CN115324844A - Unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator performance measuring device - Google Patents
Unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator performance measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance measuring device for a small unmanned-boat wind driven generator, relates to the field of marine natural energy aircrafts, and aims to solve the problem that the existing measuring device cannot quantify the hull resistance of the wind driven generator during working, and comprises the following components: the two sheet body fixing rods are arranged in parallel and are respectively matched with the rectangular frame at the bottom of the rectangular frame in a sliding manner; the two sheet body fixing rods are respectively fixed with the two sheet bodies of the unmanned boat; the generator position adjusting device is in sliding fit with the rectangular frame at the top of the rectangular frame, and a wind generator is fixed on the generator position adjusting device; the wind generating device is used for driving the wind driven generator; the resistance measuring system comprises a resistance rod and a tension meter; one bottom edge of the rectangular frame is connected with the middle point of the resistance bar through a tension meter; the tension meter is used for measuring the tension between the rectangular frame and the resistance rod; and the energy controller is used for acquiring the generated power of the wind driven generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine natural energy aircrafts, in particular to a device for testing the performance of a wind driven generator by simulating the working environment of a small unmanned ship wind driven generator.
Background
The power supply system of the natural energy driven unmanned ship usually comprises a small wind driven generator, a solar photovoltaic panel and the like, and the purpose of supplying power to the natural energy driven unmanned ship is achieved by utilizing abundant solar energy and wind energy on the sea surface. However, the existence of the small wind driven generator on the natural energy unmanned ship not only supplies energy to the storage battery, but also has the negative effect of increasing the resistance received by the unmanned ship due to the extra resistance received by the carried small wind driven generator.
The small wind driven generator applicable to the natural energy unmanned ship usually needs the ambient wind speed to reach 12m/s to reach the rated power, but the wind speed on the sea surface usually cannot meet the requirement, so that the relation between the generated power of the small wind driven generator and the ship body resistance of the natural energy unmanned ship under different wind speeds has the exploration significance. At present, a method for quantifying the hull resistance of a small wind driven generator on a natural energy unmanned ship during working and a measuring device for accurately measuring extra resistance do not exist.
In conclusion, the measuring device capable of quantifying the generating capacity and the hull resistance of the small wind driven generator at different wind speeds has very important significance for the overall design of the natural energy unmanned ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that the existing measuring device cannot quantify the hull resistance of a wind driven generator during working, and provides a performance measuring device for a small unmanned ship wind driven generator.
The performance measuring device of the unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator comprises a cuboid frame, two sheet body fixing rods, a generator position adjusting device, a wind generating device, a resistance measuring system and an energy controller;
the two sheet body fixing rods are arranged in parallel and are respectively matched with the rectangular frame at the bottom of the rectangular frame in a sliding manner; and the two sheet body fixing rods are respectively fixed with the two sheet bodies of the unmanned boat;
the generator position adjusting device is in sliding fit with the rectangular frame at the top of the cuboid frame, and a wind generator is fixed on the generator position adjusting device;
when the cuboid frame is arranged on the water surface of the circulating water pool, the central lines of the two sheet bodies, the symmetric line of the wind driven generator and the central line of the circulating water pool are all positioned in the same vertical plane;
the wind generating device is used for driving the wind driven generator;
the resistance measuring system comprises a resistance rod and a tension meter;
one bottom edge of the rectangular frame is connected with the middle point of the resistance bar through a tension meter;
the tension meter is used for measuring the tension between the rectangular frame and the resistance rod;
