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CN115403555A - Synthetic method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid - Google Patents

Synthetic method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid Download PDF

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CN115403555A
CN115403555A CN202110575874.XA CN202110575874A CN115403555A CN 115403555 A CN115403555 A CN 115403555A CN 202110575874 A CN202110575874 A CN 202110575874A CN 115403555 A CN115403555 A CN 115403555A
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chlorothiophene
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姜雪峰
王甜甜
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Shanghai Maosheng Kanghui Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D333/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D333/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D333/04Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
    • C07D333/26Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D333/38Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D333/40Thiophene-2-carboxylic acid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

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Abstract

The invention discloses a synthetic method of a rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (CAS: 24065-33-6) shown as a formula (d), which is characterized in that thiophene is used as a raw material, and the rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is synthesized through three reactions of chlorination, formylation and oxidation. The synthetic method has the advantages of high yield, good stability, simple and convenient operation, less three wastes, low cost, less uncontrollable generated impurities, suitability for industrial production, remarkable economic benefit and the like.

Description

Synthetic method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical synthesis, and relates to a synthetic method of a rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid.
Background
Rivaroxaban (CAS: 366789-02-8, trade name is Bairuituo) is used as a famous novel anticoagulant drug which can be orally taken, is jointly developed by German Bayer and America, is listed in Canada and European Union in 9 and 10 months in 2008, is approved to be listed in the America in 7 months in 2011, is approved to be listed in 29 countries including China at present, and has wide market demand; and 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (CAS: 24065-33-6) is a key intermediate for the synthesis of rivaroxaban.
At present, in the process of synthesizing 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid, a plurality of related patents or documents exist. Taking (CN 106146457a, RSCAdvancs2014,4 (26), 13430-13433) as an example, these routes all use 2-chlorothiophene as a starting material to synthesize 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid, and more or less defects such as poor process stability, tedious operation, low yield, more three wastes, serious environmental pollution, uncontrollable impurity generation and the like exist, so that the production risk is high, the cost is high, and the method is not suitable for industrial production.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the method described in the academic literature (RSCAdvancs 2014,4 (26), 13430-13433) is to synthesize 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid by using a compound 2-chlorothiophene as a raw material, extracting hydrogen by using strong base, inserting carbon, and acidifying in one pot, wherein the synthetic process is shown as a route (B):
Figure BDA0003084336030000011
the patent document (CN 106146457 a) describes a method of using 2-chlorothiophene as a raw material, performing a friedel-crafts reaction on trichloroacetyl, and then performing hydrolysis and acidification to obtain 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid, wherein the synthetic process is shown as a scheme (C):
Figure BDA0003084336030000012
the above two synthetic methods have the following obvious drawbacks: route (B): 1. LDA is used in the reaction of the step, the cost is higher, the reaction condition is harsher, no water and oxygen and low temperature are required, the reaction volume ratio is larger, and the productivity is limited; 2. the solvent used in the step can not be recycled and reused, and the amount is large, so that the treatment difficulty, treatment amount and treatment cost of three wastes are obviously increased. Route (C): in the course of Friedel-crafts reaction, aluminium trichloride is used as Lewis acid, and trichloroacetyl chloride is strong acid, its reaction selectivity is poor, several isomers can be produced, and its side reaction can not be controlled, so that it is not favourable for following treatment and purification, so that it can affect the quality of final product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel industrial synthesis method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid. The synthetic method of the invention takes the compound of the formula a as a raw material, and the rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is synthesized through chlorination, formylation and oxidation reactions in sequence. The method has the advantages of high process stability, simple operation, economy, environmental protection, suitability for industrial production and the like.
The invention provides a synthetic method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid, the synthetic process is shown as a route (A),
Figure BDA0003084336030000021
the invention relates to a synthetic method of rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), in a first solvent, under the action of a chlorinating reagent, carrying out chlorination reaction on a compound shown in a formula a and the chlorinating reagent to obtain a compound shown in a formula b;
step 2), in a second solvent, under the action of a formylation reagent, carrying out formylation reaction on the compound of the formula b obtained in the step 1) to obtain a compound of a formula c;
and 3) carrying out oxidation reaction on the compound of the formula c obtained in the step 2) in a third solvent under the action of an oxidant to obtain a compound of a formula d.
