CN115201179A - Device and method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN115201179A CN115201179A CN202210743145.5A CN202210743145A CN115201179A CN 115201179 A CN115201179 A CN 115201179A CN 202210743145 A CN202210743145 A CN 202210743145A CN 115201179 A CN115201179 A CN 115201179A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution, which relate to the technical field of plant detection, and the device comprises: the device comprises a LIBS detection mechanism, a vacuum measurement chamber, a micropump, a first capillary pipeline, a second capillary pipeline, a first liquid pool and a second liquid pool; the micropump is arranged on the first capillary pipeline, and the first liquid pool is communicated with the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline; the second liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber, and a first slit is arranged at the communication position of the second liquid pool and the vacuum measuring chamber; the first liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber through a second capillary pipeline; a first slit baffle is arranged at the first slit, and a second slit baffle is arranged at the communication position of the second capillary pipeline and the vacuum measuring chamber. The device and the method for detecting the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution provided by the invention not only can realize closed-loop detection of the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution, but also can carry out on-line detection on the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution in real time, conveniently and quickly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution.
Background
In the water culture mode, water and nutrients required by crops are provided by the nutrient solution, and when the components and the characteristics of the nutrient solution are changed, the growth of the crops is adversely affected. Particularly, crops require large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, when the concentration of nutrients in the nutrient solution is too low, the growth of the crops can be inhibited, and when the concentration of nutrients in the nutrient solution is too high, the nutrient resources can be wasted. Therefore, real-time detection of the elemental components in the nutrient solution is crucial to soilless culture.
The traditional detection method for nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution comprises laboratory detection methods such as titration method and chromatography, and the methods are time-consuming and labor-consuming and cannot carry out real-time detection; in actual production, nutrient elements of nutrient solution are usually detected by adopting an ion selective electrode method, but the method has low detection speed and low precision in the actual detection process.
Therefore, how to realize the rapid real-time online detection of nutrient elements in plant nutrient solutions is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution, comprising:
the system comprises a Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) detection mechanism, a vacuum measurement chamber, a micropump, a first capillary pipeline, a second capillary pipeline, a first liquid pool and a second liquid pool;
the micropump is arranged on the first capillary pipeline, and the first liquid pool is communicated with the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline; the second liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber, and a first slit is arranged at the communication position of the second liquid pool and the vacuum measuring chamber; the first liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber through the second capillary pipeline; a first slit baffle is arranged at the first slit, and a second slit baffle is arranged at the communication position of the second capillary pipeline and the vacuum measuring chamber;
the micropump is used for pumping plant nutrient solution to be detected in the first liquid pool and injecting the plant nutrient solution to be detected into the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline, and the plant nutrient solution to be detected in the second liquid pool flows into the vacuum measuring chamber through the first slit and forms a water curtain in the vacuum measuring chamber;
the LIBS detection mechanism is used for emitting laser and focusing the laser on the water curtain, obtaining a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and determining the types and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum.
Optionally, according to the plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device provided by the invention, the vacuum measurement chamber comprises a quartz glass window, a vacuum pipeline, a vacuum pump and a vacuum measurement chamber shell;
the quartz glass window is arranged in the vacuum measuring chamber shell and used for transmitting laser signals and plasma signals;
the vacuum pump is used for pumping out gas in the vacuum measuring chamber through the vacuum pipeline.
Optionally, according to the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention, the LIBS detection mechanism comprises a laser, a spectrometer and a focusing mirror;
the laser is used for emitting laser;
the focusing mirror is used for focusing the laser emitted by the laser on the water curtain;
the spectrometer is used for collecting a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, establishing a model based on the characteristic spectrum, and determining the types and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the model.
Optionally, according to the device for detecting the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution provided by the invention, the device further comprises a first steering engine and a second steering engine;
the first steering engine is used for controlling the first slit baffle to be opened or closed;
and the second steering engine is used for controlling the second slit baffle to be opened or closed.
Optionally, according to the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention, the LIBS detection mechanism further comprises a microcontroller, a driving control unit, a time sequence control circuit and a power management unit;
the microcontroller is used for controlling the drive control unit, the sequential control circuit and the power management unit to work in order;
the drive control unit is used for controlling the vacuum pump, the micropump, the first steering engine and the second steering engine to work in order;
the time sequence control circuit is used for controlling the light emitting time of the laser and the acquisition time of the spectrometer;
the power management unit is used for converting different voltages and providing electric energy for the whole device.
