CN115253627A - System and method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air - Google Patents
System and method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN115253627A CN115253627A CN202210932904.2A CN202210932904A CN115253627A CN 115253627 A CN115253627 A CN 115253627A CN 202210932904 A CN202210932904 A CN 202210932904A CN 115253627 A CN115253627 A CN 115253627A
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
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- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
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- C25B3/25—Reduction
- C25B3/26—Reduction of carbon dioxide
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- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air, wherein the system comprises an adsorption tower, a water tank and a water tank, wherein the adsorption tower is used for inputting air and alkaline solution to obtain alkalescent solution; the electrolytic cell stack is formed by periodically combining a plurality of electrolytic cell units; the cathode flow channel is used for introducing the alkalescent solution obtained by the adsorption tower as catholyte, and the anode flow channel is used for introducing an alkaline solution as anolyte; the cathode is loaded with a cathode catalyst and is used for decomposing carbon dioxide dissolved in catholyte to generate hydrogen and methanol; the anode is loaded with an anode catalyst and is used for decomposing water to generate oxygen; the pressure swing adsorption tower is used for separating, purifying and outputting hydrogen; and the distillation separation tower is used for separating, purifying and outputting the methanol. The system of the invention can reduce the entropy increase of the process and reduce the cost of digestion, calcination, carbon dioxide compression and transportation of the traditional air carbon dioxide capture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture and utilization, and particularly relates to a system and a method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air.
Background
The core of biological metabolism is the synthesis of functional molecules by storing and releasing energy through the conversion of carbon in different oxidation states; carbon oxidation is also central to human "industrial metabolism", such as the combustion of fuels to release energy and the conversion and storage of various carbon-containing functional molecules. In biological metabolism, photosynthetic carbon dioxide reduction balances respiratory carbon oxidation; in industrial metabolism, carbon reduction technology vacancies lead to unbalanced industrial carbon cycles compared to rapidly evolving carbon oxidation technologies. Imbalance of industrial carbon cycle has caused a great disturbance of earth carbon cycle, causing a series of climate environmental problems; according to the Paris climate protocol, atmospheric carbon dioxide should be maintained below 350ppm to limit global warming to a relatively safe level of 1.5 ℃ above that before human industrialization. However, by the beginning of 2020, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have exceeded 415ppm, making the carbon emission control task difficult; in order to realize the aim of 'double carbon', the complementary optimization of fossil energy and renewable energy is stably promoted, emission reduction is realized, and the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide are realized from the source.
The existing air carbon dioxide capturing technology is mainly divided into three types, namely alkaline solution capturing, amine solution capturing and solid adsorption capturing; the cost for capturing the air carbon dioxide is high due to the problems of expensive adsorption media, low carbon dioxide content in the air, complex system and the like. In addition, the traditional carbon dioxide sequestration technology, such as geological sequestration and the like, has the problems of economy, long-term safety, reliability and the like, and cannot be applied on a large scale.
Carbon dioxide is used as a new technology, energy yield and efficiency increase, chemical conversion synthesis and the like are realized while carbon dioxide emission is reduced, and the method is an emission reduction way with additional economic benefits. The method for preparing the organic compound and the fuel by using the carbon dioxide as the carbon source and utilizing the residual electric energy of the new energy is a sustainable method for promoting the consumption of the new energy, recycling the carbon dioxide and realizing the neutralization of the industrial carbon. However, the research on carbon dioxide electrocatalysis requires a high-purity carbon dioxide gas supply, and the high cost of carbon dioxide purification limits the industrial application of the technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a system and a method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air, so as to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems. The system of the invention can reduce the entropy increase of the process and reduce the cost of digestion, calcination, carbon dioxide compression and transportation of the traditional air carbon dioxide capture.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a system for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air, which comprises:
adsorption tower for inputting air and alkaline solution to generate
Reacting to obtain a weakly alkaline solution;
the electrolytic cell stack is formed by periodically combining a plurality of electrolytic cell units; each cell unit comprises: the combined current collecting plate is made of a conductive material and is used for providing a potential; the combined collector plate encloses a plurality of flow passages, and cathodes and anodes are arranged in the flow passages; a bipolar membrane is arranged between the cathode and the anode, the bipolar membrane is formed by pressing an anion selective membrane and a cation selective membrane (for example, explained, a catalyst such as Pt exists between the membranes or the catalyst is present to promote the dissociation of water), the cation selective membrane is opposite to the cathode, the anion selective membrane is opposite to the anode, a flow channel on the side provided with the cathode is a cathode flow channel, and a flow channel on the side provided with the anode is an anode flow channel; the cathode flow channel is used for introducing the alkalescent solution obtained by the adsorption tower as catholyte, and the anode flow channel is used for introducing an alkaline solution as anolyte; the cathode is loaded with a cathode catalyst and is used for decomposing carbon dioxide dissolved in catholyte to generate hydrogen and methanol; the anode is loaded with an anode catalyst and is used for decomposing water to generate oxygen;
the pressure swing adsorption tower is used for inputting the mixed gas output by the cathode flow channel, separating, purifying and outputting hydrogen;
and the distillation separation tower is used for inputting the mixed liquid output by the cathode flow channel, separating, purifying and outputting the methanol.