In the step 1), the chlorinated reagent is one or more of sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, NCS, hydrochloric acid, TCCA, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine, phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, triphosgene, oxalyl chloride and the like; preferably, it is sulfonyl chloride.
In the step 1), the first solvent is one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetone, acetonitrile and the like; preferably, dichloromethane.
In the step 1), the molar ratio of the compound of the formula a to the chlorinated reagent is 1: (1-5); preferably, 1:1.1.
in the step 1), the volume ratio of the first solvent to the compound shown in the formula a is (1-10) to 1; preferably 5:1.
In the step 1), the temperature of the chlorination reaction is-10-60 ℃; preferably, it is 25 ℃.
In the step 1), the time of the chlorination reaction is 1-36h; preferably, it is 2h.
Step 1) is preferably carried out under nitrogen protection.
In the step 2), the second solvent is one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile and the like; preferably, it is 1,2-dichloroethane.
In the step 2), the formylation reagent is one or more of DMF, sulfonyl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, triphosgene, oxalyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride and the like; preferably, the mixed system is a mixed system of DMF and oxalyl chloride, and further, the molar ratio of the DMF to the oxalyl chloride is 1:1.
In the step 2), the mole ratio of the compound of the formula b to the formylation reagent is 1: (1-10); preferably, 1:2.5.
in the step 2), the volume ratio of the second solvent to the compound of the formula b is (1-10): 1; preferably, 3:1.
in the step 2), the temperature of the formylation reaction is 0-110 ℃; preferably, it is 80 ℃.
In the step 2), the formylation reaction time is 1-24h; preferably, it is 8h.
In the step 3), the third solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO, water and the like; preferably, the mixed system is a mixed system of water and DMSO, and further, the volume ratio of the water to the DMSO is 1:2.
in the step 3), the oxidant is one or more of sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide, jone reagent, potassium permanganate, sodium periodate, TEMPO, 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, 4-acetamido-TEMPO and the like; preferably, sodium hypochlorite.
In the step 3), the molar ratio of the compound of the formula c to the oxidant is 1: (1-15); preferably, 1:5.
in step 3), the volume ratio of the third solvent to the compound of formula c is (1-15): 1; preferably, 9:1.
in the step 3), the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 0-100 ℃; preferably, it is 40 ℃.
In the step 3), the time of the oxidation reaction is 1-16h; preferably, it is 5h.
In the route of the invention, the reaction stability is high, the operation is simple, the three wastes are less, and the cost has obvious advantages.
The process for obtaining the compound of formula d according to the invention has the following advantages: 1) The chlorination reaction is simple to operate, the crude product obtained by concentrating after the reaction can be directly put into the next step, the yield is high (about 100 percent), the pollution is less, and the treatment cost is low; 2) The formylation reaction is simple and convenient to operate, and the obtained crude product of the compound of the formula c can be directly put into the next reaction; 3) The oxidation reaction steps are mild in condition, the yield is quite high (the total yield of the three steps is about 80 percent), and the purity is good (about 99 percent).
Compared with the existing synthetic method, the synthetic route of the rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid has the following remarkable advantages: compared with other chlorinated reagents in the prior art, the method has the advantages of simpler operation, less environmental pollution, no solid waste and lower treatment cost; in the step 2), a mixed system of oxalyl chloride, DMF and the like is used as a formylation reagent, and compared with other formylation reagents in the prior art, uncontrollable impurities such as isomers and the like are not generated, so that the subsequent purification cost is further reduced; the crude product obtained by concentrating the treated reaction solution in the step 2) can be put into the next reaction without purification, so that the production cost is further reduced; and 3) sodium hypochlorite and the like are used as oxidants, so that the method is more economical and environment-friendly compared with other oxidants in the prior art, and the product is purified by adjusting acid and alkali, so that the three-waste treatment cost is low.
In a specific embodiment, the industrial synthetic route of the rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid represented by the formula (d) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003084336030000041
the beneficial effects of the invention also include: the method has the advantages of high process stability, simple operation, less three wastes, high yield, less uncontrollable impurities and low production cost, is suitable for industrial mass production, and has obvious economic benefit.