Optionally, according to the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention, the LIBS detection mechanism further includes any one or more of the following:
the device comprises a real-time clock module, a storage module and a liquid crystal module;
the real-time clock module is used for providing real-time;
the storage module is used for storing the measurement data;
the liquid crystal module is used for providing a human-computer interaction interface and displaying the measurement data.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution based on any one of the apparatus for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution in the first aspect, which is applied to a microcontroller, and includes:
acquiring a monitoring instruction;
under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a measurement instruction, controlling a vacuum pump and a micro pump to work through a driving control unit, so that gas in a vacuum measurement chamber is extracted based on the vacuum pump, and plant nutrient solution to be detected in a first liquid pool is extracted based on the micro pump and is injected into a second liquid pool through a first capillary pipeline;
the first slit baffle is opened through a drive control unit to control a first steering engine, so that plant nutrient solution to be detected in the second liquid pool flows into a vacuum measuring chamber through a first slit, a water curtain is formed in the vacuum measuring chamber, a laser and a spectrometer are controlled to be opened through a time sequence control circuit, a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain is obtained, and the type and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected are determined based on the characteristic spectrum.
Optionally, according to the method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution provided by the present invention, after controlling the laser and the spectrometer to be turned on through the time sequence control circuit to obtain the characteristic spectrum of the nutrient elements in the water curtain, and determining the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum, the method further includes:
the first slit baffle is controlled to be closed by the first steering engine through the driving control unit, and the second slit baffle is controlled to be opened by the second steering engine through the driving control unit, so that the plant nutrient solution to be detected in the vacuum measuring chamber flows back to the first liquid pool through the second capillary pipeline.
Optionally, the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention further comprises:
and controlling the liquid crystal module to display the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a display instruction.
Optionally, the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention further comprises:
and controlling a storage module to store the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a storage instruction.
According to the device and the method for detecting the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution, the closed-loop detection device formed by the LIBS detection mechanism, the vacuum measurement chamber, the micropump, the first capillary pipeline, the second capillary pipeline, the first liquid pool and the second liquid pool is used for carrying out closed-loop detection on the plant nutrient solution to be detected, waste of the plant nutrient solution and pollution to the environment are avoided, a water curtain can be formed in the vacuum measurement chamber by the plant nutrient solution, the influence of nitrogen in the air can be eliminated, the influence of a matrix of the LIBS measurement system can be eliminated, the detection precision is improved, and the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution can be detected on line conveniently and quickly in real time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a core control board provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working process of the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
101: LIBS detection mechanism; 102: a vacuum measurement chamber; 103: a micropump; 104: a first capillary channel; 105: a second capillary channel; 106: a first liquid pool; 107: a second liquid pool; 108: a first slit baffle; 109: a second slit baffle; 1010: a water curtain; 1011: a housing; 1012: a quartz glass window; 1013: a vacuum line; 1014: a vacuum pump; 1015: a vacuum measurement chamber housing; 1016: a laser; 1017: a spectrometer; 1018: a focusing mirror; 1019: a first steering engine; 1020: a second steering engine; 1021: and a core control panel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
To facilitate a clearer understanding of embodiments of the present invention, some relevant background information is first presented below.
The nutrient solution is a novel nutrient solution synthesized by adopting an environmental biological and ecological symbiotic technology and a mycorrhizal symbiotic principle through processes of biological fermentation, chemical chelation, physical activation and the like, the nutrient solution is the key of soilless culture, different crops require different nutrient solution formulas, and how to rapidly detect element components in the nutrient solution is very important for the soilless culture.
With the development of science and technology, the breeding technology and the cultivation technology are more and more biased to soilless breeding and cultivation, so that a large amount of land resources can be saved, the dependence on natural soil is eliminated, the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and insect pests is overcome, and the breeding and the high-quality and high-efficiency production of vegetables are realized. In the water culture mode, water and nutrients required by crops are provided by the nutrient solution, and when the components and the characteristics of the nutrient solution are changed, the growth of the crops is adversely affected in a short time. Particularly, crops need larger nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, when the concentration of nutrients in the nutrient solution is too low, the growth of the crops is inhibited under the action of nutrient stress, and when the concentration of the nutrients in the nutrient solution is too high, the waste of nutrient resources is caused, so that the concentration of the plant nutrient solution needs to be detected and regulated in real time.
