CN115443941B - Starfish and coral culture system - Google Patents
Starfish and coral culture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115443941B CN115443941B CN202211152073.3A CN202211152073A CN115443941B CN 115443941 B CN115443941 B CN 115443941B CN 202211152073 A CN202211152073 A CN 202211152073A CN 115443941 B CN115443941 B CN 115443941B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a starfish and coral culture system, which comprises: the device comprises a first sea water tank, a second sea water tank, a sea water storage barrel, a starfish culture frame, a water quality filtering and purifying system, a water suction pump, a pipeline and a valve; the starfish culture frame is arranged in the first sea water tank; the water quality filtering and purifying system and the water suction pump are both arranged in the second seawater tank, and the water outlet of the water suction pump is connected with the water outlet of the second seawater tank; the water outlet of the seawater storage barrel is connected with the first water inlet of the second seawater tank through a pipeline, the water outlet of the second seawater tank is connected with the water inlet of the first seawater tank through a pipeline, and the first valve is arranged in the pipeline and positioned in front of the water outlet of the seawater storage barrel. According to the scheme, the two seawater cylinders can form a seawater closed circulation flow system, and the seawater closed circulation flow system is based on the water quality filtering and purifying system so as to provide high-quality seawater quality for the cultivation of the long-thorn starfish, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the cultivation survival efficiency of the long-thorn starfish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine animal and plant cultivation, in particular to a starfish and coral cultivation system.
Background
In recent years, the global coral reef is rapidly degraded, more and more scholars begin to work on ecological restoration and cultivation of coral, and the coral has high ornamental value and economic value. Another major cause of abrupt degradation of coral reefs is the burst of echinocandins. The echinoids belong to echinoderm phylum, the class of starfish, and are widely distributed in india and pacific sea areas, and coral is mainly used as bait. The starfish with the long spiny food intake is a natural destructor with the biggest coral reef resource. In the south China sea, the outbreak of the echinopsis occurred for many times to cause the death of large-area corals.
In recent years, echinocandins have been the hotspot of echinoderm research, however the mechanism for the outbreak of echinocandin populations remains unclear. Because the long-thorn starfish population belongs to an explosive growth mode, a large number of larvae and young starfish which are easy to identify are not easy to obtain in nature, the long-thorn starfish must be bred, and the larvae and young starfish population for research can be obtained at any time.
In the breeding of the long-thorn starfish, the long-thorn starfish has harsh survival conditions, meanwhile, the feeding of the long-thorn starfish in China is limited to coral, and a perfect system is not available in China for the breeding of the long-thorn starfish, so that the survival rate of the long-thorn starfish is very low, and the outdoor cultivation is easily influenced by extreme weather.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a starfish and coral culture system, which can enable two seawater cylinders to form a seawater closed circulation flow system, is based on a water quality filtering and purifying system, so as to provide high-quality seawater quality for the culture of the starfish, and maintain the culture of the starfish in a good growth state, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the culture survival rate of the starfish and breaking through the artificial propagation technology of the starfish in China to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a starfish, coral farming system, comprising: the device comprises a first seawater tank, a second seawater tank, a seawater storage barrel, a starfish culture frame, a water quality filtering and purifying system, a water pump, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a first valve;
the starfish culture frame is arranged in the first sea water tank;
the water quality filtering and purifying system and the water suction pump are both arranged in the second seawater tank, and the water outlet of the water suction pump is connected with the water outlet of the second seawater tank;
the first pipeline is connected between the water outlet of the seawater storage barrel and the first water inlet of the second seawater cylinder, and the first valve is arranged on the first pipeline;
the second pipeline is connected between the water outlet of the second seawater cylinder and the water inlet of the first seawater cylinder;
the third pipeline is connected between the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder and the second water inlet of the second seawater cylinder.
Preferably, the first seawater tank is higher than the second seawater tank, and the water outlet and the water inlet of the first seawater tank are both positioned on the side wall of the first seawater tank and are distributed vertically;
the starfish and coral culture system further comprises: the drainage pipeline, the inverted L-shaped telescopic water sleeve, the second valve and the third valve;
the second valve is arranged on the third pipeline;
one end of the drainage pipeline is connected with the third pipeline, and the third valve is arranged on the drainage pipeline;
the inverted L-shaped telescopic sleeve is used for being detachably arranged at the inner end of the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder in a drainage state, and the vertical part of the inverted L-shaped telescopic sleeve is downwards distributed and can be vertically telescopic.
Preferably, the coral planting device also comprises a coral planting base;
the coral planting base is arranged in the first sea water tank and is positioned below the starfish culture frame; the starfish culture frame is a non-cover starfish culture frame, and the top of the starfish culture frame is higher than the liquid level of the first sea water tank.