and the energy controller is used for acquiring the generated power of the wind driven generator.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the invention aims to provide a device which can simulate the marine environment of a natural energy unmanned ship, is used for real-time measurement of the performance of a small wind driven generator of the natural energy unmanned ship in a circulating water pool, can simulate a sea air interface and the working condition of the unmanned ship, can adjust the space among sheets, the space position of the small wind driven generator and different wind speed environments, obtain the hull resistance and the generating power of the small wind driven generator under different wind speeds through real-time measurement, obtain the relation between the generating power and the hull resistance of the small wind driven generator, provide experimental data support for the design of the natural energy unmanned ship, provide reference information for the design of the natural energy unmanned ship and have lower use cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a performance measuring device of an unmanned light boat small-sized wind driven generator without a wind restraining shell;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the unmanned small wind driven generator performance measuring device without a wind restraining shell in the other direction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame body without a generator hoisting rod in the unmanned ship small wind driven generator performance measurement device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the unmanned small wind turbine performance measuring device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the performance measuring device of the unmanned small wind driven generator in another direction;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of a resistance measurement system and a frame body in the unmanned boat small wind turbine performance measurement device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a wind driven generator and an energy controller in the unmanned boat small wind driven generator performance measurement device of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind generating device 2 in the unmanned small wind turbine generator performance measuring device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
In a first specific embodiment, the unmanned ship small wind driven generator performance measuring device comprises a cuboid frame 1-1, two sheet fixing rods 1-2, a generator position adjusting device, a wind generating device 2, a resistance measuring system and an energy controller 3;
the two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 are arranged in parallel and are respectively in sliding fit with the rectangular frame at the bottom of the cuboid frame 1-1; and the two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 are respectively fixed with two sheet bodies of the unmanned boat;
the generator position adjusting device is in sliding fit with the rectangular frame at the top of the cuboid frame 1-1, and a wind driven generator 4 is fixed on the generator position adjusting device;
when the rectangular frame 1-1 is arranged on the water surface of the circulating water pool, the central lines of the two sheet bodies, the symmetrical line of the wind driven generator 4 and the central line of the circulating water pool are all positioned in the same vertical plane;
a wind generating device 2 for driving a wind power generator 4;
the resistance measuring system comprises a resistance rod 6-1 and a tension meter 6-2;
one bottom edge of the cuboid frame 1-1 is connected with the midpoint of the resistance bar 6-1 through the tension meter 6-2;
the tension meter 6-2 is used for measuring the tension between the cuboid frame 1-1 and the resistance rod 6-1;
and the energy controller 3 is used for obtaining the generated power of the wind driven generator 4.
In particular, the invention is applied to the measurement of the power generation power of the small wind driven generator and the resistance of the ship body in the circulating water pool. According to the knowledge of the ship principle, an open water test performed by the circulating water tank is a common resistance measurement mode, meanwhile, the circulating water tank and the wind generating device 2 are combined to manufacture a sea-air interface, the marine environment where a natural energy unmanned ship is located can be simulated, and a platform with enough area in the water tank field can be used for arranging shore-based equipment such as a controller (which can be used as a wind speed controller, an energy controller 3 and a working machine), so that data acquisition and analysis are facilitated.
The invention comprises a frame body consisting of a sheet body and a frame body, a wind generating device 2 and a resistance measuring system, and the whole device is arranged on a circulating water pool for use.
The frame body is formed by splicing fourteen sectional materials, a generator position adjusting device and a sheet body interval adjusting screw rod 1-4 are arranged inside the frame body, twelve sectional materials are spliced into a cuboid frame 1-1, the joint of the sectional materials and the sectional materials is fixed by using an angle code, a bottom rectangular frame is provided with two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 which are respectively fixed with two sheet bodies through stainless steel rolling belts, the two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 are connected through the sheet body interval adjusting screw rod 1-4 with adjustable length, and the two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 are connected with the bottom rectangular frame consisting of the four sectional materials through sliding rings arranged at two ends.
The resistance measurement system is a part of the measurement system and is of a structure consisting of two pressing blocks, a resistance rod 6-1 and a tension meter 6-2, wherein the resistance rod 6-1 can stretch across a circulating water pool, a circular hole is formed in the axial midpoint of the resistance rod 6-1, a circular ferrule is welded in the axial midpoint of the four sectional materials of the rectangular frame at the bottom, the sectional material is parallel to the resistance measurement system with the circular hole and is closest to the resistance measurement system (a bottom edge which is close to and parallel to the resistance rod 6-1), and the tension meter 6-2 is arranged between the circular ferrule and the circular hole.
