CN115077410B - Geological early warning method based on oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement - Google Patents
Geological early warning method based on oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN115077410B CN115077410B CN202210773934.3A CN202210773934A CN115077410B CN 115077410 B CN115077410 B CN 115077410B CN 202210773934 A CN202210773934 A CN 202210773934A CN 115077410 B CN115077410 B CN 115077410B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an optical cable accompanied by an oil and gas pipeline, which relates to the technical field of geological disaster early warning of the oil and gas pipeline, and aims to solve the problems that the identification of geological disaster points is incomplete, the identification is mainly manual, the workload is large, the overall identification cannot be realized, the risk of unidentified geological disasters is larger, the direct monitoring method and the indirect monitoring method are usually aimed at specific geological bodies or located pipe bodies which are already definitely geological disasters or potential geological disasters, and the unidentified potential geological disaster areas are unlikely to be in the monitoring range at present, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a section of buried companion cable, excavating a groove with the length of 5m and the width of 50cm, wherein the depth is the burial depth of the companion cable, and exposing the companion cable; and (5) constructing a portal frame stretching device. The effect of accurately monitoring the geological condition of the full-end oil way pipeline in real time is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster early warning of oil and gas pipelines, in particular to a geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an optical cable accompanied by an oil and gas pipeline.
Background
The geological disaster is one of the main factors threatening the safety of the pipeline, and can effectively and timely discover, forecast and forecast the occurrence of the geological disaster, so that the management and control of the geological disaster risk are realized, the method has important significance for ensuring the safety of the long oil and gas pipeline, and the geological disaster is influenced by various factors such as geological conditions, induction reasons and the like, and has the characteristics of complexity, changeability and randomness, so that the position of geological disaster monitoring and early warning is more and more prominent, and the pipeline geological disaster monitoring is also gradually valued.
Existing pipeline geological disaster monitoring can be broadly divided into two main categories: the direct monitoring method is to arrange sensors on the long-distance pipeline body for monitoring, and the stress condition of the pipeline body is known through monitoring the stress and the strain of the pipeline body, so that the pipeline safety is evaluated; the indirect monitoring method is to monitor the geological disaster threatening the pipeline, and judge the influence on the pipeline safety by monitoring the activity of the geological disaster or the change of environmental influence factors.
The prior art solutions described above have the following drawbacks: the geological disaster point is not comprehensively identified, the manual identification is mainly performed at present, the workload is large, the overall identification cannot be performed, the risk of unidentified geological disasters is larger, the direct monitoring method and the indirect monitoring method are usually aimed at specific geological bodies or located pipes which are already definitely geological disasters or potential geological disasters, and unidentified potential geological disaster areas are unlikely to be listed in the monitoring range at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable, which can accurately monitor the geological condition of an all-end oil way pipeline in real time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a section of buried companion cable, excavating a groove with the length of 5m and the width of 50cm, wherein the depth is the burial depth of the companion cable, and exposing the companion cable;
S2, building a portal frame stretching device, wherein the portal frame stretching device consists of a portal frame, pulleys, a pull rope, a measuring scale and a distributed strain demodulation instrument, then building a portal frame in the center of a groove, installing the pulleys in the center of a beam at the upper part of the portal frame, and gradually applying displacement to the accompanying optical cable through stretching the connecting pulleys and the accompanying optical cable;
S3, stretching the optical cable with the auxiliary line step by step, recording a stretching displacement value through a measuring scale, and measuring the strain values of the optical cable with the auxiliary line at different stretching orders by using a distributed strain demodulation device;
s4, selecting the maximum strain value of each stage, making a displacement-strain curve, and performing data fitting;
S5, according to the change rule of the displacement-strain curve, selecting critical values of the slow increasing section and the fast increasing section as early warning values for deformation monitoring based on the accompanying optical cable, and monitoring geological disaster conditions in the pipeline through the early warning values.
By adopting the technical scheme, the advantages of long distance and distribution of the distributed optical fiber technology are exerted, the companion optical cable laid in the same ditch of the oil and gas pipeline is utilized, the distributed monitoring of deformation caused by geological disasters and the like along the oil and gas pipeline and the early warning of the whole line operation safety of the pipeline are realized.
Further, in the step S1 of the present invention, the optical fiber cable may be directly buried in the soil body, or the optical fiber cable may be covered with a silicon core tube and then buried in the soil body, and for the optical fiber cable covered with the silicon core tube, the pull rope directly connects the pulley and the silicon core tube.
By adopting the technical scheme, the deformation of the optical cable accompanied by the simulation can be effectively tested, and a basis is provided for early warning data points.
Further, the distributed strain demodulator in step S2 of the present invention is a data acquisition device based on brillouin scattering technology, which is suitable for single-mode fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the strain data of the optical cable can be acquired by using the distributed strain demodulator, and data support is provided for subsequent strain curve production.
Further, in the step S2 of the invention, before the optical fiber cables are stretched, the optical fiber cables are straightened in advance, the subsequent stretching displacement of each stage is controlled to be 5-20 cm/stage, the final stretching amount is determined according to the maximum strain value, and the maximum strain value is controlled to be less than 8000 mu epsilon, so that the optical fiber cables are prevented from being damaged.
By adopting the technical scheme, the test operation can be stably carried out, and meanwhile, the damage to the optical cable accompanied by the test can be effectively avoided.
Further, in step S5 of the present invention, the early warning value of the optical fiber cable is determined according to the displacement-maximum strain curve, the deformation process is divided into two stages, namely a slow increasing stage and a fast increasing stage according to the drawn graph, and the critical values of the slow increasing stage and the fast increasing stage are selected as the deformation monitoring early warning value according to the fitted curve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the early warning value can be accurately obtained according to the acquired data, and data dependence is provided for monitoring the whole pipeline.
In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The invention gives play to the advantages of long distance and distribution of the distributed optical fiber technology, utilizes the companion optical cable which is laid in the same ditch of the oil gas pipeline, realizes the distributed monitoring of deformation caused by geological disasters and the like along the oil gas pipeline, and the early warning of the whole line operation safety of the pipeline, avoids the prior oil gas pipeline, excavates and lays the strain sensing optical cable for deformation monitoring without a large amount of construction quantity, has strong feasibility, simultaneously solves the problems that the geological disaster point is not comprehensively identified, is mainly manually identified, has large workload and cannot be comprehensively identified, leads to larger risk of unidentified geological disasters, and the direct monitoring method and the indirect monitoring method are usually aimed at specific geological bodies or the pipe bodies where the geological disasters are already definitely located, and are unlikely to be in the monitoring range for unidentified potential geological disasters at present;
2. The method for monitoring the geological disaster by utilizing the companion optical cable can solve the problems that the currently established detection method of the ground disaster monitoring network mainly comprises a stress strain gauge, a displacement meter and the like, the line distance is long, the monitoring points are few, the cost is high, meanwhile, the obtained data are the data of all the monitoring points when the method is used for monitoring, the continuity is poor, and the state between the monitoring points is unclear;
3. The early warning method provided by the invention can effectively avoid the problem that the current monitoring method is not satisfactory for some geological disasters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the tensile strain distribution of each stage of the optical fiber cable of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the displacement-strain relationship curve and the fitting curve of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1,2 and 3, a geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a section of buried companion cable, excavating a groove with the length of 5m and the width of 50cm, wherein the depth is the burial depth of the companion cable, and exposing the companion cable;
in the step S1, the optical fiber cable can be directly buried in soil, or the optical fiber cable can be sleeved with a silicon core tube and then buried in the soil, and for the optical fiber cable sleeved with the silicon core tube, a pull rope is directly connected with a pulley and the silicon core tube;
S2, building a portal frame stretching device, wherein the portal frame stretching device consists of a portal frame, pulleys, a pull rope, a measuring scale and a distributed strain demodulation instrument, then building a portal frame in the center of a groove, installing the pulleys in the center of a beam at the upper part of the portal frame, and gradually applying displacement to the accompanying optical cable through stretching the connecting pulleys and the accompanying optical cable;
The distributed strain demodulator in the step S2 is data acquisition equipment suitable for single-mode fibers and based on the Brillouin scattering technology, before the optical fiber with the optical fiber is stretched, the optical fiber with the optical fiber needs to be straightened, the subsequent stretching displacement of each stage is controlled to be 5-20 cm/stage, the final stretching amount is determined according to the maximum strain value, the maximum strain value is controlled below 8000 mu epsilon, and the optical fiber is prevented from being damaged;
S3, stretching the optical cable with the auxiliary line step by step, recording a stretching displacement value through a measuring scale, and measuring the strain values of the optical cable with the auxiliary line at different stretching orders by using a distributed strain demodulation device;
s4, selecting the maximum strain value of each stage, making a displacement-strain curve, and performing data fitting;
s5, selecting critical values of the slow increasing section and the fast increasing section according to the change rule of the displacement-strain curve as early warning values for deformation monitoring based on the accompanying optical cable, and monitoring geological disaster conditions in the pipeline through the early warning values;
In the step S5, the early warning value of the companion optical cable is determined according to a displacement-maximum strain curve, the deformation process is divided into two stages, namely a slow increasing stage and a fast increasing stage according to the drawn curve, the critical value of the slow increasing stage and the fast increasing stage is selected as the deformation monitoring early warning value according to the fitting curve, wherein the companion optical cable of an oil gas pipeline in a certain area is provided with a buried silicon core tube, grooves with the length of 5m, the width of 60cm and the depth of 1m are excavated, a portal frame stretching device is built, the middle position of the exposed companion optical cable is connected with pulleys through stretching, one fiber core of the companion optical cable is connected with a distributed strain optical fiber demodulator, the model of the distributed strain optical fiber demodulator is AV6419, the spatial resolution is set to be 1m, the sampling interval is 5cm, after the companion optical cable is straightened, stretching is carried out step by step, data are synchronously collected, the stretching displacement of each stage is 10cm, the stretching displacement of each stage is 5, the strain value reaches 5000 [ mu ] epsilon, the maximum displacement of the strain point of the stage is set to be the critical value of the fitting curve, the strain point is set to be the curve, the strain point of the curve is slowly increased to be 50 [ mu ] and the fitting curve is set to be the critical value of the strain increasing position, and the strain point is set to be the curve is gradually increased to be the critical value of 50 [ mu ] to be the curve to be the largest.
Working principle: firstly, a section of underground companion cable is selected, a groove with the length of 5m and the width of 50cm is excavated, the depth is the embedded depth of the companion cable, the companion cable is exposed, a portal frame stretching device is built, the portal frame stretching device consists of a portal frame, pulleys, a pull rope, a measuring tape and a distributed strain demodulator, then the portal frame is built in the center of the groove, the pulleys are installed in the center of a beam on the upper part of the portal frame, displacement is applied to the companion cable step by step through the stretching connection pulleys and the companion cable, the companion cable is stretched step by step, the stretching displacement value is recorded through the measuring tape, then the strain value of the companion cable under different stretching levels is measured by using the distributed strain demodulator, the maximum strain value of each level is selected, a displacement-strain curve is made, data fitting is carried out, the critical values of the slowly increasing section and the rapidly increasing section are selected according to the change rule of the displacement-strain curve, the critical values are used as early warning values for deformation monitoring based on the companion cable, and geological disaster conditions in the pipeline are monitored through the early warning values.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A geological early warning method based on deformation measurement of an oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a section of buried companion cable, excavating a groove with the length of 5m and the width of 50cm, wherein the depth is the burial depth of the companion cable, and exposing the companion cable;
S2, building a portal frame stretching device, wherein the portal frame stretching device consists of a portal frame, pulleys, a pull rope, a measuring scale and a distributed strain demodulation instrument, then building a portal frame in the center of a groove, installing the pulleys in the center of a beam at the upper part of the portal frame, and gradually applying displacement to the accompanying optical cable through stretching the connecting pulleys and the accompanying optical cable;
S3, stretching the optical cable with the auxiliary line step by step, recording a stretching displacement value through a measuring scale, and measuring the strain values of the optical cable with the auxiliary line at different stretching orders by using a distributed strain demodulation device;
s4, selecting the maximum strain value of each stage, making a displacement-strain curve, and performing data fitting;
S5, according to the change rule of the displacement-strain curve, selecting critical values of the slow increasing section and the fast increasing section as early warning values for deformation monitoring based on the accompanying optical cable, and monitoring geological disaster conditions in the pipeline through the early warning values.
2. The geological early warning method based on the oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement according to claim 1, wherein the geological early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step S1, the optical fiber cable can be directly buried in soil, or the optical fiber cable can be sleeved with a silicon core tube and then buried in the soil, and for the optical fiber cable sleeved with the silicon core tube, a pull rope is directly connected with a pulley and the silicon core tube.
3. The geological early warning method based on the oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement according to claim 1, wherein the geological early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the distributed strain demodulator in step S2 is a data acquisition device based on brillouin scattering technology, which is suitable for single-mode fiber.
4. The geological early warning method based on the oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement according to claim 1, wherein the geological early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: before the optical cable is stretched in the step S2, the optical cable is straightened in advance, the subsequent stretching displacement of each stage is controlled to be 5-20 cm/stage, the final stretching amount is determined according to the maximum strain value, and the maximum strain value is controlled to be less than 8000 mu epsilon, so that the optical cable is prevented from being damaged.
5. The geological early warning method based on the oil and gas pipeline accompanying optical cable deformation measurement according to claim 1, wherein the geological early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in step S5, the early warning value of the optical cable is determined according to the displacement-maximum strain curve, the deformation process is divided into two stages, namely a slow increasing section and a fast increasing section according to the drawn curve, and the critical values of the slow increasing section and the fast increasing section are selected as deformation monitoring early warning values according to the fitted curve.
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Citations (2)
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| CN103700221A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil and gas pipeline torrential flood disaster monitoring method |
| CA2882549A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-08 | Valery Sheverev | A sensor for monitoring rheologically complex flows |
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| DE10159990A1 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-18 | Guenther Gmbh | Strain measurement sensor, based on fiber optic Bragg grating, has a fiber optic link to transmitter and receiver units that allows flexible selection of measurement position and measurement sensitivity |
| CN103700223B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-03-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil gas pipeline torrential flood disaster monitoring system |
| JP6071577B2 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2017-02-01 | 日鐵住金建材株式会社 | Slope change detection structure in slope stabilization method |
| US20180053114A1 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2018-02-22 | Brighterion, Inc. | Artificial intelligence for context classifier |
| CN105466349B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 天津大学 | In a kind of probe beam deflation strain measurement sensitivity method is improved with thin cladded-fiber |
| CN109655982B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2024-06-07 | 南京嘉兆技术有限公司 | Armored strain monitoring optical cable, earthing monitoring and stress calibration method |
| CN110186547B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-08-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pipeline safety condition detection device and method |
| CN110779458A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-11 | 中铁科学技术开发有限公司 | Track slab deformation monitoring device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103700221A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil and gas pipeline torrential flood disaster monitoring method |
| CA2882549A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-08 | Valery Sheverev | A sensor for monitoring rheologically complex flows |
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