CN115161443A - Annealing process of heat-resistant steel - Google Patents
Annealing process of heat-resistant steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115161443A CN115161443A CN202210900196.4A CN202210900196A CN115161443A CN 115161443 A CN115161443 A CN 115161443A CN 202210900196 A CN202210900196 A CN 202210900196A CN 115161443 A CN115161443 A CN 115161443A
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- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-resistant steel annealing process, which comprises the following steps: step 1, annealing for the first time, wherein a fast forward and fast out stress relief annealing mode is adopted; step 2, secondary annealing, namely directly performing secondary furnace charging and annealing after the steel is discharged from the furnace after the primary annealing, and reducing the oxidation phenomenon by adopting a slow-in slow-out type softening and annealing mode and nitrogen protective atmosphere in the whole furnace; and 3, discharging from the furnace, air cooling, reasonably designing the annealing temperature and the roller speed of each section through a 'stress relief annealing' + 'softening annealing' twice annealing mode, so that the round steel can quickly release the structure stress, the appearance of surface stress cracks is reduced or eliminated, then combining the processing requirements of users, setting the proper annealing temperature and the roller speed, reducing the hardness, simultaneously obtaining uniform structures, and finally obtaining the heat-resistant steel with excellent surface quality, moderate hardness and good structure uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a heat-resistant steel annealing process.
Background
The heat-resistant steel T5 has good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and structure stability, and is widely applied to petrochemical industry furnace tubes, heat exchanger tubes, pipelines and the like. T5 round steel takes place the structure transformation in hot rolling cooling process, changes into the bainite by the austenite, because bainite structure stress is big, hardness scheduling problem on the high side, if not annealing treatment in time, the round steel surface easily produces fine crack, can' T satisfy the downstream user and process the demand, therefore the round steel needs annealing treatment. However, the improper annealing process causes problems of poor surface quality, large fluctuation of annealing hardness, uneven structure and the like of the round steel, and brings adverse effects to downstream processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-resistant steel annealing process aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the problems comprises the following steps: a heat-resistant steel annealing process comprises the following steps:
step 1, annealing for the first time, wherein a fast forward and fast out stress relief annealing mode is adopted, the temperature of a 1-8 area of an annealing furnace is set to be 560 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 9 area is set to be 500 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 10 area is set to be 480 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 11 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 12 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, and the temperature of a 13 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃;
step 2, secondary annealing, wherein the steel is directly subjected to secondary furnace loading and annealing after being discharged from the furnace after the primary annealing, a slow-in slow-out type softening and annealing mode is adopted, and the oxidation phenomenon is reduced in the whole process of nitrogen protection atmosphere in the furnace; the temperature of the annealing furnace is set to 550 +/-5 ℃ in the 1-8 areas, 680 +/-5 ℃ in the 2 areas, 770 +/-5 ℃ in the 3 areas, 790 +/-5 ℃ in the 4-6 areas, 740 +/-5 ℃ in the 7 areas, 700 +/-5 ℃ in the 8 areas, 650 +/-5 ℃ in the 9 areas, 600 +/-5 ℃ in the 10 areas, 550 +/-5 ℃ in the 11 areas, 500 +/-5 ℃ in the 12 areas and 450 +/-5 ℃ in the 13 areas;
and step 3, discharging and air cooling.
Further, the first annealing roller speed is 20-30m/h.
Further, the second annealing roller speed was 3.5m/h.
Furthermore, a roller hearth type continuous annealing furnace is adopted, the furnace section is divided into 13 zones, the total length is 65m, the lengths of the 1-2 zones are all 6m, the lengths of the 3-6 zones are all 4.5m, and the lengths of the 7-13 zones are all 5m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a heat-resistant steel annealing process, which reasonably designs the annealing temperature and the roller speed of each section through a 'stress relief annealing' + 'softening annealing' two-time annealing mode, so that round steel can quickly complete the release of the structural stress, the appearance of surface stress cracks is reduced or eliminated, then the proper annealing temperature and the roller speed are set according to the processing requirements of users, the hardness is reduced, the uniform tissue is obtained, and finally the heat-resistant steel with excellent surface quality, moderate hardness and good tissue uniformity is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a CCT transition curve of a heat-resistant steel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an annealed microstructure of the heat-resistant steel according to example 1;
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The process adopts a roller hearth type continuous annealing furnace, the furnace section is divided into 13 zones, the total length is 65m, wherein the lengths of the 1-2 zones are 6m, the lengths of the 3-6 zones are 4.5m, and the lengths of the 7-13 zones are 5m;
an annealing process of heat-resistant steel comprises the following steps:
step 1, annealing for the first time, wherein a fast forward and fast out stress relief annealing mode is adopted, the temperature of a 1-8 area of an annealing furnace is set to be 560 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 9 area is set to be 500 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 10 area is set to be 480 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 11 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 12 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, and the temperature of a 13 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃; the roller speed is 20-30m/h;
step 2, secondary annealing, wherein the steel is directly subjected to secondary furnace loading and annealing after being discharged from the furnace after the primary annealing, a slow-in slow-out type softening and annealing mode is adopted, and the oxidation phenomenon is reduced in the whole process of nitrogen protection atmosphere in the furnace; the temperature of the annealing furnace is set to 550 +/-5 ℃ in the 1-8 areas, 680 +/-5 ℃ in the 2 areas, 770 +/-5 ℃ in the 3 areas, 790 +/-5 ℃ in the 4-6 areas, 740 +/-5 ℃ in the 7 areas, 700 +/-5 ℃ in the 8 areas, 650 +/-5 ℃ in the 9 areas, 600 +/-5 ℃ in the 10 areas, 550 +/-5 ℃ in the 11 areas, 500 +/-5 ℃ in the 12 areas and 450 +/-5 ℃ in the 13 areas; the roller speed is 3.5m/h;
and step 3, discharging and air cooling.
