[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

CN115198753B - Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof - Google Patents

Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115198753B
CN115198753B CN202210699813.9A CN202210699813A CN115198753B CN 115198753 B CN115198753 B CN 115198753B CN 202210699813 A CN202210699813 A CN 202210699813A CN 115198753 B CN115198753 B CN 115198753B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
section
hemispherical section
shaped
capsule
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210699813.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN115198753A (en
Inventor
李忠
朱帅
郑溢雯
赵国君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Original Assignee
Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai University of Engineering Science filed Critical Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority to CN202210699813.9A priority Critical patent/CN115198753B/en
Publication of CN115198753A publication Critical patent/CN115198753A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115198753B publication Critical patent/CN115198753B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural body, a manufacturing mould and application thereof, wherein the structural body comprises a shell and a supporting piece fixed in the shell; the shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction, wherein the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembled mode, and the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed, or the shell comprises the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section which are connected in an assembled mode; the outer surface of the shell is provided with a groove a which is divided into two parts and is respectively positioned at two sections of the assembled connection; the manufacturing die comprises a male die and a female die which are matched with each other: application: firstly assembling two sections of assembled connection in the structural body, filling curable substances in the groove a, curing, and then throwing the structural body and other components into a karst cave to form a filler, wherein the other components comprise plain soil, cement and slag. The invention can be applied to the field of pit and hole backfill, and solves the problems of high clay consumption, easy repeated hole collapse, long construction period and high cost in the prior art of karst hole backfill.

Description

Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building fillers, and relates to a structural body, a manufacturing die and application thereof.
Background
Along with the progress of the construction technology of the traffic infrastructure in China, more new complex geological hydrologic conditions and harsh construction environments are necessarily faced in order to meet the requirements of regional economic development and expressway network expansion. Taking karst landforms as an example. The method is used for properly treating karst cave in projects such as tunnels, bridge pile foundations and the like, and is important and difficult for engineering projects in consideration of engineering cost, construction period, construction difficulty and the like. Aiming at bridge pile foundations in karst development areas, china has accumulated a certain experience, and four common karst cave treatment measures are taken according to karst cave scale forms and cave filling conditions: 1. grouting; 2. a steel pile casing follow-up method; 3. backfilling; 4. and (5) a comprehensive method.
Because underground karst cave is complicated changeable, the specific condition that the fracture is crisscrossed and is link up is difficult to ascertain, and the report of surveying occasionally can have certain deviation with actual conditions, often the unexpected condition appears. The first two treatment methods have rich treatment experience and ideal effect, but the corresponding construction cost is relatively high. In contrast, the backfilling method has the advantages of available local materials, low engineering cost and small construction difficulty, and the materials used in the existing backfilling method mainly comprise rubble and clay, however, when the backfilling method uses rubble and clay for backfilling, repeated hole collapse and slurry leakage occur frequently, repeated backfilling and repeated compaction are needed, so that the construction progress is slow, the construction period is long, and the clay consumption is large. In addition, because the strength of common clay backfill is limited, the pressure of underwater poured concrete is overlarge during actual construction, and the wall of the hole is extruded to cause risks of slurry leakage, pile breakage and the like. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop new methods or to make technical improvements to existing backfill methods to address the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high clay consumption, low strength, easy slurry leakage and easy pile breakage of karst cave backfill in the prior art, and provides a structure, a manufacturing die and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a capsule-like structure comprising a capsule-like housing and a support member secured within the capsule-like housing for providing support strength to the capsule-like housing;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction, wherein the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembled mode, and the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed;
the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the middle cylindrical section.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the capsule-shaped structure is made of a curable material, can be soil, can be obtained locally and has low cost.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the groove a is an I-shaped groove or a reverse-U-shaped groove.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the groove a is an I-shaped groove, and the I-shaped groove can better link the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section relative to the back-shaped groove, so that the capsule-shaped structure is easier to be demolded, and the I-shaped groove is preferably used as the capsule-shaped structure.
The part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the middle cylindrical section are T-shaped, namely the upper end and the lower end of the I-shaped groove are large, and the middle is small, so that enough linking force can be provided for the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2-4.
In the capsule-shaped structure, all the I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule-shaped shell.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2; when all the I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule shell, the number of the I-shaped grooves is 2, the symmetry is simple, the mold design is simple, and the demolding is convenient; when the number of the I-shaped grooves is 3, the die is required to be divided into three pieces, the demoulding is complex, and the integral demoulding is inconvenient; when the number of the I-shaped grooves is 4, the die is complicated to manufacture; thus, the present invention preferably provides 2 i-shaped grooves.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the supporting piece, the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the cross section of the supporting member is Y-shaped, cross-shaped or rice-shaped.
According to the capsule-shaped structure, the cross section of the supporting piece is Y-shaped, the supporting piece is composed of 3 supporting plates and connecting columns, when the cross section of the supporting piece is Y-shaped, the inner space of the supporting piece is the largest, and materials are saved, so that the cross section of the supporting piece is preferably Y-shaped; the support plate is a half of an oblong vertical plate after being cut along a long symmetrical axis, and comprises two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the spliced pole is the triangular prism, and the plane thickness face of 3 backup pads is laminated with 3 sides of triangular prism respectively, and the curved surface thickness face of 3 backup pads is laminated with the internal surface of capsule form casing simultaneously, and the contained angle of adjacent 2 backup pads is 120.
The capsule-shaped structural body is characterized in that the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling manner through the cylindrical ring and the groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex manner; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring and the capsule-shaped shell are coaxial, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical ring is smaller than that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section;
Or the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section are connected in an assembled manner through the supporting piece and the groove c; the top of the support piece is embedded with the groove c, so that the upper hemispherical section and the capsule-shaped shell are coaxial, and the horizontal rotation is limited.
The capsule-shaped structure body is characterized in that the capsule-shaped shell is provided with the round table-shaped through hole communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of the round table-shaped through hole is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of the round table-shaped through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell; the circular truncated cone-shaped through holes are arranged so that water in the karst cave can enter the capsule-shaped shell, and solid mixtures such as clay backfilled outside the capsule-shaped shell cannot enter the capsule-shaped shell.
In the capsule-shaped structure, the taper of the truncated cone-shaped through hole is 60-80 degrees, the diameter of the small end is 15-20 mm, and the diameter of the large end is 50-60 mm.
The capsule-shaped structure body further comprises the upper supporting table section and the lower supporting table section, wherein the upper supporting table section is located above the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, the lower supporting table section is located below the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section, and the purpose of arranging the upper supporting table section and the lower supporting table section is mainly to facilitate demoulding during processing.
According to the capsule-shaped structure, the plurality of through holes are formed in the top and the bottom of the capsule-shaped structure, karst cave water can be shunted into the capsules, the capsule water storage function is achieved, and in karst cave backfill, the water in the karst cave can be absorbed, and the backfill batch and the slurry mixture are separated.