When the experimental device works, the thrust force on the whole frame body and the whole sheet body is measured by the tension meter 6-2, and the ship body resistance generated by the small wind driven generator 4 in working under different wind speeds is obtained according to the Newton's third law.
The measuring system further comprises an energy measuring system, the energy measuring system comprises a small wind driven generator 4, an energy controller 3 and a rechargeable storage battery 8 which is not fully charged, and when the experimental device works, the generated energy of the small wind driven generator 4 can be directly read out through the energy controller 3.
The generator position adjusting device can adjust the position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 on a plane parallel to the water surface.
The best embodiment, this example is a further description of the first embodiment, in this example, it also includes sheet interval adjusting screw rods 1-4;
two ends of the sheet body spacing adjusting screw rods 1-4 are respectively connected with the rod bodies of the two sheet body fixing rods 1-2.
In the embodiment, the generator position adjusting device comprises two adjusting rods 1-3-1, a connecting slide block 1-3-2 and a generator hoisting rod 1-3-3;
two ends of one adjusting rod 1-3-1 are respectively in sliding fit with two parallel edges of the top rectangular frame, and two ends of the other adjusting rod 1-3-1 are respectively in sliding fit with the other two parallel edges of the top rectangular frame;
the connecting sliding block 1-3-2 comprises two mutually perpendicular and non-communicated slide ways, and the two adjusting rods 1-3-1 respectively penetrate through the two slide ways;
one end of the generator hoisting rod 1-3-3 is connected with the connecting sliding block 1-3-2, and the other end is used for being connected with the wind driven generator 4, so that the wind driven generator 4 can be suspended inside the rectangular frame 1-1.
Specifically, a generator position adjusting device is arranged on the top rectangular frame, namely two adjusting rods 1-3-1 which are arranged in a cross manner, the intersections of the two adjusting rods 1-3-1 are connected through connecting sliding blocks 1-3-2, generator hoisting rods 1-3-3 (which can be telescopic three-joint rods) are welded below the connecting sliding blocks 1-3-2, the lower portions of the generator hoisting rods 1-3-3 are connected with a small wind driven generator 4, two ends of the two adjusting rods 1-3-1 are respectively provided with a sliding ring to be connected with the top rectangular frame, and the position of the small wind driven generator 4 on a water surface parallel plane can be adjusted by moving the connecting sliding blocks 1-3-2 of the generator position adjusting device.
In the best embodiment, this embodiment is a further description of the first embodiment, and in this embodiment, the motor hoisting rods 1-3-3 are telescopic rods.
Specifically, the position of the small wind driven generator 4 in the direction vertical to the water surface can be adjusted by changing the telescopic degree of the generator hoisting rods 1-3-3.
In the present embodiment, the wind generating device 2 includes a wind generating device bracket 2-1, a plurality of wind speed sensors 2-2, a plurality of centrifugal fans 2-3, a plurality of frequency converters 2-4, and a wind speed controller; the number of the frequency converters 2-4 and the number of the wind speed sensors 2-2 are equal to the number of the centrifugal fans 2-3;
all the centrifugal fans 2-3 are fixed on the wind making device bracket 2-1;
the wind speed sensors 2-2 are fixed at the air outlets of the centrifugal fans 2-3 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, are used for measuring the actual wind speed of the corresponding centrifugal fan 2-3 and sending the actual wind speed to the wind speed controller;
the frequency converters 2-4 are connected with the centrifugal fans 2-3 in a one-to-one correspondence mode and used for adjusting the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fans 2-3;
the wind speed controller is used for randomly selecting an actual wind speed from the actual wind speeds of the different centrifugal fans 2-3 as a consistent wind speed, comparing each actual wind speed with the consistent wind speed to obtain a corresponding first wind speed difference value, generating a first voltage frequency adjusting signal corresponding to each first wind speed difference value according to the relation between the wind speed and the input voltage frequency, and sending the first voltage frequency adjusting signal to the corresponding frequency converter 2-4;
the frequency converter 2-4 is used for controlling the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fan 2-3 according to the received first voltage frequency adjusting signal and changing the rotating speed of the corresponding centrifugal fan 2-3; thereby making the wind speeds of all the centrifugal fans 2-3 consistent.
