CN115256796B - Forming process of basalt fiber composite material - Google Patents
Forming process of basalt fiber composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115256796B CN115256796B CN202211178190.7A CN202211178190A CN115256796B CN 115256796 B CN115256796 B CN 115256796B CN 202211178190 A CN202211178190 A CN 202211178190A CN 115256796 B CN115256796 B CN 115256796B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molding process of a basalt fiber composite material, belonging to the technical field of injection molding, and the molding process comprises the following steps: preparing a prefabricated injection molding part with a through hole; impregnating a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers in glue solution, compounding, cooling and shaping to obtain a solidified fiber bundle; placing the prefabricated injection molding part in a composite mold; cutting the solidified fiber bundle to make the length of the solidified fiber bundle be identical to the depth of the through hole, and making the solidified fiber bundle enter the through hole from one side of the composite die; the thermoplastic resin particles are melted by an extruder and injected into the through hole from the other side of the composite die for injection and die filling; and (3) maintaining the pressure and heating to melt the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle in situ, and the basalt fiber composite material is formed by being compatible with the thermoplastic resin, cooled and integrally formed. According to the molding process, the solidified fiber bundles are placed in the through holes of the prefabricated injection molding parts and connected through the thermoplastic resin to be integrally molded into the basalt fiber composite material, so that the mechanical property of the thermoplastic resin is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of injection molding, in particular to a molding process of a basalt fiber composite material.
Background
The thermoplastic resin has the advantages of easy processing, recycling, high toughness and the like, but the performances such as strength, modulus and the like of the thermoplastic resin do not meet the requirements under some use environments, so the mechanical property of the thermoplastic resin needs to be enhanced and modified. The basalt fiber has excellent mechanical property and higher chemical medium resistance, can be used in a wider temperature range, and the excellent property can enhance thermoplastic resin, so that a novel light high-strength recyclable basalt fiber composite material is obtained.
Most of the existing basalt fiber composite materials are formed by directly injecting and molding resin materials and fiber materials. The process method is simple to operate and low in manufacturing cost, but in the injection molding process, the continuous flexible fiber material is easy to deform under the impact of the resin material, so that the product quality is uncontrollable in the production process, the product performance of the composite material is reduced, the product design freedom is low, and the requirements under complex environments cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a molding process of a basalt fiber composite material, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a prefabricated injection molding part with a through hole, wherein the prefabricated injection molding part is a prefabricated part, has controllable size, controllable quality and uniform material, can be arranged according to actual needs, and has the advantage of high design freedom degree; a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers are subjected to gum dipping, compounding and cooling shaping to form solidified fiber bundles, and after the solidified fiber bundles are placed in the through holes, thermoplastic resin is injected into the through holes, so that the fibers are not easy to deform; and finally, in-situ melting the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle by pressure maintaining and heating, respectively enabling the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle to be compatible with the thermoplastic resin, cooling, and integrally forming the basalt fiber composite material, optimizing a material composite structure, and improving the bearing and deformation resistance capacity, so that the overall performance of the composite material is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a forming process of a basalt fiber composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a prefabricated injection molding part with a through hole;
step S2, after dipping a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers in glue solution, compounding, cooling and shaping to obtain a solidified fiber bundle;
s3, placing the prefabricated injection molding part in a composite mold; cutting the solidified fiber bundle to make the length of the solidified fiber bundle be identical to the depth of the through hole, and making the solidified fiber bundle enter the through hole from one side of the composite die; the thermoplastic resin particles are melted by an extruder and injected into the through hole from the other side of the composite die for injection and die filling;
and S4, maintaining pressure and heating to enable the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle to be in-situ molten, compatible with the thermoplastic resin, cooling and integrally forming the basalt fiber composite material.
In the molding process of the basalt fiber composite material disclosed in the present application, in the step S1, the prefabricated injection molded part having the through hole is manufactured by an integral molding process.
In the molding process of the basalt fiber composite material disclosed by the application, the preparation method of the prefabricated injection molding part comprises the following steps:
step S11, adding the chopped basalt fibers into the modified nanoparticle slurry, stirring, mixing and drying to obtain modified chopped basalt fibers;
and S12, mixing the thermoplastic resin particles and the modified chopped basalt fibers, carrying out melt co-extrusion, injecting into a prefabricated injection molding part mold, and cooling and molding to obtain the prefabricated injection molding part.
In the forming process of the basalt fiber composite material disclosed in the present application, in the step S11, the modified nanoparticle slurry uses an organic solution of a thermoplastic resin as a sizing agent, and uses nano-silica as a filler.
In the molding process of the basalt fiber composite material, the number of the through holes of the prefabricated injection molding part is not less than 1.
In the basalt fiber composite material molding process disclosed in the present application, the cross-sectional shape of the through-hole is circular or polygonal.
