CN115227419A - Laser oscillation washing equipment and method - Google Patents
Laser oscillation washing equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 210000004262 dental pulp cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004746 tooth root Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000024216 Periapical disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000008312 Tooth Loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
- A61C5/40—Implements for surgical treatment of the roots or nerves of the teeth; Nerve needles; Methods or instruments for medication of the roots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
- A61C17/02—Rinsing or air-blowing devices, e.g. using fluid jets or comprising liquid medication
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0624—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment for eliminating microbes, germs, bacteria on or in the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
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Abstract
The invention provides laser oscillation washing equipment and a laser oscillation washing method, and relates to the field of medical equipment. The equipment is used for swinging a root canal of an irrigated tooth or a dental pulp cavity and comprises a laser, a laser conduction device and a sleeve, wherein the laser is connected with the input end of the laser conduction device, and the energy of pulse laser generated by the laser and emitted by the laser conduction device is higher than the minimum energy of bubbles generated by vaporization of liquid irradiated by the pulse laser; the output end of the laser conduction device is positioned in the sleeve, and a set distance is reserved between the end face of the output end of the laser conduction device and the outlet of the sleeve. When the device is used, high-speed micro-jet flow can be formed, the washing force is high, and the device has directivity, so that the washing effect is good. If the same oscillation washing effect as the prior art is achieved, the energy of the pulse laser required by the laser oscillation washing equipment is relatively low, the requirements on a laser and a laser transmission device are relatively low, and further the cost can be reduced. In addition, use this equipment, it is low with the noise to swing the temperature of washing, and it is good to swing the experience of washing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to laser oscillation washing equipment and a laser oscillation washing method.
Background
Endodontic and periapical diseases are one of the common diseases in stomatology, and are the leading causes of tooth loss of patients. Root canal therapy is the first choice for endodontic and periapical disease, and its core content is to thoroughly clean inflammatory pulp, necrosis and infectious material in the root canal system.
The pulse laser can activate the flushing liquid such as sodium hypochlorite solution or normal saline in the dental pulp cavity or the root canal, so that the flushing liquid generates a strong fluid field in the root canal system to flush and wash the inner wall of the root canal and efficiently kill microorganisms in the root canal. However, in the laser oscillation washing device in the prior art, in order to ensure the oscillation washing effect, a laser with a longer wavelength is generally adopted, for example: the laser with the wavelength of 2.94 μm must be transmitted to the treatment site by using the light guide arm to transmit the laser energy, and the cost of the laser is high regardless of the laser or the light guide arm, that is, the cost of the laser oscillation washing equipment in the prior art is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser oscillation washing device, which is used for solving the technical problem that the cost of the laser oscillation washing device in the prior art is high.
The invention provides a laser oscillation washing device which is used for oscillating and washing root canals or dental pulp cavities and is characterized by comprising a laser, a laser conduction device and a sleeve, wherein the laser is connected with the input end of the laser conduction device; the output end of the laser conduction device is positioned in the sleeve, and a set distance is reserved between the end face of the output end of the laser conduction device and the outlet of the sleeve.
The laser oscillation washing equipment provided by the invention can produce the following beneficial effects:
when the laser oscillation washing equipment provided by the invention is used, the pulse laser generated by the laser is transmitted by the laser conduction device, and after the pulse laser is emitted from the output end of the laser conduction device, because the energy of the pulse laser generated by the laser and emitted by the laser conduction device is higher than the minimum energy of bubbles generated by the vaporization of the liquid irradiated by the pulse laser, a part of liquid (such as sodium hypochlorite solution or physiological saline) in the cannula can be vaporized in a short time after being irradiated by the pulse laser and absorbing the energy of the pulse laser, bubbles can be generated, and the liquid in the cannula can be pushed to be sprayed out under the expansion action to form high-speed micro-jet flow, so that the oscillation washing is carried out on a target area in a dental pulp cavity or a dental root canal. Wherein, the microjet is sprayed out from the outlet of the sleeve at a high speed, so that the swinging washing force is high, and the swinging washing effect is good; in addition, the micro-jet flow is sprayed out from the outlet of the sleeve and has directivity, so that the swinging and washing precision is high, and the swinging and washing effect on the target area can be further improved. Therefore, if the same oscillation washing effect as the prior art is achieved, the energy of the pulse laser required by the laser oscillation washing device provided by the invention is lower, the requirements on a laser and a laser transmission device are correspondingly lower, and the cost can be further reduced. In addition, the energy of the pulse laser is low, the washing temperature and the washing noise are relatively low, and therefore the washing experience of a patient can be improved.
