CN115436971A - Wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and use method thereof - Google Patents
Wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115436971A CN115436971A CN202210976579.XA CN202210976579A CN115436971A CN 115436971 A CN115436971 A CN 115436971A CN 202210976579 A CN202210976579 A CN 202210976579A CN 115436971 A CN115436971 A CN 115436971A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and a using method thereof, wherein the system comprises a seed laser, an optical fiber beam splitter, a first circulator, an acousto-optic modulator, an acousto-optic driver, a second circulator, a first optical fiber amplifier, a second optical fiber amplifier, a third circulator, a telescope, a 3dB coupler and a balance detector. The wind measurement laser radar optical system can realize high extinction ratio by adopting single acousto-optic, and compared with a wind measurement laser radar system adopting a conventional double acousto-optic cascade scheme, the wind measurement laser radar optical system reduces one set of acousto-optic, reduces the cost of the radar system, reduces the volume and reduces the power consumption of the system; in addition, the annular amplifying light path is added between the two times of signal light passing through the acousto-optic modulator and is matched with the turn-off function of the acousto-optic modulator, ASE generated when the base part between the two pulse intervals is amplified is inhibited, and system noise is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to a wind measuring laser radar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and a using method thereof.
Background
The wind lidar is used for measuring an atmospheric wind field, wind speed is inverted by measuring Doppler frequency shift of aerosol particles in different areas, and an acousto-optic modulator in a wind lidar system is a core optical device and plays roles of frequency shift and chopping. The wind lidar adopts a coherent detection system, can achieve quantum noise limit level detection, and therefore effective signal detection can be interfered after weak stray light pulses and local oscillator light beat frequency. When the acousto-optic modulator modulates continuous laser into pulsed light, the problem of pulse leakage can exist due to insufficient turn-off ratio of a single acousto-optic driver, and abnormal frequency spectrum can be generated after the beat frequency of local oscillator light to interfere signal light detection. To solve this problem, there are mainly the following two solutions:
the first scheme is to raise the turn-off ratio of acousto-optic driver and make its beat spectrum in the limit level of shot noise by matching with high return loss optical switch.
The second scheme is to adopt a method of cascading acousto-optic modulators, wherein two acousto-optic modulators are cascaded in the system scheme, and the latter acousto-optic modulator is used as an optical switch to turn off the leakage pulse. The system block diagram of the scheme is shown in fig. 2, a seed laser emits single-frequency continuous laser, the single-frequency continuous laser is chopped into pulse light by an acousto-optic modulator 1, then the pulse light is amplified by an optical fiber amplifier 1, and then the pulse light passes through an acousto-optic modulator 2 and serves as an optical switch to close leakage pulses behind main pulses. And then the pulse power is improved to the power level required by the detection distance of the wind radar through the optical fiber amplifier 2 and is transmitted to the air through the telescope. And after being received by the telescope, the return light is transmitted to the 3dB coupler through the circulator, and beat-frequency with local oscillation light separated from the seed laser is transmitted to the balance detector to obtain a frequency shift signal. If a single acousto-optic scheme is adopted, leakage pulses of the acousto-optic modulator 1 are optically amplified through the amplifying modules 1 and 2, then are subjected to crosstalk from the port of the circulator 1 to the port 3, the reflection of the end face of the output jumper is transmitted to the 3dB coupler and then beat frequency with local oscillation light, and an abnormal frequency spectrum is obtained. After the acousto-optic modulators 2 are cascaded, the general commercial acousto-optic extinction ratio is 50-60dB, leakage pulses are restrained, and abnormal frequency spectrums can be effectively eliminated. The advantage of the scheme is that the technical difficulty is low, the engineering is good, the defect is a double-sound-light scheme, the cost of the radar system is increased, the volume and the power consumption of the radar system are also increased, and the low-power consumption and the miniaturization design of the wind-measuring laser radar system are not facilitated. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of the wind lidar system, reduce the size and reduce the power consumption, a new acousto-optic scheme is needed.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and a using method thereof, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind lidar system for achieving a high extinction ratio based on a single acousto-optic, comprising:
a seed laser for emitting a single-frequency continuous laser;
the optical fiber beam splitter is used for splitting the single-frequency continuous laser into a local oscillator light beam and a signal light beam;
the first circulator is used for transmitting the signal light to the acousto-optic modulator and the second optical fiber amplifier;
an acousto-optic modulator for performing optical pulse modulation processing;
