CN115040962A

CN115040962A - Carbon dioxide absorption system

Info

Publication number: CN115040962A
Application number: CN202210824650.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鄞铃; 郭东方; 王焕君; 李野; 刘练波
Original assignee: Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Current assignee: Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-07-14
Filing date: 2022-07-14
Publication date: 2022-09-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon dioxide absorption system, comprising: the Venturi tower sequentially comprises a contraction section, a throat section and a diffusion section from high to low, and the throat section is provided with a Venturi tower filler layer; the cooling and dedusting spraying system is used for spraying cooling and dedusting liquid to the filling layer of the Venturi tower; the carbon dioxide absorption tower comprises an absorption tower body and an absorption tower filler layer, and an absorption tower exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the absorption tower body; the barren solution spraying system is used for spraying carbon dioxide absorption solution to the absorption tower packing layer; the bottom of the absorption tower body is communicated with the diffusion section through the communicating box body. The invention utilizes the special structure of the Venturi tower to replace a cooling and dedusting device with larger occupied area, and can greatly save the energy consumption and water consumption of the dedusting and cooling section. And the venturi tower is through the intercommunication box intercommunication with the carbon dioxide absorption tower, when greatly reducing area, has cooling dust removal and carbon dioxide entrapment function concurrently.

Description

Carbon dioxide absorption system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly equipment, in particular to a carbon dioxide absorption system.

Background

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide cause global warming, and also cause serious influences such as water flowing on land, rising of sea level, threat of human survival and food supply, and the like. The flue gas discharged by a coal-fired power plant contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, and the statistical report of the global carbon dioxide emission in 2021 shows that the coal-fired power plant is used as a carbon dioxide emission source and accounts for 40% of the global emission total increment, wherein the carbon dioxide emission increment in the power and heat supply industry is more than 9 hundred million tons and accounts for 46% of the global increment, and the emission and increment are huge, so that the capture and utilization of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired power plant become an urgent issue to be popularized in the field of environmental protection at present.

CO ₂ The trapping, utilizing and sealing technologies are currently developed on the ground of pilot-scale and industrialized projects in a plurality of coal-fired power plants in China, mainly adopted trapping methods comprise a physical adsorption method, a chemical absorption method, a membrane reactor method and the like, wherein the method with the widest application range is a carbon dioxide chemical absorption method mainly based on a phase-change absorbent, a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a regeneration tower are adopted as main equipment, a phase-change solvent is used as a spray liquid to directionally trap and absorb carbon dioxide in flue gas, and the trapping efficiency can reach more than 99%.

Before the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower, a series of pretreatment such as desulfurization and denitrification, dust removal, temperature reduction and the like is carried out on the flue gas so as to adjust the physical state of the flue gas and avoid the influence on the capture efficiency of the carbon dioxide due to the pollution of the carbon dioxide absorption liquid caused by overhigh temperature, large dust content and other waste gas impurities in the flue gas. However, in practical engineering application, the pretreatment working section often has the phenomena of more equipment, large occupied area, leakage of flue gas loss caused by long transmission working section, increase of energy consumption and the like.

Therefore, how to reduce the floor space and have the functions of cooling, dedusting and carbon dioxide capture is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide absorption system, which has functions of temperature reduction, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture while reducing the floor space.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a carbon dioxide absorbing system comprising:

the Venturi tower sequentially comprises a contraction section, a throat section and a diffusion section from high to low, the throat section is provided with a Venturi tower filler layer, and the contraction section is used for receiving desulfurized flue gas introduced by a smoke guide system;

the cooling and dedusting spraying system is used for spraying cooling and dedusting liquid to the upper part of the filling layer of the Venturi tower;

the carbon dioxide absorption tower comprises an absorption tower body and an absorption tower filler layer arranged in the absorption tower body, and an absorption tower exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the absorption tower body;

the barren liquor spraying system is used for spraying carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the absorption tower packing layer;

the bottom of the absorption tower body is communicated with the diffusion section through the communication box body.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, the communicating box body includes a communicating box body and a heat-conducting partition plate disposed in the communicating box body;