The invention is further improved in that the method also comprises the following steps:
an inlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber is communicated with an outlet of the anode runner, a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber is used for outputting oxygen obtained by separation, and a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber is used for outputting electrolyte obtained by separation;
the electrolyte is used as an alkaline solution to be fed to the adsorption tower.
The invention further improves the method and also comprises the following steps:
the gas storage tank is used for storing the hydrogen output by the pressure swing adsorption tower;
and the product liquid storage tank is used for storing the methanol output by the distillation separation tower.
A further improvement of the present invention resides in that the adsorption tower includes an adsorption tower main body;
the adsorption tower main body is sequentially provided with a liquid storage area, an air inlet, a filler area, a spraying area and an air outlet from bottom to top; the spraying area is used for spraying the alkaline solution in the form of tiny droplets; the filler zone is used for increasing the contact area and the contact time of the alkaline solution and air.
In a further development of the invention, the alkaline solution is a potassium hydroxide solution.
The invention is further improved in that the pH of the weak alkaline solution is 7.3-8.
The invention has the further improvement that a flow passage defined by the combined collector plates is in a snake shape, a staggered shape or a bionic corrugated shape.
The further improvement of the invention is that the cathode catalyst loaded on the cathode is a copper-based alloy nanoparticle catalyst; the anode catalyst loaded on the anode is a platinum and nickel nanoparticle catalyst.
A further improvement of the invention is that the temperature of the cell stack is maintained between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃.
The invention provides a method for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air, which is based on the system and comprises the following steps:
the adsorption tower inputs air and alkaline solution to generate
Reacting to obtain a weakly alkaline solution;
a cathode flow channel of an electrolytic cell unit in the electrolytic cell stack is filled with the alkalescent solution obtained by the adsorption tower to serve as catholyte, and an anode flow channel is filled with an alkaline solution to serve as anolyte; hydrolysis reaction
Generation of H + Transported to the cathode liquid through the cation selective membrane, and reacted in the cathode liquid
The generated carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide at the reaction active site of the cathode catalyst are subjected to direct electrolysis reaction CO 2(aq) +6e - +6H + →CH 3 OH+H 2 O; side reaction 2H of hydrogen evolution at cathode + +2e - →H 2 (ii) a The anode generates oxygen evolution reaction 4OH - -4e - →O 2 +2H 2 O；
Inputting the mixed gas output by the cathode flow channel into the pressure swing adsorption tower, separating, purifying and outputting hydrogen;
the mixed liquid output by the cathode flow passage is input into the distillation separation tower, and the methanol is separated, purified and output.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the air carbon dioxide capturing and utilizing system is coupled, based on the characteristic of bipolar membrane hydrolysis, the intermediate products (explanatory products including bicarbonate and the like) of the traditional air capturing technology are used as the carbon source of the carbon dioxide utilizing system instead of the high-purity gas-phase carbon dioxide of the traditional carbon dioxide utilizing system, so that the entropy increase of the process is reduced, and the cost of digestion, calcination, carbon dioxide compression and transportation of the traditional air carbon dioxide capturing is greatly reduced; the liquid phase reactant is used to replace the meteorological reactant, and the stability of the reaction is improved. In addition, the trapping and utilizing system is organically combined, so that the cost is reduced, the conversion efficiency is improved, the resource utilization of carbon dioxide and the stable storage of clean energy are realized, the social benefit and the recycling economic benefit are obvious, and the method can be widely applied to the field of carbon trapping and utilization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an air carbon dioxide capture utilization integrated system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption tower of an air carbon dioxide capture utilization integrated system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell stack of an air carbon dioxide capture utilization integration system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-an adsorption tower; 2-an alkaline liquid storage tank; 3-a gas-liquid separation chamber; 4-an electrolytic cell stack; 5-a pressure swing adsorption tower; 6-air storage tank; 7-a distillation separation column; 8-a product liquid storage tank;
1-1-air inlet; 1-2-a packing zone; 1-3-a spraying area; 1-4-air outlet; a 1-5-alkali solution conduit; 1-6-reservoir zone; 1-7 alkali-resistant water pumps; 1-8-solution inlet; 1-9-solution outlet;
3-1-merging collector plates; 3-2-cathode flow channel; 3-3-cathode; 3-4-bipolar membrane; 3-5-anode; 3-6-anode flow channel; 3-7-the inlet of the electrolytic cell stack; 3-8-outlet of electrolytic cell stack.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated system for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide from air according to an embodiment of the present invention; the air carbon dioxide capture and utilization integrated system comprises: the device comprises a trapping module and a conversion storage module.