Further, the laser conduction device is an optical fiber.
Under this technical scheme, adopt optic fibre to carry out laser energy conduction, convenient, with low costs of drawing materials, and optic fibre is small, is favorable to reducing whole volume, the occupation space of washing equipment that sways, also convenient operation.
Further, the outer diameter of the optical fiber ranges from 0.1mm to 1.8mm, for example: and may be 0.13mm, 0.25mm, 0.33mm, 0.45mm, 0.65mm, 0.88mm, etc., and the inner diameter of the ferrule is 1 to 2 times the outer diameter of the optical fiber.
Further, the laser is a thulium fiber pulse laser or a fiber coupling output Nd: YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser.
According to the technical scheme, the laser wavelength generated by the thulium optical fiber pulse laser is in the range of 1900nm to 2100nm (the typical value is 1940 nm), the laser wavelength generated by the Nd: YAG laser is in the range of 1030nm to 1100nm (the typical value is 1064 nm), the two lasers are small in size, the generated lasers are proper in energy level and can be conducted through the optical fiber, the absorption rate of the optical fiber to the lasers is low, the energy transmission loss is small, the absorption coefficient of water to the lasers is high, and the utilization rate of the energy is high.
Further, the set distance is equal to or greater than a maximum diameter of a bubble generated by vaporization of the liquid in the sleeve.
Further, the set distance is 1 to 10 times, preferably, 1.5 to 3 times, the maximum diameter of the bubble generated by vaporization of the liquid in the sleeve.
Further, the maximum diameter of the bubble generated by vaporization of the liquid in the casing is 0.01mm to 1.2mm, and the set distance is 0.01mm to 12mm.
Further, the sleeve is a stainless steel pipe, or a transparent hard pipe, or a hose.
Under this technical scheme, the sleeve pipe can be stainless steel pipe, also can be transparent hard tube, for example: glass tubes, but also hoses, for example: the silica gel tube has the advantages of wide material selection range of the sleeve, convenient material acquisition and low cost.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a laser oscillation washing method to solve the technical problem of high cost of the laser oscillation washing equipment in the prior art.
The laser oscillation washing method is used for oscillating and washing the root canal or the pulp cavity of the tooth, and the laser oscillation washing device is used for vaporizing at least part of liquid in the cannula to generate bubbles so as to push the other part of liquid, so that the liquid mixed with the bubbles is ejected from the cannula to form micro-jet flow and is ejected into the root canal or the pulp cavity.
Further, during the oscillation washing, the pulse width of the pulse output by the laser is controlled to be less than 20 mus and/or the pulse frequency is controlled to be more than 100Hz.
The laser oscillation washing method provided by the invention has all the advantages of the laser oscillation washing equipment, so that the laser oscillation washing method is not repeated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser oscillation washing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of minimum pulse laser energy versus spot diameter;
FIG. 3 is a graph of maximum bubble radius versus pulsed laser energy;
FIG. 4 is an absorption curve of water molecules for laser light of different wavelengths;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the maximum velocity of the microjet versus the energy of the pulsed laser.
Description of reference numerals:
100-a laser; 200-an optical fiber; 300-a cannula; 400-bubbles.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The present embodiment provides a laser oscillation apparatus for oscillating a tooth root canal or pulp chamber, as shown in fig. 1, the laser oscillation apparatus comprising a laser 100, a laser conduction device and a cannula 300, the laser 100 being connected to an input end of the laser conduction device, an energy of a pulse laser generated by the laser 100 and emitted by the laser conduction device being higher than a minimum energy of a bubble generated by vaporization of a liquid irradiated with the pulse laser; the output end of the laser conducting device is located inside the sleeve 300, and a set distance is provided between the end surface of the output end of the laser conducting device and the outlet of the sleeve 300.