Preferably, the coral planting base comprises a double-layer grid frame, and an upper layer grid frame and a lower layer grid frame of the double-layer grid frame are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the starfish culture frame is of a cuboid mesh structure without a cover.
Preferably, the starfish culture frame is made of transparent acrylic materials.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the liftable set up in the LED lamp at the top of first sea vat.
Preferably, the method further comprises: at least two wave generating pumps;
the two wave-making pumps are arranged in the first seawater tank and are respectively positioned above and below the coral planting base.
Preferably, two separators are also included;
the space in the second seawater tank is divided into a first compartment, a second compartment and a third compartment which can be communicated sequentially through two partition boards, and a second water inlet of the second seawater tank is positioned in the third compartment;
the water quality filtering and purifying system comprises: a filter cotton box, a protein separator and a titration device;
the filter cotton box is arranged in the third compartment; the protein separator is disposed within the second compartment; the titration device and the water suction pump are both arranged in the first compartment, and the titration device is used for adding seawater trace elements.
Preferably, the water quality filtration purification system further comprises:
and the salinity control device is used for maintaining the salinity of the seawater in the second seawater cylinder to be stable.
According to the technical scheme, the sea-star and coral culture system provided by the invention can enable two seawater cylinders to form a seawater closed circulation flow system, is based on the water quality filtering and purifying system, so that high-quality seawater quality is conveniently provided for the culture of the long-thorn sea-star, the culture of the long-thorn sea-star is maintained in a good growth state, the culture survival efficiency of the long-thorn sea-star is ensured, and the artificial propagation technology of the domestic long-thorn sea-star is broken through to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a starfish and coral culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first seawater tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a starfish cultivation frame provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second seawater tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water supply and drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is an LED lamp, 2 is a first sea water tank, 3 is a wave making pump, 4 is a third pipeline, 5 is a second sea water tank, 6 is a filter cotton box, 7 is a protein separator, 8 is a water suction pump, 9 is a titration device, 10 is a salinity control device, 11 is a partition board, 12 is a double-layer grid frame, 13 is an inverted L-shaped telescopic water sleeve, 14 is a sea water storage barrel, 15 is a starfish culture frame, 16 is a first pipeline, 17 is a second pipeline, 18 is a drainage pipeline, 19 is a first valve, 20 is a second valve, 21 is a third valve, and 22 is a one-way stop valve;
a is an upper water outlet, b is a middle water inlet, c is a lower water inlet, d is a pipe sleeve water outlet, e is a pipe sleeve water outlet, f is a sewage outlet, and g is a water outlet;
i is a first compartment, II is a second compartment, and III is a third compartment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The starfish and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, comprises: a first seawater tank 2, a second seawater tank 5, a seawater storage tank 14, a starfish culture frame 15, a water quality filtering and purifying system, a water suction pump 8, a first pipeline 16, a second pipeline 17, a third pipeline 4 and a first valve 19;
the starfish culture frame 15 is arranged in the first sea water tank 2;
the water quality filtering and purifying system and the water suction pump 8 are both arranged in the second seawater cylinder 5, and the water outlet of the water suction pump 8 is connected with the water outlet of the second seawater cylinder 5;
the first pipeline 16 is connected between the water outlet of the seawater storage tank 14 and the first water inlet of the second seawater cylinder 5, and the first valve 19 is arranged on the first pipeline 16;
the second pipeline 17 is connected between the water outlet of the second seawater cylinder 5 and the water inlet of the first seawater cylinder 2;
the third pipe 4 is connected between the water outlet of the first sea chest 2 and the second water inlet of the second sea chest 5.
When water needs to be added into the first seawater tank 2, the first valve 19 is opened to allow seawater in the seawater storage tank 14 to flow into the second seawater tank 5 (based on the effect of the height pressure difference), the water suction pump 8 is opened again to allow the seawater in the second seawater tank 5 to be injected into the first seawater tank 2, and when the seawater level in the first seawater tank 2 is higher than the water outlet, the seawater in the first seawater tank 2 flows back into the second seawater tank 5, and then the first valve 19 is closed again, so that the two seawater tanks are filled with water to form a closed circulation flow. That is, the initial process of the two seawater tanks is: the first valve 19 is opened, the seawater in the seawater storage bucket 14 is injected into the second seawater cylinder 5 by utilizing the water pressure difference, then the seawater is injected into the first seawater cylinder 2 by the water suction pump 8 until the first seawater cylinder 2 is filled with the seawater and then flows back into the second seawater cylinder 5 to form a closed circulation system, and then the first valve 19 is closed, so that the water adding of the two seawater cylinders can be completed. In addition, the scheme is convenient for providing high-quality seawater quality for the cultivation of the echinopsis grossedentata by the water quality filtering and purifying system, so that the cultivation of the echinopsis grossedentata is maintained in a good growth state, and the cultivation survival efficiency of the echinopsis grossedentata is ensured. That is, the first sea water tank 2 of this scheme is equivalent to the breed jar, and the second sea water tank 5 is equivalent to the quality of water regulation purification jar, through the cooperation of two jars, can help guaranteeing the breed survival efficiency of starfish.
