CN115173073B - Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna - Google Patents
Aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115173073B CN115173073B CN202210726710.7A CN202210726710A CN115173073B CN 115173073 B CN115173073 B CN 115173073B CN 202210726710 A CN202210726710 A CN 202210726710A CN 115173073 B CN115173073 B CN 115173073B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0046—Theoretical analysis and design methods of such selective devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application discloses an aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna, which comprises an aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor and a printed dipole antenna; the printed dipole antenna is positioned right above the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor; the artificial magnetic conductor units printed on the high-frequency substrate are consistent in structure but not completely consistent in size. For simple design, the non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor adopts a central symmetrical structure. For practical application, a total of 72 artificial magnetic conductor units distributed in 8 rows and 9 columns are selected; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor is vertically symmetrical, and the structures of the artificial magnetic conductor units in each row are the same in size; but are different from the artificial magnetic conductors of other rows, and the central line of each row is positioned on the same straight line; the non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor layer is positioned below the printed dipole antenna to replace the metal ground of the traditional printed dipole antenna. The structural parameters of the printed dipole antenna and the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor are optimized through a genetic algorithm, so that low profile and broadband are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna.
Background
Metamaterials have been attracting attention from many researchers in recent years because they have physical properties that do not exist in nature. The research of the metamaterial has great scientific significance to the field of electromagnetism and has wide application prospect in the field of engineering for manufacturing wireless communication equipment. The metamaterials related to electromagnetism can be classified into: left-handed materials (Left handed materials, LHM) with negative permittivity and permeability, unlike conventional transmission lines, left/right-handed composite transmission lines (right/left-handed transmission lines, CRLH) with broadband, low loss and easy-to-process characteristics, can be modeled as electromagnetic bandgap structures (Electromagnetic band gap, EBG) to the microwave frequency band according to photonic bandgap concepts, and artificial magnetic conductors (Artificial magnetic conductor, AMC) that can achieve zero-phase reflection of electromagnetic waves in certain frequency bands, and the like. The artificial magnetic conductor is found by American scholars D.Sievenpier in research of mushroom-type electromagnetic band gap characteristics.
Most of the research on the traditional artificial magnetic conductor is still a periodic structure with the same cell size and pitch size. Less research is being done with respect to non-periodic artificial magnetic conductors and their application in the field of antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna provided by the application provides an aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor antenna with better performance index than that of the traditional periodic artificial magnetic conductor antenna.
In order to achieve the aim of the application, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
providing a non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna, comprising a non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor and a printed dipole antenna; the printed dipole antenna is positioned right above the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor comprises a first dielectric substrate, and 72 artificial magnetizer units distributed according to 8 rows and 9 columns are arranged on the first dielectric substrate; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor is vertically symmetrical, and the structures of the artificial magnetizer units in each row are the same in size; the central lines of each row are positioned on the same straight line;
the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor are automatically optimized through a genetic algorithm based on the section height of the whole antenna structure, and the optimization target is broadband low section.
Further, the fitness function in the genetic algorithm is:
Fun=(BW_R1-BW_L1)×K 1 +hx×K 2
wherein Fun represents fitness function values; BW_R1 represents the right frequency point of optimizing the obtained impedance bandwidth; BW_L1 is the left frequency point of the optimized obtained impedance bandwidth; k (K) 1 And K 2 The weight parameters of the bandwidth and the low profile are respectively; hx is the profile height of the entire antenna structure; and after the iteration of the genetic algorithm is finished, taking the parameters corresponding to the population individuals with the maximum fitness function value as the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor.
Further, K 1 =0.6,K 2 =0.4。
Further, the width dy of each artificial magnetizer unit is 9.25mm; the length dx1 of the artificial magnetizer units in the 1 st row and the 8 th row is 11mm; the length dx2 of the artificial magnetizer units in the 2 nd row and the 7 th row is 8.7mm; the length dx3 of the artificial magnetizer units in the 3 rd row and the 6 th row is 8.3mm; the length dx4 of the artificial magnetizer units in the 4 th row and the 5 th row is 7.7mm; the distance between two adjacent rows is 1.725mm, and the distance between two adjacent artificial magnetizer units in the same row is 1.725mm.