Specifically, the wind generating device 2 comprises a wind generating device support 2-1, four centrifugal fans 2-3, four frequency converters 2-4 and four wind speed sensors 2-2, the four centrifugal fans 2-3 are arranged on the wind generating device support 2-1, the four centrifugal fans 2-3 are arranged in a grid shape in consideration of the fact that a single centrifugal fan 2-3 cannot generate wind with large wind speed, the four centrifugal fans 2-3 are arranged in a grid shape in consideration of the fact that the wind generating device 2 cannot change the wind generating size under the condition that the input voltage is unchanged, the frequency converters 2-4 are arranged between a power supply and each centrifugal fan 2-3, the wind generating size of the centrifugal fans 2-3 is changed by changing the frequency of the input voltage, and the wind speed of air outlets of the centrifugal fans 2-3 is adjusted.
Considering that the wind generating sizes of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 are different, a wind speed sensor 2-2 is arranged at the air outlet of each centrifugal fan 2-3. The wind speed sensor 2-2 can monitor the wind speed of each air outlet in real time, and adjust the wind making size of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 to be consistent through automatic control, so that the wind speeds of the air outlets of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 are the same, uniform wind is generated, and the wind received by the small-sized wind driven generator 4 is uniform. Wherein, the wind speed sensor 2-2 and the frequency converter 2-4 are connected with a wind speed controller (a shore-based system).
And before the wind-making device 2 is arranged, the vertical position of the small wind-driven generator 4 needs to be determined, and the geometric centers of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 and the geometric center of the fan blade surface of the small wind-driven generator 4 are ensured to be at the same height.
In the best embodiment, this embodiment is a further description of the first embodiment, and in this embodiment, two anemometers 7 are further included;
the two anemometers 7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the adjusting rod 1-3-1 parallel to the wind direction, are used for measuring the front wind speed and the rear wind speed of the wind driven generator 4 and sending the wind speed to the wind speed controller;
the wind speed controller is also used for obtaining an average wind speed through the front wind speed and the rear wind speed, comparing the average wind speed with a set wind speed to obtain a second wind speed difference value, generating a second voltage frequency adjusting signal corresponding to the second wind speed difference value according to the relation between the wind speed and the input voltage frequency, and sending the second voltage frequency adjusting signal to all frequency converters 2-4;
and the frequency converter 2-4 is also used for controlling the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fan 2-3 according to the second voltage frequency adjusting signal, so that the average wind speed reaches the set wind speed.
Specifically, the measuring system also comprises a wind speed measuring system, the purpose of the wind speed measuring system is to measure the wind speed at the position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4, but the anemoscope 7 directly arranged in front of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 influences the flow field at the position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4, so that an anemoscope support is arranged on the generator position adjusting device instead, the anemoscope 7 is respectively arranged on the two anemoscope supports, and the more reasonable wind speed value at the position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 is obtained by taking the arithmetic mean value of the readings of the two anemoscope supports arranged in front and back in consideration of the influence on the wind speed caused by different distances from the wind generating device 2. At present, the wind speed measuring method is relatively mature, and various existing anemometers can measure the wind speed.
Anemoscope supports are respectively arranged on the sliding rings at the two ends of the adjusting rod 1-3-1 along the wind direction on the top rectangular frame 2. Two anemometers 7 are fixed by the two anemometer supports, and the wind speeds of the front and the back of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 are measured at the same height.
A more reasonable average wind speed at the small wind turbine 4 is obtained by averaging the readings of the two anemometers 7. The wind speed automatic adjusting system composed of the wind speed sensor 2-2, the anemoscope 7, the frequency converter 2-4 and the shore base is used for controlling the wind making size of the wind making device 2, the expected wind speed is input into the shore base, the frequency of the input voltage of the wind making device 2 is adjusted through the controller, and the wind speed size at the position of the small wind driven generator 4 is adjusted rapidly until the average value of the readings of the two anemoscopes 7 on the top rectangular frame 2 reaches the expected wind speed (set wind speed).