Corresponding full-name corresponding table used for short names in the specification
Entry Abbreviations Full scale
1 DCM Methylene dichloride
2 TEMPO 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine oxide
3 TCCA Trichloroisocyanuric acid
4 DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
5 DMF N, N-dimethylformamide
6 NCS N-chlorosuccinimide
7 LDA Lithium diisopropylamide
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples. The procedures, conditions, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Example 1
Synthesis of compounds of formula b:
scheme 1:
under the protection of nitrogen, dichloromethane (150mL, 5V) and thiophene (30g, 356.55mmol) are added into a 250mL reaction kettle, sulfonyl chloride (50.53g, 374.38mmol) is added dropwise at 0 ℃, and after the addition is finished, the reaction is carried out for 2 hours at 25 ℃, and the detection is carried out by GC or TLC, so that the reaction is finished. Concentrating to obtain a crude product, and directly putting the crude product into the next reaction (putting the crude product into the next reaction according to the theoretical yield).
Crude compound of formula b: 1 H NMR(400MHz,CHLOROFORM-d)δppm 6.87(m,1H),6.90(m,1H),7.08(m,1H)。
according to the scheme, sulfonyl chloride is chlorinated, after the reaction is finished, the crude product obtained by direct concentration and drying is directly put into the next step, the yield is high, the operation flow is simple and convenient, the reaction safety is high, uncontrollable impurities are not generated, the generated dichloromethane can be directly applied to the next pot, and compared with the method recorded in the existing literature, the method has obvious advantages and is suitable for industrial production.
Meanwhile, the invention also carries out relevant optimization on the step, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
scheme 1-1:
under the protection of nitrogen, dichloromethane (150mL, 5V) or 1,2-dichloroethane (150mL, 5V) or tetrahydrofuran (150mL, 5V) or dioxane (150mL, 5V) or acetone (150mL, 5V) or acetonitrile (150mL, 5V), thiophene (30g, 356.55mmol), sulfuryl chloride (50.53g, 374.38mmol) is added dropwise at 0 ℃, the reaction is completed after the addition, the reaction is carried out at 25 ℃ for 2 hours, and the reaction is detected by GC or TLC, so that the reaction is finished. Concentrating and drying to obtain a crude product of the compound of the formula b.
A compound of formula b obtained in a dichloromethane system (42.38g, 356.55mmol); 1,2-dichloroethane system (41.98g, 354mmol); compound of formula b obtained with tetrahydrofuran system (35.57g, 300mmol); the compound of formula b obtained with dioxane system (30.48g, 257mmol); the compound of formula b obtained in the acetone system (29.65g, 250mmol); acetonitrile system (18.38g, 155mmol);
the reaction solvent identified in this scheme is therefore preferably dichloromethane.
Schemes 1-2:
under the protection of nitrogen, dichloromethane (150mL, 5V), thiophene (30g, 356.55mmol) and sulfuryl chloride (50.53g, 374.38mmol) or hydrochloric acid (37.96g, 374.38mmol)/sodium hypochlorite (278.69g, 374.38mmol) or sodium chlorite (42.32g, 374.38mmol) or NCS (49.99g, 374.38mmol) or TCCA (87g, 374.38mmol) or chlorine gas (26.58g, 374.38mmol) or phosphorus oxychloride (57.4g, 374.38mmol) or thionyl chloride (44.54g, 374.38mmol) or phosphorus trichloride (51.41g, 374.38mmol) or phosphorus pentachloride (77.96g, 374.38mmol) or triphosgene (111.1g, 374.38mmol) or oxalyl chloride (47.52g, 38mmol) are added into a 250mL reaction kettle dropwise at 0 ℃, the reaction is finished after the reaction is finished for 2 hours, and the reaction is detected by GC at 25 ℃ or GC. Concentrating and drying the organic phase obtained after the post-treatment to obtain a crude product of the compound of the formula b.
Sulfonyl chloride system (42.38g, 356.55mmol); a compound of formula b (27.93g, 235.5mmol) obtained from a hydrochloric acid/sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution system; sodium chlorite system (35.25g, 297.3 mmol); the NCS system gave a compound of formula b (41.6g, 350.8mmol); the compound of formula b obtained in the phosphorus pentachloride system (30.55g, 257.6 mmol); TCCA system (34.33g, 289.5mmol); compound of formula b (34.47g, 290.7 mmol) obtained from chlorine reagent system; a compound (24.65g, 207.9 mmol) of the formula b obtained by a phosphorus oxychloride system; compound of formula b obtained with thionyl chloride system (23.87g, 201.3mmol); a compound of formula b (22.27g, 187.8mmol) obtained by a phosphorus trichloride system; compound of formula b obtained with triphosgene system (23.87g, 201.3mmol); oxalyl chloride system (35.73g, 301.3 mmol).
