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 ) 34 kg of working medium and (M) 2 -M) 45 kg of working medium is generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 6t and M) kg working medium 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by the expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The decompression 71 of the kilogram of working medium can be carried out by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working fluid vapor combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 16 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram of working medium endothermic temperature rise process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rise process 45, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium exothermic cooling process 56, (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 6t, M) with kg working substance 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rise process 37, (M) 1 + M) cooling process by heat release of working medium (7 r), pressure reduction process (rs) by heat release of liquefied and condensed liquid (M kg), heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process (st, M) by working medium (M kg) 1 R8, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 And the pressure reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate is 81-13 processes.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 2 M) Heat Release from 56 Processes with kg of working fluid, (M) 1 + M) Heat release for 7r Process with kg working substance, and M 1 The kilogram working medium condensate carries out the heat release of the r8 process, the high-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes (M) by kg of working medium 2 -M) heat requirement for 34 process with M kg of working fluid and st process with M kg of working fluid.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; (M) 2 -M) the heat requirement for 34 processes per kilogram of working medium, generally satisfied by recuperation; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process, and generally the requirement is met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 + M) kg of working medium 37 passes and (M) 2 -M) 45 kg of working medium is generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; (M) 2 -M) kilogram industry6t and M of medium pressure reduction expansion process 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by the expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The decompression 81 of the kilogram of working medium can be performed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 17 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium process-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rise process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium exothermic cooling process 45, (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process with kg working medium at 5t 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 36, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure and temperature rising process 67, (M) 1 + M) cooling process by heat release of working medium (7 r), pressure reduction process (rs) by heat release of liquefied and condensed liquid (M kg), heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process (st, M) by working medium (M kg) 1 R8, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 And (4) a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-13 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 2 M) exothermic reaction of 45 process steps with kg of working fluid, (M) 1 + M) Heat release for 7r Process with kg working substance, and M 1 Kilogram working medium condensate is subjected to r8 process heat release, the high-temperature part of the process is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part of the process is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes (M) by kg of working medium 1 + M) kilograms working fluid for the 36 process and M kilograms working fluid for the st process.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) For 23 processes with kg of working mediumThe heat absorption can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the heat absorption can be used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the heat absorption can be met by regenerative heating, or all of the heat absorption can be met by regenerative heating; (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium carries on the heat demand of 36 processes, can be met by backheating; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process, and generally the requirement is met by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 + M) kg working medium 67 processes and (M) 2 -M) 34 kg of working medium is generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 5t and M with kilogram working medium 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by the expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The decompression 81 of the kilogram of working medium can be performed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of pressure reduction and expansion is less than the work consumption of pressure increase, and the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided by the outside to form a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle.
The reverse working medium steam combined cycle example in the T-s diagram of fig. 18 is performed as follows:
(1) From the cycle process:
working medium carries out-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption temperature rise process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic heating process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) step-up and temperature-rise process 45 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium kilogram heat release and temperature reduction process 56, a working medium X kilogram pressure rise and temperature rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat release and temperature reduction process 67 (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion Process 7t, M) with kilogram of working substance 2 Decompression expansion process t2 of kilogram working medium, (M) 1 + M) cooling process by heat release of working medium (7 r), pressure reduction process (rs) by heat release of liquefied and condensed liquid (M kg), heat absorption, vaporization and overheating process (st, M) by working medium (M kg) 1 R8, M in heat release and temperature reduction process of kilogram working medium condensate 1 And 4, a kilogram working medium condensate depressurization process 81-14 processes in total.
(2) From the energy conversion perspective:
(1) exothermic Process- (M) 1 +M 2 X) Heat release for 56 Processes with kg of working fluid, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 67 process heat release (M) per kilogram working medium 1 + M) Heat release for 7r Process with kg working substance, and M 1 The kilogram working medium condensate carries out the heat release of the r8 process, the high-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for a heated medium, and the low-temperature part of the condensate is generally used for (M) 1 +M 2 ) Carrying out 23 processes (M) by kg of working medium 1 +M 2 -X) heat requirement for 34 kg of working fluid to perform the process and M kg of working fluid to perform the st process.