In the present embodiment, the wind-restraining casing 5 is further included, and the wind-restraining casing 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped housing with openings at both ends and at the bottom;
the wind-binding shell 5 covers the frame body and the wind-making device 2, and the wind-making device 2 is arranged at an opening at one end of the wind-binding shell 5.
Specifically, the invention further comprises a wind-restraining shell 5, wherein the wind-restraining shell 5 is a cuboid hollow shell with openings at two ends and at the bottom. The invention creates an experimental environment simulating a wind tunnel by using the wind generating device 2 and the wind restraining shell 5.
The wind restraining shell 5 is a cuboid hollow shell with an inlet, an outlet and an open bottom, the wind restraining shell 5 is longitudinally arranged on the circulating water pool, in a plan view, the long side of the rectangle at the top of the wind restraining shell 5 is parallel to the central line of the circulating water pool, and the central line of the rectangle at the top of the wind restraining shell 5, which is parallel to the long side, and the central line of the circulating water pool are on the same vertical plane.
The wind restraining shell 5 is used for being matched with the wind generating device 2 to manufacture a simple wind tunnel, the wind restraining shell 5 is of a cuboid structure, rectangles with any cross sections in the interior are completely the same in shape and area, the interior is regarded as a flow pipe, and the flow pipe is manufactured according to an ideal flow pipe theory (V) 1 S 1 ＝V 2 S 2 It can be seen that, ideally, the wind speed at any position inside the wind restraining casing 5 is the same, so that the wind in the environment where the small wind driven generator 4 is located is more uniform. The device can only measure the tip speed ratio of obtaining aerogenerator and reaching the best power under certain wind speed, and the functionality is not strong, and assumes the inside ideal flow tube of device, equates wind speed in air outlet department as aerogenerator operational environment wind speed, does not consider the momentum loss that equipment precision scheduling problem leads to.
In this embodiment, an energy controller 3 is further included
And the energy controller 3 is also used for acquiring the rotating speed of the wind driven generator 4.
Specifically, when the experimental device works, the rotating speed of the fan blades of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 can be directly read through the energy controller 3.
When the device is used, the whole device spans across a circulating water tank, and the geometric centers of four centrifugal fans 2-3 on a wind making device 2 and the central line of the circulating water tank are on the same vertical plane; the circular holes of the resistance measuring system fixed with the two sides of the water pool through the pressing blocks are on the same vertical plane with the central line of the circulating water pool; after the distance between the sheet bodies is determined, adjusting a sheet body distance adjusting screw rod 1-4 between two sheet body fixing rods 1-2 connected with the sheet bodies through a stainless steel rolling belt to enable the distance between the sheet bodies to reach the expected distance, wherein the sheet bodies are symmetrically arranged along the central line of a frame; the central line of the frame and the central line of the circulating water tank are arranged on the same vertical plane; the space position of the small wind driven generator 4 is adjusted through a connecting slide block 1-3-2 at the intersection of a cross adjusting rod 1-3-1 of a generator position adjusting device, slip rings at two ends of a section bar and a generator hoisting rod 1-3-3, the central line of the small wind driven generator 4 and the central line of a circulating water pool are required to be ensured to be in the same vertical plane, and the geometric center of the fan blade surface of the small wind driven generator 4 and the geometric centers of four centrifugal fans 2-3 are in the same height; anemometers 7 are respectively arranged on the two anemometer supports of the top rectangular frame; a tension meter 6-2 is arranged between a circular hole of a resistance measurement system fixed with the two sides of the pool through pressing blocks and a circular ferrule of a rectangular frame at the bottom, and the index of the tension meter 6-2 is ensured to be zero in an initial state; connecting wind speed sensors 2-2 at air outlets of four centrifugal fans 2-3 of a wind generating device 2, a frequency converter 2-4 connected with the centrifugal fans 2-3 and an anemoscope 7 at a frame body with a wind speed controller; connecting the frequency converter 2-4 with a power supply; connecting a three-core cable of the small wind driven generator 4 with the energy controller 3, and connecting the energy controller with the rechargeable battery 8 which is not fully charged; the whole device is covered by the wind-restraining shell 5, the wind-making device 2 is started, the generated energy, the rotating speed of the fan blades and the resistance of the ship body of the small wind-driven generator 4 at the current wind speed can be measured, the wind speed can be controlled by adjusting the frequency converters 2-4, and the generated energy, the rotating speed of the fan blades and the resistance of the ship body of the small wind-driven generator 4 at different wind speeds can be measured by changing the wind speed and continuously measuring.
