CN115296128A - Nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in positive dispersion area - Google Patents
Nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in positive dispersion area Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region, which relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, and is of an annular cavity structure and comprises an optical platform, a semiconductor pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped quartz fiber, a polarization-independent isolator, a multi-mode fiber saturable absorber, a dispersion compensation fiber and an output coupler, wherein the wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped quartz fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the multi-mode fiber saturable absorber, the dispersion compensation fiber and the output coupler are used for sequentially forming an optical loop; the erbium-doped quartz fiber is used for generating the number of reversed particles required by laser; the polarization-independent isolator is used for ensuring unidirectional laser operation in the optical loop, and the dispersion compensation optical fiber is used for adjusting dispersion parameters of a laser cavity; the output coupler is used for laser output and monitoring. The invention provides an erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser working in a positive dispersion region for generating lower nanosecond-level pulse fiber laser. The practical development of the all-fiber, high-integration and high-stability large-energy erbium-doped nanosecond fiber laser is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region.
Background
The nanosecond-level pulse laser has important application in the fields of radar, material processing, biomedical treatment and the like. Especially, the nanosecond fiber laser with the full-fiber structure has the advantages of better beam quality, energy density and integration than a solid laser and a semiconductor laser, and the unique advantages of the fiber laser in the aspects of pulse generation and optimization due to the characteristics of dispersion, nonlinearity, polarization state and the like of the fiber laser. At present, the passive Q-switching and passive mode-locking technology based on a saturable absorber has the advantages of compact structure, low cost, stable performance, simplicity in operation and the like, and is an effective way for obtaining an all-fiber nano laser. Compared with a passive Q-switching technology, the passive mode-locking fiber laser scheme with optimized design can more easily obtain pulse laser with the pulse width of several nanoseconds.
Nanosecond laser is obtained from a passive mode-locked fiber laser, on one hand, a saturable absorber capable of generating and stably maintaining nanosecond laser to operate is needed, and how to form and operate pulses is crucial to the performance of the saturable absorber. On the other hand, the dispersion and nonlinearity in the mode-locked fiber laser cavity need to be regulated and controlled, and large-energy nanosecond laser is generated in a reasonable mode-locking mechanism.
As for the saturable absorber, the saturable absorber commonly used in the passive mode-locking fiber laser at present includes a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, a carbon nanotube, a metal and transition metal oxide nanomaterial, and various novel two-dimensional materials represented by graphene and black phosphorus. However, the saturable absorbers made of the materials generally have the problems of low damage threshold, performance degradation under long-term use, special process treatment required for full-fiber design and the like, and the application cost is increased while the mode-locking laser performance is influenced.
The dispersion in the mode-locked fiber laser cavity is regulated, large positive dispersion is introduced into the erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser, and then in the process of obtaining dissipative soliton pulses in the dispersion management cavity, the pulses are periodically widened and compressed in the cavity, so that the accumulation of peak power and nonlinear phase shift in the cavity can be effectively reduced. If large positive dispersion is introduced by using a dispersion compensation fiber in a laser cavity, the dispersion of the cavity can be improved, certain nonlinearity can be accumulated, and nanosecond laser generation is facilitated. At present, it is also reported that in an erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region, a fiber laser having a pulse width of less than ten nanoseconds is generated.
Based on the above idea, it is necessary to provide a saturable absorber device with high damage threshold, high stability and true full optical fiber for the start switch of high-energy nanosecond laser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region is of an annular cavity structure and comprises an optical platform, a semiconductor pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped quartz fiber, a polarization-independent isolator, a multimode fiber saturable absorber, a dispersion compensation fiber and an output coupler, wherein the wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped quartz fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the multimode fiber saturable absorber, the dispersion compensation fiber and the output coupler are sequentially formed into an optical loop; the erbium-doped quartz fiber is used for generating the number of reversed particles required by laser; the polarization-independent isolator is used for ensuring unidirectional laser operation in the optical loop, and the dispersion compensation optical fiber is used for adjusting dispersion parameters of a laser cavity; the output coupler is used for laser output and monitoring; one end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the other end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber is connected with the polarization-independent isolator; the semiconductor pump source couples pump laser into the erbium-doped quartz fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, stimulated radiation light of signal laser generated in the erbium-doped quartz fiber is amplified, oscillation is formed in the ring cavity, and laser is generated; the two optical platforms are movable, two ends of the saturable absorber of the multimode optical fiber with the step-change refractive index are respectively fixed on the two movable optical platforms, the curvature radius of the multimode optical fiber is adjusted, and then the optical field parameters in the multimode optical fiber are regulated and controlled.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention also provides the following optional technical scheme:
in one alternative: the semiconductor pump source, the wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped quartz fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the multimode fiber saturable absorber device with step-type change of refractive index, the dispersion compensation fiber and the output coupler are all welded by an optical fiber welding machine to form an all-fiber optical loop.