The chlorinating agent identified in this scheme is therefore preferably sulphuryl chloride.
Schemes 1-3:
under the protection of nitrogen, dichloromethane (150mL, 5V), thiophene (30g, 356.55mmol) and sulfonyl chloride (50.53g, 374.38mmol) or sulfonyl chloride (45.72g, 338.72mmol) or sulfonyl chloride (57.75g, 427.86mmol) are added dropwise into a 250mL reaction kettle at 0 ℃, and after the addition is finished, the reaction is carried out for 2 hours at 25 ℃, and the reaction is detected by GC or TLC, thus finishing the reaction. Concentrating and drying to obtain a crude product of the compound of the formula b.
Sulfonyl chloride (50.53g, 374.38mmol) system to give a compound of formula b (42.38g, 356.55mmol); sulfonyl chloride (45.72g, 338.72mmol) system to give a compound of formula b (40.17g, 338.72mmol); sulfonyl chloride (57.75g, 427.86mmol) system to give a compound of formula b (42.38g, 356.55mmol).
The molar ratio chloro reagent/compound a is therefore tentatively 1.05:1.
example 2
Synthesis of compound of formula c:
scheme 1:
the crude product (42.38g, 356.55mmol) containing the compound of formula b from the previous step, 1,2-dichloroethane (127ml, 3v), DMF (65.15g, 891.38mmol) was added to a 500mL reaction vessel, oxalyl chloride (113.14g, 891.38mmol) was added dropwise at 0 deg.C, and after the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 80 deg.C for 8 hours, and the reaction was terminated by GC or TLC detection. And (3) cooling to 30 ℃, slowly adding the mixture into water, separating, washing, drying the organic phase, and directly concentrating until the organic phase is dry to obtain the compound of the formula c, and directly putting the compound of the formula c into the next reaction (putting the compound of the formula c into the next reaction according to 100% of theoretical yield).
Meanwhile, the invention also carries out relevant optimization on the step, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
scheme 1-1:
the crude product (42.38g, 356.55mmol) containing the compound of formula b in the previous step, 1,2-dichloroethane (127ml, 3v) or dichloromethane (127ml, 3v) or toluene (127ml, 3v) or xylene (127ml, 3v) or tetrahydrofuran (127ml, 3v) or dioxane (127ml, 3v) or acetonitrile (127ml, 3v), DMF (65.15g, 891.38mmol) was added to a 500mL reaction vessel, oxalyl chloride (113.14g, 891.38mmol) was added dropwise at 0 ℃, after finishing adding, the temperature was raised to 80 ℃ for 8 hours, and GC or TLC detection ended. And cooling to 30 ℃, slowly adding the mixture into water, separating, washing, drying an organic phase, and directly concentrating to dryness to obtain the compound of the formula c.
1,2-dichloroethane system (52.27g, 356.55mmol); dichloromethane system to give compound of formula c (37.54g, 256.09mmol); toluene system to give a compound of formula c (43.99g, 300.09mmol); xylene system (44.12g, 301.1mmol); a compound of formula c obtained in the tetrahydrofuran system (45.52g, 310.5 mmol), a compound of formula c obtained in the dioxane system (38.13g, 260.09mmol); acetonitrile system to give the compound of formula c (41.06g, 280.09mmol).
The reaction solvent identified in this scheme is therefore preferably 1,2-dichloroethane.
Schemes 1-2:
the crude compound of formula b (42.38g, 356.55mmol), 1,2-dichloroethane (127ml, 3v), DMF (65.15g, 891.38mmol) from the previous step was added to a 500mL reactor dropwise at 0 deg.C, oxalyl chloride (113.14g, 891.38mmol) or sulfuryl chloride (120.31g, 891.38mmol) or phosphorus trichloride (122.41g, 891.38mmol) or phosphorus pentachloride (185.62g, 891.38mmol) or triphosgene (264.52g, 891.38mmol) or phosphorus oxychloride (136.68g, 891.38mmol) or thionyl chloride (106.05g, 891.38mmol), after finishing the reaction, the temperature was raised to 80 deg.C for 8 hours, and GC or TLC detection indicated that the reaction was complete. And cooling to 30 ℃, slowly adding the mixture into water, separating, washing, drying the organic phase, and directly concentrating to dryness to obtain the compound of the formula c.