The specific use method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. the resistance measuring system crossing the circulating water pool is fixed at a proper position of the circulating water pool, and experiments confirm that when the distance between the small wind driven generator 4 and the wind generating device 2 reaches 4 meters, the wind at the small wind driven generator 4 is more uniform and the wind speed attenuation is smaller, so that a proper space is required to be reserved at the position 4 meters away from the fixed position of the resistance measuring system crossing the circulating water pool for arranging the wind generating device 2, and a proper space is required to be reserved in the opposite direction for arranging the frame body and the sheet body.
2. Two sheet bodies, a small-sized wind driven generator 4, a wind speed meter 7 and a frame body are integrated, an expected sheet body interval is determined according to needs, the sheet body interval between the sections fixed with the sheet bodies through a stainless steel rolling belt is adjusted to reach the expected sheet body interval through a sheet body interval adjusting screw rod 1-4, the frame body and the sheet bodies are integrally arranged in a circulating water pool, and the center line of the two sheet bodies, the symmetrical line of the small-sized wind driven generator 4, the center line of the two wind speed meters 7 and the center line of the circulating water pool are in the same vertical plane through the slide rings at the two ends of the sections connected with the sheet bodies, a center connecting slide block 1-3-2 of a generator position adjusting device, the position of the sheet bodies and the horizontal position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4.
3. The wind-making device 2 is arranged at a position 4 meters away from the small-sized wind-driven generator, the air outlet direction of the centrifugal fans 2-3 is over against the small-sized wind-driven generator 4, and the geometric centers of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 and the central line of the circulating water tank are in the same vertical plane.
4. The vertical position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 is adjusted through the generator hoisting rods 1-3-3 of the generator position adjusting device, so that the geometric centers of the fan blade surfaces of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 and the geometric centers of the four centrifugal fans 2-3 of the wind generating device 2 are at the same height.
5. The integrated shore-based system is characterized in that a centrifugal fan 2-3 is connected with a frequency converter 2-4, the frequency converter 2-4 is connected with a power supply, four wind speed sensors 2-2 at air outlets of four centrifugal fans 2-3 of a wind generating device 2, two anemometers 7 at a rectangular frame at the top and the frequency converter 2-4 are connected with a controller, a rechargeable battery 8 which is not fully charged is connected with an energy controller, and a small wind driven generator 4 is connected with the energy controller 3. When the energy measuring system is arranged, the energy controller and the rechargeable storage battery 8 which is not fully charged need to be connected firstly, and then the energy controller and the small-sized wind driven generator 4 need to be connected, so that the energy controller is prevented from being damaged.
6. A tension meter 6-2 is disposed between the resistance measuring system and the frame body across the circulating water pool, and the indication of the tension meter 6-2 is made to be exactly zero in the initial position.
7. The wind-restraining shell 5 is arranged to cover the wind-making device 2 and the frame body, so that the central line of the top of the wind-restraining shell 5 parallel to the long edge and the central line of the circulating water pool are in the same vertical plane.
8. And (4) switching on a power supply, and measuring the generated energy and the hull resistance of the small wind driven generator 4 of the natural energy unmanned boat at different wind speeds according to experimental requirements.