In the basalt fiber composite material forming process disclosed by the application, the solidified fiber bundle is formed by splicing a plurality of parallel continuous basalt fibers.
In the forming process of the basalt fiber composite material, the area of the radial section of the cured fiber bundle is s1, the area of the cross section of the through hole is s2, and the value range of s1/s2 is 0.3-0.8.
In the forming process of the basalt fiber composite material disclosed by the application, in the step S2, the glue solution is a thermoplastic resin melt solution added with nano silica.
In the basalt fiber composite material molding process disclosed by the application, in the step S3, a mold cavity of the composite mold is matched with the outer surface profile of the prefabricated injection molding part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a basalt fiber composite material forming process, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a prefabricated injection molding part with a through hole, then according to the size of the through hole, carrying out gum dipping, compounding, cooling and shaping and cutting a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers into solidified fiber bundles, putting the solidified fiber bundles into the through hole, melting thermoplastic resin particles through an extruder and injecting the thermoplastic resin particles into the through hole, finally carrying out in-situ melting on the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundles through pressure maintaining and heating, respectively enabling the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundles to be compatible with thermoplastic resin, forming an integrated structure, and carrying out cooling and forming to obtain the basalt fiber composite material. This prefabricated injection molding is the prefab, and its shape and material can be adjusted in a flexible way, and the perforating hole also can set up according to actual need, has the advantage that the design degree of freedom is high to its size is controllable, the quality is controllable, the material is even, is favorable to the production of mill's modulization, improves production efficiency. The cured basalt fiber is not easy to deform due to the impact of the resin, the mechanical property of the continuous basalt fiber can be exerted to the maximum extent, the structure of the resin material is optimized, and the bearing and deformation resistance of the thermoplastic resin are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a basalt fiber composite material molding process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a molding structure of the basalt fiber composite material;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the through hole.
Reference numerals:
1. compounding the mold; 2. prefabricating an injection molding piece; 3. a through hole; 4. curing the fiber bundle; 5. an extruder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not limiting of the application. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1~3, an embodiment of the application provides a molding process of a basalt fiber composite material, and mainly aims to solve the problems that the product quality is uncontrollable, the product design freedom is low, the requirements under complex environments cannot be met and the like in the production process of the existing basalt fiber composite material.
The forming process of the basalt fiber composite material disclosed by the application comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a prefabricated injection molding part 2 with a through hole 3.
And S2, dipping a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers in glue solution, compounding, cooling and shaping to obtain a solidified fiber bundle 4.
S3, placing the prefabricated injection molding part 2 in the composite mold 1; cutting the solidified fiber bundle 4 to make the length of the solidified fiber bundle be equal to the depth of the through hole 3, and enabling the solidified fiber bundle to enter the through hole 3 from one side of the composite die 1; the thermoplastic resin pellets are melted by an extruder 5 and injected into the through-hole 3 from the other side of the composite mold 1, and the mold is filled by injection.
And S4, maintaining pressure and heating to melt the prefabricated injection molding part 2 and the solidified fiber bundle 4 in situ, and the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle are compatible with the thermoplastic resin, cooled and integrally formed into the basalt fiber composite material.
The through holes 3 of the prefabricated injection molding part 2 can be longitudinally, transversely and obliquely arranged, the through holes 3 in different directions can reinforce different parts of the prefabricated injection molding part 2, and the prefabricated injection molding part has the advantage of high design freedom; meanwhile, the prefabricated injection molding part 2 is placed in the composite mold 1, the through hole 3 can also be placed in the longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the oblique direction, the solidified fiber bundle 4 and the resin can enter from the same end of the through hole 3 or can enter from two ends respectively, and preferably, the solidified fiber bundle 4 and the resin enter from two ends of the through hole 3 respectively.
The prefabricated injection molding 2 of this application is the prefab, and its shape and material can be adjusted in a flexible way, and perforating hole 3 also can set up according to actual need, has the advantage that the design degree of freedom is high to its size is controllable, the quality is controllable, the material is even, is favorable to the production of mill modulization, improves production efficiency.
Because the continuous basalt fibers are flexible fiber materials, the continuous basalt fibers are easy to deform under the impact of resin materials in the injection molding process, and the mechanical properties of the continuous fibers cannot be fully exerted, so that the performance of the composite material product is reduced, the continuous basalt fibers are compounded, cooled and shaped after being dipped in glue solution, and the hard solidified fiber bundle 4 is obtained; after the solidified fiber bundles 4 are placed in the through holes 3 of the prefabricated injection molding part 2, the thermoplastic resin is injected into the through holes 3 again, the solidified basalt fibers are not easy to deform due to the impact of the resin, the mechanical property of the continuous basalt fibers can be exerted to the maximum extent, and the structure of the resin material is optimized.
