CN115412128A - Medium-voltage carrier networking communication scheme based on signal-to-noise ratio - Google Patents
Medium-voltage carrier networking communication scheme based on signal-to-noise ratio Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/544—Setting up communications; Call and signalling arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/58—Repeater circuits
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of 10kv power line communication, and discloses a networking communication scheme of medium-voltage carriers based on signal-to-noise ratio. The management unit is connected with the master station in an uplink mode, connected with each slave node in a downlink mode, and connected with the terminal equipment in the slave node. When the power is firstly powered on, the management unit and all the slave nodes perform networking attempt, an optimal frequency band is selected according to the signal-to-noise ratio for networking, and nodes which do not access the network perform relay path networking attempt by taking the access node closest to the relay level of the node as a father node until all the nodes access the network. After all points are accessed to the network, when the selected uplink and downlink data are less, and the carrier channel is idle, the learning is carried out again. The problem of unstable medium-voltage carrier communication is solved, and the communication reliability and the operation efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 10kv power line communication, in particular to a networking communication scheme of a medium-voltage carrier based on a signal-to-noise ratio.
Background
The medium-voltage line is an open network structure, and for an actual field operation scene, the medium-voltage line can be divided into a buried cable, an overhead cable and the like, but no matter which operation scene is, in order to solve the problems that no signal exists in power acquisition and the optical fiber cannot be laid by distribution network equipment, the medium-voltage carrier line is utilized to carry out stable and efficient communication, which is a permanent pursuit of people. However, in reality, the medium-voltage line is often far in communication distance, and the line noise and attenuation are large, resulting in poor communication.
In order to realize stable communication, the prior implementation scheme only utilizes a single frequency point to carry out communication, and if the communication is not carried out, a relay is built or a distributed hierarchical management system is used for management. Due to the characteristics of the power line, the problem that a certain frequency point is obstructed or serious interference among a plurality of frequency points often occurs, so that the final communication effect is poor.
With the improvement of the communication rate, the real-time performance of communication by building the relay is ensured; with the improvement of the networking scheme, the multi-frequency point networking technology is also realized, and the medium-voltage carrier technology is further improved. The problem of communication instability becomes an important factor hindering the popularization of medium-voltage carriers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems by combining with the field actual test, the invention provides a networking communication scheme of medium-voltage carrier waves based on signal-to-noise ratio, and the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a networking communication scheme of medium-voltage carrier based on signal-to-noise ratio is disclosed, the physical form comprises a main station, a management unit, a slave node and a terminal device, wherein:
the management unit is connected with the master station in an uplink mode, connected with each slave node in a downlink mode, and connected with the terminal equipment in the slave node; the uplink data is data which is sent by the terminal equipment and is sent to the master station through the slave node and the management unit; the downlink data refers to data which is sent by the master station, is sent to the terminal equipment through the management unit and the slave node; the networking learning frame refers to data interacted between the management unit and each slave node, and the nodes can be ensured to be accessed to the network. The slave nodes are divided into a direct copy point and a relay point, the direct copy point is a slave node directly communicating with the management unit, and the relay point is a slave node through which other slave nodes communicate.
Before the master station and the device are connected, that is, before uplink and downlink data are generated, it is ensured that the management unit and each slave node can realize stable communication, which is also called free networking.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: when the power is powered on for the first time, the management unit creates a networking queue, firstly, a networking learning frame is sent to a first slave node for networking attempt, after the management unit completes networking learning of all available frequency bands, the frequency bands meeting a threshold value are comprehensively judged, and the optimal frequency band is selected according to a subcarrier and a signal-to-noise ratio;
and 2, step: other slave nodes attempt to form a network according to the step 1, all nodes capable of directly accessing the network are direct copy points, and other nodes which do not access the network attempt to access the network through relay points;
and 3, step 3: and after all the node carriers are on line, performing real-time optimization learning, and ensuring the most stable path of node real-time communication.
The specific scheme is as follows:
preferably, the management unit is unable to communicate with each slave node when the management unit is started for the first time, the management unit forms each slave node into a queue according to the file sequence, and the management unit interacts with a certain slave node through the learning frame.