The invention also provides a die for manufacturing the capsule-shaped structure body according to any one of the above, which comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched processing of the upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched processing of the middle cylindrical section and a part integrally formed with the middle cylindrical section; when the die is used for preparing the capsule-shaped structural body, a hydraulic pressing die can be used, so that the labor intensity of a user is reduced, the pressing die pressure is improved, the compactness of a product structure is improved, and the structural strength of the product is ensured.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the mould is characterized in that the first male mould and the second male mould are provided with annular grooves, and redundant water, gas and ingredients can be extruded during compression moulding.
The invention also provides an application of the capsule-shaped structure, wherein the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section of the capsule-shaped structure are assembled, curable substances are filled in the groove a and then cured (the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section can be locked to ensure the integrity of the capsule-shaped structure), then the capsule-shaped structure and other components are put into a karst cave to form a filler, and the other components comprise plain soil, cement and slag, wherein the capsule-shaped structure is taken as a framework unit, and holes are formed by using a drill of a pile driver before being put into the karst cave, so that pile holes are obtained, the size of the capsule-shaped structure is not too large, otherwise, the casting from the pile holes to the karst cave is influenced, meanwhile, the weight of a single capsule-shaped structure is too large, the manufacturing and the transferring are not facilitated, the size of the capsule-shaped structure is not too small, and otherwise, the filling effect is not good.
As a preferable technical scheme:
for the application described above, the dimensions of the capsule-like structure satisfy: the diameter (outer diameter) of the middle cylindrical section is 20-40% of the diameter of the pile hole, and the sum of the diameter (outer diameter) of the middle cylindrical section and the length of the middle cylindrical section is 50-70% of the diameter of the pile hole.
When the application is carried out, firstly, the capsule-shaped structure is put into until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged (namely, when water in the karst cave does not enter the capsule-shaped structure any more), then other components are put into, firstly, the capsule-shaped structure fully absorbs the water in the karst cave, and then the other components put into have cementing effect, and the holes on the capsule-shaped structure are plugged when the capsule-shaped structure is solidified, so that the water and soil isolation effect can be achieved to a certain extent, the influence of water on backfill accumulation bodies is reduced, and the backfill effect is better.
By the application, the total mass of the cement and the slag is 15-25% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of the cement to the slag is 7:3-5:5, and the total volume of the capsule-shaped structure in the filler is 40-70%.
For the applications described above, the other components also include Na 2 SO 4 And CaO, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to CaO is 3:2, na 2 SO 4 And CaO as an exciting agent, the reaction can be accelerated, and the exciting agent can be not used when the requirement on the curing time is not high under the condition of limited conditions.
For the applications described above, the other components also include polyester fibers, which can increase the strength of the structure by providing 0.5% of the filler mass.
The invention also provides a spherical shell-shaped structure body, which comprises a spherical shell body and a supporting piece, wherein the supporting piece is fixed in the spherical shell body and used for providing supporting strength for the spherical shell body;
the spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section which are connected in an assembled manner;
the outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the spherical shell-shaped structure is made of a curable material, can be soil, can be obtained locally and has low cost.
In the spherical shell-shaped structural body, the groove a is an I-shaped groove or a reverse-shaped groove.
In the spherical shell-shaped structure, the groove a is an I-shaped groove, and the I-shaped groove can better link the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section relative to the back-shaped groove, so that the demolding is easier, and the I-shaped groove is preferably used as the invention.
The part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the lower hemispherical section are T-shaped, namely the upper end and the lower end of the I-shaped groove are large, and the middle part of the I-shaped groove is small, so that enough linking force can be provided for the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section.
In the spherical shell-shaped structure, the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the spherical shell is 2-4.
In the spherical shell-shaped structural body, all the I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the spherical shell.
In the spherical shell-shaped structure, the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the spherical shell is 4; because the ball casing comprises two hemispheres, the mould of preparation two hemispheres simple structure, when the quantity of I shape recess is 4, easy drawing of patterns.
One of the spherical shell-shaped structures is provided with two supporting pieces, one supporting piece is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other supporting piece is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section.
In the spherical shell-like structure, the two supporting pieces have the same shape.
The spherical shell-shaped structural body, wherein the cross section of the supporting piece is cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the spliced pole is the quadrangular, and 4 backup pads's a plane thickness face is laminated with 4 sides of quadrangular respectively, and 4 backup pads's another plane thickness face flushes with the lower surface of upper hemisphere section or the upper surface of lower hemisphere section, and 4 backup pads's curved surface thickness face is laminated with the internal surface of ball casing simultaneously, and the contained angle of adjacent 2 backup pads is 90.
The spherical shell-shaped structural body is characterized in that the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling manner through the inserted columns and the insertion holes which are matched with each other in a concave-convex manner; the inserted column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the insertion hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section.
The spherical shell-shaped structure body comprises the upper supporting table section and the lower supporting table section, wherein the upper supporting table section is located above the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, the lower supporting table section is located below the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section, and the purpose of arranging the upper supporting table section and the lower supporting table section is mainly to facilitate demoulding during processing.
According to the spherical shell-shaped structure, the plurality of through holes are formed in the top and the bottom of the spherical shell-shaped structure, so that karst cave water can be separated into the spherical shell, the water storage function of the spherical shell is realized, and in the backfilling of the karst cave, the water in the karst cave can be absorbed, and the backfilling batch and the slurry mixture are separated.
The invention also provides a die for manufacturing the spherical shell-shaped structural body, which comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched processing of the upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched processing of the lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; when the shape and the size of the whole formed by the upper hemispherical section and the part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section are completely the same as those of the whole formed by the lower hemispherical section and the part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section, the first male die and the second male die are the same male die, and the first female die and the second female die are the same female die.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the mould is characterized in that the first male mould and the second male mould are provided with annular grooves, and redundant water, gas and ingredients can be extruded during compression moulding.
The invention also provides an application of the spherical shell-shaped structure, wherein the spherical shell-shaped structure is characterized in that an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section are assembled, a curable substance is filled in a groove a and then cured (the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section can be locked so as to ensure the integrity of the spherical shell-shaped structure), and then the spherical shell-shaped structure and other components are put into a karst cave to form a filler, wherein the other components comprise plain soil, cement and slag, and the spherical shell-shaped structure is a skeleton unit; in actual use, if water is not contained in the pit, the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section can be not assembled, and the hemispherical shell is directly filled with the same effect; if the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are assembled into a spherical shell, the sealing effect is good, and the sealing device is more suitable for the situation that water exists in a pit and can play a role.
As a preferable technical scheme:
when the application is carried out, firstly, the spherical shell-shaped structure is put into until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged (namely, when water in the karst cave does not enter the spherical shell-shaped structure any more), then other components are put into, firstly, the spherical shell-shaped structure fully absorbs the water in the karst cave, and then the other components put into have cementing effect, and the holes on the spherical shell-shaped structure are plugged when the spherical shell-shaped structure is solidified, so that the water which enters the spherical shell-shaped structure is prevented from flowing out again, and the water-soil isolation effect can be achieved to a certain extent, so that the influence of water on backfill accumulation bodies is reduced, and the backfill effect is better.