And connecting the cured fiber bundles 4 placed in the through holes 3 with the prefabricated injection molding part 2 through thermoplastic resin, carrying out in-situ melting on the prefabricated injection molding part 2 and the cured fiber bundles 4 through pressure maintaining and heating, respectively compatible with the thermoplastic resin to form an integral structure, and then cooling and forming to obtain the basalt fiber composite material. The basalt fiber composite material can fully exert the mechanical property of continuous basalt fibers, and improve the bearing and anti-deformation capacity of thermoplastic resin.
In one embodiment, in step S1, the preliminary injection molded part 2 having the through-hole 3 is manufactured through an integral molding process.
Specifically, the preparation method of the prefabricated injection molding part 2 comprises the following steps:
and S11, adding the chopped basalt fiber into the modified nanoparticle slurry, stirring, mixing and drying to obtain the modified chopped basalt fiber.
And S12, mixing the thermoplastic resin particles and the modified chopped basalt fibers, performing melt co-extrusion, injecting the mixture into a prefabricated injection molding piece mold, and cooling and molding to obtain the prefabricated injection molding piece 2.
The short-cut basalt fiber is modified by the modified nano particle slurry so as to increase the surface roughness and chemical reaction activity of the short-cut basalt fiber and improve the bonding degree of the fiber and a resin material.
Specifically, the modified nanoparticle slurry takes an organic solution of thermoplastic resin as a sizing agent and takes nano-silica as a filler. Wherein the organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, nitrogen methyl pyrrolidone and the combination of a plurality of materials.
The modified chopped basalt fibers and the thermoplastic resin have stronger bonding strength, the mechanical property of the thermoplastic resin is improved, and the impact resistance of the prefabricated injection molding part 2 is improved. And according to the actual situation, the continuous basalt fiber composite fiber bundle is added into the through hole 3 of the prefabricated injection molding part 2, so that the impact resistance and the bending performance of the composite material are further improved.
After the modified chopped basalt fibers and the thermoplastic resin particles are mixed, the mixture is melted and extruded, and the obtained prefabricated injection molding part material is uniform and controllable in quality, and can be added according to different proportions so as to meet the requirements under the complex environment.
In one embodiment, the preformed injection molded part 2 has not less than 1 through-hole 3. Specifically, the number of the through holes 3 of the precast injection molded part 2 may be 1, 2, 3, 5, etc., and the through holes may be set according to the mechanical properties actually required by the composite material, that is, the mechanical properties of the composite material may be controllable by setting different numbers or different positions of the through holes 3.
In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the through-hole 3 is circular or polygonal. The polygon has a triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, etc. The cross-sectional shape of the through-hole 3 is optimized to be a regular shape, so that the solidified fiber bundles 4 can enter the through-hole, and the thermoplastic resin can be uniformly distributed in the through-hole 3 and can be compatible with the pre-injection molded part 2 and the solidified fiber bundles 4.
In one embodiment, the solidified fiber bundle 4 is formed by splicing a plurality of parallel continuous basalt fibers, so that the soaking speed of the resin is ensured, and the performance of the composite material is improved.
In one embodiment, the area of the radial section of the cured fiber bundle 4 is s1, the area of the cross section of the through hole 3 is s2, and the value range of s1/s2 is 0.3 to 0.8. Specifically, the value range of s1/s2 can be 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and enough space is reserved for injecting thermoplastic resin while ensuring that the solidified fiber bundle 4 can enter the through hole 3, so that the thermoplastic resin connects the solidified fiber bundle 4 with the pre-injection molding part 2 to be integrally molded.
In one embodiment, in step S2, the glue solution is a thermoplastic resin melt with nano-silica. The nano silicon dioxide can increase the roughness and the chemical reaction activity of the surface of the basalt fiber, and improve the bonding degree of the fiber and the thermoplastic resin so as to improve the mechanical property of the composite material. The thermoplastic resin melt is used as glue solution, so that the thermoplastic resin melt is convenient to be compatible with the prefabricated injection molding part 2 and the thermoplastic resin in the follow-up process to form an integral structure.
In one embodiment, in step S3, the mold cavity of the composite mold 1 is adapted to the outer surface profile of the pre-cast injection molded part 2. The mold cavity is matched with the outer surface profile of the prefabricated injection molding part 2, the prefabricated injection molding part 2 is placed in the mold cavity, the position of the through hole 3 is relatively fixed, the solidified fiber bundle 4 and the thermoplastic resin can conveniently enter, and meanwhile, the prefabricated injection molding part 2, the solidified fiber bundle 4 and the thermoplastic resin can be integrally molded.