Preferably, the interaction of the learning frame includes processes of handshaking, screening, configuring, and acquiring a signal-to-noise ratio, the handshaking process is used to enable the management unit and the slave node to be in the same frequency band, the screening is used to determine the number and quality of subcarriers in the frequency band, and the configuring is used to fix the slave node on a fixed frequency band, not to perform polling, and to save time when screening a subsequent frequency band; the purpose of acquiring the signal-to-noise ratio is to acquire a signal and a noise amplitude when the signal is received from a node during communication and when the signal is received by a management unit.
Preferably, the frequency domain range between the unit and the slave node and between the slave node and the slave node is divided into a plurality of frequency bands to ensure that the management unit and the slave node or the slave node and the slave node communicate with each other in a proper frequency band; in the free state, the multiple frequency bands of the slave node are sequentially subjected to switching polling.
Preferably, according to the communication attenuation principle, the amplitude of the signal received by the slave node closer to the management unit is larger than the amplitude of the signal received by the slave node farther from the management unit; otherwise, it is smaller. The above scheme determines that the communication between the management unit and the slave node or between the two slave nodes may choose to use different frequency bands, so as to obtain the frequency band with good communication as much as possible.
Further, the non-network-accessing node selects and tries to access the network by using the relay point with high signal-to-noise ratio communicated with the non-network-accessing node, and stable path information is learned through interaction of learning frames. If the number of the slave nodes is too many, in order to achieve the purpose of rapid network access, the nodes which do not access the network can be set to try to access the network by the relay, a certain frequency band can be tried at first, if the set threshold is met, the nodes can access the network, and as for the stable frequency band and path, the stable frequency band and path can be obtained by the next optimization.
Further, after all slave nodes are accessed to the network, the learning is performed again when the carrier channel is idle, all available frequency bands are screened in the optimization process of each point, and the signal to noise ratio of each frequency band during screening is obtained at the same time, so that whether the communication rate and the success rate of the path are the best or not is determined, and whether the path or the frequency band is switched for use or not is determined.
Further, the acquisition of the signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained through the extraction of uplink data, so that the purpose of obtaining a better frequency band or path can be guaranteed when the carrier success rate is reduced and the learning cannot be performed in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the networking communication scheme of the medium-voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio is provided, and the problem that the communication effect is unstable due to the fact that a fixed certain frequency band is used and is not communicated or serious interference among a plurality of frequency bands occurs in the existing scheme is solved. With the improvement of the communication rate, the real-time performance of the communication by building the relay is ensured; the application of the multi-band technology solves the problem that the problem can only be solved in a mode of replacing equipment when a certain frequency band is obstructed. The use of the signal-to-noise ratio enables the networking to be more reliable and stable, reduces the bandwidth occupied by the networking learning, and enables the whole system to have more sufficient time for the transmission of uplink and downlink data. And the communication reliability and the operation efficiency are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a medium voltage carrier system on which the present invention is based.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of node network access learning based on signal-to-noise ratio according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The specific implementation physical form of the networking communication scheme of the medium-voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio is shown in fig. 1, because the distance length of each node from a management unit is not constant, and noise, impedance, attenuation and the like on a power line are different, a slave node is in a direct copying domain range of the management unit or needs to communicate through a relay node, which frequency band and how many subcarriers are used for communication, learning is needed, and as for the use of a stable path and the frequency band, judgment is carried out according to the condition of the signal-to-noise ratio.
The system is divided into a first power-on learning state and a real-time learning optimization state according to whether the system is powered on for the first time; wherein each learning state is divided into a direct-reading domain learning state and a relay domain learning state.
The first state: and powering on the working process for the first time.
Step 1: the management unit builds a slave node learning queue in accordance with the slave node number, and the parent node using communication learning is only the management unit.
Step 2: as shown in fig. 1, the management unit sends a learning frame to the slave node 1, where the learning frame interaction includes processes of handshaking, screening, configuring, and acquiring a signal-to-noise ratio, the handshaking process is to make the management unit and the slave node in the same frequency band, the screening is to determine the number and quality of subcarriers in the frequency band, and the configuring is to make the slave node fixed on a fixed frequency band, not to perform polling, and to save time when screening a subsequent frequency band; the purpose of acquiring the signal to noise ratio is to acquire the signal and noise amplitude values when the signal is received from the node and when the signal is received by the management unit during communication, and through the above processes, a frequency band which reaches the number of subcarriers and the success rate of subcarrier screening reaches the threshold is firstly acquired and set, so that the slave node 1 is fixed in the frequency band to communicate with the management unit.