According to the technical scheme, the sea-star and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable two seawater cylinders to form a seawater closed circulation flow system, is based on the water quality filtering and purifying system, so that high-quality seawater quality is conveniently provided for the culture of the sea-star, the culture of the sea-star is maintained in a good growth state, the culture survival efficiency of the sea-star is ensured, and the artificial propagation technology of the sea-star is broken through to a certain extent in China.
In this scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the first sea water tank 2 is higher than the second sea water tank 5, and the water outlet (such as the upper water outlet a in fig. 5) and the water inlet (such as the middle water inlet b in fig. 5) of the first sea water tank 2 are both located on the side wall and are distributed vertically, i.e. the water outlet of the first sea water tank 2 is higher than the water inlet thereof;
as shown in fig. 5, the starfish and coral culture system further includes: a drain pipe 18, an inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13, a second valve 20 and a third valve 21;
the second valve 20 is arranged on the third pipeline 4;
one end of the drainage pipeline 18 is connected with the third pipeline 4, and a third valve 21 is arranged on the drainage pipeline 18;
as shown in fig. 1, the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 is detachably mounted at the inner end of the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder 2 in a drainage state, and as shown in fig. 5, the vertical part of the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 is downward distributed and can be vertically telescopic. The inner diameter of the port of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner end of the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder 2, and the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 can be directly sleeved for installation.
When the present culture system needs to change water by improving water quality, the present culture system needs to be switched from a seawater closed-cycle state to a water discharge state. In order to realize the state switching, the water suction pump 8 is closed, the second valve 20 is closed, the third valve 21 is opened, the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 (horizontal part) is detachably arranged at the inner end of the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder 2, and the third pipeline 4 always keeps a state of being full of water, so that the seawater in the first seawater cylinder 2 can be discharged by means of the water discharge pipeline 18 through siphon action and the pressure of the height difference; wherein, in this process, the flexible length of the vertical portion of flexible water jacket pipe 13 of the type of accessible regulation falling L to the income water depth of control falling L type flexible water jacket pipe 13 at first sea water jar 2, thereby reach the effect of control first sea water jar 2 drainage body volume. Of course, after the water discharge is completed, the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe 13 is removed, the third valve 21 is closed, the first valve 19, the second valve 20 and the water pump 8 are opened again, and new seawater is refilled to continue the seawater closed cycle. Through this process, this scheme then can realize the drainage and the moisturizing to this farming systems to help guaranteeing the stability of aquaculture sea water.
Further, the starfish and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a coral planting base;
the coral planting base is arranged in the first sea vat 2 and is positioned below the starfish culture frame 15; the starfish cultivation frame 15 is a non-cover starfish cultivation frame, and the top of the starfish cultivation frame is higher than the liquid level of the first sea water tank 2. The top of the uncovered starfish culture frame is slightly higher than the upper liquid level of the first sea water tank 2, so that the long-thorn starfish cannot climb out of the water surface, the downstream of the long-thorn starfish is prevented from affecting the culture of coral, and the culture space of the long-thorn starfish and the coral is blocked. That is, the scheme is designed in such a way, under the condition that the long-thorn starfish and the coral are separated, the common cultivation of the long-thorn starfish and the coral can be realized, the maximum utilization of resources can be realized, and the seawater cylinder landscape can be beautified through the cultivation of the coral. Of course, when coral and long-thorn starfish are co-cultivated, besides coral is used as bait of the long-thorn starfish, shellfish and shrimps can be put into the starfish cultivation frame 15, and the long-thorn starfish can be eaten as well, so that the feeding of the long-thorn starfish is facilitated.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the coral planting base comprises a double-layer grid frame 12, and an upper layer grid frame and a lower layer grid frame of the double-layer grid frame 12 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that coral planted in each layer of grid frame is ensured to be uniformly irradiated. Wherein, the face of every layer of grid frame is the grating board, and the coarse surface is favorable to coral to adhere to, can plant the stone coral according to 10 cm's interval on upper grating board, can plant soft coral according to 10 cm's interval on lower grating board. That is, the coral and the soft coral are planted up and down mainly because the coral needs strong illumination and the soft coral needs weak illumination. Of course, the coral planting base can also be replaced by live stone landscaping.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the starfish culturing frame 15 has a rectangular parallelepiped mesh structure without a cover. That is, the starfish culture frame 15 of the present embodiment adopts a mesh structure, so that, on one hand, in order to ensure the activity of the living water body of the starfish, on the other hand, some excreta generated by the starfish can fall, so that the excreta can be used as a natural nutrient for coral growth, thereby facilitating rapid growth of coral.