In a specific embodiment, taking Polyethylene (PE) as an example, polyethylene resin particles and modified chopped basalt fibers are mixed, melted and co-extruded, injected into a prefabricated injection molding part mold, and cooled and molded to obtain a prefabricated injection molding part 2 with a longitudinal through hole 3; a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers pass through the molten polyethylene resin, the polyethylene resin is adhered to the surface of the fibers, and the solidified fiber bundle 4 is obtained through compounding, cooling and shaping; referring to fig. 2, the pre-made injection molding member 2 is placed in the composite mold 1, the solidified fiber bundle 4 is cut to have a length equal to the depth of the through hole 3, and enters the through hole 3 from the upper side of the composite mold 1; melting polyethylene resin particles through an extruder 5, injecting the melted polyethylene resin particles into the through hole 3 from the lower side of the composite die 1, and injecting and filling the die; and (3) carrying out pressure maintaining and heating to melt the prefabricated injection molding part 2 and the solidified fiber bundle 4 in situ, and the basalt fiber composite material is formed integrally after the basalt fiber composite material is compatible with the polyethylene resin and cooled.
The embodiment of the application provides a basalt fiber composite material forming process, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a prefabricated injection molding part 2 with a through hole 3, then dipping, compounding, cooling and shaping a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers according to the size of the through hole 3, cutting the continuous basalt fibers into a solidified fiber bundle 4, putting the solidified fiber bundle 4 into the through hole 3, melting thermoplastic resin particles through an extruder 5, injecting the thermoplastic resin particles into the through hole 3, finally melting the prefabricated injection molding part 2 and the solidified fiber bundle 4 in situ through pressure maintaining and heating, respectively enabling the molten thermoplastic resin particles to be compatible with the thermoplastic resin, forming an integral structure, and then cooling and forming to obtain the basalt fiber composite material. This prefabricated injection molding 2 is the prefab, and its shape and material can be adjusted in a flexible way, and perforating hole 3 also can set up according to actual need, has the advantage that the design degree of freedom is high to its size is controllable, the quality is controllable, the material is even, is favorable to the production of mill's modulization, improves production efficiency. The cured basalt fiber is not easy to deform due to the impact of resin, the mechanical property of the continuous basalt fiber can be exerted to the maximum extent, the structure of a resin material is optimized, and the bearing capacity and the deformation resistance of thermoplastic resin are improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A molding process of a basalt fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a prefabricated injection molding part with a through hole through an integral molding process; adding the chopped basalt fiber into the modified nanoparticle slurry, stirring, mixing and drying to obtain modified chopped basalt fiber; mixing the thermoplastic resin particles and the modified chopped basalt fibers, melting and co-extruding, injecting into a prefabricated injection molding part mold, and cooling and molding to obtain a prefabricated injection molding part; the through holes can be arranged in different directions, and the through holes in different directions can reinforce different parts of the prefabricated injection molding part;
s2, impregnating a plurality of strands of continuous basalt fibers in glue solution, compounding, cooling and shaping to obtain a solidified fiber bundle;
s3, placing the prefabricated injection molding part in a composite mold; cutting the solidified fiber bundle to make the length of the solidified fiber bundle be identical to the depth of the through hole, and making the solidified fiber bundle enter the through hole from one side of the composite die; the thermoplastic resin particles are melted by an extruder and injected into the through hole from the other side of the composite die for injection and die filling;
and S4, maintaining pressure and heating to melt the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle in situ, and the prefabricated injection molding part and the solidified fiber bundle are compatible with the thermoplastic resin, and then cooling and integrally forming the basalt fiber composite material.
2. The basalt fiber composite molding process according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the modified nanoparticle slurry is prepared by using an organic solution of a thermoplastic resin as a sizing agent, and using nano-silica as a filler.
3. The basalt fiber composite molding process according to claim 1, wherein the number of the through holes of the pre-injection molded part is not less than 1.
4. The molding process of basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein a cross sectional shape of the through hole is circular or polygonal.
5. The basalt fiber composite molding process of claim 1, wherein the consolidated fiber bundle is assembled from a plurality of parallel continuous basalt fibers.
6. The molding process of the basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein an area of a radial cross section of the solidified fiber bundle is s1, an area of a cross section of the through hole is s2, and a value range of s1/s2 is from 0.3 to 0.8.
7. The basalt fiber composite molding process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the glue solution is a thermoplastic resin melt solution added with nano silica.
8. The basalt fiber composite molding process according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the mold cavity of the composite mold is adapted to the outer surface profile of the pre-cast injection molded part.
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| CN115849836B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-08-11 | 中科华坤(北京)科技有限公司 | Fiber reinforced cement concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115991596B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-11-14 | 聊城大学 | Bionic ceramic/continuous fiber composite material with high strength and high toughness and preparation method thereof |
| CN116001189B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-10-20 | 达州增美玄武岩纤维科技有限公司 | Injection molding process of basalt fiber composite material |
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