And 3, step 3: the management unit continues to learn the remaining frequency bands with the slave node 1, comprehensively judges the frequency bands meeting the threshold value after learning all the frequency bands, and selects the frequency band which has good subcarrier quantity and quality, is not lower than the set threshold value in signal amplitude and is larger than the noise amplitude as the frequency band to be finally used so as to ensure the communication stability; and if the frequency band which is configured at the beginning is not the same as the frequency band which is selected finally, switching the communication frequency band to the frequency band, and then accessing the node carrier to the network.
And 4, step 4: and (4) learning all slave nodes of which the carrier waves are not accessed to the network according to the steps 2 and 3, wherein the slave nodes which can be accessed to the network are all direct reading points, and the slave nodes which do not meet the network access condition enter the next-stage relay path.
And 5: as shown in fig. 2, the circle 1 and the nodes in the circle are all direct copy domain nodes capable of directly accessing the network, the nodes (the slave node A1 and the slave node 4) on the circle 1 are selected as relay points of other nodes which do not access the network, the relay points are used as parent nodes of other nodes which are in carrier access network, and the learning is performed according to the steps 2 and 3, so that the time for the nodes to learn to access the network is saved. Intra-circle nodes, such as slave node 2 or slave node 3, are not selected because if intra-circle nodes are selected for each level of relay, it is likely that the relay level of the non-networked slave nodes will be increased.
Step 6: and (5) after all the sub-nodes of the primary relay finish learning, if a node with a carrier wave not entering the network exists, continuing learning according to the step (5) until all the nodes enter the network through the carrier wave normally.
And a second state: and optimizing a learning process when the service is idle, and selecting a direct reading domain node to perform optimization during the optimization learning of the online node so as to make the preceding-stage node robust in communication for the purpose of achieving the communication stability.
Step 1: firstly, sequencing the online nodes in the path with the maximum relay level, taking the direct reading point of the path as a first optimization node, and sequentially putting other slave nodes into a queue to be optimized according to the relay level.
Step 2: and (4) constructing queues to be optimized by other paths according to the relay levels from large to small in sequence according to the step 1.
And step 3: and after taking out a node to be optimized, according to the relay level, taking the node which is smaller than the relay level and has the signal intensity amplitude similar to the signal intensity of the relay node at the previous stage as a father node of the node to be optimized, and constructing a father node queue.
And 4, step 4: and carrying out single-frequency-band screening on each father node and the node to be optimized, and recording information such as the number of subcarriers, the success rate of the subcarriers, the intensity amplitude of a received signal during communication, the noise amplitude and the like.
And 5: and after all father nodes and the optimization node complete learning, selecting a father node with better information such as communication rate, subcarrier quantity, subcarrier success rate, signal-to-noise ratio and the like as a preferred father node, and switching paths and frequency bands if the father node and the nodes used for current communication are different nodes.
And 6: if the path is switched in step 5, the subsequent sub-slave nodes of the relay point to be optimized all make corresponding path switching and relay level change on the original path.
And 7: when the normal operation is carried out, if the success rate of the carrier wave of a certain path is reduced and the node cannot carry out optimization learning in time, the aim of switching to a better frequency band can still be achieved by acquiring the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio information on the path through the normal operation.
And 8: if no abnormity exists, the optimization steps are carried out when the service is idle, and the high-speed stability of the communication is ensured.