The trapping module comprises an alkali-resistant liquid storage tank 2 and an adsorption tower 1; wherein, the alkaline liquid storage tank 2 is connected with solution inlets 1-8 of the adsorption tower and supplies alkaline adsorption solution;
referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of an adsorption tower of an integrated system for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide from air according to an embodiment of the present invention; in an embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption tower includes:
an air inlet 1-1, which is located at the lower end of the adsorption tower and blows air into the adsorption tower through a blower;
the filling area 1-2 is positioned at the lower end of the spraying area and is used for increasing the contact area and the contact time of the alkaline adsorption solution and air;
the spraying area 1-3 is positioned at the upper end of the packing area and used for spraying the alkaline adsorption solution to the lower end of the tower in a micro-droplet mode, so that the contact area of the alkaline adsorption solution and air is greatly increased;
an air outlet 1-4 at the upper end of the adsorption tower for discharging the adsorbed air;
an alkali solution pipeline 1-5 for transporting an alkali adsorption solution to the spraying area;
a liquid storage area 1-6, located at the bottom of the adsorption tower, for storing the adsorbed alkaline adsorption solution;
an alkali-resistant water pump 1-7 connected with the liquid storage area and the alkali solution pipeline for pumping the alkali adsorption solution;
a solution inlet 1-8, which is communicated with the liquid storage area and supplies alkaline adsorption solution;
and solution outlets 1-9 communicated with the electrolytic cell stack for supplying adsorption solution meeting the requirement.
The conversion storage module comprises a gas-liquid separation chamber 3, an electrolytic cell stack 4, a pressure swing adsorption tower 5, a gas storage tank 6, a distillation separation tower 7 and a product liquid storage tank 8; wherein, the electrolytic cell stack is formed by periodically combining a plurality of electrolytic cell units.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell stack of an integrated air carbon dioxide capture utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention; in an embodiment of the invention, an electrolytic cell unit comprises:
the combined collector plate 3-1 is made of conductive materials, and flow channels are arranged on two sides of the combined collector plate and used for providing electric potential;
a cathode flow passage 3-2, in which an alkaline adsorption solution adsorbed from the adsorption tower is filled to provide a reactant for the cathode and take away a cathode product;
a cathode 3-3, on which a cathode catalyst is loaded, for decomposing dissolved carbon dioxide in the cathode flow channel to generate products such as hydrogen and methanol;
bipolar membranes 3-4, which are formed by pressing and combining anion selective membranes and cation selective membranes, wherein the cation selective membranes are opposite to the cathode, and the anion selective membranes are opposite to the anode;
an anode 3-5 on which an anode catalyst is supported to decompose water to generate oxygen;
an anode flow channel 3-6, in which an alkaline solution supplied by an alkaline liquid storage tank flows to provide a reactant for the anode and take away an anode product;
3-7 of an electrolytic cell stack inlet, wherein the inlet is divided into a catholyte inlet and an anolyte inlet, the catholyte inlet is connected with the solution inlet of the adsorption tower, and the anolyte inlet is connected with the alkaline liquid storage tank;
and 3-8 parts of an outlet of the electrolytic cell stack, wherein the outlet is divided into a catholyte outlet and an anolyte outlet, the catholyte outlet is connected with the distillation separation tower, and the anolyte outlet is connected with the alkaline liquid storage tank.
The gas-liquid separation chamber 3 in the embodiment of the invention is connected with the anolyte outlet to separate oxygen in the anolyte from the electrolyte.
The pressure swing adsorption tower 5 in the embodiment of the invention is connected with the catholyte outlet to separate gas phase products such as hydrogen generated by the cathode.
The gas storage tank 6 in the embodiment of the invention is connected with the pressure swing adsorption tower 5 and stores the separated gas-phase product,
the distillation separation column 7 in the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the catholyte outlet, and distills and separates liquid phase products such as methanol from the electrolyzed carbon dioxide.