However, how to rapidly detect nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution is a key problem to be solved urgently. Traditional analytical methods include laboratory tests such as titration and chromatography, which are time consuming, labor intensive, expensive and incapable of real-time testing. At present, most of nutrient element detection of nutrient solution in actual production adopts an ion selection electrode as a main part, measures partial ions in the nutrient solution by combining a pH value and an EC value, estimates the other partial ions and detects the nutrient content of the nutrient solution. The ion selective electrode method has limited species of detected ions, and in the detection process, because part of ions are attached to the electrodes, the detection precision of the ion selective electrode is reduced, thereby influencing the detection precision of the whole detection system. Therefore, the ion selective electrode method has defects such as slow detection speed, low accuracy, and capability of detecting only a small number of ions in the actual detection process.
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a device and a method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution. The device and the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention are described below with reference to fig. 1-4.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device includes:
a Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) detection mechanism 101, a vacuum measurement chamber 102, a micro pump 103, a first capillary tube 104, a second capillary tube 105, a first liquid pool 106 and a second liquid pool 107;
the micro pump 102 is disposed on the first capillary 104, and the first liquid pool 106 is communicated with the second liquid pool 107 through the first capillary 104; the second liquid pool 107 is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber 102, and a first slit is arranged at the communication position of the second liquid pool 107 and the vacuum measuring chamber 102; the first liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measurement chamber 102 through the second capillary 105; a first slit baffle 108 is arranged at the first slit, and a second slit baffle 109 is arranged at the communication position of the second capillary 105 and the vacuum measurement chamber 102;
the micro pump 102 is used for pumping the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the first liquid pool 106 and injecting the plant nutrient solution to be measured into the second liquid pool 107 through the first capillary 104, the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the second liquid pool 107 flows into the vacuum measurement chamber 102 through the first slit and forms a water curtain 1010 in the vacuum measurement chamber 102;
the LIBS detection mechanism 101 is configured to emit laser and focus the laser on the water curtain, obtain a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain 1010, and determine the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum.
In order to overcome the defects that the existing plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection method is low in detection speed and precision and cannot realize real-time online detection, the invention carries out closed-loop detection on plant nutrient solution to be detected by a closed-loop detection device formed by an LIBS detection mechanism, a vacuum measurement chamber, a micropump, a first capillary pipeline, a second capillary pipeline, a first liquid pool and a second liquid pool, and cannot generate waste of the plant nutrient solution and pollute the environment.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution may include a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy LIBS detection mechanism, a vacuum measurement chamber, a micro pump, a first capillary channel, a second capillary channel, a first liquid pool, and a second liquid pool.
Optionally, the micropump may be disposed on the first capillary, the first liquid pool may be communicated with the second liquid pool through the first capillary, the second liquid pool may be communicated with the vacuum measurement chamber, and the second liquid pool may be provided with a first slit at a communication position with the vacuum measurement chamber, so that the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the first liquid pool may be pumped out through the micropump and injected into the second liquid pool through the first capillary, and the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the second liquid pool flows into the vacuum measurement chamber through the first slit and forms a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber.
Optionally, the first liquid pool may be communicated with the vacuum measurement chamber through a second capillary channel, and a second slit baffle is disposed at a communication position of the second capillary channel and the vacuum measurement chamber, so as to form a closed-loop detection device, so that after the nutrient solution is detected, the nutrient solution may flow back to the first liquid pool through the second capillary channel, and thus the nutrient solution is not wasted and the environment is not polluted.
Optionally, a first slit baffle may be disposed at the first slit, and the first slit baffle may completely block the first slit.
Optionally, a second slit baffle may be disposed at a communication position of the second capillary channel and the vacuum measurement chamber, and the second slit baffle may completely block the communication position of the second capillary channel and the vacuum measurement chamber.
Optionally, the LIBS detection mechanism may be configured to emit laser, focus the emitted laser on a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber, obtain a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and determine the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum.