Still further, the starfish culture frame 15 is made of transparent acrylic materials, so that illumination can penetrate the starfish culture frame 15 to irradiate on coral, and the normal illumination of the coral is ensured.
In this scheme, as shown in fig. 2, the starfish and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes:
the LED lamp 1 arranged at the top of the first sea water tank 2 can be lifted. That is, the illumination device is additionally arranged for the cultivation system, so that the indoor co-cultivation of starfish and coral is realized, and the outdoor cultivation is prevented from being easily influenced by extreme weather. The LED lamp 1 is a mixed light wavelength illumination mainly comprising blue light, the illumination intensity is controlled to be about 6000Lux, and the illumination is set up in a lifting manner, so that the illumination can simulate a gradual change mode of rising and falling of the sun, and the illumination time of 12 hours per day is maintained.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the starfish and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes: at least two wave-making pumps 3;
the two wave-making pumps 3 are arranged in the first seawater cylinder 2 and respectively positioned above and below the coral planting base, and are also positioned below the starfish culture frame 15, so that direct blowing of coral planted on the coral planting base is avoided. Wherein, two wave-making pumps 3 are both installed on the inner side wall of the first sea water tank 2. That is, the wave making pump 3 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to make the sea water in the first sea water tank 2 flow by being sprayed from one side wall of the first sea water tank 2 and in a divergent shape, thereby avoiding the formation of dead water areas by accumulation of impurities in the tank, simulating the action of ocean currents, increasing the oxygen content in the sea water, and preventing a large amount of miscellaneous algae from adhering and propagating in the tank.
In this scheme, as shown in fig. 4, the starfish and coral culture system provided by the embodiment of the invention further includes two partition boards 11;
the space in the second seawater tank 5 is divided by two partition boards 11 to form a first compartment I, a second compartment II and a third compartment III which can be communicated in sequence, and a second water inlet of the second seawater tank 5 is positioned in the third compartment III, namely, the second water inlet of the second seawater tank 5 is communicated with the third compartment III;
as shown in fig. 4, the water quality filtering and purifying system includes: a filter cotton box 6, a protein separator 7 and a titration device 9;
the filter cotton box 6 is arranged in the third compartment III; the protein separator 7 is arranged in the second compartment II; the titration device 9 and the water suction pump 8 are arranged in the first compartment I, and the titration device 9 is used for adding seawater trace elements.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4, two partition plates 11 are disposed in parallel in the second seawater tank 5, so that the space in the second seawater tank 5 is divided to form a first compartment i, a second compartment ii and a third compartment iii which can be communicated in sequence, wherein each partition plate 11 is provided with a hole, so as to facilitate the mutual communication of three compartments. Furthermore, as shown in fig. 4, the three compartments form a height difference from right to left in sequence, and the pumping action of the water pump 8 is added, so that a water flow from right to left is always formed in the second seawater tank 5, that is, so that the seawater passes through the cotton filter cartridge 6, the protein separator 7 and the titration device 9 in sequence.
When the seawater in the second seawater tank 5 flows into the third compartment III at the far right, a part of impurities can be filtered out through the filter cotton box 6, then the seawater can be secondarily decontaminated through the protein separator 7 when the seawater flows into the second compartment II in the middle, excessive organic matters in the seawater are removed, then the purified seawater can flow into the first compartment I at the far left, the titration device 9 (after manual regulation in the earlier stage) can automatically limit the trace elements consumed in the added seawater every day, the quality of the seawater is ensured, and finally the purified and regulated seawater is injected into the first seawater tank 2 through the water suction pump 8, so that the water quality required by the growth of starfish and coral in the first seawater tank 2 can be ensured.
That is, the cultivation system provided by the scheme not only can provide proper illumination for the long-thorn starfish and the coral, but also can provide high-quality seawater quality for the long-thorn starfish and the coral, and can ensure microelements and activities of cultivation seawater, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the coral and the long-thorn starfish at a good growth level, standardizing the cultivation conditions of the starfish and the coral to a certain extent, and being capable of ensuring that the cultivation conditions are maintained at a good growth state.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the water quality filtering and purifying system further comprises:
a salinity control device 10 for maintaining the second seawater tank 5 with stable seawater salinity so that the culture seawater salinity is maintained stable. That is, the water quality filtering and purifying system of the scheme is designed so that seawater flowing into the second seawater tank 5 is subjected to a series of purification and regulation such as impurity adsorption, excessive organic matter separation, trace element addition, salinity adjustment and the like from right to left, so that better seawater quality is provided for cultivation of the echinocandins and corals.