In one alternative: the splitting ratio of the direct output end of the output coupler to the coupling output end is 10, 90% of ports couple laser into the cavity for continuous transmission, and 10% of ports are laser acquisition ends.
In one alternative: the output wavelength of the semiconductor pump source is 976nm.
In one alternative: the working wavelengths of the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the polarization-independent isolator and the output coupler are all within the wave band range of 1500nm-1600 nm.
In one alternative: the dispersion compensating fiber has a length greater than 20m.
In one alternative: the multimode fiber saturable absorber is formed by respectively welding common single-mode fibers at two ends of a section of multimode fiber with step change refractive index and is used for modulating pulse laser.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a novel saturable absorber device for realizing a mode-locked fiber laser for an optical communication waveband.
2. The saturable absorber is a real full-fiber structure, is easy to manufacture, has high cost, high damage threshold and long service life, and can be suitable for the generation of large-energy pulse fiber laser. Compared with the saturable absorber of the graded-index multimode fiber, the optical fiber saturable absorber has longer self-focusing length, and the length of the multimode fiber is easier to control in the process of manufacturing the saturable absorber.
3. The invention provides an erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser working in a positive dispersion region for generating lower nanosecond-level pulse fiber laser. The practical development of the all-fiber, high-integration and high-stability erbium-doped nanosecond fiber laser is promoted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of saturable absorption curves for multimode fiber saturable absorber devices in accordance with an example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a spectrum of the output of a nanosecond dissipated soliton erbium doped fiber laser in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a pulse sequence diagram of a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium doped fiber laser in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a pulse width plot of a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium doped fiber laser in accordance with an example of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the rf spectrum of the output laser of a dissipative soliton erbium doped fiber laser in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Notations for reference numerals: the device comprises a semiconductor pump source 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, an erbium-doped quartz optical fiber 3, a polarization-independent isolator 4, a multimode optical fiber saturable absorber 5, an optical platform 6, an output coupler 8 and a dispersion compensation optical fiber 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; in the drawings or the description, the same reference numerals are used for similar or identical parts, and the shape, thickness or height of each part may be enlarged or reduced in practical use. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any obvious modifications or variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in a positive dispersion region is a ring cavity structure and comprises an optical platform 6, a semiconductor pump source 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2 sequentially forming an optical loop, an erbium-doped quartz fiber 3, a polarization-independent isolator 4, a multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 with step-type change of refractive index as a pulse modulation device, a dispersion compensation fiber 9 and an output coupler 8; the erbium-doped quartz fiber 3 is used for generating the number of reversed particles required by laser; the polarization-independent isolator 4 is used for ensuring unidirectional laser operation in the optical loop, and the dispersion compensation fiber 9 is used for adjusting dispersion parameters of a laser cavity; the output coupler 8 is used for laser output and monitoring; wherein, one end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber 3 is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, and the other end is connected with the polarization-independent isolator 4; the semiconductor pump source 1 couples pump laser into the gain medium-erbium-doped quartz fiber 3 through the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the stimulated radiation light of the signal laser generated in the erbium-doped quartz fiber 3 is amplified, oscillation is formed in the ring cavity, and laser is generated;
the optical platforms 6 are two and can move, two ends of the multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 with the step-change refractive index are respectively fixed on the two movable optical platforms 6, the curvature radius of the multimode fiber is adjusted, and then the optical field parameters in the multimode fiber are regulated and controlled.
The saturable absorption effect of the multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 with the step-type change of the refractive index is mainly based on the nonlinear multimode interference effect in the multimode fiber.
The working principle can be described as follows: when large-energy laser is incident into the multimode fiber, nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation can be generated in the multimode fiber, and further the equivalent refractive index is changed; the change in the equivalent refractive index will result in a difference in the self-focusing length at high peak power pulses in the multimode fiber compared to low peak power pulses. For a length of multimode fiber, a high peak power pulse can be self-focused at the core of a single mode fiber, while a low peak power laser enters the cladding of the single mode fiber and is attenuated. At this time, the multimode fiber exhibits certain saturable absorber characteristics;
the semiconductor pump source 1, the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the erbium-doped quartz fiber 3, the polarization-independent isolator 4, the multimode fiber saturable absorber device 5 with step-change refractive index, the dispersion compensation fiber 9 and the output coupler 8 are all welded by adopting a fiber welding machine to form an all-fiber optical loop;
the splitting ratio of the direct output end of the output coupler 8 to the coupling output end is 10.
The output wavelength of the semiconductor pump source 1 is 976nm.
The working wavelengths of the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the polarization-independent isolator 4 and the output coupler 8 are all within the wave band range of 1500nm-1600 nm; the length of the dispersion compensating fiber 9 is greater than 20m.
The multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 is formed by respectively welding common single mode fibers at two ends of a section of multimode fiber with step-change refractive index and is used for modulating pulse laser; the moving range of the optical platform 6 is larger than 2mm; wherein the length of the multimode optical fiber is (n + 1/2) × 1.03cm; the multimode fiber is modulated in a bending mode, a laser with output characteristics different from those of a conventional laser is formed, and further, the optical field is regulated and controlled, and laser with pulse output characteristics is formed.