Compound of formula c (52.27g, 356.55mmol) from the DMF/oxalyl chloride system; compound of formula c (44.07g, 300.59mmol) obtained from the DMF/sulfonyl chloride system; compound of formula c (41.12g, 280.5mmol) obtained from DMF/phosphorus trichloride system; compound of formula c (36.81g, 251.1mmol) obtained from DMF/phosphorus pentachloride system; a compound of formula c obtained in the DMF/triphosgene system (30.86g, 210.5mmol), a compound of formula c obtained in the DMF/phosphorus oxychloride system (43.32g, 295.49mmol); DMF/thionyl chloride system gave compound of formula c (48.47g, 330.67mmol).
The formalizing reagent identified in this scheme is therefore preferably a DMF/oxalyl chloride mixed system.
Schemes 1-3:
the crude compound of formula b (42.38g, 356.55mmol), 1,2-dichloroethane (127ml, 3v), DMF (65.15g, 891.38mmol) from the previous step were added to a 500mL reaction vessel, oxalyl chloride (113.14g, 891.38mmol) or oxalyl chloride (90.51g, 713.1mmol) or oxalyl chloride (135.77g, 1069.65mmol) was added dropwise at 0 deg.C, and after addition, the temperature was raised to 80 deg.C for 8 hours, and GC or TLC detection indicated that the reaction was complete. And cooling to 30 ℃, slowly adding the mixture into water, separating, washing, drying the organic phase, and directly concentrating to dryness to obtain the compound of the formula c.
Oxalyl chloride (90.51g, 713.1mmol) system in the presence of unreacted starting material to give a compound of formula c (44.0 g, 300.2mmol); oxalyl chloride (113.14g, 891.38mmol) system to give a compound of formula c (52.27g, 356.55mmol); oxalyl chloride (135.77g, 1069.65mmol) to give a compound of formula c (52.27g, 356.55mmol).
The molar ratio formaldehydizing agent/compound b is therefore tentatively 2.5:1.
example 3
Synthesis of compounds of formula d:
scheme 1:
a2000 mL reaction vessel was charged with the crude compound of formula c obtained in the previous step (52.27g, 356.55mmol), water (157mL, 3V), DMSO (314mL, 6V), sodium hypochlorite (236.98g, 1782.75mmol) added in portions at 0 deg.C, after completion of the addition, the reaction was carried out at 40 deg.C for 5 hours, and HPLC or TLC detection was carried out to complete the reaction. Adjusting pH to 1 with hydrochloric acid, filtering, and drying the solid to obtain the compound (46.38g, 285.24mmol) of the formula d, wherein the total yield of the three steps is as follows: 80 percent.
1 H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):13.34(br,s,1H);7.61(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=4.0Hz,1H)
Meanwhile, the invention also carries out relevant optimization on the step, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
scheme 1-1:
a2000 mL reaction kettle is added with the crude compound (52.27g, 356.55mmol) of the formula c obtained in the previous step, water (157mL, 3V), DMSO (314mL, 6V), sodium hypochlorite (236.98g, 1782.75mmol) or sodium chlorate (189.76g, 1782.75mmol) or hydrogen peroxide (202.03g, 1782.75mmol) or Jone reagent (178.27g, 1782.75mmol) or potassium permanganate (281.66g, 1782.75mmol) or sodium periodate (381.29g, 1782.75mmol) or TEMPO (278.56g, 1782.75mmol) or 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (307.06g, 1782.75mmol) or 4-acetamido-TEMPO (380.26g, 1782.75mmol), the reaction is finished at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, and HPLC or TLC detection is finished. Adjusting the pH value to 1 with hydrochloric acid, filtering, and drying the solid to obtain the product, namely the compound shown in the formula d.
Sodium hypochlorite system to give a compound of formula d (46.38g, 285.24mmol); a compound of formula b obtained from a sodium chlorate system (42.22g, 259.7 mmol); a compound (36.77g, 226.13mmol) of the formula b obtained by a hydrogen peroxide system; compound of formula b obtained from Jone reagent system (33.44g, 205.7 mmol); a compound of formula b obtained with a potassium permanganate system (27.34g, 168.13mmol); compound of formula b (38.84g, 238.9 mmol) from sodium periodate system; the compound of formula b obtained with TEMPO system (33.97g, 208.9 mmol); compound of formula b obtained from the 4-hydroxy-TEMPO system (32.63g, 200.7 mmol); 4-acetamido-TEMPO system (30.19g, 185.7mmol).