By the application, the total mass of cement and slag is 15-25% of that of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 7:3-5:5, and the total volume of spherical shell-shaped structures in the filler accounts for 40-70%.
For the applications described above, the other components also include Na 2 SO 4 And CaO, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the sodium carbonate to CaO is 3:2, na 2 SO 4 And CaO as an exciting agent, the reaction can be accelerated, and the exciting agent can be not used when the requirement on the curing time is not high under the condition of limited conditions.
For the applications described above, the other components also include polyester fibers, which can increase the strength of the structure by providing 0.5% of the filler mass.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention effectively solves the problems of large clay consumption, low strength, easy hole collapse and long construction period of karst cave backfill in the prior art, and has the following specific reasons:
the karst cave backfill strength in the prior art is low, and the karst cave backfill strength is high, on one hand, because the capsule-shaped structural body or the spherical shell-shaped structural body can be used as a framework unit, the capsule-shaped structural body or the spherical shell-shaped structural body can be used as a framework unit for being mixed with plain soil, cement, slag and Na 2 SO 4 Materials such as CaO and the like are stirred and mixed and then put into a karst cave to form a soil skeleton with higher structural strength, and the higher structural strength of the soil skeleton benefits from the high supporting strength of the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure, which has the high supporting strength because: (1) the upper and lower sections of the capsule-shaped structure body or the spherical shell-shaped structure body are hemispherical, so that dangerous surfaces are avoided, and stress concentration is not easy to occur; (2) the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure is internally provided with the supporting piece, so that the supporting strength of the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure can be further improved; on the other hand, as the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure is provided with the through holes, the backfill is favorably separated from water, so that the silt is positioned outside the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure, and the water is positioned inside the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure, so that the backfill accumulation body is less influenced by the water, the backfill effect is better, and the strength is higher;
In the pile foundation construction process of karst development areas, when karst cave is met, backfilling is usually carried out by adopting a method of rock and clay, wherein the rock and the clay can only form temporary stable retaining walls, slurry leakage can be carried out again along with later punching in most cases, the retaining walls formed before collapse again, and the rock and the clay are repeatedly thrown until the slurry level of the retaining walls is stable; the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure of the invention can solve the problems of slurry leakage caused by repeated backfill and hole collapse, hammer burying and the like, because the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure can be used as a framework unit and can be used for soil, cement, slag and Na 2 SO 4 Stirring and mixing materials such as CaO and the like, and then putting the materials into a karst cave to form a soil skeleton with higher structural strength;
the clay consumption for the karst cave backfill in the prior art is high, and the clay consumption for the karst cave backfill is low, so that the problem that slurry leakage is easy and repeated backfill compaction is needed in the prior art is solved; on the other hand, the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure has a hollow structure, so that the occupied space is large, the required materials are less, and the stacking porosity can be improved;
the stacking state of the fillers formed by mixing plain soil and sheet stones in the prior art is shown in a figure 10, the stacking section is in an obtuse triangle shape, the occupied area of the bottom of the fillers is large, and a large amount of fillers can be used only to meet the piling requirement, so that the stacking height is ensured, and when a karst cave with higher depth is encountered, the amount of the fillers is obviously increased, so that excessive waste of materials is caused, and the method is uneconomical; after the capsule-like structure of the invention is added as a framework unit, the capsule-like structure, plain soil, cement, slag and Na 2 SO 4 The stacking state of the fillers formed by mixing CaO and the like is shown in fig. 9, and the stacking section of the fillers is trapezoidal, so that the materials can be saved, and the supporting effect can be realized; the capsule-shaped structure body can reduce the weight of the capsule-shaped structure body under the condition of maintaining proper structure volume, save raw materials and improve the economic benefit of piling work.
The piling effect of the fillers formed by mixing plain soil and sheet stones in the prior art is shown as a figure 10, the piling section gradient is gentle, the piling thickness at the bottom is large, the occupied area of the bottoms of the fillers is large, and in order to meet piling requirements, a large amount of fillers can be used, so that the piling height is ensured, and when a karst cave with higher depth is encountered, the amount of the fillers is obviously increased, so that excessive waste of materials is caused, and the method is uneconomical; and after the hemispherical shell-shaped structural filler is added as a framework unit, the formed stacking state is shown in fig. 16, so that the hemispherical shell-shaped filler has good stacking effect, a stacking triangle, a large gradient and a small occupied area at the bottom of the filler, and the hemispherical shell-shaped structural filler not only can save materials, but also has a supporting effect.
Advantageous effects
(1) The backfilling method mainly uses the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure, plain soil, cement, slag and the like, and the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure can be processed and formed in a concentrated mode on site, can be produced in a batch mode, has high structural strength, saves clay use (because the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure has a hollow structure), has water storage and water-soil separation effects (because the capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure is provided with a through hole), and has good accumulation effect with plain soil, cement, slag and the like;
(2) The capsule-shaped structure or the spherical shell-shaped structure has the advantages of simple structure, convenient preparation, capability of forming through one-time compression molding by using the manufactured mold, available local soil as the manufacturing raw material, convenient material taking, construction cost saving, construction speed acceleration, effective solving of the problem of pile foundation perforation in karst cave areas for wide construction staff, and great financial resources and energy saving in the selection and use of manufacturing equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a middle cylindrical section, a lower hemispherical section and a lower pallet section of a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pallet section and an upper hemispherical section of a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second male die and a second female die used in making the capsule-shaped structure in cooperation with each other to process the intermediate cylindrical section and the component integrally formed with the intermediate cylindrical section;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first punch and a first die used in making a capsule-like structure in cooperation with each other to process an upper hemispherical segment and a component integrally formed with the upper hemispherical segment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second male mold used in making the capsule-like structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second die used in making a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first male die used in making a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first female die used in making a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of stacking a capsule-like structure;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effect of stacking formed by conventional fillers;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a capsule-like structure in which the groove a is an I-shaped groove;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a capsule-like structure in which the groove a is a groove of a Chinese character 'Hui' shape;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a spherical shell structure;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first male die used to make the spherical shell structure;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a first die structure for making a spherical shell structure;
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the effect of stacking a filler having a spherical shell structure;
the upper surface of the 101-supporting piece, the plate surface of the 102-supporting plate, the upper surface of the 103-middle cylindrical section, the groove wall of the 104-groove b, the groove bottom of the 105-groove b, the inner surface of the 106-middle cylindrical section, the outer surface of the 107-middle cylindrical section, the outer surface of the 108-lower hemispherical section, the outer surface of the 109-lower supporting table section, the lower part of the 110-I-shaped groove, the 111-round table through hole, the lower surface of the 112-lower supporting table section, the lower surface of the 201-cylindrical ring, the inner surface of the 202-cylindrical ring, the inner surface of the 203-upper hemispherical section, the outer surface of the 204-cylindrical ring, the lower surface of the 205-upper hemispherical section, the upper part of the 206-I-shaped groove, the outer surface of the 207-upper hemispherical section, the outer surface of the 208-upper supporting table section and the upper surface of the 209-upper supporting table section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
The capsule-shaped structure body is made of soil, construction waste or concrete, and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a capsule-shaped shell and a supporting piece which is fixed in the capsule-shaped shell and used for providing supporting strength for the capsule-shaped shell;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling way through a cylindrical ring and a groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex way; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring and the capsule-shaped shell are coaxial, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical ring is smaller than that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section; or the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section are connected in an assembling way through a supporting piece and a groove c, and the top of the supporting piece is embedded with the groove c;
The outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned in the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned in the middle cylindrical section; as shown in fig. 11 to 12, the groove a is an I-shaped groove or a reverse-shaped groove;
when the groove a is an I-shaped groove, the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the middle cylindrical section are both T-shaped; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2-4; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule-shaped shell;
the support piece, the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the cross section of the supporting piece is Y-shaped, cross-shaped or rice-shaped;
when the cross section of the support piece is Y-shaped, the support piece consists of 3 support plates and connecting columns; the support plate is a half of an oblong vertical plate after being cut along a long symmetrical axis, and comprises two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the connecting column is a triangular prism, the plane thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are respectively attached to the 3 side surfaces of the triangular prism, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the included angle between every two adjacent 2 supporting plates is 120 degrees;
the top and the bottom of the capsule-shaped structure body are provided with a plurality of through holes; the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a round table type through hole communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of the round table type through hole is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of the round table type through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell; the taper of the truncated cone-shaped through hole is 60-80 degrees, the diameter of the small end is 15-20 mm, and the diameter of the large end is 50-60 mm.