In the laser oscillation washing device provided by the embodiment, when the laser oscillation washing device is used, the pulse laser generated by the laser 100 is transmitted by the laser conduction device, and after the pulse laser is emitted from the output end of the laser conduction device, because the energy of the pulse laser generated by the laser 100 and emitted by the laser conduction device is higher than the minimum energy of bubbles generated by the vaporization of the liquid irradiated by the pulse laser, a part of liquid (such as sodium hypochlorite solution or physiological saline) in the cannula 300 can be vaporized in a short time after being irradiated by the pulse laser and absorbing the energy of the pulse laser, bubbles can be generated, and the liquid in the cannula 300 can be pushed to be ejected under the expansion action to form high-speed micro-jet flow, so that the target area in a dental pulp cavity or a dental root canal can be subjected to oscillation washing. Wherein, the micro-jet is sprayed out from the outlet of the sleeve 300, the speed is high, so the swinging washing force is large, and the swinging washing effect is good; in addition, the micro-jet flow is ejected from the outlet of the sleeve 300 and has directivity, so that the swinging and washing precision is high, and the swinging and washing effect on the target area can be further improved. Therefore, in order to achieve the same washing effect as the prior art, the energy of the pulse laser required by the laser washing device provided by the embodiment is relatively low, and the requirements on the laser 100 and the laser transmission device are relatively low, so that the cost can be reduced. In addition, the energy of the pulse laser is low, the washing temperature and the washing noise are relatively low, and therefore the washing experience of a patient can be improved.
Here, the formation of the micro-jet is described in detail as follows:
under the action of the pulse laser, the thermal relaxation time of water is proportional to the square of the diameter of a light spot and inversely proportional to the thermal diffusion coefficient of water, and can be expressed by the following formula:
τ th (d)＝d 2 /4k (1)
in the formula (1), τ th Represents the thermal relaxation time of water, d represents the laser spot diameter, and k represents the thermal diffusivity of water. The reference value of the thermal diffusivity of water is 50mm at 100 DEG C 2 And s. From this it can be calculated that the thermal relaxation time of water is 500 mus for a spot diameter of 100 um. When the duration of the pulsed laser is much less (e.g., less than 10 times greater) than the thermal relaxation time of water, the bubble formation process can be approximated as an adiabatic expansion process. Because the pulse laser has short duration, the temperature of the local liquid can be rapidly increased to be far above the boiling point after absorbing the pulse laser energy (for example: 1940nm laser with 100 μm spot diameter, 10mJ pulse laser energy can rapidly heat the local water temperature to be more than 1000 ℃), and then the local liquid can be rapidly expanded to form bubbles and push the peripheral liquid to form micro-jet.
The calculation of the minimum energy to vaporize the liquid to produce a bubble is described in detail below:
since the bubble generated by vaporization near the output end of the optical fiber 200 is approximately spherical without spatial restriction, the maximum radius of the bubble can be expressed as:
in the formula (2), R max Represents the maximum radius of the bubble; p is a radical of i Representing the initial pressure of the bubble, for a water bubble, the reference value is 218 atmospheres; p is a radical of ∞ The pressure of the surrounding environment of the bubble to the bubble when the radius of the bubble reaches the maximum value is expressed, and the pressure can be approximate to 1 atmospheric pressure; gamma denotes the adiabatic coefficient of the gas in the bubbleAlso called adiabatic index, i.e. the ratio of isobaric specific heat capacity to isobaric specific heat capacity, the reference value of the adiabatic coefficient of dry saturated steam is 1.135; α represents an absorption coefficient of the liquid to the laser light; rho i Representing the initial density of the bubbles, the reference value being 322kg/m for water bubbles 3 (ii) a h represents the heat of vaporization, and the reference value is 2840J/g for water; e represents pulsed laser energy; d represents the diameter of the laser spot, which can be approximated to the diameter of the fiber core for convenient analysis and calculation.