Further, the printed dipole antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate, and two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate;
the length L2 of the upper feeder line of the second dielectric substrate is 12.4mm; the width W3 of the lower gradual change trapezoidal feeder line of the second medium substrate is 2.7mm; the length W of the second medium substrate is 46.5mm; the width L of the second dielectric substrate is 50mm;
the space S between the two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches is 2.4mm; the upper base width W1 of the single trapezoidal antenna radiating patch is 12.9mm, the lower base width W2 is 21.2mm, and the height L1 is 10.7mm.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: compared with the traditional periodic artificial magnetic conductor antenna, the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna not only maintains the low-profile characteristic of the antenna, but also has wider bandwidth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the simulation curve of the non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna |S11|;
FIG. 4 is an E-plane pattern of the present aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna;
fig. 5 is an H-plane pattern of the present aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna.
Wherein: 1. a first dielectric substrate; 2. a second dielectric substrate; 3. a trapezoidal antenna radiating patch; 4. and a manual magnetizer unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application is provided to facilitate understanding of the present application by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the applications which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present application as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2 (Coaxial cable represents Coaxial cable feed, AMC represents artificial magnetizer unit 4, ground plane represents ground plane), the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna includes an aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor and a printed dipole antenna; the printed dipole antenna is positioned right above the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor comprises a first dielectric substrate 1, and 72 artificial magnetizer units 4 distributed according to 8 rows and 9 columns are arranged on the first dielectric substrate 1; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor is vertically symmetrical, and the structure sizes of the artificial magnetizer units 4 in each row are the same; the central lines of each row are positioned on the same straight line;
the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor are automatically optimized through a genetic algorithm based on the section height of the whole antenna structure, and the optimization target is broadband low section. Parameters optimized by genetic algorithm are specifically: the upper bottom width W1 of the single trapezoid antenna radiation patch 3, the lower bottom width W2 of the single trapezoid antenna radiation patch 3, the height L1 of the single trapezoid antenna radiation patch 3, the upper feeder length L2 of the second dielectric substrate 2, the width W3 of the lower gradual trapezoid feeder of the second dielectric substrate 2, the width L of the second dielectric substrate 2, the spacing S of the two trapezoid antenna radiation patches 3, the width and length of each artificial magnetizer unit 4, the spacing of two adjacent rows of artificial magnetizer units 4, and the spacing of two adjacent artificial magnetizer units 4 in the same row.
The fitness function in the genetic algorithm is:
Fun=(BW_R1-BW_L1)×K 1 +hx×K 2
wherein Fun represents fitness function values; BW_R1 represents the right frequency point of optimizing the obtained impedance bandwidth; BW_L1 is the left frequency point of the optimized obtained impedance bandwidth; k (K) 1 And K 2 The weight parameters of the bandwidth and the low profile are respectively; hx is the profile height of the entire antenna structure; and after the iteration of the genetic algorithm is finished, taking the parameters corresponding to the population individuals with the maximum fitness function value as the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor. K (K) 1 =0.6,K 2 =0.4。
In one embodiment of the application, the width dy of each artificial magnetizer unit 4 is 9.25mm; the length dx1 of the artificial magnetizer units 4 in the 1 st row and the 8 th row is 11mm; the length dx2 of the artificial magnetizer units 4 in the 2 nd row and the 7 th row is 8.7mm; the length dx3 of the artificial magnetizer units 4 in the 3 rd row and the 6 th row is 8.3mm; the length dx4 of the artificial magnetizer units 4 in the 4 th row and the 5 th row is 7.7mm; the distance between two adjacent rows is 1.725mm, and the distance between two adjacent artificial magnetizer units 4 in the same row is 1.725mm.