Optionally, after the LIBS detection mechanism obtains the characteristic spectrum of the nutrient elements in the water curtain, the LIBS detection mechanism may be used to model based on the characteristic spectrum to reverse the types and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected.
Alternatively, the specific setting position of the LIBS detection mechanism is not particularly limited in this regard.
Specifically, the LIBS is a relatively new material element analysis technology based on atomic emission spectroscopy, and the working principle thereof is as follows: under the action of strong laser pulse, the matter on the surface of the sample is excited into plasma and is attenuated quickly, photons with specific frequency are radiated in the attenuation process, characteristic spectral lines are generated, and the frequency and the intensity of the characteristic spectral lines contain element type and content information of an analysis object. The method has the advantages of low operation cost, high measurement speed, high sensitivity, no or little sample pretreatment, no radiation and no secondary pollution, and can realize multi-element measurement.
It can be understood that the LIBS detection mechanism focuses high-energy laser on a water curtain formed by the nutrient solution, the water curtain is ionized by strong energy to form a plasma cloud, the plasma cloud emits an atomic characteristic spectrum in the process of de-excitation, and atomic characteristic spectrum spectral lines of each element in the nutrient solution are different, so that the concentration of each element in the nutrient solution can be indirectly obtained according to the characteristic spectral line of each element. It is known that the detection accuracy of the LIBS detection system is greatly affected by the substrate of the measuring substance, and therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of the substrate of the measuring substance to the maximum extent.
The device for detecting the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution provided by the embodiment of the invention can enable the nutrient solution to form a thin water curtain, almost completely overcomes the influence of a matrix, and greatly improves the precision of an LIBS measuring system. Meanwhile, the nutrient solution contains nitrogen elements, and the air also contains nitrogen elements, so that the detection precision of the nitrogen in the nutrient solution can be seriously influenced if the nitrogen elements in the air are not eliminated, and therefore, the device for detecting the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the vacuum measuring chamber, and the influence of the nitrogen in the air can be completely overcome.
Optionally, the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solutions provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a housing 1011.
Alternatively, the first slit may have a size ranging from 200um to 500um.
Optionally, the device for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be used to detect macroelements in a formula of a plant nutrient solution, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device provided by the invention, closed-loop detection is carried out on the plant nutrient solution to be detected through the closed-loop detection device formed by the LIBS detection mechanism, the vacuum measurement chamber, the micropump, the first capillary pipeline, the second capillary pipeline, the first liquid pool and the second liquid pool, waste of the plant nutrient solution and pollution to the environment are avoided, and the plant nutrient solution can form a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber, so that the influence of nitrogen in the air can be eliminated, the influence of a matrix of the LIBS measurement system can be eliminated, the detection precision is improved, and the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution can be detected on line conveniently and quickly in real time.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the vacuum measurement chamber 102 comprises a quartz glass window 1012, a vacuum conduit 1013, a vacuum pump 1014, and a vacuum measurement chamber housing 1015;
the quartz glass window 1012 is arranged in the vacuum measuring chamber shell 1015 and is used for transmitting laser signals and plasma signals;
the vacuum pump 1014 is used for pumping out the gas in the vacuum measurement chamber 102 through the vacuum conduit 1013.
Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum measurement chamber may include a quartz glass window, a vacuum pipe, a vacuum pump, and a vacuum measurement chamber housing, wherein the quartz glass window may be disposed in the vacuum measurement chamber housing for transmitting the laser signal and the plasma signal, and the vacuum pump may be configured to pump out a gas in the vacuum measurement chamber through the vacuum pipe, so that a vacuum and a negative pressure are formed in the vacuum measurement chamber.
It will be appreciated that a quartz glass window disposed within the vacuum measurement chamber housing may transmit a laser signal emitted by the LIBS detection mechanism such that the laser signal may impinge on a water curtain within the vacuum measurement chamber.