the acousto-optic driver is used for loading the radio-frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator and carrying out frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser;
the second circulator is used for realizing the transmission of signal light between the acousto-optic modulator and the first optical fiber amplifier;
the first optical fiber amplifier is used for pre-amplifying the signal light transmitted by the second circulator;
a second fiber amplifier for amplifying the light pulse to a power level required for a radar detection range;
the third circulator is used for transmitting the amplified optical pulse to the telescope and transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light to the 3dB coupler;
the telescope is used for transmitting the amplified light pulse after beam expansion to the air and is also used for receiving frequency shift pulse return light;
the 3dB coupler is used for receiving the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillator light separated by the seed laser, and transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillator light to the balance detector after beat frequency;
the balance detector is used for processing the beat frequency signal to obtain a frequency shift signal;
the seed laser, the optical fiber beam splitter, the first circulator, the second optical fiber amplifier, the third circulator and the telescope are sequentially connected from left to right;
the acousto-optic modulator is respectively connected with the first circulator, the acousto-optic driver and the second circulator, and the second circulator is also connected with the first optical fiber amplifier;
the 3dB coupler is respectively connected with the optical fiber beam splitter, the third circulator and the balance detector.
Furthermore, a first port of the first circulator is connected with an output end of the optical fiber beam splitter, a second port of the first circulator is connected with an input end of the acousto-optic modulator, and a third port of the first circulator is connected with an input end of the second optical fiber amplifier.
Furthermore, a second port of the second circulator is connected with an output end of the acousto-optic modulator, a third port of the second circulator is connected with an input end of the first optical fiber amplifier, and an output end of the first optical fiber amplifier is connected with a first port of the second circulator.
Furthermore, a first port of the third circulator is connected with the output end of the second optical fiber amplifier, a second port of the third circulator is connected with the input end of the telescope, and a third port of the third circulator is connected with the input end of the 3dB coupler.
Furthermore, the acousto-optic driver realizes single frequency shift through a transducer inside the acousto-optic modulator, and continuous laser is converted into pulse laser through the turn-off of an electric signal of the acousto-optic driver.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for using the wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on the single sound light is provided, and the method for using the wind lidar system comprises the following steps:
s1, emitting single-frequency continuous laser through a seed laser, and dividing the single-frequency continuous laser into a local oscillator beam and a signal beam by using an optical fiber beam splitter;
s2, transmitting the continuous single-frequency laser to an acousto-optic modulator by using a first circulator, loading a radio-frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator through an acousto-optic driver, and performing frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser;
s3, pre-amplifying the pulse laser through the first optical fiber amplifier, and transmitting the amplified pulse laser to the second optical fiber amplifier through the second circulator, the acousto-optic modulator and the first circulator in sequence;
s4, amplifying the light pulse to a power level required by radar detection distance through a second optical fiber amplifier, and transmitting the expanded pulse laser to the air through a third circulator and a telescope in sequence;
and S5, receiving frequency shift pulse return light by using a telescope, transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light to the 3dB coupler and the local oscillation light beat frequency through a third circulator, and processing the beat frequency by using a balance detector to obtain a frequency shift signal.
Further, the transmitting the continuous single-frequency laser light to the acousto-optic modulator by using the first circulator comprises the following steps:
the continuous single-frequency laser is incident to the second port of the first circulator from the first port of the first circulator, and the second port of the first circulator transmits the continuous single-frequency laser to the acousto-optic modulator.
Further, the pre-amplifying the pulse laser by the first fiber amplifier includes the following steps:
the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the second port of the second circulator, and the pulse laser enters the first optical fiber amplifier for pre-amplification after being transmitted to the third port from the second port of the second circulator.
Further, the amplifying the light pulse to the power level required by the radar detection distance through the second optical fiber amplifier comprises the following steps:
the pre-amplified pulse laser is transmitted to the second port through the first port of the second circulator, then transmitted to the second optical fiber amplifier through the acousto-optic modulator and then the first circulator, and the optical pulse is amplified to the power level required by the radar detection distance.