The above embodiments are illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not restrictive of the present invention, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to obtain corresponding equivalent technical solutions, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A networking communication scheme of medium-voltage carriers based on signal-to-noise ratio is characterized by comprising a master station, a management unit, slave nodes and terminal equipment, wherein the management unit is connected with the master station in an uplink mode, is connected with each slave node in a downlink mode, and is connected with the terminal equipment in a slave node mode; the slave nodes are divided into a direct copying point and a relay point, the direct copying point is the slave node which is directly communicated with the management unit, and the relay point is the slave node which is communicated with other slave nodes through the direct copying point; before the master station and the equipment are connected, namely before uplink and downlink data are generated, stable communication between the management unit and each slave node carrier is ensured, which is also called free networking; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: when the power is powered on for the first time, the management unit creates a networking queue, firstly, a networking learning frame is sent to a first slave node for networking attempt, after the management unit completes networking learning of all available frequency bands, the frequency bands meeting a threshold value are comprehensively judged, and the optimal frequency band is selected according to a subcarrier and a signal-to-noise ratio;
step 2: other slave nodes attempt to form a network according to the step 1, all nodes capable of directly accessing the network are direct copy points, and other nodes which do not access the network attempt to access the network through relay points;
and step 3: and after all the node carriers are on line, performing real-time optimization learning, and ensuring the most stable path of node real-time communication.
2. The networking communication scheme for medium voltage carriers based on the snr of claim 1, wherein the management unit is unable to communicate with the uplink and downlink data of each slave node when the management unit is first started, the management unit queues each slave node according to the file order, and the management unit interacts with a certain slave node for the networking learning frame.
3. The networking communication scheme for the medium voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio as claimed in claim 2, wherein the uplink data is data sent by the terminal device to the master station via the slave node and the management unit; the downlink data refers to data which is sent by the master station, is sent to the terminal device through the management unit and the slave node.
4. The networking communication scheme of the medium-voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 2 is characterized in that the networking learning frame refers to data interacted between the management unit and each slave node, and ensures that the nodes can access the network, and comprises the processes of handshaking, screening, configuration, signal-to-noise ratio acquisition and the like, wherein the handshaking is used for enabling the management unit and the slave node to be in the same frequency band, the screening is used for judging the number and quality of subcarriers in the frequency band, the configuration is used for enabling the slave node to be fixed on a certain fixed frequency band and not to perform polling, and time is saved for screening subsequent frequency bands; the signal-to-noise ratio is obtained for obtaining the signal and the noise amplitude when the communication, the node and the management unit are receiving.
5. The networking communication scheme for medium voltage carriers based on signal to noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein the frequency domain range between the management unit and the slave node and between the slave node and the slave node is divided into a plurality of frequency bands to ensure that there is a suitable frequency band for the communication between the management unit and the slave node or between the slave node and the slave node; in the free state, the multiple frequency bands of the slave node are sequentially subjected to switching polling.
6. The networking communication scheme of the medium-voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein the management unit comprehensively determines the frequency bands meeting the threshold after completing the networking learning of all the available frequency bands, selects the frequency band in which the number and quality of the subcarriers are the best, the signal amplitude is not lower than the set threshold, and the frequency band in which the signal amplitude is greater than the noise amplitude is used as the frequency band to be finally used, so as to ensure the communication stability, and if the subcarrier with the high success ratio is available, but the signal amplitude and the noise amplitude do not meet the threshold requirements, the node tries to perform relay communication through other nodes, so as to ensure the communication stability.
7. The networking communication scheme of the medium-voltage carrier based on the signal-to-noise ratio according to claim 1 is characterized in that the non-network-accessing nodes try to use a relay point with a high signal-to-noise ratio for communication, stable path information is learned through interaction of learning frames, if the number of slave nodes is too many, in order to achieve the purpose of fast network access, the non-network-accessing nodes can be set to try to access a certain frequency band when trying to access the network, if the set threshold value is met, the non-network-accessing nodes can access the network, and as for the stable frequency band and the stable path, the non-network-accessing nodes can be obtained through next optimization.
8. The networking communication scheme for medium voltage carriers based on the snr of claim 1, wherein after all slave nodes are networked, the slave nodes perform learning again when a carrier channel is idle, and each point performs screening of all available frequency bands during the optimization process, and obtains the snr of each frequency band during screening, thereby determining whether the communication rate and success rate of the path are the best, and determining whether to switch the path or the frequency band for use.
9. The networking communication scheme for medium-voltage carriers based on the snr of claim 1, wherein the snr of the carrier is obtained by extracting uplink data, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring a better frequency band or path when the carrier success rate is decreased and learning is not performed in time.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115622591A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 广东电网有限责任公司江门供电局 | Noise-based power line carrier hierarchical networking method and device |
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