The present solution is further described below in connection with specific embodiments:
the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the starfish and coral co-cultivation system consists of an upper seawater cylinder (namely a first seawater cylinder), a lower seawater cylinder (namely a second seawater cylinder), a water storage barrel and a three-way pipe (water supply and drainage pipeline), and comprises a water supply and drainage system, a water quality filtering and purifying system and a timing lamplight and wave making system. A group of intelligent regulation LED lamps are erected at the top of the upper seawater tank, four wave-making pumps, a group of double-layer grid frames and four transparent acrylic starfish culture frames are arranged in the tank. The lower seawater tank is divided into three compartments from left to right, but the three compartments are communicated through the holes of the partition plate. The right-most compartment is provided with a filter cotton box, the middle compartment is provided with a protein separator, and the left-most compartment is provided with a water suction pump and a titration device. A set of three-way pipe device (comprising a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a drainage pipeline) is arranged at the back of the upper sea water tank, and is communicated with the interior of the upper sea water tank, and is communicated with the lower sea water tank and the sewage port.
The water supply and drainage system consists of a three-way pipe, a water suction pump, a switch valve, a one-way stop valve and a water storage barrel. The three-way pipe is provided with two water inlets and two water outlets, the upper water outlet a is positioned at a position 10cm below the top of the upper seawater tank, and when the seawater in the upper seawater tank exceeds the water inlet, the seawater flows to the lower seawater tank along the pipeline. The middle water inlet b is positioned at the position of 10cm above the bottom of the upper seawater cylinder and is used for being connected with a water suction pump in the lower seawater cylinder, so that the seawater in the lower seawater cylinder can be pumped into the upper seawater cylinder to form a closed cycle. The position on the middle water inlet b is also provided with a one-way stop valve, so that the seawater can only pass from bottom to top, and when the seawater passes downwards from the upper water outlet a, the seawater can not pass through the one-way stop valve and can only flow into the lower seawater tank from the other direction in a diversion way. The lower water inlet c is positioned in the rightmost compartment (namely the third compartment) of the lower seawater cylinder, when the seawater at the upper water outlet a flows down, the seawater flows into the lower seawater cylinder from the lower water inlet c, and a switch valve is also arranged in front of the lower water inlet c to control the outflow of the seawater (namely the second valve 20); the pipeline is also provided with another water outlet which is a sewage outlet leading to the outside of the system, a switch valve (namely a third valve 21) is also arranged in front of the water outlet, when water is required to be discharged, the valve is opened, water in the upper seawater cylinder is discharged into the sewage outlet, and the valve is closed at other times, so that the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body form a closed cycle. A water storage barrel (namely a seawater storage barrel) is arranged near the lower seawater tank, a base is needed at the bottom of the water storage barrel, the water storage barrel is about 50cm higher than the seawater level in the lower seawater tank basically, then a pipeline (namely a first pipeline) is arranged to be directly communicated with the rightmost compartment of the lower seawater tank, a switch valve (namely a first valve) is also arranged on the pipeline, when water is needed to be added into the upper seawater tank, the valve is opened, seawater in the water storage barrel is injected into the lower seawater tank under the action of a height pressure difference, a water suction pump is opened, the seawater in the lower seawater tank is injected into the upper seawater tank through a middle water inlet until the seawater level is higher than an upper water outlet, and the seawater flows out of the upper water outlet and flows into the lower seawater tank from a lower water inlet along a three-way pipe. Then the switch valve of the water storage barrel is turned off, and the water adding is completed. And a closed circulation flow is formed in the upper and lower seawater cylinders. When the water quality needs to be improved and half of the water body quantity in the upper seawater tank is replaced, the water suction pump and the wave making system are firstly closed, then the valve (namely the second valve) in front of the water inlet of the lower seawater tank is closed, the valve in the drainage pipeline is opened, and finally the 7-type telescopic water pipe sleeve (namely the inverted L-shaped telescopic water pipe sleeve) is detachably arranged at the inner end of the water outlet of the upper portion of the upper seawater tank. Then the 7-type telescopic water pipe sleeve is taken down, the sewage port valve is closed, the first valve, the second valve and the water suction pump are opened again, new seawater is refilled to form a closed cycle, and the water is supplemented to the culture system according to the method, so that the stability of the seawater is ensured.