Furthermore, the acousto-optic driver realizes single frequency shift through a transducer inside the acousto-optic modulator, and converts continuous laser into pulse laser through the turn-off of an electric signal of the acousto-optic driver.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The wind lidar optical system can realize high extinction ratio by adopting single acousto-optic. Compared with a wind measuring laser radar system adopting a conventional double-acousto-optic cascade scheme, the wind measuring laser radar system has the advantages that one set of acousto-optic is reduced, the cost of the radar system is reduced, the size is reduced, and the power consumption of the system is reduced.
2) In the invention, the annular amplifying light path is added between the two times of signal light passing through the acousto-optic modulator and is matched with the turn-off function of acousto-optic, thereby inhibiting ASE generated when the base part between two pulse intervals is amplified and reducing system noise.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acousto-optics according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a wind lidar optical system based on a cascade acousto-optic scheme in the prior art.
In the figure:
1. a seed laser; 2. an optical fiber beam splitter; 3. a first circulator; 4. an acousto-optic modulator; 5. an acousto-optic driver; 6. a second circulator; 7. a first fiber amplifier; 8. a second fiber amplifier; 9. a third circulator; 10. a telescope; 11. a 3dB coupler; 12. and (6) balancing the detector.
Detailed Description
For further explanation of the various embodiments, the drawings which form a part of the disclosure and which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of operation of the embodiments, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments and advantages of the invention, and, by reference to these figures, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are not to scale and wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a wind lidar system for realizing high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic and a using method thereof are provided.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on single acousto-optic according to an embodiment of the invention includes a seed laser 1, an optical fiber beam splitter 2, a first circulator 3, an acousto-optic modulator 4, an acousto-optic driver 5, a second circulator 6, a first optical fiber amplifier 7, a second optical fiber amplifier 8, a third circulator 9, a telescope 10, a 3dB coupler 11, and a balance detector 12;
wherein, the seed laser 1 is used for emitting single-frequency continuous laser; the optical fiber beam splitter 2 is used for splitting the single-frequency continuous laser into a local oscillator beam and a signal beam; the first circulator 3 is used for transmitting the signal light to the acousto-optic modulator and the second optical fiber amplifier; the acousto-optic modulator 4 is used for carrying out optical pulse modulation processing; the acousto-optic driver 5 is used for loading the radio-frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator and carrying out frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser; the second circulator 6 is used for realizing the transmission of signal light between the acousto-optic modulator and the first optical fiber amplifier; the first optical fiber amplifier 7 is used for pre-amplifying the signal light transmitted by the second circulator; the second fiber amplifier 8 is used for amplifying the light pulse to the power level required by the radar detection distance; the third circulator 9 is used for transmitting the amplified light pulse to the telescope and is also used for transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light to the 3dB coupler; the telescope 10 is used for transmitting the amplified light pulse after being expanded to the air and is also used for receiving frequency shift pulse return light; the 3dB coupler 11 is used for receiving the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillation light separated by the seed laser, and transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillation light to the balance detector after beat frequency; the balance detector 12 is used for processing the beat frequency signal to obtain a frequency shift signal.
When in specific use, the method comprises the following steps: the seed laser 1 emits single-frequency continuous laser, after passing through the optical fiber beam splitter 2, one beam is used as local oscillation light, the other beam is used as signal light, the 1 port of the first circulator 3 is incident to the 2 port of the first circulator 3, the 2 port of the first circulator 3 is connected with the acousto-optic modulator 4, and the signal light is transmitted to the acousto-optic modulator 4. The acousto-optic driver 5 loads a radio frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator 4 to carry out frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser. The other end of the acousto-optic modulator 4 is connected with the 2 port of the second circulator 6, and light is transmitted from the 2 port of the second circulator 6 to the 3 port, enters the first optical fiber amplifier 7 for pre-amplification, then passes through the 1 port of the second circulator 6 to the 2 port, and passes through the acousto-optic modulator 4 again. And then the light pulse is transmitted to a second optical fiber amplifier 8 through the first circulator 3, amplified to the power level required by the radar detection distance, and transmitted to the air after being expanded by a telescope 10 through a third circulator 9. When encountering aerosol, the pulse laser generates frequency shift, the frequency-shifted pulse return light is received by the telescope 10 and then transmitted to the 3dB coupler 11 through the third circulator 9, and beat frequency with the local oscillator light, and the beat frequency signal passes through the balance detector 12 to obtain a frequency-shifted signal.