the heat-conducting partition plate divides the communication box body into a pretreatment groove and a cold rich liquid groove, the pretreatment groove is used for receiving the cooling and dedusting liquid falling from the Venturi tower, and the cold rich liquid groove is used for receiving the carbon dioxide absorption liquid falling from the carbon dioxide absorption tower;

and a flue for communicating the bottom of the absorption tower body with the diffusion section is formed above the liquid level of the communicating box body.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, the heat-conducting partition plate is disposed on a bottom wall of the communicating box body, and the flue through which flue gas flows is disposed between the heat-conducting partition plate and a top wall of the communicating box body.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, a side of the heat-conducting partition plate facing the pretreatment tank and/or a side facing the cold rich liquid tank is provided with heat exchange fins.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, the cooling and dedusting spray system includes:

the first end of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe is communicated with a spray liquid nozzle which is arranged in the contraction section so as to spray cooling and dedusting liquid above the filling layer of the Venturi tower;

and the outlet of the Venturi circulating pump is communicated with the second end of the cooling and dedusting spraying pipe, the inlet of the Venturi circulating pump is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the lower part of the liquid level of the pretreatment tank.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, a liquid replenishing system for replenishing the temperature-reducing dedusting liquid into the pretreatment tank is further included.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, further comprising:

the liquid discharge system is used for discharging the cooling and dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank;

the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level in the pretreatment tank and starting the liquid supplementing system when the liquid level is lower than a first preset liquid level; when the liquid level is higher than a second preset liquid level, starting the liquid drainage system;

and the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank, and when the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the liquid drainage system is opened to discharge the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank and open the liquid supplementing system to supplement the new cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorption system, a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotameter are connected in series to the cooling and dust removing spray pipe, and an electric ball valve is connected in series to the liquid inlet pipe.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, the venturi tower is connected to the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, an absorbing liquid conveying unit is further included, which is communicated with the cold rich liquid tank, and is used for conveying the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid after being absorbed and saturated in the cold rich liquid tank to an absorbent regenerating unit.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorbing system, the absorption liquid conveying unit includes an absorption liquid conveying pipeline, and an absorption liquid conveying pump and a manual ball valve which are connected in series to the absorption liquid conveying pipeline, and the manual ball valve is located between the absorption liquid conveying pump and the cold rich liquid tank.

Alternatively, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, the venturi tower is located at one side of the carbon dioxide absorbing tower, and is provided in plurality in parallel.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, the smoke inducing system comprises:

the Venturi tower air inlet pipe is communicated with the top of the contraction section of each Venturi tower;

the smoke conveying pipeline is used for conveying the desulfurized smoke;

and the induced draft fan is connected in series with the smoke conveying pipeline so as to introduce the smoke in the smoke conveying pipeline into the air inlet pipe of the Venturi tower.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorption system, one end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe is communicated with the smoke conveying pipeline, and the other end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe is blocked by a blind plate.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorption system, the absorption tower filler layer is a plurality of layers arranged at intervals in a height direction of the absorption tower body, and the lean solution spraying system is configured to spray the carbon dioxide absorption solution above the absorption tower filler layer located at the top.

Optionally, in the carbon dioxide absorption system, an absorption tower defogging layer is further arranged in the absorption tower body.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorbing system, the lean liquid spray system includes:

the first end of the barren liquor spraying pipe is communicated with a barren liquor nozzle, and the barren liquor nozzle is used for spraying carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the absorption tower packing layer positioned at the top;

and the lean solution spraying pump is connected in series with the lean solution spraying pipe to drive the carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the lean solution spraying pipe to be sprayed out from the lean solution nozzle.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe downstream of the lean liquid spray pump;

and a manual ball valve is connected in series on the barren liquor spraying pipe at the upstream of the barren liquor spraying pump.