According to the equation (2), it is reasonably assumed that the minimum diameter of the bubble is consistent with the diameter of the optical spot (or the diameter of the optical fiber core), so that the relationship between the minimum pulse laser energy for generating the bubble and the diameter of the optical spot, that is, the relationship between the threshold energy for generating the bubble and the minimum diameter of the bubble, can be calculated, as shown in fig. 2. In FIG. 2, the laser wavelength was set to 1.94 μm, and the reference value of the absorption coefficient of the 1.94 μm laser light with the normal temperature water was about 100/cm. As can be seen from fig. 2, for a 100 μm diameter spot, the minimum energy for local water vaporization into bubbles is about 0.05mJ; for a 400 μm diameter spot, the minimum energy for local water vaporization into bubbles is about 0.8mJ. That is, the larger the spot diameter, the larger the minimum pulse laser energy required to generate a bubble. From this relationship, the minimum energy of the pulsed laser required to generate the bubble can be determined from the spot diameter (or the diameter of the fiber core).
Fig. 3 shows the maximum diameter of the bubble versus the energy of the pulsed laser, from which it can be seen that absorption of a large energy (greater than 10 mJ) pulsed laser by the liquid can significantly increase the maximum diameter of the bubble, and thus, the intensity of the micro-jet can be increased using a large energy pulsed laser. Taking thulium fiber pulse laser with output spot diameters of 100 μm and 200 μm respectively and a center wavelength of 1940nm as an example, the maximum diameter of the bubble increases with the increase of the energy of the pulse laser, and when the pulse energy is 1mJ, the maximum diameter of the bubble is 0.27mm; when the pulse energy is 10mJ, the maximum diameter of the air bubble is 0.58mm; at a pulse energy of 100mJ, the maximum diameter of the bubble is 1.26mm. Therefore, the maximum diameter of the bubble can be increased by increasing the energy of the pulsed laser, thereby increasing the intensity of the micro-jet. Laser pulse energies used in clinical trials are typically 5mJ to 30mJ.
It should be noted that, in actual use, a part of the energy of the pulse laser is absorbed by the liquid in the pulp cavity or root canal; a portion of the liquid within cannula 300 absorbs the pulsed laser energy and vaporizes into a bubble, pushing another portion of the liquid out of the exit port of cannula 300 through the expansion of the bubble. Therefore, the pulse energy of the laser 100 is suitably larger than the minimum energy for generating the bubble.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the laser conducting device is an optical fiber 200. More specifically, a commercial silica optical fiber 200 may be used. The optical fiber 200 is adopted for conducting laser energy, so that the material is convenient to obtain, the cost is low, the size of the optical fiber 200 is small, the size and the occupied space of the whole swing washing equipment are reduced, and the operation is convenient.
More specifically, the outer diameter of the optical fiber 200 ranges from 0.1mm to 1.8mm, for example: and may be 0.13mm, 0.25mm, 0.33mm, 0.45mm, 0.65mm, 0.88mm, etc., and the inner diameter of the ferrule 300 is 1 to 2 times the outer diameter of the optical fiber 200. So configured, sleeve 300 is easily installed.
Specifically, the end face of the output end of the optical fiber 200 may be non-planar, and may be configured as a spherical surface, for example, to implement laser convergence and reduce the laser power threshold for generating bubbles.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the laser 100 is a thulium fiber pulse laser, or a fiber-coupled output Nd: YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser. The laser wavelength generated by the thulium optical fiber pulse laser is in the range of 1900nm to 2100nm (typical value is 1940 nm), the laser wavelength generated by the Nd: YAG laser is in the range of 1030nm to 1100nm (typical value is 1064 nm), the two laser wavelengths are small in volume, the energy of the generated laser is appropriate in height and can be conducted through the optical fiber 200, the absorption rate of the optical fiber 200 to the laser is low, the energy transmission loss is small, the absorption coefficient of water to the laser is high, and the utilization rate of the energy is high. In addition, the thulium fiber pulse laser has its tail fiber directly welded to the energy transmitting fiber 200, so as to raise the reliability and reduce the volume of the system.