In this embodiment, an acousto-optic bi-pass scheme is implemented by combining the first circulator 3, the acousto-optic modulator 4, the second circulator 6 and the first optical fiber amplifier 7, and when the first circulator 3 emits continuous single-frequency laser to the acousto-optic modulator 4, the acousto-optic driver 5 implements single frequency shift by the transducer in the modulator, and simultaneously turns off the continuous laser to pulse laser by the electrical signal of the acousto-optic driver 5. The frequency-shifted pulse light is transmitted to the acousto-optic modulator 4 again after passing through the second circulator 6 and the first optical fiber amplifier 7, secondary frequency shift is achieved, and meanwhile, the secondary pulse after the main pulse is cut off, so that the extinction ratio level of the dual-acousto-optic cascade scheme is achieved through the single-acousto-optic dual-pass scheme.
In the pulse laser amplification process, ASE is generated at the base part between two pulse intervals, amplified by the amplifier, and then subjected to crosstalk from a port 1 to a port 3 of the circulator, reflected by the end face of the output jumper wire is transmitted to the 3dB coupler and then interfered with local oscillator light to form interference noise, and further the system noise is increased. Because the scattering echo signal on the surface of the aerosol is weak, after beat frequency of local oscillator light, the weak beat frequency signal can be submerged in system noise, so that the wind speed cannot be measured. In order to reduce interference noise generated by ASE, the invention utilizes the annular amplifying light path to pre-amplify the signal light after the signal light passes through the acousto-optic modulator once, and then passes through the acousto-optic modulator again to cooperate with the acousto-optic turn-off function, thereby being capable of inhibiting the ASE generated when the substrate part between two pulse intervals is amplified.
In summary, according to the above technical solution of the present invention, the wind lidar optical system of the present invention adopts a single acousto-optic to achieve a high extinction ratio. Compared with a wind measurement laser radar system adopting a conventional double-acousto-optic cascade scheme, the wind measurement laser radar system has the advantages that one set of acousto-optic is reduced, the cost of the radar system is reduced, the size is reduced, and the power consumption of the system is reduced.
In addition, the annular amplifying light path is added between the two times of signal light passing through the acousto-optic modulator, and is matched with the turn-off function of acousto-optic, thereby inhibiting ASE generated when the base part between two pulse intervals is amplified, and reducing system noise.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics, comprising:
a seed laser (1) for emitting a single frequency continuous laser;
the optical fiber beam splitter (2) is used for splitting the single-frequency continuous laser into a local oscillation beam and a signal beam;
a first circulator (3) for transmitting the signal light to the acousto-optic modulator and the second fiber amplifier;
an acousto-optic modulator (4) for performing optical pulse modulation processing;
the acousto-optic driver (5) is used for loading the radio-frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator and carrying out frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser;
a second circulator (6) for realizing the transmission of signal light between the acousto-optic modulator and the first optical fiber amplifier;
a first optical fiber amplifier (7) for pre-amplifying the signal light transmitted from the second circulator;
a second fiber amplifier (8) for amplifying the light pulses to a power level required for radar detection range;
the third circulator (9) is used for transmitting the amplified optical pulse to the telescope and transmitting the frequency shift pulse back light to the 3dB coupler;
the telescope (10) is used for transmitting the amplified light pulse after being expanded to the air and is also used for receiving frequency shift pulse return light;
the 3dB coupler (11) is used for receiving the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillation light separated by the seed laser, and transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light and the local oscillation light to the balance detector after beat frequency;
the balance detector (12) is used for processing the beat frequency signal to obtain a frequency shift signal;
wherein the seed laser (1), the optical fiber beam splitter (2), the first circulator (3), the second optical fiber amplifier (8), the third circulator (9) and the telescope (10) are sequentially connected from left to right;
the acousto-optic modulator (4) is respectively connected with the first circulator (3), the acousto-optic driver (5) and the second circulator (6), and the second circulator (6) is also connected with the first optical fiber amplifier (7);
the 3dB coupler (11) is respectively connected with the optical fiber beam splitter (2), the third circulator (9) and the balance detector (12).