The die for manufacturing the capsule-shaped structure comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining a middle cylindrical section and a part integrally formed with the middle cylindrical section; annular grooves are formed in the first male die and the second male die.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a middle cylindrical section of a capsule-shaped structure body, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the capsule-shaped structure body and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 15-25% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 7:3-5:5, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the capsule-shaped structure bodies in the filler is 40% -70%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave, the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave;
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method (rubble and other building rubbish such as rubble and block stone are sometimes used for replacing rubble and clay, the rubble and clay backfill method is a generic term of the method, the rubble and the clay are generally put in according to the volume ratio of 1:1), the volume of a backfill body is reduced by 29-35% after backfilling by using the backfill method, the strength of the pile body (the strength of the pile body is determined by on-site sampling and an indoor direct shear strength test, the test is a common method for the shear strength of soil body and has related specifications), the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 29-33%, and the construction period is shortened by 25-34%.
Example 1
The capsule-shaped structure body is made of clay, and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a capsule-shaped shell and a supporting piece, wherein the supporting piece is fixed in the capsule-shaped shell and used for providing supporting strength for the capsule-shaped shell;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling way through a cylindrical ring and a groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex way; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring is coaxial with the capsule-shaped shell, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section; wherein the outer diameter of the middle cylindrical section is 200mm, the height is 200mm, and the wall thickness is 40mm; the height of the cylindrical ring is 15mm, and the wall thickness is 15mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemispherical section is 120mm, and the wall thickness is 40mm; the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 120mm, and the wall thickness is 40mm;
The outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned in the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned in the middle cylindrical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the middle cylindrical section are T-shaped and have the same size; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule-shaped shell; the width of the H-shaped groove at the part of the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 15mm, the depth of the groove is 15mm, the transverse length is 45mm, the vertical length is 25mm, the T-shaped groove consists of transverse strips and vertical strips, the widths of the transverse strips and the vertical strips are the same, the width of the groove is the width of the transverse strips, the length of the transverse strips is the transverse length, the vertical length is the length of the vertical strips, and the meanings of the groove width, the transverse length and the vertical length in the following embodiments are the same as those in the embodiment;
the support piece, the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the support piece consists of 3 support plates and connecting columns, and the cross section of the support piece is Y-shaped; the support plate is a half of an oblong vertical plate after being cut along a long symmetrical axis, and comprises two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the connecting column is a triangular prism, the plane thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are respectively attached to the 3 side surfaces of the triangular prism, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the included angle between every two adjacent 2 supporting plates is 120 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 3 supporting plates are the same, each supporting plate is composed of two 1/4 circular plates and a rectangular plate, the radiuses of the two 1/4 circular plates are 60mm, one group of opposite sides of the rectangular plate are connected with the two 1/4 circular plates, the length of the other group of opposite sides is 200mm, and the thickness of the supporting plate is 30mm;
The top and the bottom of the capsule-shaped structure body are respectively provided with 3 through holes with the diameter of 15 mm; the capsule-shaped shell is provided with 2 circular truncated cone-shaped through holes 111 which are communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of each circular truncated cone-shaped through hole 111 is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of each circular truncated cone-shaped through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell; the taper of the truncated cone-shaped through holes 111 is 66 degrees, the diameter of the small end is 15mm, the diameter of the large end is 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent truncated cone-shaped through holes 111 is 30mm.
The die for manufacturing the capsule-shaped structure comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matching and processing an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matching and processing a middle cylindrical section and a part integrally formed with the middle cylindrical section;
the base of the second male die is a cylinder I, an annular groove is formed in the upper edge surface of the cylinder I, a short cylinder is arranged on the cylinder I, the upper surface of the short cylinder is the groove bottom 105 of the groove b, and the side surface of the short cylinder is the groove wall 104 of the groove b; the short cylinder is connected with a three-petal symmetrical wedge body, when in compression molding, the middle gap of the three-petal wedge body is embedded with the plate surface 102 of the supporting plate, the upper surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the lower surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface 106 of the middle cylinder section by a cylindrical surface; three symmetrical cylinders II are connected to the three symmetrical wedge bodies, the cylinders II are embedded with the bottom through holes of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surfaces of the cylinders II are level with the bottom surface of the lower supporting platform section; the outer surface of the second female die is a cylindrical surface, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower surface 112 of the lower supporting platform section, the arc-shaped side surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface 109 of the lower supporting platform section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface 108 of the lower hemispherical section, the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface 107 of the middle cylindrical section, the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is provided with a symmetrical circular truncated cone which is embedded with a circular truncated cone type through hole 111, and the T-shaped boss on the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower part 110 of the I-shaped groove;
The lower end of the first male die is a cylinder III, the upper surface of the cylinder III is provided with an annular groove, the side surface of the annular groove is embedded with the outer surface 204 of the cylinder ring, the bottom surface of the annular groove is embedded with the lower surface 201 of the cylinder ring, the cylinder III is connected with a disc body, the side surface of the disc body is embedded with the inner surface 202 of the cylinder ring, the disc body is connected with a hemisphere, the outer surface of the hemisphere is embedded with the inner surface 203 of the upper hemisphere section, three symmetrical cylinders II are connected on the hemisphere, the outer surface of the cylinders II is embedded with the top through hole of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surface of the cylinders II is flush with the bottom surface of the upper supporting platform section; the outer surface of the first female die is cylindrical, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the first female die is circular and is embedded with the upper surface 209 of the upper supporting platform section, the round table type inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface 208 of the upper supporting platform section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface 207 of the upper hemispherical section, and the upper surface of the first female die is flush with the lower surface 205 of the upper hemispherical section.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a middle cylindrical section of a capsule-shaped structure body, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the capsule-shaped structure body and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 15% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 3:7, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the capsule-shaped structure bodies in the filler is 50%; polyesterThe mass of the fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave, the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 29%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 33%, the construction period is shortened by 25%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 6 times.