In one embodiment, the semiconductor pump source 1 has a central wavelength of 976nm and the gain fiber has a length of 25cm. One end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber 3 is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, and the other end is connected with the polarization-independent isolator 4. The working center wavelength of the polarization independent isolator 4 is 1550nm, and the polarization independent isolator has the function of ensuring the unidirectional running of the laser in the cavity so as to maintain the stability of the laser. The isolation is greater than 20dB. The working center wavelength of the output coupler 8 is 1550nm, and the output coupling ratio is 90;
wherein, 10% port is as the laser output end, and 90% one end will continue to feed back laser back to the ring chamber.
The dispersion compensating fiber 9 is 35m; the multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 is disposed between the polarization-independent isolator 4 and the fiber output coupler 8, wherein the multimode fiber has a core size of 50 μm and a length of 3.60cm. Two ends of the multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 are respectively fixed on two optical platforms 6, one of the optical platforms is fixed, the other optical platform 6 can move, so that the bending radius of the multimode fiber is changed, the optical field parameters in the multimode fiber are regulated, and the regulation and control of the pulse laser are realized. The moving range of the optical platform is larger than 2mm;
testing
And measuring a saturable absorption curve of the multimode fiber, using a 1560nm femtosecond laser as a test light source, and measuring the modulation depth, saturation power density and non-saturation loss of the multimode fiber saturable absorber 5 by adjusting the output power of the 1560nm femtosecond laser. FIG. 2 shows that the modulation depth of the multi-mode fiber saturable absorber 5 is 37% and the saturation power density is 25.8MW/cm 2 Unsaturated loss of 19.8%;
when the power of the semiconductor pumping source 1 is 230mW, the output spectrum of the nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser is shown in figure 3, the center wavelength is 1558nm, and the 3dB bandwidth is 1.43nm; the output spectrum has obvious steepness, and the pulse has the characteristic of obvious soliton dissipation under positive dispersion mode locking;
as shown in fig. 4, the dissipative isolated mode-locked pulse operates in a relatively stable state with a pulse repetition frequency of 4.6MHz.
As shown in fig. 5, the single pulse width of the output of the dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser has a value of 6ns;
as shown in fig. 6, the radio frequency spectrum of the laser output by the dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser has a signal-to-noise ratio of pulse laser greater than 50dB, which indicates that the obtained nano laser has good stability.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser with a positive dispersion region is characterized in that the laser is of a ring cavity structure and comprises an optical platform, a semiconductor pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a multimode fiber saturable absorber with step-type change of refractive index as a pulse modulation device, and
the erbium-doped quartz fiber is used for generating the number of reversed particles required by laser;
the polarization-independent isolator is used for ensuring unidirectional operation of laser in the optical loop;
the dispersion compensation optical fiber is used for adjusting dispersion parameters of the laser cavity;
the output coupler is used for outputting laser and monitoring;
one end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber is connected with the common end of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the other end of the erbium-doped quartz fiber is connected with the polarization-independent isolator; the semiconductor pump source couples pump laser into the erbium-doped quartz fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, stimulated radiation light of signal laser generated in the erbium-doped quartz fiber is amplified, oscillation is formed in the ring cavity, and laser is generated;
the two optical platforms are movable, two ends of the saturable absorber of the multimode optical fiber with the step-change refractive index are respectively fixed on the two movable optical platforms, the curvature radius of the multimode optical fiber is adjusted, and then the optical field parameters in the multimode optical fiber are regulated and controlled.
2. The positive dispersion nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor pump source, the wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped silica fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the multimode fiber saturable absorber with step-change refractive index, the dispersion compensation fiber and the output coupler are all fused by an optical fiber fusion splicer to form an all-fiber optical loop.
3. The positive dispersion area nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the splitting ratio of the direct output end and the coupling output end of said output coupler is 10.
4. The positive dispersion region nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the output wavelength of the semiconductor pump source is 976nm.
5. The positive dispersion region nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser as claimed in claim 4, wherein the signal end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the polarization independent isolator and the output coupler all have working wavelengths in the 1500nm-1600nm band.
6. The positive dispersion region nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser according to claim 1, wherein the length of the dispersion compensating fiber is greater than 20m.
7. The nanosecond dissipative soliton erbium-doped fiber laser in the positive dispersion region as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saturable absorber of the multimode fiber is formed by respectively welding common single mode fibers at two ends of a section of multimode fiber with step-change refractive index, and is used for modulating pulse laser.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116454716A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-18 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Device and method for generating dispersion management soliton pulse |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116454716A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-18 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Device and method for generating dispersion management soliton pulse |
| CN116454716B (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-08-22 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Device and method for generating dispersion management soliton pulse |
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Application publication date: 20221104 |