2. A wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics according to claim 1, wherein a first port of the first circulator (3) is connected to an output end of the fiber splitter (2), a second port of the first circulator (3) is connected to an input end of the acousto-optic modulator (4), and a third port of the first circulator (3) is connected to an input end of the second fiber amplifier (8).
3. A wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics according to claim 1, wherein a second port of the second circulator (6) is connected to an output of the acousto-optic modulator (4), a third port of the second circulator (6) is connected to an input of the first fiber amplifier (7), and an output of the first fiber amplifier (7) is connected to a first port of the second circulator (6).
4. A wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics according to claim 1, characterized in that a first port of the third circulator (9) is connected to the output of the second fiber amplifier (8), a second port of the third circulator (9) is connected to the input of the telescope (10), and a third port of the third circulator (9) is connected to the input of the 3dB coupler (11).
5. Wind lidar system according to claim 1, wherein said acousto-optic driver (5) is configured to perform a single frequency shift via a transducer inside said acousto-optic modulator (4) and to switch off the electrical signal via said acousto-optic driver (5) to convert continuous laser light into pulsed laser light.
6. Use of a wind lidar system according to any of claims 1 to 5 for achieving a high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics, comprising the steps of:
s1, emitting single-frequency continuous laser through a seed laser, and dividing the single-frequency continuous laser into a local oscillator beam and a signal beam by using an optical fiber beam splitter;
s2, transmitting the continuous single-frequency laser to an acousto-optic modulator by using a first circulator, loading a radio-frequency signal to the acousto-optic modulator through an acousto-optic driver, and carrying out frequency shift and chopping on the continuous laser;
s3, pre-amplifying the pulse laser through the first optical fiber amplifier, and transmitting the amplified pulse laser to the second optical fiber amplifier through the second circulator, the acousto-optic modulator and the first circulator in sequence;
s4, amplifying the light pulse to a power level required by radar detection distance through a second optical fiber amplifier, and transmitting the expanded pulse laser to the air through a third circulator and a telescope in sequence;
and S5, receiving frequency shift pulse return light by using a telescope, transmitting the frequency shift pulse return light to the 3dB coupler and the local oscillation light beat frequency through a third circulator, and processing the beat frequency by using a balance detector to obtain a frequency shift signal.
7. The method for using a wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics according to claim 6, wherein the transmitting the continuous single frequency laser to the acousto-optic modulator using the first circulator comprises the following steps:
the continuous single-frequency laser is incident to the second port of the first circulator from the first port of the first circulator, and the second port of the first circulator transmits the continuous single-frequency laser to the acousto-optic modulator.
8. The method for using the wind lidar system for achieving the high extinction ratio based on the mono-acousto-optic, according to claim 6, wherein the pre-amplifying the pulsed laser by the first fiber amplifier comprises the following steps:
the output end of the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the second port of the second circulator, and the pulse laser enters the first optical fiber amplifier for pre-amplification after being transmitted to the third port from the second port of the second circulator.
9. The method of using a wind lidar system configured to achieve a high extinction ratio based on mono-acoustics according to claim 6, wherein the amplifying the optical pulse to a power level required for radar detection range by the second fiber amplifier comprises:
the pre-amplified pulse laser is transmitted to a second port through a first port of a second circulator, then transmitted to a second optical fiber amplifier through an acousto-optic modulator and then a first circulator, and the light pulse is amplified to a power level required by a radar detection distance.
10. The method for using the wind lidar system for achieving high extinction ratio based on mono-acousto-optic according to claim 6, wherein the acousto-optic driver achieves single frequency shift by a transducer inside the acousto-optic modulator, and the continuous laser is converted into pulse laser by turning off the electrical signal of the acousto-optic driver.
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| CN109541636A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-29 | 东华大学 | A kind of non-blind area High Range Resolution laser radar wind measuring system and method |
| CN212112043U (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-12-08 | 厦门彼格科技有限公司 | Device for improving extinction ratio of acousto-optic modulator |
| CN113340563A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-09-03 | 南京牧镭激光科技有限公司 | Method for testing dynamic extinction ratio of acousto-optic modulator |
| CN216485509U (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2022-05-10 | 东莞市中科原子精密制造科技有限公司 | Hand-held type anemometry lidar based on single beam detection |
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