Alternatively, the quartz glass window may be embedded in the vacuum measurement chamber housing.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the vacuum measurement chamber is arranged, so that the influence of nitrogen elements in the air on the detection precision of the nitrogen elements in the plant nutrient solution can be avoided.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the LIBS detection mechanism 101 includes a laser 1016, a spectrometer 1017, and a focusing mirror 1018;
the laser is used for emitting laser;
the focusing mirror is used for focusing the laser emitted by the laser on the water curtain;
the spectrometer is used for collecting a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, establishing a model based on the characteristic spectrum, and determining the types and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the model.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the LIBS detection mechanism may include a laser, a spectrometer, and a focusing mirror, where the laser is configured to emit laser, the focusing mirror is configured to focus the laser emitted by the laser onto a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber, and the spectrometer is configured to collect a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, establish a model based on the characteristic spectrum, and further determine the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the model.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the device further includes a first steering engine 1019 and a second steering engine 1021;
the first steering engine 1019 is used for controlling the first slit baffle 108 to open or close;
the second steering engine 1020 is used for controlling the second slit baffle 109 to open or close.
Specifically, the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solutions provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a first steering engine and a second steering engine, wherein the first steering engine is used for controlling the first slit baffle to be opened or closed, and the second steering engine is used for controlling the second slit baffle to be opened or closed.
Optionally, the LIBS detection mechanism further includes a microcontroller, a driving control unit, a timing control circuit, and a power management unit;
the microcontroller is used for controlling the drive control unit, the sequential control circuit and the power management unit to work in order;
the drive control unit is used for controlling the vacuum pump, the micropump, the first steering engine and the second steering engine to work in order;
the time sequence control circuit is used for controlling the light emitting time of the laser and the acquisition time of the spectrometer;
the power management unit is used for converting different voltages and providing electric energy for the whole device.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the LIBS detection mechanism 101 further includes a core control board 1021, where the core control board 1021 includes a microcontroller, a driving control unit, a timing control circuit, and a power management unit, where the microcontroller may be configured to control sequential operations of the driving control unit, the timing control circuit, and the power management unit, the driving control unit may be configured to control sequential operations of the vacuum pump, the micropump, the first steering engine, and the second steering engine, the timing control circuit may be configured to control light emitting time of the laser and collecting time of the spectrometer, and the power management unit may be configured to perform conversion between different voltages and provide electric energy for the entire apparatus.
Optionally, the microcontroller is a chip with an operating frequency of 700 MHz.
Optionally, the model of the chip is STM32F103.
Optionally, the power management unit is specifically configured to: the voltage of the 3.7V lithium battery is converted into a voltage of 1.8V, 3.3V or 5.0V.
Optionally, the LIBS detection mechanism further comprises any one or more of:
the device comprises a real-time clock module, a storage module and a liquid crystal module;
the real-time clock module is used for providing real-time;
the storage module is used for storing the measurement data;
the liquid crystal module is used for providing a human-computer interaction interface and displaying the measurement data.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the LIBS detection mechanism may further include any one or more of a real-time clock module, a storage module, and a liquid crystal module, where the real-time clock module may be configured to provide real-time for the entire apparatus, the storage module may be configured to store measured experimental data, and the liquid crystal module may be configured to provide a human-computer interaction interface and display the measured experimental data, so as to facilitate a user to operate and view equipment parameters, measurement parameters, or measurement data, for example, the liquid crystal module may be configured to display the measured types and content of nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected.
Alternatively, the real-time clock module may employ a DS1307 real-time clock chip.