The water quality filtering and purifying system consists of three compartments in the lower sea water tank, filtering cotton box, protein separator, titration unit and salinity controller. The three compartments form a height difference from right to left in sequence, and the pumping action of the water pump always forms a water flow from right to left in the lower seawater cylinder. When the water in the upper seawater tank flows into the rightmost compartment, a part of impurities can be filtered by the filter cotton box in the compartment, then the water enters the middle compartment, the protein separator can remove the impurities from the seawater for the second time, excessive organic matters in the seawater are removed, the purified seawater flows into the leftmost compartment, the titration device (after the manual regulation in the earlier stage) can automatically limit the trace elements consumed in the added seawater every day to ensure the quality of the seawater, the salinity control device is also arranged near the lower seawater tank, and is connected into the compartment at the left of the lower seawater tank by a water pipe to maintain the salinity stability for the salinity added fresh water in the tank at any time, and the salinity control device consists of a fresh water barrel, a water pipe, a valve, a floating ball and the like, and the action mechanism of the salinity control device is that: because the water in the sea water tank can be reduced due to evaporation, the salinity can be increased, the salinity control device can be contacted with a floating ball on the liquid surface of the lower sea water tank, once the liquid surface is lowered, the floating ball can be lowered, so that a valve for pulling the salinity control device is opened, fresh water can flow into the lower sea water tank, when the liquid surface returns to the previous water level, the floating ball is raised, so that the valve is driven to be closed, and the fresh water can not flow into the tank any more. The automatic operation ensures that the salinity in the seawater tank is stable, and finally the purified and adjusted seawater is injected into the seawater tank at the upper part through the water suction pump, so that the growth of starfish and coral in the seawater tank is ensured.
The timing lamplight and wave making system consists of a group of LED lamps erected at the top of the upper seawater cylinder and 4 wave making pumps (the number of the wave making pumps can be adjusted according to the actual size of the seawater cylinder) in the upper seawater cylinder. The LED lamp is light with mixed light wavelength mainly comprising blue light, the light intensity is controlled to be about 6000Lux, and meanwhile, the light can simulate a gradual change mode that the sun rises and falls, and the light time of 12 hours per day is maintained. Two wave-making pumps are arranged on the inner wall of the seawater cylinder and are positioned at the position of about 10cm on the grid frame, the other two wave-making pumps are arranged on the inner wall of the seawater cylinder and are arranged at the position of about 5cm below the grid frame from the bottom of the seawater cylinder, and the wave-making pumps are sprayed out from one side and are in a divergent shape, so that seawater in the seawater cylinder can flow, the accumulation of impurities in the cylinder is prevented from forming a dead water area, the effect of ocean current can be simulated, the oxygen content in the seawater is increased, and a large amount of miscellaneous algae can be prevented from adhering and propagating in the cylinder.
Four starfish culture frames are placed around the upper seawater tank, and as shown in FIG. 3, the culture frames are of a non-cover cuboid net-shaped structure (length, width and height: 0.5, 0.4, 0.3 m). The starfish culture frame is erected on the inner wall side of the upper seawater tank through two wall beams, and the top of the culture frame is slightly higher than the upper liquid level of seawater, so that the long-thorn starfish cannot climb out of the water surface. The starfish culture frame is made of transparent acrylic materials, so that illumination can penetrate the culture frame to irradiate coral. Because the life habit of the starfish with long spines, such as random climbing in a cultivation frame, sometimes the starfish with long spines is contracted into a corner and sometimes the starfish with long spines is attached to the wall of the cultivation frame, the light permeability influence is small, the net-shaped structure of the cultivation frame is used for guaranteeing the activity of the living water body of the starfish on one hand, and on the other hand, some excreta generated by the starfish can be used as natural food for coral growth, so that the rapid growth of the coral is facilitated. When coral is used as bait and coral and echinoid are raised together, shellfish and shrimps are put into the culture frame, and the echinoid can be eaten as well, so that the breeding of the echinoid is facilitated.
As the long-thorn starfish takes coral as bait and the coral is a national secondary protection species, the artificial culture of the long-thorn starfish is hardly involved in China at present, and the scheme fills the technical blank. The invention also provides an automatic maintenance mixed culture method for starfish and coral by using the system.
The method for culturing coral specifically comprises the following steps: the upper sea water tank and the lower sea water tank are fully filled with water to form a closed cycle according to the operation, mixed light wavelength intensity 6000Lux with blue light at the top as a main component is arranged, a gradual change mode of rising and falling of light simulation sun is maintained for 12 hours of light irradiation time per day, a double-layer grid frame is arranged in the upper sea water tank, the surface of each grid plate is a grid plate (rough surface is favorable for coral adhesion and can be replaced by a living Dan Zao scene), the two grid plates are placed in a staggered mode to ensure that corals are uniformly received, stone corals can be planted on the upper grid plates at intervals of 10cm, soft corals can be planted on the lower grid plates at intervals of 10cm, the planted corals need to be trimmed to remove dead edges and remove impurities, no diseases and health of the planted corals are guaranteed, and meanwhile, the position of a wave making pump needs to be adjusted to be located above and below the corals, and the corals cannot be directly aligned with coral bodies to directly blow. Two long starfish can be cultivated in four starfish cultivation frames around the upper seawater cylinder, and the space in the frames can enable the starfish to climb at will to keep activity.