The product liquid storage tank 8 in the embodiment of the invention is connected with the distillation separation tower and stores the separated liquid phase product.
In the comprehensive system for capturing and utilizing air and carbon dioxide, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the alkaline adsorption solution stored in the alkaline liquid storage tank is a potassium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the solution can be 0.1-2M.
In addition, in order to further ensure that the cathode liquid of the electrolytic cell stack is potassium bicarbonate solution, the pH of the alkaline adsorption solution in the liquid storage area of the adsorption tower supplied to the electrolytic cell stack can be reduced to 7.3-8.
In the embodiment of the invention, the packing of the packing area of the adsorption tower is alkali-resistant square, hexagonal or alternate packing plates.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electrolytic cell stacking and collecting plate is made of corrosion-resistant conductive materials such as graphite, titanium plates and the like, and the upper runner of the electrolytic cell stacking and collecting plate can be in a snake shape, a staggered shape or a bionic corrugated shape.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cathode of the electrolytic cell stack is a carbon fiber felt loaded with Cu monatomic, cu-Co bimetallic monatomic, cuPd or CuSe and other copper-based alloy nanoparticle catalysts, and the anode of the electrolytic cell stack is a carbon fiber felt loaded with platinum, nickel and other nanoparticle catalysts.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to promote the reaction, the temperature of the electrolytic cell stack is maintained at 40-70 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electric energy of the electrolytic cell stack is supplied to clean energy such as photoelectricity, wind power, hydropower and the like.
The air and carbon dioxide capturing and utilizing system provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a controller for controlling the capturing module and the conversion storage module to operate, wherein the controller comprises a general processor, a digital signal processor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and the controller comprises a memory, and the memory comprises one or more of a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a flash memory or an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM).
The embodiment of the invention provides a capturing and utilizing method of an air carbon dioxide capturing and utilizing system, which comprises the following steps:
air is blown into the adsorption tower through the blower, carbon dioxide in the air and alkaline solution sprayed in the adsorption tower and provided by the alkaline liquid storage tank react as follows:
the alkaline solution and air are fully reacted to obtain alkalescent solution rich in bicarbonate radical ions, the alkalescent solution and the alkaline solution in the alkaline liquid storage tank are respectively used as catholyte and anolyte to be supplied to an electrolytic cell stack, a bipolar membrane is subjected to hydrolysis reaction in the electrolytic cell stack,
wherein H + Transported to the cathode liquid through the cation selective membrane, and reacted in the cathode liquid,
the generated carbon dioxide and the reactive site of the cathode catalyst are subjected to carbon dioxide direct electrolysis reaction: CO 2 2(aq) +6e - +6H + →CH 3 OH+H 2 O；
The cathode also undergoes hydrogen evolution side reactions: 2H + +2e - →H 2 (ii) a On the anode side, oxygen evolution reaction occurs: 4OH - -4e - →O 2 +2H 2 O；
At the outlet of the electrolytic cell stack, the anolyte outlet is connected with the gas-liquid separation chamber, oxygen is separated from the electrolyte, the oxygen is stored or discharged, and the electrolyte is supplemented to the alkaline liquid storage tank. The mixed gas at the catholyte outlet is connected with the pressure swing adsorption tower and used for separating and purifying hydrogen, the mixed liquid is connected with the distillation separation tower and used for separating and purifying methanol, and the hydrogen and the methanol are respectively stored in the gas storage tank and the product liquid storage tank.