Optionally, the microcontroller may also control the operation timings of the real-time clock module, the memory module and the liquid crystal module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a core control board according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, a microcontroller is used as a core module to control and coordinate orderly operations of various functional modules, and may adopt a high performance processor chip with a frequency up to 700MHz, and the types of the processor chip are: STM32F103. The power management unit can convert the voltage of the 3.7V lithium battery into the voltages of 1.8V, 3.3V and 5.0V, and provides electric energy for each module in the whole device. The drive control unit controls the working time sequence of the vacuum pump, the micropump, the first steering engine and the second steering engine under the regulation and control of the microcontroller, and the vacuum measurement environment and the water curtain are guaranteed to be formed. The time sequence control circuit mainly controls the light emitting time of the laser and the acquisition time of the spectrometer.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, an external Q-switched semiconductor laser may be adopted, and light-emitting energy of the external Q-switched semiconductor laser is affected by a Q-switched signal and a trigger signal, so that the accurate timing control circuit realizes control of light-emitting time of the laser. Through repeated experiments, the trigger signal is prior to the Q-switching signal 230us, and the light-emitting energy and stability of the laser are the best. As is known, the process of plasma generation is complex, the plasma generally undergoes the processes of excitation, expansion and extinction, in the initial stage of plasma generation, bremsstrahlung is mainly used, at the moment, the element characteristic spectrum of the plasma is weak and is not submerged in noise, the bremsstrahlung is weakened along with the time, the element characteristic spectrum is enhanced, the plasma disappears after a period of time, and the whole spectrum signal disappears, so that the laser light-emitting time is determined to be 1us-2us earlier than the collection time of a spectrometer as the optimal collection time of the characteristic spectrum through repeated experiments.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a working flow of the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the power of the device can be turned on first, the device will automatically complete initialization setting, enter a monitoring command, and enter different processing programs through different monitoring commands. And after receiving the measurement instruction, the microcontroller controls the vacuum pump to work through the driving control unit, and the vacuum pump pumps the gas in the vacuum measurement chamber until the vacuum degree reaches a target set value, so that the work is stopped. Meanwhile, the micro-controller controls the micro-pump to work, so that the micro-pump sucks about 10ml-15ml of plant nutrient solution to be detected from the first liquid pool into the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline. Then, the microcontroller controls the first steering engine to open the first slit baffle, at the moment, the slit (the width of the slit is 200-500 um) is opened, plant nutrient solution to be measured in the second liquid pool can quickly enter the vacuum measuring chamber through the first slit under the action of negative pressure, and a thin water curtain can be formed due to the fact that the first slit is small; meanwhile, the microcontroller starts the laser and the spectrometer through an accurate time sequence control circuit to complete measurement of the characteristic spectrum of the nutrient elements in the water curtain (the wavelength of the characteristic spectrum represents the element type, and the peak height of the characteristic spectrum represents the element content), and then the type and the content of the nutrient solution elements are inverted through modeling.
Then, the microcontroller starts a first steering engine to drive a first slit baffle to close the first slit; and starting a second steering engine to drive a second slit baffle plate to open a second slit, so that the plant nutrient solution flows back to the first liquid pool through a second capillary pipeline, the recovery of the nutrient solution is completed, then starting the second steering engine again to drive the second slit baffle plate to close the second slit, and then completing one round of measurement. After this measurement is completed, the program returns to the snoop command state. If the instruction is a display instruction, the microcontroller displays the measured value, and can also be used for a user to inquire historical measurement results, and if the display time reaches the set time, the liquid crystal display screen is closed, and the program enters a monitoring instruction state. If the instruction is a data storage instruction, the microcontroller stores the measured data, if the data is successfully stored, the state returns to the instruction monitoring state, and if the data is not successfully stored, the user is prompted to store the data.
It will be appreciated that the characteristic spectral line of each element is relatively many, so that when modeling, a spectrum with relatively large characteristic spectral line intensity and no interference of other elements nearby can be selected as the modeled characteristic spectrum, for example, the following characteristic spectral lines can be adopted: characteristic atomic line of magnesium: 279.5nm; characteristic atomic line of sodium: 328.5nm; characteristic atomic line of calcium: 393.3nm; characteristic atomic line of potassium: 769.8nm; characteristic atomic line of sulfur: 180.7nm; characteristic atomic line of nitrogen: 746.8nm; characteristic atomic line of phosphorus: 167.9nm.
Optionally, the whole device provided by the invention adopts a micro module for design, the used plant nutrient solution is less, no chemical substance is added in the measurement process, and meanwhile, the whole measurement process is a closed loop, so that the waste of the nutrient solution and the pollution to the environment are avoided.
The plant nutrient solution nutrient element device provided by the invention has the characteristics of small volume, low price, strong real-time property, simple operation, capability of directly carrying out field detection and the like, and can overcome the defects of the traditional laboratory measurement method (high price, long period, poor timeliness, reagent pollution to the environment and the like) and the defects of the method adopting the selective ion electrode and combining the EC value.