The invention is used for real-time measurement of the performance of the small wind driven generator 4 of the natural energy unmanned ship in the circulating water pool, can simulate the sea-air interface and the working condition of the unmanned ship, and can obtain the rotating speed of the fan blades, the generating capacity and the ship body resistance of the small wind driven generator 4 at different wind speeds through real-time measurement, thereby providing reference information for the design of the natural energy unmanned ship and having lower use cost.
The invention aims to provide a device for measuring the performance of a small-sized natural energy unmanned ship wind driven generator 4, which can simulate the marine environment where a natural energy unmanned ship is located, can adjust the space among sheets, the space position of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 and the wind speed environment and can measure the performance of the small-sized wind driven generator 4 in real time, wherein the specific performance comprises the power generation capacity of the small-sized wind driven generator 4, the rotating speed of fan blades and the resistance of a ship body.
Compared with the prior art, the wind tunnel measurement method commonly used for measuring the performance of the fan at present can only be generally applied to single-phase flow environment measurement of only air, the problem of extremely high use cost of a few large wind tunnels supporting ship model experiments also exists, and a sea-air interface under a specific flow rate is difficult to simulate. Although the method using the water tank test can reduce the cost, the wind becomes unstable and the wind speed is seriously attenuated as the distance between the wind generating device and the ship model increases, so that it is difficult to simulate the sea state with large wind speed. The invention utilizes the characteristics of lower use cost, good flow velocity control and good arrangement of experimental equipment of the circulating water pool, can generate stable wind by matching the wind generating device 2 and the wind restraining shell 5, and has more advantages compared with the prior art.
1. According to the invention, by utilizing an automatic control principle, the frequency of the frequency converter can be changed and the air speed of the air outlet of the centrifugal fan can be adjusted by only controlling the expected air speed on the shore base, so that the air speed of the position where the small wind driven generator is located is changed and the air uniformity is ensured;
2. the wind-tunnel simulation experiment environment is generated by the wind-making device and the wind-bunching shell, so that the wind at the position of the small wind-driven generator is uniform;
3. according to the invention, through the sheet body distance adjusting screw rod between the two sheet bodies and the generator position adjusting device, the sheet body distance and the space position of the small wind driven generator can be changed as required, and the device is suitable for different natural energy unmanned boats;
4. the invention utilizes the characteristics of the circulating water tank, the experimental device occupies small space, and the performance of the small wind driven generator 4 under the air-water double-medium environment is measured, compared with the land experiment, the experimental device is closer to the actual experimental environment.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features from different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways other than those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. The performance measuring device of the unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator is characterized by comprising a cuboid frame (1-1), two sheet body fixing rods (1-2), a generator position adjusting device, a wind generating device (2), a resistance measuring system and an energy controller (3);
the two sheet body fixing rods (1-2) are arranged in parallel and are respectively in sliding fit with the rectangular frame at the bottom of the cuboid frame (1-1); the two sheet body fixing rods (1-2) are respectively fixed with two sheet bodies of the unmanned boat;
the generator position adjusting device is in sliding fit with a rectangular frame at the top of the cuboid frame (1-1), and a wind driven generator (4) is fixed on the generator position adjusting device;
when the cuboid frame (1-1) is arranged on the water surface of the circulating water pool, the central lines of the two sheet bodies, the symmetrical line of the wind driven generator (4) and the central line of the circulating water pool are all positioned in the same vertical plane;
the wind generating device (2) is used for driving a wind driven generator (4);
the resistance measuring system comprises a resistance rod (6-1) and a tension meter (6-2);
one bottom edge of the cuboid frame (1-1) is connected with the middle point of the resistance bar (6-1) through the tension meter (6-2);
the tension meter (6-2) is used for measuring the tension between the cuboid frame (1-1) and the resistance bar (6-1);
the energy controller (3) is used for obtaining the generated power of the wind driven generator (4).
2. The unmanned small wind power generator performance measuring device of claim 1, further comprising a sheet pitch adjusting screw (1-4);
two ends of the sheet body spacing adjusting screw rod (1-4) are respectively connected with the rod bodies of the two sheet body fixing rods (1-2).