Example 2
The capsule-shaped structure body is made of clay and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a capsule-shaped shell and a supporting piece which is fixed in the capsule-shaped shell and used for providing supporting strength for the capsule-shaped shell;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling way through a cylindrical ring and a groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex way; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring is coaxial with the capsule-shaped shell, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section; wherein the outer diameter of the middle cylindrical section is 400mm, the height is 400mm, and the wall thickness is 60mm; the height of the cylindrical ring is 20mm, and the wall thickness is 20mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemispherical section is 280mm, and the wall thickness is 60mm; the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 280mm, and the wall thickness is 60mm;
The outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned in the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned in the middle cylindrical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the middle cylindrical section are T-shaped and have the same size; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule-shaped shell; wherein, the groove width of the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 20mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the transverse length is 60mm, and the vertical length is 30mm;
the support piece, the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the support piece consists of 3 support plates and connecting columns, and the cross section of the support piece is Y-shaped; the support plate is a half of an oblong vertical plate after being cut along a long symmetrical axis, and comprises two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the connecting column is a triangular prism, the plane thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are respectively attached to the 3 side surfaces of the triangular prism, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the included angle between every two adjacent 2 supporting plates is 120 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 3 supporting plates are the same, each supporting plate is composed of two 1/4 circular plates and a rectangular plate, the radiuses of the two 1/4 circular plates are 140mm, one group of opposite sides of the rectangular plate are connected with the two 1/4 circular plates, the length of the other group of opposite sides is 400mm, and the thickness of the supporting plate is 40mm;
The top and the bottom of the capsule-shaped structure body are respectively provided with 3 through holes with the diameter of 15 mm; the capsule-shaped shell is provided with 4 circular truncated cone-shaped through holes communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of each circular truncated cone-shaped through hole is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of each circular truncated cone-shaped through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell; the taper of the circular truncated cone-shaped through holes is 74 degrees, the diameter of the small end is 20mm, the diameter of the large end is 60mm, and the distance between two adjacent circular truncated cone-shaped through holes is 40mm.
The die for manufacturing the capsule-shaped structure comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining a middle cylindrical section and a part integrally formed with the middle cylindrical section;
the base of the second male die is a cylinder I, an annular groove is formed in the upper edge surface of the cylinder I, a short cylinder is arranged on the cylinder I, the upper surface of the short cylinder is the bottom of the groove b, and the side surface of the short cylinder is the wall of the groove b; the short cylinder is connected with a three-petal symmetrical wedge body, the middle gap of the three-petal wedge body is embedded with the plate surface of the supporting plate during compression molding, the upper surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the lower surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface of the middle cylinder section by a cylindrical surface; three symmetrical cylinders II are connected to the three symmetrical wedge bodies, the cylinders II are embedded with the bottom through holes of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surfaces of the cylinders II are level with the bottom surface of the lower supporting platform section; the outer surface of the second female die is a cylindrical surface, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower surface of the lower supporting table section, the arc-shaped side surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface of the lower hemispherical section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface of the middle cylindrical section, the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is provided with a symmetrical circular table embedded with a circular table through hole, and the T-shaped boss on the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower part of the I-shaped groove;
The lower end of the first male die is a cylinder III, the upper surface of the cylinder III is provided with an annular groove, the side surface of the annular groove is embedded with the outer surface of the cylinder ring, the bottom surface of the annular groove is embedded with the lower surface of the cylinder ring, the cylinder III is connected with a disc body, the side surface of the disc body is embedded with the inner surface of the cylinder ring, the disc body is connected with a hemisphere, the outer surface of the hemisphere is embedded with the inner surface of the upper hemisphere section, three symmetrical cylinders II are connected on the hemisphere, the outer surface of the cylinders II is embedded with the top through hole of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surface of the cylinders II is flush with the bottom surface of the upper supporting platform section; the outer surface of the first female die is cylindrical, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the first female die is circular and is embedded with the upper surface of the upper supporting table section, the round table type inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface of the upper supporting table section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface of the upper hemispherical section, and the upper surface of the first female die is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a middle cylindrical section of a capsule-shaped structure body, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the capsule-shaped structure body and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 20% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 4:7, na 2 SO 4 And the total mass of CaO is 10 of the slag mass％，Na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the capsule-shaped structure bodies in the filler is 60%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave, the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 32%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 29%, the construction period is shortened by 30%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 7 times.
Example 3
The capsule-shaped structure body is made of clay and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a capsule-shaped shell and a supporting piece which is fixed in the capsule-shaped shell and used for providing supporting strength for the capsule-shaped shell;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling way through a cylindrical ring and a groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex way; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring is coaxial with the capsule-shaped shell, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section; wherein the outer diameter of the middle cylindrical section is 600mm, the height is 500mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm; the height of the cylindrical ring is 20mm, and the wall thickness is 20mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemispherical section is 440mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm; the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 440mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm;
The outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned in the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned in the middle cylindrical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the middle cylindrical section are T-shaped and have the same size; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is 2; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the capsule-shaped shell; wherein, the groove width of the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 20mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the transverse length is 60mm, and the vertical length is 30mm;
the support piece, the middle cylindrical section and the lower hemispherical section are integrally formed; the support piece consists of 3 support plates and connecting columns, and the cross section of the support piece is Y-shaped; the support plate is a half of an oblong vertical plate after being cut along a long symmetrical axis, and comprises two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the connecting column is a triangular prism, the plane thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are respectively attached to the 3 side surfaces of the triangular prism, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the included angle between every two adjacent 2 supporting plates is 120 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 3 supporting plates are the same, each supporting plate is composed of two 1/4 circular plates and a rectangular plate, the radiuses of the two 1/4 circular plates are 220mm, one group of opposite sides of the rectangular plate are connected with the two 1/4 circular plates, the length of the other group of opposite sides is 500mm, and the thickness of the supporting plate is 50mm;
The top and the bottom of the capsule-shaped structure body are respectively provided with 3 through holes with the diameter of 15 mm; the capsule-shaped shell is provided with 6 round table type through holes communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of each round table type through hole is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of each round table type through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell; the taper of the circular truncated cone-shaped through holes is 76 degrees, the diameter of the small end is 20mm, the diameter of the large end is 60mm, and the distance between two adjacent circular truncated cone-shaped through holes is 42mm.