According to the plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device provided by the invention, closed-loop detection is carried out on the plant nutrient solution to be detected through the closed-loop detection device formed by the LIBS detection mechanism, the vacuum measurement chamber, the micropump, the first capillary pipeline, the second capillary pipeline, the first liquid pool and the second liquid pool, waste of the plant nutrient solution and pollution to the environment are avoided, and the plant nutrient solution can form a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber, so that the influence of nitrogen in the air can be eliminated, the influence of a matrix of the LIBS measurement system can be eliminated, the detection precision is improved, and the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution can be detected on line conveniently and quickly in real time.
The method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention is described below, and the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution described below and the device for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution described above can be referred to correspondingly.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the method for detecting nutrient elements in a plant nutrient solution provided by the invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the method is applied to a microcontroller and comprises the following steps:
Specifically, the microcontroller can obtain a monitoring instruction, and under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a measurement instruction, the drive control unit controls the vacuum pump and the micropump to work so as to extract gas in the vacuum measurement chamber based on the vacuum pump, extract plant nutrient solution to be measured in the first liquid pool based on the micropump, inject the plant nutrient solution into the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline, then control the first steering engine to open the first slit baffle through the drive control unit so as to enable the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the second liquid pool to flow into the vacuum measurement chamber through the first slit and form a water curtain in the vacuum measurement chamber, and simultaneously control the laser and the spectrometer to be started through the time sequence control circuit so as to obtain a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and obtain the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be measured based on the characteristic spectrum.
Optionally, the microcontroller can control the micro pump to pump 10ml to 15ml of the plant nutrient solution to be tested into the second liquid pool by driving the control unit.
Optionally, the microcontroller may control the vacuum pump to operate through the driving control unit, and control the vacuum pump to stop operating through the driving control unit when it is determined that the vacuum degree in the vacuum measurement chamber reaches a target set value.
According to the method for detecting the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution, the plant nutrient solution forms the water curtain in the vacuum measuring chamber, so that the detection of the plant nutrient solution is realized, the influence of nitrogen in the air can be eliminated, the influence of a substrate of a LIBS measuring system can be eliminated, the detection precision is improved, and the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution can be detected on line in real time, conveniently and quickly.
Optionally, the method further includes, after controlling, by a timing control circuit, the laser and the spectrometer to be turned on to obtain a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and determining the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum:
the first slit baffle is controlled to be closed by the first steering engine through the drive control unit, and the second slit baffle is controlled to be opened by the second steering engine through the drive control unit, so that the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the vacuum measuring chamber flows back to the first liquid pool through the second capillary pipeline.
Specifically, after the plant nutrient solution to be detected is detected, the microcontroller can control the first slit baffle closed by the first steering engine through the drive control unit, and control the second slit baffle opened by the second steering engine through the drive control unit, so that the plant nutrient solution to be detected in the vacuum measuring chamber flows back to the first liquid pool through the second capillary pipeline, the closed-loop detection of the plant nutrient solution to be detected is realized, the waste of the plant nutrient solution cannot be generated, and the environment is not polluted.
Optionally, the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention further comprises:
and controlling the liquid crystal module to display the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a display instruction.
Optionally, the microcontroller may control the liquid crystal module to be turned off after determining that the display time of the liquid crystal module reaches the set time period.
Optionally, the method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
and controlling a storage module to store the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a storage instruction.
Alternatively, the microcontroller may return to the monitor instruction state if it is determined that the storage module successfully stores the measurement data.
Optionally, the microcontroller may prompt the user to restore via the liquid crystal module in the event that the microcontroller determines that the memory module has not successfully stored the measurement.
Alternatively, the measured data can be the detected types and content data of nutrient elements in the food nutrient solution to be detected.
According to the method for detecting the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution, the plant nutrient solution forms the water curtain in the vacuum measuring chamber, so that the detection of the plant nutrient solution is realized, the influence of nitrogen in the air can be eliminated, the influence of a substrate of a LIBS measuring system can be eliminated, the detection precision is improved, and the nutrient elements of the plant nutrient solution can be detected on line in real time, conveniently and quickly.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device, characterized by includes:
the system comprises a laser induced breakdown spectroscopy LIBS detection mechanism, a vacuum measurement chamber, a micro pump, a first capillary pipeline, a second capillary pipeline, a first liquid pool and a second liquid pool;
the micropump is arranged on the first capillary pipeline, and the first liquid pool is communicated with the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline; the second liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber, and a first slit is arranged at the communication position of the second liquid pool and the vacuum measuring chamber; the first liquid pool is communicated with the vacuum measuring chamber through the second capillary pipeline; a first slit baffle is arranged at the first slit, and a second slit baffle is arranged at the communication position of the second capillary pipeline and the vacuum measuring chamber;
the micropump is used for pumping plant nutrient solution to be detected in the first liquid pool and injecting the plant nutrient solution to be detected into the second liquid pool through the first capillary pipeline, and the plant nutrient solution to be detected in the second liquid pool flows into the vacuum measuring chamber through the first slit and forms a water curtain in the vacuum measuring chamber;
the LIBS detection mechanism is used for emitting laser and focusing the laser on the water curtain, obtaining a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and determining the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum.