The printed dipole antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate 2, and two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches 3 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2; the length L2 of the upper feeder line of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 12.4mm; the width W3 of the lower gradual change trapezoidal feeder line of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 2.7mm; the length W of the second medium substrate 2 is 46.5mm; the width L of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 50mm; the spacing S of the two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches 3 is 2.4mm; the upper bottom width W1 of the single trapezoidal antenna radiation patch 3 is 12.9mm, the lower bottom width W2 is 21.2mm, and the height L1 is 10.7mm. Both dielectric substrates can be dielectric substrates with dielectric constants of 4.3 and can be made of FR-4 materials.
And (3) constructing a real object based on the parameters and carrying out S parameter test and pattern test. The S-parameter test results are shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5. It can be seen that the directional diagram test E-plane has good agreement, and the H-plane has deviation, which may be mainly measurement errors caused by limited machining precision and influence of test environment.
The aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna of the application was compared with the conventional antenna in performance, and the comparison result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the bandwidth of the present antenna is larger than the printed dipole antenna without the artificial magnetic conductor and the printed dipole antenna with the periodic artificial magnetic conductor, and the thickness of the present antenna is smaller than the printed dipole antenna without the artificial magnetic conductor and the printed dipole antenna with the periodic artificial magnetic conductor.
Claims (4)
1. A non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna, comprising a non-periodic artificial magnetic conductor and a printed dipole antenna; the printed dipole antenna is positioned right above the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor; the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor comprises a first dielectric substrate (1), and 72 artificial magnetizer units (4) distributed according to 8 rows and 9 columns are arranged on the first dielectric substrate (1); the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor is vertically symmetrical, and the structures of the artificial magnetizer units (4) in each row are the same in size; the central lines of each row are positioned on the same straight line;
the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor are automatically optimized through a genetic algorithm based on the section height of the whole antenna structure, and the optimization target is broadband low section;
the fitness function in the genetic algorithm is:
Fun=(BW_R1-BW_L1)×K 1 +hx×K 2
wherein Fun represents fitness function values; BW_R1 represents the right frequency point of optimizing the obtained impedance bandwidth; BW_L1 is the left frequency point of the optimized obtained impedance bandwidth; k (K) 1 And K 2 The weight parameters of the bandwidth and the low profile are respectively; hx is the profile height of the entire antenna structure; and after the iteration of the genetic algorithm is finished, taking the parameters corresponding to the population individuals with the maximum fitness function value as the parameters of the aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor.
2. The aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna as defined in claim 1, wherein K 1 =0.6,K 2 =0.4。
3. The aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the width dy of each artificial magnetizer unit (4) is 9.25mm; the length dx1 of the artificial magnetizer units (4) in the 1 st row and the 8 th row is 11mm; the length dx2 of the artificial magnetizer units (4) in the 2 nd row and the 7 th row is 8.7mm; the length dx3 of the artificial magnetizer units (4) in the 3 rd row and the 6 th row is 8.3mm; the length dx4 of the artificial magnetizer units (4) in the 4 th row and the 5 th row is 7.7mm; the distance between two adjacent rows is 1.725mm, and the distance between two adjacent artificial magnetizer units (4) in the same row is 1.725mm.
4. The aperiodic artificial magnetic conductor printed dipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the printed dipole antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate (2), and two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches (3) are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate (2);
the length L2 of the upper feeder line of the second dielectric substrate (2) is 12.4mm; the width W3 of the lower gradual change trapezoid feeder line of the second medium substrate (2) is 2.7mm; the length W of the second medium substrate (2) is 46.5mm;
the width L of the second dielectric substrate (2) is 50mm;
the space S between the two trapezoidal antenna radiation patches (3) is 2.4mm; the width W1 of the upper bottom of the single trapezoid antenna radiation patch (3) is 12.9mm, the width W2 of the lower bottom is 21.2mm, and the height L1 is 10.7mm.
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