The comprehensive system for capturing and utilizing the carbon dioxide in the air can realize the high-efficiency capturing and conversion of the carbon dioxide in the air. Compared with the traditional carbon dioxide alkaline solution trapping system, the system has a simple structure, does not have the digestion and calcination processes, and avoids the cost and the loss of carbon dioxide caused by the digestion and calcination processes. Compared with a carbon dioxide electrolysis system, the cathode of the carbon dioxide electrolysis cell only supplies solution, carbon dioxide gas does not need to be introduced, and the carbon dioxide purification process is greatly simplified. The purification and reaction of the carbon dioxide are respectively arranged near the bipolar membrane and the cathode, so that the cost of purification and transportation of the carbon dioxide is reduced. In addition, the bipolar membrane has good ion barrier property, avoids the crossing of anode and cathode products, reduces the consumption and pollution of the alkaline solution on the anode side, and realizes the recycling of the alkaline solution on the anode side. The organic coupling of the capture system and the utilization system realizes the resource utilization of carbon dioxide, realizes the stable storage of new energy electric energy, reduces the light and wind abandoning rate of a new energy power plant, and realizes the purpose of carbon reduction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air, comprising:
an adsorption column (1) for the input of air and alkaline solution, generating
Reacting to obtain a weakly alkaline solution;
the electrolytic cell stack (4), the electrolytic cell stack (4) is formed by periodically combining a plurality of electrolytic cell units; each cell unit comprises: the combined current collecting plate (3-1), the material of the combined current collecting plate (3-1) is a conductive material, and is used for providing electric potential; the combined collector plate (3-1) is enclosed into a plurality of flow channels, and cathodes (3-3) and anodes (3-5) are arranged in the flow channels; a bipolar membrane (3-4) is arranged between the cathode (3-3) and the anode (3-5), the bipolar membrane (3-4) is formed by laminating an anion selective membrane and a cation selective membrane, the cation selective membrane is opposite to the cathode (3-3), the anion selective membrane is opposite to the anode (3-5), a flow channel at one side provided with the cathode (3-3) is a cathode flow channel (3-2), and a flow channel at one side provided with the anode (3-5) is an anode flow channel (3-6); the cathode flow channel (3-2) is used for introducing the weak alkaline solution obtained by the adsorption tower (1) as catholyte, and the anode flow channel (3-6) is used for introducing an alkaline solution as anolyte; the cathode (3-3) is loaded with a cathode catalyst and is used for decomposing carbon dioxide dissolved in catholyte to generate hydrogen and methanol; the anode (3-5) is loaded with an anode catalyst and is used for decomposing water to generate oxygen;
the pressure swing adsorption tower (5) is used for inputting the mixed gas output by the cathode flow channel, separating, purifying and outputting hydrogen;
and the distillation separation tower (7) is used for inputting the mixed liquid output by the cathode flow channel, separating, purifying and outputting the methanol.
2. The system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, further comprising:
the inlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber (3) is communicated with the outlet of the anode runner, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber (3) is used for outputting oxygen obtained by separation, and the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation chamber (3) is used for outputting electrolyte obtained by separation;
the electrolyte is used as an alkaline solution fed to the adsorption column (1).
3. The system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, further comprising:
the gas storage tank (6) is used for storing the hydrogen output by the pressure swing adsorption tower (5);
and the product liquid storage tank (8) is used for storing the methanol output by the distillation separation tower (7).
4. The system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption tower (1) comprises an adsorption tower body;
the adsorption tower main body is sequentially provided with a liquid storage area (1-6), an air inlet (1-1), a filler area (1-2), a spraying area (1-3) and an air outlet (1-4) from bottom to top; wherein the spraying area (1-3) is used for spraying the alkaline solution in the form of tiny droplets; the packing region (1-2) is used for increasing the contact area and the contact time of the alkaline solution and air.
5. The system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution is a potassium hydroxide solution.
6. The system for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in the air as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH of the weak alkaline solution is 7.3-8.
7. The system for capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in air as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow channel enclosed by the combining and collecting plate (3-1) is serpentine, staggered or bionic corrugated.
8. The system for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode catalyst supported by the cathode (3-3) is a copper-based alloy nanoparticle catalyst; the anode catalyst loaded on the anode (3-5) is a platinum and nickel nanoparticle catalyst.
9. The system for capture and utilization of carbon dioxide in air according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the electrolytic cell stack (4) is maintained at 40-70 ℃.
10. A method for capture utilization of carbon dioxide in air, based on the system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the adsorption tower (1) inputs air and alkaline solution to generate
Reacting to obtain a weakly alkaline solution;
a cathode flow channel of an electrolytic cell unit in the electrolytic cell stack (4) is filled with the alkalescent solution obtained by the adsorption tower (1) to be used as catholyte, and an anode flow channel is filled with an alkaline solution to be used as anolyte; hydrolysis reaction
Generation of H + Transported to the cathode liquid through the cation selective membrane, and reacted in the cathode liquid
The generated carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide at the reaction active site of the cathode catalyst are subjected to direct electrolysis reaction CO 2(aq) +6e - +6H + →CH 3 OH+H 2 O; side reaction 2H of hydrogen evolution at cathode + +2e - →H 2 (ii) a The anode generates oxygen evolution reaction 4OH - -4e - →O 2 +2H 2 O；
The pressure swing adsorption tower (5) inputs the mixed gas output by the cathode flow channel, separates, purifies and outputs hydrogen;
the distillation separation tower (7) inputs the mixed liquid output by the cathode flow passage, and the methanol is separated, purified and output.
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| CN115725989A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-03 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Universal CO 2 /CO electrocatalysis device |
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