FIG. 4 is an absorption curve of water molecules for laser light of different wavelengths, and referring to FIG. 4, the peak of the emission spectrum of the pulsed laser light substantially overlaps with the intrinsic absorption peak of water (e.g., 1940nm, which is one of the absorption peaks of water), and the liquid can achieve efficient absorption of the energy of the pulsed laser light. Therefore, the pulse laser generated by the thulium optical fiber pulse laser can realize the high-efficiency absorption of water, thereby improving the vaporization rate, generating more bubbles and further improving the strength of the micro-jet.
It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present application, the selection of the laser 100 is not limited to the above two, but other lasers 100 that generate laser light suitable for the transmission of the optical fiber 200 may be selected, for example: holmium laser (wavelength 2.0 μm to 2.1 μm) or semiconductor laser (wavelength 0.43 μm to 0.98 μm) or the like is also suitable for the optical fiber 200 conduction, so the laser 100 that generates these lasers can also be selected as long as it can generate a micro-jet.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the distance is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum diameter of the bubble generated by vaporization of the liquid in the sleeve 300. Further, in the present embodiment, the distance is set to be 1 to 10 times, preferably, 1.5 to 3 times, the maximum diameter of the bubble generated by vaporization of the liquid in the sleeve 300.
More specifically, the maximum diameter of the bubbles generated by vaporization of the liquid in the casing 300 may be 0.01mm to 1.2mm, and the set distance may be 0.01mm to 12mm, and preferably, may be 0.4mm to 3.8mm.
Set distance d between output end face of optical fiber 200 and outlet of ferrule 300 f And the inner diameter d of the casing 300 t Maximum diameter (or maximum volume V) of the bubble max ) Equal parameter and microjet jet velocity v s Having a direct relationship, in addition to which the jet velocity v of the microjet s There is also a direct relationship with the rate of expansion of the bubbles, as described in detail below:
to obtain a higher jet velocity of the micro-jet, the volume of the cavity inside the ferrule 300 from the output end face of the optical fiber 200 to the outlet of the ferrule 300 can be made equal to the maximum volume of the bubble, i.e.:
V max ＝4πR max 3 /3＝(πd t 2 /4)*d f (3)
as shown in formula (3), the inner diameter d of the sleeve 300 t And a set distance d between the output end face of the optical fiber 200 and the outlet of the ferrule 300 f Can be determined by the maximum volume of the bubble.
The expansion rate of the bubble can be approximated by using a conventional model or can be measured by using an ultra-high-speed camera, and the present application directly uses the data of the conventional literature, and the vaporized bubble expands to the maximum within 10 μ s to 50 μ s.
The time to maximum expansion of the boil-off gas bubble is recorded as Δ t based on the rate and maximum volume of the bubble, and the inner diameter of the casing 300 b The maximum jet velocity v of the microjet s It can be estimated that:
v s ＝(4πR max 3 /3)/(πd t 2 /4)/Δt b
from the above equation, the maximum velocity of the micro-jet at different pulse laser energies when the spot diameter is 200 μm and the inner diameter of the cannula 300 is 400 μm can be calculated, and the calculation result is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the maximum velocity of the micro-jet can reach 266m/s at a pulse laser energy of 10 mJ.
Furthermore, high repetition frequency short pulse lasers may be employed, such as: the pulse width is less than 20 mus, and the frequency is more than 100Hz, so as to improve the bubble generation rate and further improve the washing efficiency.
Regarding the sleeve 300, in the present embodiment, the sleeve 300 may be a stainless steel pipe, or may be a transparent hard pipe, for example: glass tubes, but also hoses, for example: the silicone tube and the sleeve 300 are wide in material selection range, convenient to obtain and low in cost.