The oxidant identified in this embodiment is therefore preferably sodium hypochlorite.
Schemes 1-2:
adding the crude compound (52.27g, 356.55mmol) of the compound of the formula c obtained in the previous step, water (157mL, 3V), DMSO (314mL, 6V), sodium hypochlorite (236.98g, 1782.75mmol) or sodium hypochlorite (142.19g, 1069.65mmol) or sodium hypochlorite (331.77g, 2495.85mmol) in batches at 0 ℃, after finishing the reaction, reacting at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, detecting by HPLC or TLC, and finishing the reaction. Adjusting the pH value to 1 with hydrochloric acid, filtering, and drying the solid to obtain the product, namely the compound shown in the formula d.
Sodium hypochlorite (142.19g, 1069.65mmol) system still has the raw material unreacted, and the compound (42.36g, 32mmol) of the formula d is obtained; sodium hypochlorite (236.98g, 1782.75mmol) system to give a compound of formula d (46.38g, 285.24mmol); sodium hypochlorite (331.77g, 2495.85mmol) system to give a compound of formula d (46.38g, 285.24mmol).
The molar ratio oxidant/compound c is therefore tentatively 5:1.
scheme 2 (RSCAdvancs 2014,4 (26), 13430-13433):
the method disclosed by the document is characterized in that 2-chlorothiophene serving as a compound is used as a raw material, hydrogen is extracted through LDA (laser direct oxidation) strong base, carbon dioxide is introduced for carbon insertion, and 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is synthesized by an acidification one-pot method, wherein tetrahydrofuran is used as a solvent, so that the cost is high, the yield is only 77%, the solvent cannot be recycled, and the three wastes are more, so that the method is uneconomical and environment-friendly.
The protection content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Variations and advantages that may occur to those skilled in the art may be incorporated into the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. A synthetic method of a rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is characterized in that the synthetic process of the rivaroxaban intermediate 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is shown as the following scheme (A),
Figure FDA0003084336020000011
the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1), in a first solvent, under the action of a chlorinating reagent, carrying out chlorination reaction on a compound shown in a formula a and the chlorinating reagent to obtain a compound shown in a formula b;
step 2), in a second solvent, under the action of a formylation reagent, formylating the compound of the formula b obtained in the step 1) to obtain a compound of a formula c;
and 3) carrying out oxidation reaction on the compound of the formula c obtained in the step 2) in a third solvent under the action of an oxidant to obtain a compound of a formula d.
2. The synthesis method of claim 1, wherein in step 1), the chlorinating agent is one or more of sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, NCS, hydrochloric acid, TCCA, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine gas, phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, triphosgene and oxalyl chloride; and/or the first solvent is one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetone and acetonitrile.
3. The synthesis process according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the molar ratio of the compound of formula a to the chlorinating reagent is 1: (1-5); and/or the volume ratio of the first solvent to the compound of formula a is (1-10): 1.
4. the synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the temperature of the chlorination reaction is-10 to 60 ℃; and/or the time of the chlorination reaction is 1-36h.
5. The synthesis method of claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the formylation reagent is one or more of DMF, sulfuryl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, triphosgene, oxalyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride and thionyl chloride; and/or the second solvent is one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and acetonitrile.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the molar ratio of the compound of formula b to the formylating agent is 1: (1-10); and/or the volume ratio of the second solvent to the compound of formula b is (1-10): 1.
7. the synthesis method of claim 1, characterized in that in the step 2), the temperature of the formylation reaction is 0-110 ℃; and/or the time of the formylation reaction is 1-24h.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the third solvent is one or more of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO, and water; and/or the oxidizing agent is one or more of sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide, jone reagent, potassium permanganate, sodium periodate, TEMPO, 4-hydroxy-TEMPO and 4-acetamido-TEMPO.
9. The synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), the molar ratio of the compound of formula c to the oxidant is 1: (1-15); and/or, the volume ratio of the third solvent to the compound of formula c is (1-15): 1.
10. the method of synthesis according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), the temperature of the oxidation reaction is 0-100 ℃; and/or the time of the oxidation reaction is 1-16h.
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