2. The plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device of claim 1, wherein the vacuum measurement chamber comprises a quartz glass window, a vacuum pipe, a vacuum pump and a vacuum measurement chamber housing;
the quartz glass window is arranged in the vacuum measuring chamber shell and used for transmitting laser signals and plasma signals;
the vacuum pump is used for pumping out gas in the vacuum measuring chamber through the vacuum pipeline.
3. The plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the LIBS detection mechanism comprises a laser, a spectrometer and a focusing mirror;
the laser is used for emitting laser;
the focusing mirror is used for focusing the laser emitted by the laser on the water curtain;
the spectrometer is used for collecting a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, establishing a model based on the characteristic spectrum, and determining the types and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the model.
4. The device for detecting the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution according to claim 3, wherein the device further comprises a first steering engine and a second steering engine;
the first steering engine is used for controlling the first slit baffle to be opened or closed;
and the second steering engine is used for controlling the second slit baffle to be opened or closed.
5. The plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device of claim 4, wherein the LIBS detection mechanism further comprises a microcontroller, a drive control unit, a timing control circuit and a power management unit;
the microcontroller is used for controlling the drive control unit, the sequential control circuit and the power management unit to work in order;
the drive control unit is used for controlling the vacuum pump, the micropump, the first steering engine and the second steering engine to work in order;
the time sequence control circuit is used for controlling the light emitting time of the laser and the acquisition time of the spectrometer;
the power management unit is used for converting different voltages and providing electric energy for the whole device.
6. The apparatus for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution according to claim 5, wherein the LIBS detection mechanism further comprises any one or more of the following:
the device comprises a real-time clock module, a storage module and a liquid crystal module;
the real-time clock module is used for providing real-time;
the storage module is used for storing the measurement data;
the liquid crystal module is used for providing a human-computer interaction interface and displaying the measurement data.
7. A plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection method applied to the plant nutrient solution nutrient element detection device of any one of claims 1 to 6, which is applied to a microcontroller and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a monitoring instruction;
under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a measurement instruction, controlling a vacuum pump and a micro pump to work through a driving control unit, so that gas in a vacuum measurement chamber is extracted based on the vacuum pump, and plant nutrient solution to be detected in a first liquid pool is extracted based on the micro pump and is injected into a second liquid pool through a first capillary pipeline;
the first slit baffle is opened through a drive control unit to control a first steering engine, so that plant nutrient solution to be detected in the second liquid pool flows into a vacuum measuring chamber through a first slit, a water curtain is formed in the vacuum measuring chamber, a laser and a spectrometer are controlled to be opened through a time sequence control circuit, a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain is obtained, and the type and the content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected are determined based on the characteristic spectrum.
8. The method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution according to claim 7, wherein a time sequence control circuit controls a laser and a spectrometer to be turned on so as to obtain a characteristic spectrum of nutrient elements in the water curtain, and after determining the type and content of the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution to be detected based on the characteristic spectrum, the method further comprises:
the first slit baffle is controlled to be closed by the first steering engine through the drive control unit, and the second slit baffle is controlled to be opened by the second steering engine through the drive control unit, so that the plant nutrient solution to be measured in the vacuum measuring chamber flows back to the first liquid pool through the second capillary pipeline.
9. The method for detecting nutrient elements in plant nutrient solution as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
and controlling the liquid crystal module to display the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a display instruction.
10. The method for detecting the nutrient elements in the plant nutrient solution as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:
and controlling a storage module to store the measurement data under the condition that the monitoring instruction is determined to be a storage instruction.
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