The die for manufacturing the capsule-shaped structure comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining a middle cylindrical section and a part integrally formed with the middle cylindrical section;
the base of the second male die is a cylinder I, an annular groove is formed in the upper edge surface of the cylinder I, a short cylinder is arranged on the cylinder I, the upper surface of the short cylinder is the bottom of the groove b, and the side surface of the short cylinder is the wall of the groove b; the short cylinder is connected with a three-petal symmetrical wedge body, the middle gap of the three-petal wedge body is embedded with the plate surface of the supporting plate during compression molding, the upper surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the lower surface of the wedge body is embedded with the inner surface of the middle cylinder section by a cylindrical surface; three symmetrical cylinders II are connected to the three symmetrical wedge bodies, the cylinders II are embedded with the bottom through holes of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surfaces of the cylinders II are level with the bottom surface of the lower supporting platform section; the outer surface of the second female die is a cylindrical surface, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower surface of the lower supporting table section, the arc-shaped side surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface of the lower hemispherical section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the outer surface of the middle cylindrical section, the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is provided with a symmetrical circular table embedded with a circular table through hole, and the T-shaped boss on the cylindrical surface of the inner surface of the second female die is embedded with the lower part of the I-shaped groove;
The lower end of the first male die is a cylinder III, the upper surface of the cylinder III is provided with an annular groove, the side surface of the annular groove is embedded with the outer surface of the cylinder ring, the bottom surface of the annular groove is embedded with the lower surface of the cylinder ring, the cylinder III is connected with a disc body, the side surface of the disc body is embedded with the inner surface of the cylinder ring, the disc body is connected with a hemisphere, the outer surface of the hemisphere is embedded with the inner surface of the upper hemisphere section, three symmetrical cylinders II are connected on the hemisphere, the outer surface of the cylinders II is embedded with the top through hole of the capsule-shaped shell, and the top surface of the cylinders II is flush with the bottom surface of the upper supporting platform section; the outer surface of the first female die is cylindrical, the bottom surface of the inner surface of the first female die is circular and is embedded with the upper surface of the upper supporting table section, the round table type inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface of the upper supporting table section, the spherical cambered surface of the inner surface of the first female die is embedded with the outer surface of the upper hemispherical section, and the upper surface of the first female die is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a middle cylindrical section of a capsule-shaped structure body, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the capsule-shaped structure body and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of the cement and the slag is20% of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 5:5, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the capsule-shaped structure bodies in the filler is 70%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave, the capsule-shaped structural body is put into the karst cave until the volume of liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 35%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 30%, the construction period is shortened by 34%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 5 times.
A spherical shell-shaped structure body is made of soil and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a spherical shell body and a supporting piece which is fixed in the spherical shell body and used for providing supporting strength for the spherical shell body;
the spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling way through a plug post and a jack which are matched in a concave-convex way; the inserting column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the inserting hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section;
The outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove or a Chinese character 'Hui' shaped groove;
when the groove a is an I-shaped groove, the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the lower hemispherical section are T-shaped; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the ball shell is 2-4; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the ball shell;
the two supporting pieces are the same in shape, one is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the cross section of the supporting piece is cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the connecting column is a quadrangular prism, one plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is respectively attached to 4 side surfaces of the quadrangular prism, the other plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section or the upper surface of the lower hemispherical section, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 4 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the spherical shell, and the included angle of each 2 adjacent supporting plates is 90 degrees;
The top and bottom of the spherical shell-shaped structure body are provided with a plurality of through holes.
The die for manufacturing the spherical shell-shaped structural body comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining of an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining of a lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; annular grooves are formed in the first male die and the second male die.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section of a spherical shell-shaped structure, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the spherical shell-shaped structure and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 15-25% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 7:3-5:5, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the spherical shell-shaped structural body in the filler is 40% -70%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the liquid is put into the karst cave, the spherical shell-shaped structural body is firstly put into the karst cave until the volume of the liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method (rubble and other building rubbish such as rubble and block stone are sometimes used for replacing rubble and clay, the rubble and clay backfill method is a generic term of the method, the rubble and the clay are generally put in according to the volume ratio of 1:1), the volume of a backfill body after backfilling is reduced by 25-35%, the strength of the pile body (the strength of the pile body is determined by on-site sampling and an indoor direct shear strength test, the test is a common method for the shear strength of soil body and has related specifications), the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 29-30%, and the construction period is shortened by 20-34%.
Example 4
A spherical shell-shaped structure body is made of soil, and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a spherical shell body and a supporting piece, wherein the supporting piece is fixed in the spherical shell body and used for providing supporting strength for the spherical shell body;
the spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling way through a plug post and a jack which are matched in a concave-convex way; the inserting column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the inserting hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section; wherein the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 250mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemisphere is 250mm, and the wall thickness is 50mm;
The outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the lower hemispherical section are T-shaped; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the ball shell is 4; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the ball shell; wherein, the groove width of the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 15mm, the groove depth is 15mm, the transverse length is 45mm, and the vertical length is 20mm;
the two supporting pieces are the same in shape, one is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the cross section of the supporting piece is cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the connecting column is a quadrangular prism, one plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is respectively attached to 4 side surfaces of the quadrangular prism, the other plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section or the upper surface of the lower hemispherical section, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 4 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the spherical shell, and the included angle of each 2 adjacent supporting plates is 90 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 4 supporting plates are the same, and the thickness of the supporting plates is 30mm;
4 through holes are arranged at the top and the bottom of the spherical shell-shaped structural body.
The die for manufacturing the spherical shell-shaped structural body comprises a first male die (shown in fig. 14), a first female die (shown in fig. 15), a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining of an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining of a lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; annular grooves are formed in the first male die and the second male die.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section of a spherical shell-shaped structure, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the spherical shell-shaped structure and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 15% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 7:3, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the spherical shell-shaped structural body in the filler is 40%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the liquid is put into the karst cave, the spherical shell-shaped structural body is firstly put into the karst cave until the volume of the liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 25%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 29%, the construction period is shortened by 20%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 6 times.