In addition, the cultivation method of the echinocandins specifically comprises the following steps: the healthy long-thorn starfish is selected to be placed in the cultivation frame, water changing treatment is needed to be immediately carried out if the situation of dirt spitting initially occurs until the situation is normal (the long-thorn starfish has a process of adapting to the environment), after two or three days of adjustment, shellfish baits can be put in less, and if slow feeding is found, the situation that the cultivation of the long-thorn starfish steps into a positive rail is indicated.
The previous process has been completed and then periodic automatic maintenance is set weekly: 1. the method comprises the steps of automatically replacing half of raw seawater for a seawater cylinder at regular time, supplementing fresh seawater, replacing filter cotton in a right compartment of the seawater cylinder at the lower part after cleaning, replacing the filter cotton in a protein separator in a middle compartment after cleaning, ensuring that a titration device and a salinity control device are in a normal working state by checking, timely supplementing fresh water for the salinity control device, and throwing 50g of baits with the weight ratio of about 1:1 of shrimp to shellfish into a culture frame by each long-thorn starfish culture frame every week, wherein the long-thorn starfish can predate by themselves. According to the method, the growth of the echinocandins in the culture system is good, and meanwhile, the coral and the soft coral can ensure sufficient illumination, high-quality seawater quality and coral baits, and ensure that the coral maintains a good growth level.
Specific examples of use: in 2021, 1 month, three-seas scientific research team breeds coral and soft coral about 2m in indoor co-breeding system of starfish and coral starfish mixed breeding method 2 About 50, 8 spiny starfish. Until 9 months of 2022, 8 echinoids are good in state, still eat actively, have no adverse reaction, have high survival rate of various corals up to one hundred percent, grow well and increase the area by about 2 times of the original area.
Of course, the starfish and coral culture system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method can be used for culturing the long-thorn starfish, the coral and the soft coral in a layered manner (Dan Shanhu needs strong illumination and soft coral needs relatively weak illumination), so that the culture efficiency of the long-thorn starfish is improved, and the landscape is beautified due to the cultured coral.
2. The culture system not only can provide the optimal illumination intensity for the long-thorn starfish and the coral, but also can provide high-quality seawater quality for the long-thorn starfish and the coral, can ensure trace elements, salinity and activity of the culture seawater, and can maintain the coral and the long-thorn starfish at a good growth level.
3. A major factor of starfish and coral culture is maintenance of culture water, fresh water is generally needed to be replaced once a week, compared with a traditional culture system, the water supply and drainage system is combined with a three-way pipe, a one-way stop valve and a water storage barrel are used for greatly improving water injection and water replacement efficiency, one person can clean and replace the water in an effective time, stress reaction generated by starfish and coral in the water replacement process is reduced as much as possible, and meanwhile, the drainage water level can be flexibly adjusted according to actual culture conditions to achieve a desired culture state.
4. The mixed culture system of starfish and coral improves the culture survival rate of starfish, and breaks through the artificial propagation of starfish to a certain extent in China. The method is simple and easy to operate, is convenient to maintain in the later period, and can ensure that the culture conditions of starfish and coral are maintained in a good growth state to a certain extent.