(2) Endothermic process-in general, M 1 The kilogram working medium is subjected to 12 processes to obtain low-temperature heat load, and the low-temperature heat load is provided by a refrigerated medium or a low-temperature heat source; (M) 1 +M 2 ) The kilogram working medium absorbs heat in the process of 23, and can be used for acquiring low-temperature heat load, or part of the working medium is used for acquiring the low-temperature heat load and part of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating, or all of the working medium is satisfied by regenerative heating; (M) 1 +M 2 X) one kilogram of working medium undergoes 34 processes of heat absorption, which can be used for obtaining low-temperature heat load, or can be partially used for obtaining low-temperature heat load and partially satisfied by regenerative heating, or can be entirely satisfied by regenerative heating; m kilograms of working media absorb heat in the st process and can be satisfied by heat regeneration.
(3) Energy conversion Process- (M) 1 +M 2 -X) 45 processes per kilogram of working medium and 36 processes per kilogram of working medium, generally performed by a compressor, requiring mechanical energy; (M) 2 -M) decompression expansion process 7t and M with kilogram working medium 2 The kilogram working medium decompression expansion process t2 is completed by an expansion machine and provides mechanical energy, and M kilograms working medium carries out the rs process and M kilograms working medium 1 The process of 81 kilograms of working medium can be completed by a turbine or a throttle valve; the work of decompression expansion is less than the work of boosting, the insufficient part (circulation net work) is provided from outside, and a reverse single working medium steam combined cycle is formed.
The effect that the technology of the invention can realize-the reverse single working medium steam combined cycle provided by the invention has the following effects and advantages:
(1) And a basic theory of mechanical energy refrigeration and heating utilization (energy difference utilization) is created.
(2) The heat load in the phase change heat release process is eliminated or greatly reduced, the heat release load in a high-temperature section is relatively increased, and the rationalization of the reverse cycle performance index is realized.
(3) The parameter range of the working medium is greatly expanded, and high-efficiency high-temperature heat supply is realized.
(4) Providing a theoretical basis for reducing the working pressure and improving the safety of the device.
(5) The cyclic compression ratio is reduced, and convenience is provided for selection and manufacture of core equipment.
(6) The method is simple, reasonable in process and good in applicability, and is a common technology for realizing the effective utilization of energy difference.
(7) The single working medium is beneficial to production and storage; reduce the running cost and improve the flexibility of circulation regulation
(8) The process is shared, the process is reduced, and a theoretical basis is provided for reducing equipment investment.
(9) In the high temperature area or the variable temperature area, the temperature difference heat transfer loss of the heat release link is reduced, and the performance index is improved.
(10) And a low-pressure operation mode is adopted in a high-temperature heat supply area, so that the contradiction between the performance index, the circulating medium parameter and the pressure and temperature resistance of the pipe in the traditional refrigeration and heat pump device is relieved or solved.
(11) On the premise of realizing high performance index, low-pressure operation can be selected, and theoretical support is provided for improving the operation safety of the device.
(12) The working medium has wide application range, can well adapt to energy supply requirements, and is flexibly matched with working parameters.
(13) The thermodynamic cycle range of the mechanical energy for efficiently utilizing cold and heat is expanded, and the efficient utilization of the mechanical energy in the fields of refrigeration, high-temperature heat supply and variable-temperature heat supply is favorably realized.

Claims (18)

1. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Kilogram formed working medium, seven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and condensation process 56,M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.
2. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Eight processes-M-carried out separately or together with one kilogram of working medium 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 46,M step-up process of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 67,M 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
3. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Eight processes-M-carried out separately or together with one kilogram of working medium 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression process 62, M with kilogram working medium 1 47,M working medium kilogram heat release condensation process 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
4. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Decompression process with kilogram working medium 62,M 1 Step-up process with kilogram working medium 37,M 1 Kilogram workerExothermic condensation process 78, M 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
5. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Kilogram formed working medium, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat absorption process 23, M 2 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M kilogram working medium heat release process 2 52, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 36, M kilogram working medium heat absorption process 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 67, M 1 78, M condensation process by heat release of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium decompression process 81-the closed process of composition.
6. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Ten processes carried out individually or jointly or partially-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium heat release process 56, a working medium pressure rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release process of kilogram working medium 67,M 2 72, M step-down process with kilogram working medium 1 Condensation process 78, M of kilogram working medium heat release 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
7. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, meaning from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, nine processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) 45,M kilogram working medium heat release process 2 Pressure reduction process of 5a, M by kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 The heat release and condensation process 56,M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.
8. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Kilogram formed working medium, ten processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Pressure reduction process of 5a, M by kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 46,M step-up process of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 67,M 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
9. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, meaning from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Ten processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45, M kilogram working medium pressure rising process 2 Kilogram working medium heat release process 56, M 2 Decompression process 6a, M of kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 47,M working medium kilogram heat release condensation process 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
10. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, meaning from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23,M 2 Kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, M 2 Kilogram working mediumPressure boosting Process 45,M 2 Heat release process 56,M of kilogram working medium 2 Depressurization process 6a, M of kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 37, M 1 78, M condensation process by heat release of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
11. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23,M 2 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, M 2 45,M working medium kilogram heat release process 2 Pressure reduction process of 5a, M by kilogram working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process of b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 36, M kilogram working medium heat absorption process 1 Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 67,M 1 78, M condensation process by heat release of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
12. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together or in part-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure rise process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) a working medium heat release process 56, a working medium pressure rise process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Heat release process of kilogram working medium 67,M 2 Decompression process of 7a, M by kilogram of working medium 2 Ab, M of kilogram working medium heat absorption process 2 Decompression process of b2, M with kilogram working medium 1 78, M condensation process by heat release of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
13. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilogram, eleven processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium heat release process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working substances of kg 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 5r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r6, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (6) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 61-a closed process.
14. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure rise process 34, (M) 2 M) kilogram of working medium exothermic Process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working medium kg at 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure rise 46, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 6r, M kilogram working medium decompression process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r7, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
15. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, twelve processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium pressure increasing process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 56, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of kg of working medium6t，M 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 4r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r7, M of kilogram working medium 1 And (5) a kilogram working medium depressurization process 71-a closed process of composition.
16. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Thirteen processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 2 M) kilogram working medium exothermic Process 56, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of 6t, M) kg of working medium 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium boost process 37, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium decompression process 81-the closed process of composition.
17. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, is formed from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Thirteen processes carried out separately or together-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 2 -M) kilogram working medium pressure boosting process 34, (M) 2 M) kilogram of working medium exothermic Process 45, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of working substances of kg 5t 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium endotherm 36, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium pressure rise 67, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
18. Reverse single working medium steam combined cycle, meaning from M 1 Kilogram and M 2 Working medium composed of kilograms of composition, fourteen processes carried out separately or together or partially-M 1 Kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process 12, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium endothermic process 23, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium endothermic process 34, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium pressure boosting Process 45, (M) 1 +M 2 -X) kilogram working medium exothermic process 56, X kilogram working medium boost process 36, (M) 1 +M 2 ) Kilogram working medium exothermic process 67, (M) 2 -M) depressurization of 7t, M) kg of working medium 2 Kilogram working medium depressurization process t2, (M) 1 + M) kilogram working medium exothermic condensation process 7r, M kilogram working medium depressurization process rs, M kilogram working medium endothermic vaporization process st, M 1 Heat release process r8, M of kilogram working medium 1 Kilogram working medium depressurization process 81-the closed process of composition.
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