Example 5
A spherical shell-shaped structure body is made of soil and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a spherical shell body and a supporting piece which is fixed in the spherical shell body and used for providing supporting strength for the spherical shell body;
the spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling way through a plug post and a jack which are matched in a concave-convex way; the inserting column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the inserting hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section; wherein the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 450mm, and the wall thickness is 60mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemisphere is 450mm, and the wall thickness is 60mm;
the outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the lower hemispherical section are T-shaped; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the ball shell is 4; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the ball shell; wherein, the groove width of the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 20mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the transverse length is 60mm, and the vertical length is 30mm;
The two supporting pieces are the same in shape, one is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the cross section of the supporting piece is cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the connecting column is a quadrangular prism, one plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is respectively attached to 4 side surfaces of the quadrangular prism, the other plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section or the upper surface of the lower hemispherical section, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 4 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the spherical shell, and the included angle of each 2 adjacent supporting plates is 90 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 4 supporting plates are the same, and the thickness of the supporting plates is 40mm;
the top and bottom of the spherical shell-shaped structure body are provided with 6 through holes.
The die for manufacturing the spherical shell-shaped structural body comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining of an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining of a lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; annular grooves are formed in the first male die and the second male die.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section of a spherical shell-shaped structure, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the spherical shell-shaped structure and other components including plain soil, cement, slag and Na into a karst cave to form a filler 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 20% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 6:4, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the spherical shell-shaped structural body in the filler is 55%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the liquid is put into the karst cave, the spherical shell-shaped structural body is firstly put into the karst cave until the volume of the liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 30%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 29%, the construction period is shortened by 28%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 7 times.
Example 6
A spherical shell-shaped structure body is made of soil and comprises an upper supporting table section, a lower supporting table section, a spherical shell body and a supporting piece which is fixed in the spherical shell body and used for providing supporting strength for the spherical shell body;
The spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section; the upper supporting table section is positioned above the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the lower supporting table section is positioned below the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling way through a plug post and a jack which are matched in a concave-convex way; the inserting column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the inserting hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section; wherein the inner diameter of the upper hemispherical section is 750mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm; the inner diameter of the lower hemisphere is 750mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm;
the outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section; the groove a is an I-shaped groove; the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section and the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the lower hemispherical section are T-shaped; the number of the I-shaped grooves on the outer surface of the ball shell is 4; all I-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central shaft of the ball shell; wherein, the groove width of the part of the I-shaped groove positioned on the upper hemispherical section (namely, the T-shaped groove) is 20mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the transverse length is 60mm, and the vertical length is 30mm;
the two supporting pieces are the same in shape, one is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; the cross section of the supporting piece is cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the connecting column is a quadrangular prism, one plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is respectively attached to 4 side surfaces of the quadrangular prism, the other plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section or the upper surface of the lower hemispherical section, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 4 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the spherical shell, and the included angle of each 2 adjacent supporting plates is 90 degrees; wherein the sizes of the 4 supporting plates are the same, and the thickness of the supporting plates is 50mm;
9 through holes are arranged at the top and the bottom of the spherical shell-shaped structural body.
The die for manufacturing the spherical shell-shaped structural body comprises a first male die, a first female die, a second male die and a second female die, wherein the first male die and the first female die are used for mutually matched machining of an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male die and the second female die are used for mutually matched machining of a lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section; annular grooves are formed in the first male die and the second male die.
Application: firstly, assembling an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section of a spherical shell-shaped structure, filling a curable substance in a groove a, curing, and then putting the spherical shell-shaped structure and other components into a karst cave to form a filler, wherein the other components areComprises plain soil, cement, slag and Na 2 SO 4 CaO and polyester fibers; wherein the total mass of cement and slag is 25% of the mass of plain soil, the mass ratio of cement to slag is 5:5, na 2 SO 4 And CaO is 10% of the slag mass, na 2 SO 4 The mass ratio of the filler to CaO is 3:2, and the total volume ratio of the spherical shell-shaped structural body in the filler is 70%; the mass of the polyester fiber is 0.5% of the mass of the filler; when the liquid is put into the karst cave, the spherical shell-shaped structural body is firstly put into the karst cave until the volume of the liquid in the karst cave is unchanged, and then other components are put into the karst cave.
When the karst cave with the same height is backfilled, compared with a rubble and clay backfill method, the backfill method provided by the invention has the advantages that the volume of the backfilled pile body is reduced by 35%, the backfill times can be effectively reduced by 30%, the construction period is shortened by 34%, and the strength of the pile body is improved by 5 times.

Claims (5)

1. The structure is characterized by comprising a capsule-shaped shell and a support piece which is fixed in the capsule-shaped shell and used for providing support strength for the capsule-shaped shell;
the capsule-shaped shell comprises an upper hemispherical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower hemispherical section which are sequentially arranged along the length direction; the middle cylindrical section, the lower hemispherical section and the supporting piece are integrally formed; the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section are connected in an assembled manner in the following manner:
the upper hemispherical section is connected with the middle cylindrical section in an assembling way through a cylindrical ring and a groove b which are matched with each other in a concave-convex way; the cylindrical ring and the upper hemispherical section are integrally formed, the cylindrical ring and the capsule-shaped shell are coaxial, the upper surface of the cylindrical ring is attached to the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section, the inner diameter of the cylindrical ring is the same as that of the upper hemispherical section, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical ring is smaller than that of the upper hemispherical section; the groove b is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cylindrical section;
the cross section of the support piece is Y-shaped, the support piece is composed of 3 support plates and connecting columns, the support plates are half of the oblong vertical plates after being cut along the long symmetry axis, the support plates comprise two thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the other thickness surface is a plane; the connecting column is a triangular prism, the plane thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are respectively attached to the 3 side surfaces of the triangular prism, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 3 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the included angle between every two adjacent 2 supporting plates is 120 degrees;
The outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned in the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned in the middle cylindrical section; the groove a is filled with a curable substance, so that the locking of the upper hemispherical section and the middle cylindrical section can be realized, and the integrity of the capsule-shaped structural body is ensured;
the capsule-shaped shell is provided with a round table type through hole communicated with the inner space and the outer space of the capsule-shaped shell, the large end of the round table type through hole is intersected with the outer surface of the capsule-shaped shell, and the small end of the round table type through hole is intersected with the inner surface of the capsule-shaped shell;
the structure is used for being thrown into a karst cave with other components to form a filler, wherein the other components comprise plain soil, cement and slag.