Example 1: take phi 50 specification heat-resistant steel annealing process as an example.
The annealing process comprises the following steps: the first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 560 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.3 hours, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 500 ℃ and 480 ℃, and finally the temperature is cooled to 450 ℃, and the steel plate is taken out of the furnace for air cooling. Gradually raising the temperature to 790 ℃ in the second softening annealing process, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then slowly lowering the temperature at the temperature lowering rate of less than or equal to 50 ℃ in each interval, finally cooling to 450 ℃, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling.
The surface quality, hardness and structure of the heat-resistant steel after annealing were examined, the examination and evaluation results are shown in table 1, and the heat-resistant steel annealed structure is shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 1
Example 2: take an annealing process of heat-resistant steel with phi 55 specification as an example.
The annealing process comprises the following steps: the first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.5 hours, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 500 ℃ and 485 ℃, and finally the temperature is cooled to 445 ℃, and the steel is taken out of the furnace and cooled. Gradually raising the temperature to 793 ℃ in the second softening annealing, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then slowly lowering the temperature in a temperature-lowering gradient of less than or equal to 50 ℃ in each interval, finally cooling to 450 ℃, discharging and air cooling.
The surface quality, hardness and texture of the heat-resistant steel after annealing were examined, and the examination and evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Detecting items | Evaluation results |
| Surface quality | Round steel magnetic leakage qualification rate 94% (defect depth 0.2 mm) |
| Hardness of annealing | Cross section hardness 178-182HBW |
| Microstructure of | Homogeneous ferrite + point carbide |
Example 3: take an annealing process of heat-resistant steel with a phi 60 specification as an example.
The annealing process comprises the following steps: the first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2 hours, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 505 ℃ and 485 ℃, and finally the temperature is cooled to 445 ℃, and the mixture is discharged and air-cooled. Gradually raising the temperature to 795 ℃ in the second softening annealing, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then slowly lowering the temperature at the temperature lowering rate of less than or equal to 50 ℃ in each interval, finally cooling to 445 ℃, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling.
The surface quality, hardness and texture of the heat-resistant steel after annealing were examined, and the examination and evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| Detecting items | Evaluation results |
| Surface quality | Round steel magnetic leakage qualification rate 93% (defect depth 0.2 mm) |
| Hardness of annealing | HBW with hardness of 179-183 |
| Microstructure of | Homogeneous ferrite + point carbide |
Example 4: take phi 65 specification heat-resistant steel annealing process as an example.
The annealing process comprises the following steps: the first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.8 hours, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 505 ℃ and 480 ℃, and finally the temperature is cooled to 455 ℃ and the steel is taken out of the furnace for air cooling. Gradually raising the temperature to 794 ℃ in the second softening annealing, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then slowly lowering the temperature at the rate of less than or equal to 50 ℃ in each interval, and finally cooling to 453 ℃ and discharging from the furnace for air cooling.
The surface quality, hardness and texture of the heat-resistant steel after annealing were examined, and the examination and evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Example 5: take phi 70 specification T5 annealing process as an example.
The annealing process comprises the following steps: the first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 565 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2 hours, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 503 ℃ and 485 ℃, and finally the temperature is cooled to 455 ℃ and the furnace is taken out for air cooling. Gradually raising the temperature to 795 ℃ in the second softening annealing, preserving the heat for 4 hours, then slowly lowering the temperature at the temperature lowering rate of less than or equal to 50 ℃ in each interval, finally cooling to 445 ℃, and discharging from the furnace for air cooling.
The surface quality, hardness and texture of the heat-resistant steel after annealing were examined, and the examination and evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
| Detecting items | Evaluation results |
| Surface quality | Round steel magnetic leakage qualification rate of 90% (defect depth of 0.2 mm) |
| Annealing hardness | Hardness of 180-184HBW |
| Microstructure of | Homogeneous ferrite + point carbide |
As shown in fig. 1, the CCT transformation curve of the heat-resistant steel indicates that bainite transformation occurs in the T5 hot-rolled round steel during cooling, and the microstructure is mainly bainite. The first stress relief annealing is carried out, the temperature is raised to 560 +/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for a certain time, the epsilon-carbide particles in the bainite structure are promoted to be gradually decomposed and transformed, then the temperature is slowly reduced and the temperature is cooled until the bainite structure is discharged, the internal stress of the structure is rapidly released, and the probability of generating surface microcracks is reduced. After the first annealing is finished, the round steel is directly charged into a furnace and begins to be subjected to second softening annealing treatment, the temperature is gradually increased to 790 +/-5 ℃ and is kept for 4 hours, so that a bainite structure is completely dissolved, and theta-carbide in a pearlite structure is partially decomposed, and then the temperature is slowly reduced and cooled until the structure is completely converted into ferrite and point-like carbide, so that the stress is eliminated and the hardness is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A heat-resistant steel annealing process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, annealing for the first time, wherein a fast forward and fast out stress relief annealing mode is adopted, the temperature of a 1-8 area of the annealing furnace is set to be 560 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 9 area is set to be 500 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 10 area is set to be 480 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 11 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of a 12 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃, and the temperature of a 13 area is set to be 450 +/-5 ℃;
step 2, secondary annealing, wherein the steel is directly subjected to secondary furnace loading and annealing after being discharged from the furnace after the primary annealing, a slow-in slow-out type softening and annealing mode is adopted, and the oxidation phenomenon is reduced in the whole process of nitrogen protection atmosphere in the furnace; the temperature of 1-8 zones of the annealing furnace is set to 550 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 2 zones is set to 680 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 3 zones is set to 770 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 4-6 zones is set to 790 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 7 zones is set to 740 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 8 zones is set to 700 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 9 zones is set to 650 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 10 zones is set to 600 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 11 zones is set to 550 +/-5 ℃, the temperature of 12 zones is set to 500 +/-5 ℃ and the temperature of 13 zones is set to 450 +/-5 ℃;
and step 3, discharging and air cooling.
2. The annealing process of heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first annealing roller speed is 20-30m/h.
3. The annealing process of heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second annealing roller speed was 3.5m/h.
4. The annealing process of heat resistant steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a roller-hearth continuous annealing furnace is adopted, the furnace section is divided into 13 zones, the total length is 65m, the lengths of the 1-2 zones are all 6m, the lengths of the 3-6 zones are all 4.5m, and the lengths of the 7-13 zones are all 5m.
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Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04202629A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-23 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Production of cold rolled high carbon steel strip excellent in workability |
| CN1609238A (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2005-04-27 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
| WO2011126064A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with excellent formability and process for producing same |
| CN203080026U (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-07-24 | 东莞市粤钢不锈钢制品有限公司 | Stainless steel wire continuous annealing furnace |
| CN105821184A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Heat treatment method for low-chromium-nickel heat resistant steel |
| CN111560499A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-21 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Annealing process of steel for high-strength-grade mining chain |
| CN113621773A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-09 | 湖北大帆金属制品有限公司 | SK85 carbon tool steel |
| CN114657334A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-24 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Annealing process of mining circular chain steel 23MnNiMoCr54 with both structure control and hardness control |
-
2022
- 2022-07-28 CN CN202210900196.4A patent/CN115161443A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04202629A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-23 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Production of cold rolled high carbon steel strip excellent in workability |
| CN1609238A (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2005-04-27 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Softening annealing heat treating method for 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel |
| WO2011126064A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | High-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with excellent formability and process for producing same |
| CN203080026U (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-07-24 | 东莞市粤钢不锈钢制品有限公司 | Stainless steel wire continuous annealing furnace |
| CN105821184A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Heat treatment method for low-chromium-nickel heat resistant steel |
| CN111560499A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-21 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Annealing process of steel for high-strength-grade mining chain |
| CN113621773A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-09 | 湖北大帆金属制品有限公司 | SK85 carbon tool steel |
| CN114657334A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-24 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Annealing process of mining circular chain steel 23MnNiMoCr54 with both structure control and hardness control |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘宗昌;李文学;任慧平;: "高效节能退火新工艺", 热处理技术与装备, no. 03, pages 29 - 39 * |
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Application publication date: 20221011 |