In summary, the invention relates to the technical field of coral culture systems and culture methods, in particular to a starfish and coral co-culture system and two biological mixed culture methods, wherein the starfish and coral co-culture system consists of an upper sea water tank, a lower sea water tank, a starfish culture frame, a water storage cylinder, a three-way pipe, a one-way stop valve, a switching valve, a 7-type telescopic water pipe sleeve, a wave-making pump, led lamps, a filter cotton box, a protein separator, a water suction pump, a titration device, a salinity control device and the like, and comprises a water supply and drainage system, a water quality filtering and purifying system, and a timing lamplight and wave-making system. Firstly, a culture system with upper and lower square sea water tanks is provided, a wave-making pump is arranged at any side of the upper square sea water tank (namely a first sea water tank) to provide wave making, a double-layer grid frame is arranged in the tank and used as a base for coral planting, four starfish culture frames are placed around the upper sea water tank, and the culture frames are of a non-cover cuboid net-shaped structure. The cultivation frame is erected in the upper sea water tank through two wall beams, and the top of the cultivation frame is higher than the upper liquid level of sea water, so that the long-thorn starfish is prevented from climbing out. The square jar of breeding in upper portion is made by transparent ornamental glass, and the back can paste opaque sticker (not influencing pleasing to the eye), is equipped with three-way pipe connection to square sea water jar in lower part and sea water storage bucket in the back, and square sea water jar in lower part is made by non-transparent toughened glass. The lower seawater cylinder is provided with three compartments for sequentially placing a filter cotton box, a protein separator, a water suction pump and a titration device from right to left. The salinity control device is arranged beside the left compartment and is communicated with a lower seawater tank through a water pipe. An LED lamp is erected on the top of the upper square culture tank to provide illumination for starfish and coral culture; the invention also provides a method for mixed culture of the coral starfish by using the system, which simplifies excessive manual operation in the culture process, and replaces the manual operation by using a semi-automatic device, so that not only is errors caused by human factors reduced, but also the labor cost is saved, the limitation of feeding the starfish with long spines is broken through, and meanwhile, the survival rate and the growth rate of the culture of the starfish with the coral are improved.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A starfish and coral farming system, comprising: the seawater tank comprises a first seawater tank (2), a second seawater tank (5), a seawater storage barrel (14), a starfish culture frame (15), a water quality filtering and purifying system, a water pump (8), a first pipeline (16), a second pipeline (17), a third pipeline (4) and a first valve (19);
the starfish culture frame (15) is arranged in the first sea water tank (2);
the water quality filtering and purifying system and the water suction pump (8) are arranged in the second seawater cylinder (5), and a water outlet of the water suction pump (8) is connected with a water outlet of the second seawater cylinder (5);
the first pipeline (16) is connected between the water outlet of the seawater storage bucket (14) and the first water inlet of the second seawater cylinder (5), and the first valve (19) is arranged on the first pipeline (16);
the second pipeline (17) is connected between the water outlet of the second seawater cylinder (5) and the water inlet of the first seawater cylinder (2);
the third pipeline (4) is connected between the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder (2) and the second water inlet of the second seawater cylinder (5);
the first seawater cylinder (2) is higher than the second seawater cylinder (5), and the water outlet and the water inlet of the first seawater cylinder (2) are both positioned on the side wall of the first seawater cylinder and are distributed vertically;
the starfish and coral culture system further comprises: a drainage pipeline (18), an inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe (13), a second valve (20) and a third valve (21);
the second valve (20) is arranged on the third pipeline (4);
one end of the drainage pipeline (18) is connected with the third pipeline (4), and the third valve (21) is arranged on the drainage pipeline (18);
the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe (13) is detachably arranged at the inner end of the water outlet of the first seawater cylinder (2) in a drainage state, and the vertical part of the inverted L-shaped telescopic water jacket pipe is downwards distributed and can be vertically telescopic;
the starfish and coral culture system also comprises a coral planting base;
the coral planting base is arranged in the first sea water tank (2) and is positioned below the starfish culture frame (15); the starfish culture frame (15) is a non-cover starfish culture frame, and the top of the starfish culture frame is higher than the liquid level of the first sea water tank (2);
the coral planting base comprises a double-layer grid frame (12), wherein an upper-layer grid frame and a lower-layer grid frame of the double-layer grid frame (12) are arranged in a staggered manner;
the starfish and coral culture system also comprises two partition boards (11);
the space in the second seawater cylinder (5) is divided by two partition boards (11) to form a first compartment (I), a second compartment (II) and a third compartment (III) which can be communicated in sequence, and a second water inlet of the second seawater cylinder (5) is positioned in the third compartment (III);
the water quality filtering and purifying system comprises: a filter cotton box (6), a protein separator (7) and a titration device (9);
the filter cotton box (6) is arranged in the third compartment (III); the protein separator (7) is arranged in the second compartment (II); the titration device (9) and the water suction pump (8) are both arranged in the first compartment (I), and the titration device (9) is used for adding seawater trace elements.
2. A starfish and coral culture system according to claim 1, wherein the starfish culture frame (15) is of a cuboid mesh-like structure without a cover.
3. The starfish and coral culture system according to claim 1, wherein the starfish culture frame (15) is made of transparent acrylic material.
4. A starfish, coral culture system as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
the LED lamp (1) is arranged at the top of the first seawater cylinder (2) in a lifting mode.
5. A starfish, coral culture system as defined in claim 1, further comprising: at least two wave-making pumps (3);
the two wave-making pumps (3) are arranged in the first seawater cylinder (2) and are respectively positioned above and below the coral planting base.
6. A starfish, coral culture system as defined in claim 1, wherein the water quality filtration purification system further includes:
a salinity control device (10) for maintaining the salinity of the seawater of the second seawater tank (5) stable.
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| JPH1156162A (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-02 | Kaiyo Seibutsu Saibai Center:Kk | Raising of marine animal using circulating sea water and water tank system for raising marine animal |
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