3. The unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator performance measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the generator position adjusting device comprises two adjusting rods (1-3-1), a connecting slide block (1-3-2) and a generator hoisting rod (1-3-3);
two ends of one adjusting rod (1-3-1) are respectively in sliding fit with two parallel edges of the top rectangular frame, and two ends of the other adjusting rod (1-3-1) are respectively in sliding fit with the other two parallel edges of the top rectangular frame;
the connecting sliding block (1-3-2) comprises two mutually perpendicular and non-communicated slide ways, and the two adjusting rods (1-3-1) respectively penetrate through the two slide ways;
one end of the generator hoisting rod (1-3-3) is connected with the connecting sliding block (1-3-2), and the other end of the generator hoisting rod is used for being connected with the wind driven generator (4), so that the wind driven generator (4) can be suspended in the cuboid frame (1-1).
4. The unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator performance measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the generator hoisting rod (1-3-3) is a telescopic rod.
5. The unmanned small wind power generator performance measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the wind generating device (2) comprises a wind generating device bracket (2-1), a plurality of wind speed sensors (2-2), a plurality of centrifugal fans (2-3), a plurality of frequency converters (2-4) and a wind speed controller; the number of the frequency converters (2-4) and the number of the wind speed sensors (2-2) are equal to the number of the centrifugal fans (2-3);
all the centrifugal fans (2-3) are fixed on the wind-making device bracket (2-1);
the wind speed sensors (2-2) are fixed at the air outlet of each centrifugal fan (2-3) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, are used for measuring the actual wind speed of the corresponding centrifugal fan (2-3), and send the actual wind speed to the wind speed controller;
the frequency converters (2-4) are connected with the centrifugal fans (2-3) in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are used for adjusting the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fans (2-3);
the wind speed controller is used for randomly selecting an actual wind speed from the actual wind speeds of different centrifugal fans (2-3) as a consistent wind speed, comparing each actual wind speed with the consistent wind speed to obtain a corresponding first wind speed difference value, generating a first voltage frequency adjusting signal corresponding to each first wind speed difference value according to the relation between the wind speed and the input voltage frequency, and sending the first voltage frequency adjusting signal to a corresponding frequency converter (2-4);
the frequency converter (2-4) is used for controlling the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fan (2-3) according to the received first voltage frequency adjusting signal and changing the rotating speed of the corresponding centrifugal fan (2-3); thereby enabling the wind speeds of all the centrifugal fans (2-3) to be consistent.
6. The unmanned boat small wind turbine generator performance measurement device according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising two anemometers (7);
the two anemometers (7) are respectively arranged at two ends of the adjusting rod (1-3-1) parallel to the wind direction, are used for measuring the front wind speed and the rear wind speed of the wind driven generator (4), and are sent to the wind speed controller;
the wind speed controller is also used for obtaining an average wind speed through the front wind speed and the rear wind speed, comparing the average wind speed with a set wind speed to obtain a second wind speed difference value, generating a second voltage frequency adjusting signal corresponding to the second wind speed difference value according to the relation between the wind speed and the input voltage frequency, and sending the second voltage frequency adjusting signal to all frequency converters (2-4);
and the frequency converter (2-4) is also used for controlling the input voltage frequency of the corresponding centrifugal fan (2-3) according to the second voltage frequency adjusting signal, so that the average wind speed reaches the set wind speed.
7. The unmanned ship small-sized wind driven generator performance measuring device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by further comprising a wind binding outer shell (5), wherein the wind binding outer shell (5) is a cuboid shell with two ends and a bottom opened;
the wind-restraining shell (5) is covered outside the frame body (1) and the wind-making device (2), and the wind-making device (2) is positioned at an opening at one end of the wind-restraining shell (5).
8. The unmanned small wind power generator performance measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a power controller (3)
The energy controller (3) is further used for obtaining the rotating speed of the wind driven generator (4).
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