Specifically, the length of the sleeve 300 ranges from 1mm to 200mm, and preferably, may range from 10mm to 30mm. So set up, sleeve pipe 300's length is shorter, convenient operation.
Specifically, the vicinity of the exit of cannula 300 may be curved to facilitate the operator's extension of the exit of cannula 300 into the pulp chamber.
Specifically, the inner diameter near the exit of cannula 300 may be varied, increased or decreased to vary the velocity and flow rate of the micro-jets.
The present embodiment also provides a laser oscillation method for oscillating and washing a root canal or pulp cavity, in which at least a part of the liquid in the cannula 300 is vaporized to generate bubbles by using the above-mentioned laser oscillation apparatus, so as to push another part of the liquid, and the liquid mixed with the bubbles is ejected from the cannula 300 to form a micro-jet and is ejected into the root canal or pulp cavity.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the pulse width of the pulse output by the laser 100 is controlled to be less than 20 μ s and/or the pulse frequency is controlled to be greater than 100Hz during the oscillation.
The laser oscillation washing method has all the advantages of the laser oscillation washing equipment, and therefore, the laser oscillation washing method is not described herein again.
Finally, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A laser oscillation apparatus for oscillating a tooth root canal or pulp chamber, comprising a laser (100), a laser conduction device and a cannula (300), wherein the laser (100) is connected with an input end of the laser conduction device, and energy of a pulse laser generated by the laser (100) and emitted by the laser conduction device is higher than minimum energy of a bubble generated by vaporization of a liquid irradiated by the pulse laser; the output end of the laser conduction device is positioned in the sleeve (300), and a set distance is reserved between the end face of the output end of the laser conduction device and the outlet of the sleeve (300).
2. The laser oscillation apparatus of claim 1 wherein the laser conducting device is an optical fiber (200).
3. The laser oscillation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the optical fiber (200) ranges from 0.1mm to 1.8mm, and the inner diameter of the ferrule (300) is from 1 to 2 times the outer diameter of the optical fiber (200).
4. The laser oscillation device according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the laser (100) is a thulium fiber pulse laser, or a fiber coupled-out Nd: YAG laser.
5. The laser sloshing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the set distance is equal to or greater than a maximum diameter of a bubble (400) generated by vaporization of liquid in the casing (300).
6. The laser sloshing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the set distance is 1 to 10 times a maximum diameter of a bubble (400) generated by vaporization of the liquid in the casing (300).
7. The laser sloshing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the maximum diameter of the bubble (400) generated by vaporization of the liquid in the casing (300) is 0.01mm to 1.2mm, and the set distance is 0.01mm to 12mm.
8. The laser sloshing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said sleeve (300) is a stainless steel tube, a transparent rigid tube or a flexible tube.
9. A laser oscillation method for oscillating a tooth root canal or pulp cavity, characterized in that, using the laser oscillation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, at least a part of the liquid in the casing (300) is vaporized to generate bubbles to push another part of the liquid, and the liquid mixed with bubbles is ejected from the casing (300) to form a microjet and is injected into the root canal or pulp cavity.
10. The laser sloshing method according to claim 9, wherein the pulse width of the pulse outputted by the laser (100) is controlled to be less than 20 μ s and/or the pulse frequency is controlled to be greater than 100Hz during sloshing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211016826.8A CN115227419A (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | Laser oscillation washing equipment and method |
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| JP2003111766A (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-15 | Sparkling Photon Inc | Jet flow former |
| US20120237893A1 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-09-20 | Sonendo, Inc. | Apparatus, methods, and compositions for endodontic treatments |
| US20150223911A1 (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-13 | Fotona D.D. | Laser system and method for operating the laser system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003111766A (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-15 | Sparkling Photon Inc | Jet flow former |
| US20120237893A1 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-09-20 | Sonendo, Inc. | Apparatus, methods, and compositions for endodontic treatments |
| CN107115154A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2017-09-01 | 索南多股份有限公司 | Equipment, method and combination for endodontic treatment |
| US20150223911A1 (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-13 | Fotona D.D. | Laser system and method for operating the laser system |
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