2. A structure according to claim 1, wherein the groove a is an i-shaped groove or a zigzag-shaped groove.
3. A structure comprising a spherical shell and two support members fixed in the spherical shell for providing support strength to the spherical shell;
the spherical shell comprises an upper hemispherical section and a lower hemispherical section which are connected in an assembled manner; one support piece is positioned in the upper hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the other support piece is positioned in the lower hemispherical section and is integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section;
the assembly connection of the upper hemispherical segment and the lower hemispherical segment means that: the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section are connected in an assembling way through a plug post and a jack which are matched in a concave-convex way; the inserting column is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper hemispherical section or the top surface of the lower hemispherical section, and the inserting hole is arranged on the lower hemispherical section or the upper hemispherical section;
The two supporting pieces are identical in shape, and cross sections of the two supporting pieces are cross-shaped; the support piece is composed of 4 support plates and connecting columns; the supporting plate is a 1/4 circular plate and comprises three thickness surfaces, one thickness surface is a curved surface, and the two thickness surfaces are planes; the connecting column is a quadrangular prism, one plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is respectively attached to 4 side surfaces of the quadrangular prism, the other plane thickness surface of each 4 supporting plates is flush with the lower surface of the upper hemispherical section or the upper surface of the lower hemispherical section, the curved surface thickness surfaces of the 4 supporting plates are simultaneously attached to the inner surface of the spherical shell, and the included angle of each 2 adjacent supporting plates is 90 degrees;
the outer surface of the ball shell is provided with a groove a, one part of the groove a is positioned on the upper hemispherical section, and the other part of the groove a is positioned on the lower hemispherical section; the groove a is filled with a curable substance, so that the locking of the upper hemispherical section and the lower hemispherical section can be realized, and the integrity of the spherical shell-shaped structural body is ensured;
the structure is used for being thrown into a karst cave with other components to form a filler, wherein the other components comprise plain soil, cement and slag.
4. A structure according to claim 3, wherein the groove a is an i-shaped groove or a zigzag-shaped groove.
5. A mold for manufacturing a structural body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a first male mold, a first female mold, a second male mold and a second female mold, wherein the first male mold and the first female mold are used for mutually matching and processing an upper hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the upper hemispherical section, and the second male mold and the second female mold are used for mutually matching and processing a lower hemispherical section and a part integrally formed with the lower hemispherical section.
CN202210699813.9A 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof Active CN115198753B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210699813.9A CN115198753B (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210699813.9A CN115198753B (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115198753A CN115198753A (en) 2022-10-18
CN115198753B true CN115198753B (en) 2023-07-04

Family

ID=83576630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210699813.9A Active CN115198753B (en) 2022-06-20 2022-06-20 Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115198753B (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318412A (en) * 2019-06-05 2019-10-11 广东建邦兴业集团有限公司 A kind of solution cavity pile base construction method

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE608998A (en) * 1960-11-24 1962-02-01 Morten Lassen-Nielsen Method of molding concrete construction elements and means intended for its implementation
GB1384177A (en) * 1972-06-05 1975-02-19 Exchem Holdings Method of and reinforcing elements for stabilisation of rock
NZ239368A (en) * 1991-08-12 1995-07-26 William Grant Brown Method of forming a building foundation pile which includes lowering a pre-cast foundation pad into a bored vertical shaft
JP4705467B2 (en) * 2005-12-26 2011-06-22 大成建設株式会社 Construction method of underground structure
US9315992B2 (en) * 2012-02-18 2016-04-19 Geovent LLC Convex structural block for constructing parabolic walls
CN103485336B (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-06-24 中铁二十局集团有限公司 Drilling pile drilling construction method of bead-type karst area
CN106013177B (en) * 2016-05-19 2018-03-27 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Processing method and blocking structure for drilling of pile foundation into karst
WO2017212317A1 (en) * 2016-06-09 2017-12-14 Mirkhani Seyed Soroush A slab filler
CN108222496B (en) * 2016-12-21 2019-12-13 清华大学 Flexible pouring template and construction method
CN108265706A (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-07-10 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 Engineering pile in karst cave geology and pile forming process
CN108570983B (en) * 2018-04-20 2021-02-09 桂林电子科技大学 Pile foundation construction method of large karst cave without filler and pile casing thereof
KR102059470B1 (en) * 2018-11-14 2019-12-26 송영조 assembling unit for reinforcement of foundation and structrue using it
CN109487780A (en) * 2019-01-13 2019-03-19 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of steel pipe combination skeleton slip casting solution cavity interstitital texture with holes and construction method
CN110026521B (en) * 2019-05-22 2020-06-23 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 Combined punch device with straight section thick-wall hemispherical end socket
CN210946866U (en) * 2019-06-06 2020-07-07 浙江华云电力工程设计咨询有限公司 Prefabricated shell spiral anchor composite foundation
CN111218926A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-06-02 湖北工业大学 Construction process of dry-construction bored pile penetrating through karst cave
CN111535292A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-08-14 山西路桥第一工程有限公司 One-large-three-small pile foundation leakage treatment construction method
CN214143680U (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-09-07 上海工程技术大学 Anchoring device of recoverable stock
CN113373948A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-09-10 上海工程技术大学 Protective structure for repairing unstable expansive soil slope and construction method thereof
CN215518717U (en) * 2021-07-07 2022-01-14 华邦建投集团股份有限公司 Shell-structure filler and manufacturing tool thereof
CN215876043U (en) * 2021-09-10 2022-02-22 泰安市金水龙金属容器有限公司 Novel porous separation explosion-proof filler

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318412A (en) * 2019-06-05 2019-10-11 广东建邦兴业集团有限公司 A kind of solution cavity pile base construction method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115198753A (en) 2022-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102312426B (en) Prefabricated rotary drilling compound pile and construction method thereof
CN111719565A (en) Deep foundation pit support structure and construction method thereof
CN102425159A (en) Pile cutting construction method of bored concrete pile
CN102644269A (en) Non-earth-borrowing composite pile and construction method thereof
CN110056000B (en) Construction method and structure of counter weight type retaining wall
CN108035362A (en) Mixing pile inner sleeve beats the foundation pit enclosure structure and construction method of quincunx bored concrete pile
CN109972630A (en) A kind of foundation pit enclosure structure and its construction method of the assembly of PC component
CN213392269U (en) Novel coal mine underground sealing wall using 3D printing technology
CN115198753B (en) Structure, manufacturing mold and application thereof
CN105369799A (en) Concrete precast pile of precast pile underground diaphragm wall and construction method of precast pile underground diaphragm wall
CN111455973A (en) Composite foundation structure of prefabricated solid CFG pile and construction method thereof
CN213448541U (en) Arch bridge foundation of limestone foundation under deep round gravel layer
CN113149548A (en) Water-rich silty-fine sand layer super-large-diameter dense pile group empty pile backfill material and method
CN111485571A (en) Arch bridge foundation of limestone foundation under deep round gravel layer and construction method thereof
CN217583405U (en) High-bearing-capacity backrest device for pipe jacking construction
CN111254965B (en) Grouting type recycled concrete precast pier foundation and manufacturing method thereof
CN207944290U (en) The floated tubular Crossing brace connection structure of prefabricated pier, plate
CN209759947U (en) Assembled concrete pavement slab and pavement that permeates water
CN114164725A (en) Highway bridge roadbed pavement and construction method thereof
CN207567600U (en) A kind of prefabricated pier, plate fast joint structure
CN212772363U (en) Civil building foundation construction reinforcing apparatus
CN218090953U (en) A partition structure for interim mid-board is demolishd
CN115030757A (en) Foam concrete monomer prefabricated column for underground mine
CN221218874U (en) Integrated template structure of high and large bearing platform
CN206971208U (en) Pile bottom post grouting armored concrete pretensioned prestressing hollow square pile

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant