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CN115053722B - Water quantity control equipment and method for verifying influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots - Google Patents

Water quantity control equipment and method for verifying influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115053722B
CN115053722B CN202210672440.6A CN202210672440A CN115053722B CN 115053722 B CN115053722 B CN 115053722B CN 202210672440 A CN202210672440 A CN 202210672440A CN 115053722 B CN115053722 B CN 115053722B
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China
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water
soil
area
drainage
verification
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CN115053722A (en
Inventor
杨梦飞
李怡鹏
张尚法
郑寨生
王涛
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Zhejiang Agricultural Machinery Research Institute
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Zhejiang Agricultural Machinery Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of verification of cane shoots, provides water quantity control equipment and a method for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots, and aims to solve the problem that soil water content control of a seedbed for verification of cane shoots is inconvenient in the prior art. Including the frame and set up in verifying the pond in the frame, be provided with the open verification chamber in upper end in verifying the pond, it is provided with the baffle to verify the intracavity, the baffle will verify the chamber and cut apart into verification region and drainage region, drainage region is provided with the drain pipe, is provided with the drain valve in the drain pipe be provided with the intercommunication on the baffle verification region with the wash port in drainage region, the upper end in verifying the pond still is provided with the sealed cowling of sealed drainage region upper port and baffle upper half wash port, verify that soil moisture content still includes the messenger to the effective water yield control equipment of tillering number influence of cane rice plant the negative pressure machine that the drainage region produced negative pressure, the negative pressure machine includes the extraction opening, the extraction opening with drainage region upper portion communicates with each other.

Description

Water quantity control equipment and method for verifying influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of verification of cane shoots, and particularly relates to water quantity control equipment and method for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
Background
Wild rice shoots are special aquatic vegetables in China and are widely cultivated in Zhejiang, jiangsu, hubei and other places, and the planting scale of the current Anhui, yunnan, guizhou, fujian and other provinces is gradually expanded. The wild rice shoots are mainly asexually propagated, and are verified in advance in a verification field by utilizing the characteristic of strong tillering property, so that the propagation coefficient is improved, and the cost is reduced. The longer the verification time, the more tillers, and the higher the breeding coefficient.
The water fertilizer management method of the conventional cane shoots comprises the following steps: after 7 months of seedlings are planted and revived and survive, shallow water in the early stage promotes tillering, deep water in the later stage controls tillering, and deep water is used for protecting the cane shoots in the gestation period. There are also water management methods with alternating dry and wet, i.e. after irrigation, the water is allowed to naturally fall to dry, and the field plates are left to dry until the fine seams appear, and then irrigation is performed. According to the cultivation method, water is irrigated for many times to enable plants to form more tillers, but the seedling root system planted for 7 months is undeveloped, the nutrient requirements required by the normal growth and the pregnancy of the excessive tillers cannot be met, and the nutrient supply of the plants is dispersed, so that more ineffective tillers appear to influence the yield and the benefit. Therefore, the tillering quantity of cane shoots is not as high as possible, but the cane shoots have reasonable tillering quantity.
The current cultivation tank is generally a water tank surrounded by a stainless steel plate, and when the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots is verified, the water quantity is troublesome to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides water quantity control equipment and a method for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering numbers of cane shoots, and aims to solve the problem that the soil water content is inconvenient to control when a cultivation groove in the prior art verifies the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering numbers of the cane shoots.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil moisture on effective tillering number of cane shoots, which comprises a frame and a verification pool arranged in the frame, wherein a verification cavity with an open upper end is arranged in the verification pool, a partition plate is arranged in the verification cavity, the verification cavity is divided into a verification area and a drainage area by the partition plate, a drain pipe communicated with the drainage area is further arranged on the verification pool, a drain valve is arranged in the drain pipe, drain holes communicated with the verification area and the drainage area are formed in the partition plate, a sealing cover for sealing an upper port of the drainage area and a drain hole in the upper half of the partition plate is further arranged at the upper end of the verification pool, the water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil moisture on effective tillering number of cane shoots further comprises a negative pressure machine for enabling the drainage area to generate negative pressure, and the negative pressure machine comprises an extraction opening which is communicated with the upper part of the drainage area.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the baffle includes backup pad and filter screen, at least one side of backup pad is provided with the filter screen.
Based on the scheme, the filter screen plays a role in filtering soil and prevents the soil from entering a drainage area through the drainage holes. Since the partition needs to have a certain strength to prevent the soil located in the verification area from damaging the partition under the action of gravity to enter the drainage area, the drainage holes provided in the partition should not be excessive to prevent drainage of the Kong Sunhuai partition. Through set up the filter screen on the baffle, can prevent effectively that soil from getting into the drainage region through the wash port, and need not set up too much wash port on the baffle.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the drain holes are uniformly distributed on the supporting plate, the filter screen comprises meshes, and the area of each mesh is smaller than that of each drain hole.
Based on the scheme, the filter screen can effectively filter soil and prevent the soil from entering the drainage area.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the filter screen covers all the drain holes.
Based on the scheme, the filter screen covers all the drain holes, so that soil can be prevented from entering a drain area through part of the drain holes.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the verification pool comprises a plate body forming the verification cavity, and the partition plate is welded on the plate body.
Based on the scheme, the partition plate and the plate body have higher connection strength.
The further improved scheme is as follows: support rods are uniformly distributed in the drainage area, one ends of the support rods are welded on the partition plate, and the other ends of the support rods are welded on a plate body parallel to the partition plate.
Based on above-mentioned scheme, through setting up the bracing piece, the bracing piece plays the function of support, location baffle, and the baffle need not set up thicker thickness, also can not produce the deformation under the extrusion of soil.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the sealing cover comprises a cover body and a rubber plate, wherein a part of the cover body is positioned in the groove body, the rubber plate is arranged on the partition plate and seals drain holes positioned above soil in a cultivation area, and the rubber plate comprises a plate and a rubber pad which is arranged on the inner side of the plate and is attached to the partition plate to seal the drain holes positioned above soil in the cultivation area;
the sealing gasket is arranged in the groove body and comprises a side part positioned between the cover body and the side wall of the groove body and a bottom positioned between the cover body and the bottom wall of the groove body, and the side part and the bottom are of an integrated structure.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the sealing device comprises a groove body, and is characterized in that a sealing gasket is arranged in the groove body and comprises a side part positioned between the sealing cover and the side wall of the groove body and a bottom positioned between the sealing cover and the bottom wall of the groove body, and the side part and the bottom are of an integrated structure. By arranging the sealing gasket, the sealing performance of the sealing cover is further optimized.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the lower extreme of frame is provided with the universal wheel, the universal wheel includes the wheel seat, the wheel seat weld in on the frame. By providing universal wheels, the position of the frame can be conveniently moved.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the negative pressure machine is fixed on the frame through bolts. The negative pressure machine is easy to install.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a water amount control method for verifying the influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots, comprising:
s100, planting double-cropping young cane shoots in a single plant from 7 months per year to 10 days per year in a verification area in the water quantity control device for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillers of cane shoots in claim 1;
s200, when the number of the dual-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the verification area reaches the target number in the tillering stage; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner; when the negative pressure machine is finished, a drain pipe is opened to drain water until the water is drained;
s300, after the water is drained by using a negative pressure machine, watering the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling after a crack of 1.2-2.2 mm appears on the surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling, and forming shallow water with the depth of 0.8cm-1.5cm on the upper surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner;
s400, after the water is drained by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; step S300 and step S400 are cycled and the cycle is ended on days 18-20.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the target number is 10.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the width of the soil crack is 2mm.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the shallow water formed on the upper surface of the soil was 1cm deep.
The further improved scheme is as follows: after the water is discharged by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; step S300 and step S400 are looped and the loop is ended on day 20.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
draining water above the soil in a natural drainage mode by utilizing drain holes and drain pipes at the upper half part of the partition plate; when soil in the verification area needs to be drained, the sealing cover is fixed on the frame, so that the sealing cover seals the drainage area and the drainage hole in the upper half part of the partition plate is sealed; then, the negative pressure machine is opened to vacuumize the drainage area, and at the moment, the air pressure of the drainage area is smaller than the external atmospheric pressure, and the verification area is communicated with the atmosphere. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure in the verification area is larger than the atmospheric pressure in the drainage area, and the water in the verification area is extruded into the drainage area through the drainage hole under the action of the atmospheric pressure, so that the water in the soil in the verification area is quickly drained.
The water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots has the following three water content control modes:
the first water content control mode: the water is not discharged, the drain hole at the upper half part of the partition board is in a closed state by utilizing the sealing cover, the drain pipe is blocked, and the water above the soil in the seedling raising area cannot be discharged through the drain hole at the upper half part of the partition board.
The second water content control mode: and in a natural drainage mode, the drain holes in the upper half part of the partition plate are in an open state, water above soil in the seedling raising area is drained into a drain area through the drain holes in the upper half part of the partition plate, and water in the drain area can be drained through a drain valve.
The third water content control mode: and negative pressure drainage, namely fixing the sealing cover on the frame to enable the sealing cover to seal a drainage area and seal a drainage hole in the upper half part of the partition plate, then opening a negative pressure machine to vacuumize the drainage area, wherein the air pressure of the drainage area is smaller than the external atmospheric pressure, and the seedling raising area is communicated with the atmosphere. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure in the seedling raising area is larger than the atmospheric pressure in the drainage area, and the water in the seedling raising area is extruded into the drainage area through the drainage holes under the action of the atmospheric pressure, so that the water in the soil in the seedling raising area is quickly drained.
The cane shoot seedling raising equipment has various water content control modes, and the soil water content control is very convenient.
The influence of different drainage and water control modes on the total tillering number of the cane shoots is as follows:
the first water content control mode does not drain: the soil is not drained in the seedling raising process: the total tillering number of the cane shoots reaches 18.2, and the effective tillering rate is only 54.95%.
The second water content control mode is a natural drainage mode: the seedling bed has the advantages of high drainage speed and thorough drainage, is not easily influenced by environmental factors such as rainwater and the like due to the movable characteristic, has 12.1 total tillers of the cane shoots and has an effective tillering rate of 82.64 percent.
And thirdly, negative pressure drainage by adopting the water content control mode of the invention: the negative pressure drainage mode drainage: the water drainage speed is high, the water drainage is thorough, the water is not easily influenced by environmental factors such as rainwater and the like due to the movable characteristic, the total tillering number of the cane shoots is 11.3, and the effective tillering rate is 88.50%.
In addition, according to the traditional slow natural drainage mode in the field: the drainage speed is slower, the ideal effect is not easy to achieve, the water bamboo total tillering number is 15.5, and the effective tillering rate is 64.52 percent.
Therefore, the water quantity control method provided by the invention is compared with a slow natural drainage method and a non-drainage method in a field; it can be seen that the faster the drainage speed is and the less the water content of the soil is after drainage, the more beneficial to improving the effective tillering rate effectively, shortening the seedling period of the cane shoots and improving the seedling quality of the cane shoots.
The effective tillering number of the cane shoots is kept at 8-14 by controlling the water content of the soil, after invalid tillers are reduced, nutrition is intensively supplied to the effective tillers, the single quality of the cane shoots is improved, and the problems of low effective tillering number and yield of the cane shoots can be better solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for the users of the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first direction of a water quantity control apparatus for verifying an influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second direction of the water control apparatus for verifying the effect of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the first direction of the water control apparatus for verifying the effect of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a second direction of the water control apparatus for verifying the effect of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the water control apparatus after removing the sealing cap to verify the effect of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1-a frame; 2-verifying the pool; 21-verification area; 22-a drainage zone; 3-a separator; 31-a drain hole; 32-supporting plates; 33-a filter screen; 34-supporting rods; 4-sealing cover; 41-a cover body; 42-rubber plate; 5-a negative pressure machine; 6-sealing gasket; 7-universal wheels.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by the user of the field without creative efforts, are included in the protection scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the water quantity control device for verifying the influence of the soil moisture content on the effective tillering number of cane shoots comprises a frame 1 and a verification pool 2 arranged in the frame 1, wherein a verification cavity with an open upper end is arranged in the verification pool 2, a partition plate 3 is arranged in the verification cavity, the verification cavity is divided into a verification area 21 and a drainage area 22 by the partition plate 3, a drain pipe communicated with the drainage area is further arranged on the verification pool, a drain valve is arranged in the drain pipe, a drain hole 31 communicated with the verification area 21 and the drainage area 22 is arranged in the partition plate 3, a sealing cover 4 for sealing an upper port of the drainage area 22 and a drain hole 31 at the upper half of the partition plate 3 is further arranged at the upper end of the verification pool 2, the water quantity control device for verifying the influence of the soil moisture content on the effective tillering number of cane shoots further comprises a negative pressure machine 5 for generating negative pressure in the drainage area 22, and the negative pressure machine 5 comprises an extraction opening communicated with the upper part of the drainage area 22.
The frame 1 may be formed by welding rod members, for example, steel sections such as channel steel, L-shaped steel, i-steel, etc. may be welded to form the frame 1, so that the frame 1 has higher strength.
The negative pressure machine 5 is a common air extractor in the prior art, and adopts a method of extracting air in the drainage area 22 to form negative pressure in the drainage area 22.
A drain pipe communicated with the drain area 22 can be arranged on the verification pool 2, a drain valve can be arranged in the drain pipe, and water in the drain area 22 is drained through the drain pipe. When the negative pressure machine 5 is not in operation, the drain valve is in an open state, so that the drain area 22 is communicated with the outside through the drain pipe. When negative pressure is required to be pumped to the drainage area 22, the drainage valve is closed, and at this time, the drainage area 22 cannot be communicated with the outside through the drainage pipe. The negative pressure machine 5 vacuumizes the drainage area 22, the pressure in the drainage area 22 is smaller than the pressure in the verification area 21, and the water in the soil in the verification area 21 is discharged into the drainage area 22 under the action of the atmospheric pressure. Referring to fig. 1, a drain pipe may be provided at the right side of the negative pressure machine 5. Specifically: the upper soil surface of the verification area is located in the upper half of the partition.
The sealing cap 4 can be made of any material. For example, the sealing cap 4 may be made of transparent plastic or the like. The sealing cover 4 may be separately covered above the drainage area 22, or the sealing cover 4 may cover the drainage area 22 and the verification area 21 together, and when the sealing cover 4 covers the drainage area 22 and the verification area 21 together, a partition plate should be disposed in the sealing cover 4 so as to separate the drainage area 22 from the verification area 21. A through hole may be provided in the sealing cap 4 located in the verification area 21 to allow the verification area 21 to communicate with the atmosphere.
Embodiment two:
in order to optimize the performance of the partition board 3 and prevent the partition board 3 from being damaged by soil extrusion during long-term use, the partition board 3 comprises a supporting board 32 and a filter screen 33 on the basis of the above embodiment, and at least one side of the supporting board 32 is provided with the filter screen 33;
the drain holes 31 are uniformly distributed on the support plate 32, the filter screen 33 comprises mesh openings, and the area of each mesh opening is smaller than that of each drain hole 31;
the filter screen 33 covers all the drain holes 31. The filter screen 33 may be fixed to the support plate 32 by screws, or the filter screen 33 may be adhered to the support plate 32.
Embodiment III:
in order to make the verification pool 2 easy to process, the above embodiment is based on: the verification pool 2 comprises a plate body forming the verification cavity, and the partition plate 3 is welded on the plate body.
Support rods 34 are uniformly distributed in the drainage area 22, one ends of the support rods 34 are welded on the partition plate 3, and the other ends of the support rods 34 are welded on a plate body parallel to the partition plate 3. The support bar 34 may be made of L-shaped steel. In the practical application process, since the partition plate 3 divides the verification area 21 and the drainage area 22, the verification area 21 is filled with soil, and therefore, the partition plate 3 needs to withstand the squeezing force of the soil. By providing the support rods 34, the function of reinforcing the strength of the partition plate 3 is achieved, and the partition plate 3 is not easy to deform and damage.
The frame 1 is formed by welding rod pieces, a groove body is arranged at the upper end of the frame 1, the sealing cover 4 comprises a cover body 41 with a part positioned in the groove body and a rubber plate 42 which is arranged on the partition plate and seals the drain hole positioned above soil in the verification area on the partition plate;
the frame 1 is formed by rod piece welding, the upper end of the frame 1 is provided with a groove body, the sealing cover 4 comprises a cover body 41 with a part positioned in the groove body and a rubber plate 42 arranged on the partition plate and sealing a drain hole positioned above soil in a cultivation area, the rubber plate 42 comprises a plate and a rubber pad arranged on the inner side of the plate and attached to the partition plate for sealing the drain hole positioned above soil in the cultivation area
The sealing gasket 6 is arranged in the groove body, the sealing gasket 6 comprises a side part positioned between the cover 41 and the side wall of the groove body and a bottom part positioned between the cover 41 and the bottom wall of the groove body, and the side part and the bottom part are of an integrated structure. The gasket 6 may be adhered to the inside of the tank.
Embodiment four:
in order to facilitate the movement of the frame 1, on the basis of the above-described embodiment: the lower end of the frame 1 is provided with a universal wheel 7, the universal wheel 7 comprises a wheel seat, and the wheel seat is welded on the frame 1;
the negative pressure machine 5 is fixed on the frame 1 through bolts.
Fifth embodiment:
in a second aspect, the present invention provides a water amount control method for verifying the influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots, comprising:
s100, planting double-cropping water bamboo shoot seedlings in a verification area in the water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the water content of soil on the effective tillers of the water bamboo in the mode of claim 1 in a single plant from 7 months per year to 7 months per year, wherein the verification area is filled with soil for planting the double-cropping water bamboo shoot seedlings, and the upper surface of the soil of the verification area is positioned at the upper half part of a partition plate;
s200, when the number of the dual-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the verification area reaches the target number in the tillering stage; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner; when the negative pressure machine is finished, a drain pipe is opened to drain water until the water is drained;
s300, after the water is drained by using a negative pressure machine, watering the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling after a crack of 1.2-2.2 mm appears on the surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling, and forming shallow water with the depth of 0.8cm-1.5cm on the upper surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedling; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner;
s400, after the water is drained by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; step S300 and step S400 are cycled and the cycle is ended on days 18-20.
The target number is 10. The width of the soil crack is 2mm. The shallow water formed on the upper surface of the soil was 1cm deep. After the water is discharged by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; step S300 and step S400 are looped and the loop is ended on day 20.
The water quantity control method for verifying the influence of the water content of soil on the effective tillering number of cane shoots comprises the following steps:
the water quantity control method for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots is applied to a negative pressure drainage group in a test for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots, and the test comprises the following steps:
setting a control group, a natural drainage group and a negative pressure drainage group;
(1) The water quantity control step of the control group comprises the following steps:
planting single plants of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in 7 months and 5 days a year in soil in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of the water bamboo; when the number of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the soil reaches 10 at the tillering stage, the soil is not drained; incubated for 20 days.
(2) The water quantity control step of the natural drainage group comprises the following steps:
planting single plants of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in 7 months and 5 days a year in soil in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of the water bamboo; when the number of the double-season water bamboo shoot seedlings reaches 10 at the tillering stage, natural drainage mode is adopted (the drain holes on the upper half part of the partition plate are in an open state, water above the soil in the seedling raising area is discharged into the drain area through the drain holes on the upper half part of the partition plate, water in the drain area can be discharged through the drain valve.) to drain the soil in the seedling bed until cracks of about 2mm appear on the soil surface, then the soil is watered to the soil surface to form shallow water with a depth of about 1cm, and then the natural drainage mode is utilized to drain the soil in the seedling bed until the cracks of about 2mm appear on the soil surface, and the steps are circulated for 20 days in total.
(3) The water quantity control step of the negative pressure drainage group comprises the following steps:
s100, planting double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillers of water bamboo on 7-month and 5-day per year;
s200, when the number of the dual-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the verification area reaches 10 at the tillering stage; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner; when the negative pressure machine is finished, a drain pipe is opened to drain water until the water is drained;
s300, after the water is drained by a negative pressure machine, watering the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings after 2mm cracks appear on the surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings, and forming shallow water with the depth of 1cm on the upper surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner;
s400, after the water is drained by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; step S300 and step S400 are looped and the loop is ended on day 20.
The water yield control method provided by the invention is adopted to verify the cane shoots, and the water yield control method is compared with the water draining method in the prior art:
soil is not drained in the verification process: the total tillering number of the cane shoots reaches 18.2, and the effective tillering rate is only 54.95%.
Field drainage adopting a natural drainage mode: the drainage speed is slower, the ideal effect is not easy to achieve, the water bamboo total tillering number is 15.5, and the effective tillering rate is 64.52 percent.
The water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots adopts a natural drainage method: the water drainage speed is high, the water drainage is thorough, the water is not easily influenced by environmental factors such as rainwater and the like due to the movable characteristic, the total tillering number of the cane shoots is 12.1, and the effective tillering rate is 82.64%.
The water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots adopts a negative pressure drainage method: the water drainage speed is high, the water drainage is thorough, the water is not easily influenced by environmental factors such as rainwater and the like due to the movable characteristic, the total tillering number of the cane shoots is 11.3, and the effective tillering rate is 88.50%.
The water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots and the water quantity control method for verifying the influence of the soil water content on the effective tillering number of the cane shoots are further described by combining the working principle:
when the water above the soil is drained in a natural drainage mode by utilizing the drain hole and the drain pipe on the upper half part of the partition plate, and the soil in the verification area 21 is required to be drained, the sealing cover 4 is fixed on the frame 1, so that the sealing cover 4 seals the drain area 22, the drain hole on the upper half part of the partition plate is sealed, the drain pipe is closed, then the negative pressure machine 5 is opened, the drain area 22 is vacuumized by the negative pressure machine 5, at the moment, the air pressure of the drain area 22 is smaller than the external atmospheric pressure, and the verification area 21 is communicated with the atmosphere. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure in the verification area 21 is greater than the atmospheric pressure in the drainage area 22, and the water in the verification area 21 is pushed into the drainage area 22 through the drainage holes 31 under the action of the atmospheric pressure, so that the water in the soil in the verification area 21 is quickly drained.
The invention is not limited to the above-mentioned alternative embodiments, on the premise of not contradicting each other, can combine arbitrarily between every scheme; any person who is in the light of the present invention can obtain other products in various forms, however, any changes in shape or structure are within the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. The water quantity control method for verifying the influence of the water content of soil on the effective tillering number of cane shoots is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the water quantity control method is implemented by water quantity control equipment, the water quantity control equipment comprises a frame and a verification pool arranged in the frame, a verification cavity with an open upper end is arranged in the verification pool, a partition plate is arranged in the verification cavity, the verification cavity is divided into a verification area and a drainage area by the partition plate, a drain pipe communicated with the drainage area is further arranged on the verification pool, a drain valve is arranged in the drain pipe, a drain hole communicated with the verification area and the drainage area is arranged on the partition plate, a sealing cover for sealing an upper port of the drainage area and a drain hole at the upper half part of the partition plate is further arranged at the upper end of the verification pool, the water quantity control equipment further comprises a negative pressure machine for enabling the drainage area to generate negative pressure, and the negative pressure machine comprises an extraction opening which is communicated with the upper part of the drainage area;
the water quantity control method comprises the following steps: setting a control group, a natural drainage group and a negative pressure drainage group;
(1) The water quantity control step of the control group comprises the following steps:
planting single plants of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in 7 months and 5 days a year in soil in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of the water bamboo; when the number of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the soil reaches 10 at the tillering stage, the soil is not drained; culturing for 20 days;
(2) The water quantity control step of the natural drainage group comprises the following steps:
planting single plants of the double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in 7 months and 5 days a year in soil in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of the water bamboo; draining the soil in the seedbed by adopting a natural drainage mode until cracks of about 2mm appear on the soil surface when the number of the tillering seedlings of the double-season water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the soil reaches 10 at the tillering stage, watering the soil to the soil surface to form shallow water with the depth of about 1cm, draining the soil in the seedbed by adopting the natural drainage mode until the cracks of about 2mm appear on the soil surface, and culturing for 20 days in total;
(3) The water quantity control step of the negative pressure drainage group comprises the following steps:
s100, planting double-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings in a verification area in water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of water bamboo on 7-month-5-day-per-year single plants;
s200, when the number of the dual-cropping water bamboo shoot tube seedlings planted in the verification area reaches 10 at the tillering stage; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner; when the negative pressure machine finishes working, opening a drain pipe to drain water until the water is drained;
s300, after the water is drained by a negative pressure machine, watering the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings after 2mm cracks appear on the surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings, and forming shallow water with the depth of 1cm on the upper surface of the soil planted with the double-cropping water bamboo pipe seedlings; opening a drain pipe, wherein a drain hole is arranged above the soil in the verification area, so that water above the soil in the verification area is drained into the drain area through the drain hole, and the water in the drain area is drained through the drain pipe; after the water above the soil in the verification area is discharged, the drain pipe is blocked; sealing the upper port of the drainage area and the drainage hole at the upper half part of the partition plate by using a sealing cover, and then utilizing the negative pressure machine to enable the drainage area to generate negative pressure to drain the verification area in a negative pressure manner;
s400, after the water is drained by the negative pressure machine, repeating the step S300; looping through steps S300 and S400 and ending the loop on day 20;
compared with the mode of negative pressure drainage, natural drainage and non-drainage, the drainage speed is faster, the water content of the soil after drainage is smaller, and the effective tillering rate is improved.
2. Verify water yield control equipment of soil moisture content to effective tiller number influence of cane shoot, its characterized in that: a method for controlling water amount when verifying the effect of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots according to claim 1;
the water quantity control equipment comprises a frame and a verification pool arranged in the frame, a verification cavity with an open upper end is arranged in the verification pool, a partition plate is arranged in the verification cavity, the verification cavity is divided into a verification area and a drainage area by the partition plate, a drainage pipe communicated with the drainage area is further arranged on the verification pool, a drainage valve is arranged in the drainage pipe, the partition plate is provided with a drainage hole communicated with the verification area and the drainage area, the upper end of the verification pool is further provided with a sealing cover for sealing an upper port of the drainage area and a drainage hole in the upper half of the partition plate, the water quantity control equipment for verifying the influence of the water content of soil on the effective tillering number of the water bamboo further comprises a negative pressure machine for enabling the drainage area to generate negative pressure, and the negative pressure machine comprises an extraction opening which is communicated with the upper part of the drainage area.
3. The water quantity control device for verifying the influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots according to claim 2, wherein: the partition plate comprises a support plate and a filter screen, and the filter screen is arranged on at least one side of the support plate;
the water draining holes are uniformly distributed on the supporting plate, the filter screen comprises meshes, and the area of each mesh is smaller than that of each water draining hole;
the filter screen covers all the drain holes.
4. A water quantity control apparatus for verifying the effect of soil moisture content on the effective tillering number of cane shoots according to claim 3, wherein: the verification pool comprises a plate body forming the verification cavity, and the partition plate is welded on the plate body;
support rods are uniformly distributed in the drainage area, one ends of the support rods are welded on the partition plate, and the other ends of the support rods are welded on a plate body parallel to the partition plate.
5. The water quantity control device for verifying the influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots according to claim 4, wherein: the frame is formed by welding rod pieces, a groove body is arranged at the upper end of the frame, the sealing cover comprises a cover body with a part positioned in the groove body and a rubber plate which is arranged on the partition board and seals drain holes positioned above soil in the verification area, and the rubber plate comprises a plate and a rubber pad which is arranged on the inner side of the plate and is attached to the partition board and used for sealing the drain holes positioned above the soil in the verification area;
the sealing gasket is arranged in the groove body and comprises a side part positioned between the cover body and the side wall of the groove body and a bottom positioned between the cover body and the bottom wall of the groove body, and the side part and the bottom are of an integrated structure.
6. The water quantity control device for verifying the influence of soil moisture content on effective tillering number of cane shoots according to claim 5, wherein: the lower end of the frame is provided with a universal wheel, the universal wheel comprises a wheel seat, and the wheel seat is welded on the frame;
the negative pressure machine is fixed on the frame through bolts.
CN202210672440.6A 2022-06-15 2022-06-15 Water quantity control equipment and method for verifying influence of soil water content on effective tillering number of cane shoots Active CN115053722B (en)

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