According to the carbon dioxide absorption system provided by the invention, the flue gas of the power plant enters the carbon dioxide absorption system after being subjected to desulfurization pretreatment, namely enters the contraction section of the Venturi tower, and the Venturi tower is of a Venturi three-section structure with the contraction section, the throat section and the diffusion section from top to bottom, so that the flow velocity of the dusty high-temperature flue gas entering the Venturi tower is increased. Simultaneously, a cooling and dedusting spray system is adopted to spray cooling and dedusting liquid from top to bottom to the upper part of a filling layer of the Venturi tower, when dusty high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dedusting liquid flow through the filling layer of the Venturi tower in the Venturi tower, full contact reaction is carried out under the action of the filling layer of the Venturi tower to generate condensation, a communicating box body which falls to the lower part of the Venturi tower after large dusty high-temperature liquid drops are formed, gas after cooling and dedusting enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower from the communicating box body, carbon dioxide absorption liquid which is sprayed with a barren liquor spray system from bottom to top is subjected to full gas-liquid contact reaction at the filling layer of the absorption tower and falls back to the communicating box body along with the action of gravity, and the top of the decarbonized gas absorption tower body after being trapped is discharged through an exhaust pipe of the absorption tower or enters a next treatment refining unit.

According to the invention, the venturi packing layer is arranged at the throat section, and the spray point of the cooling and dedusting spray system is arranged at the contraction section, so that the control of the venturi structure on the flow velocity of gas (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas) can be greatly utilized, the relative flow velocity of gas and liquid (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas and cooling and dedusting liquid) is maximized at the venturi packing layer, liquid drops are atomized under high-speed gas flow, the gas humidity is saturated, and dust particles and liquid drops are violently collided and condensed to achieve the effect of efficient dedusting. The invention utilizes the special structure of the Venturi tower to replace a cooling dust removal device (devices such as a closed cooling tower, a bag-type dust remover and the like) with larger occupied area, and can greatly save the energy consumption and the water consumption of a dust removal and cooling working section. And the venturi tower is through the intercommunication box intercommunication with the carbon dioxide absorption tower, when greatly reducing area, has cooling dust removal and carbon dioxide entrapment function concurrently.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide absorption system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Venturi tower system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communicating box system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide absorption tower disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a side view of a carbon dioxide absorbing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The meaning of the various reference numerals in figures 1 to 5 is as follows:

10 is a Venturi tower, 20 is a carbon dioxide absorption tower, 30 is a communication box body, 40 is a cooling and dedusting spray system, 50 is a barren solution spray system, 60 is a smoke guiding system, 70 is a liquid supplementing system, 80 is a liquid discharging system, and 90 is an absorption liquid conveying unit;

11 is a contraction section, 12 is a throat section, 13 is a diffusion section, 14 is a Venturi tower packing layer, 21 is an absorption tower body, 22 is an absorption tower defogging layer, 23 is an absorption tower packing layer, 24 is an absorption tower exhaust pipe, 31 is a communication box body, 32 is a heat conduction partition plate, 41 is a cooling and dedusting spray pipe, 42 is a spray liquid nozzle, 43 is a rotor flow meter, 44 is a Venturi circulating pump, 51 is a barren liquid spray pipe, 52 is a barren liquid spray pump, 53 is a barren liquid nozzle, 61 is a gas transmission pipeline, 62 is an induced draft fan, 63 is a Venturi tower air inlet pipe, 71 is a liquid supplementing pipeline, 72 is a liquid supplementing valve, 81 is a liquid discharge pipeline, 82 is a liquid discharge valve, 91 is an absorption liquid transmission pipeline and 92 is an absorption liquid transmission pump.

Detailed Description

The core of the invention is to provide a carbon dioxide absorption system, which has the functions of temperature reduction, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture while reducing the occupied area.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a carbon dioxide absorption system, which comprises a venturi tower 10, a temperature-reducing and dust-removing spray system 40, a carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, a barren solution spray system 50 and a communication box 30.

As shown in fig. 2, the venturi tower 10 includes a contraction section 11, a throat section 12 and a diffusion section 13 in sequence from high to low, and the high to low refers to a positional relationship after the venturi tower 10 is installed. The diameter of the contraction section 11 is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the flue gas; the throat section 12 means that the diameter of the throat section 12 is unchanged along the flow direction of flue gas; the diffuser section 13 means that the diameter of the diffuser section 13 is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the flue gas.

The Venturi tower 10 is used for cooling and dedusting the flue gas after desulfurization pretreatment. The throat section 12 is provided with a venturi packing layer 14, the contraction section 11 is used for receiving desulfurized flue gas introduced by the smoke guide system 60, and the flue gas flows along the venturi 10 from top to bottom because the contraction section 11 is positioned at the uppermost part of the venturi 10. In this embodiment, the venturi packing layer 14 may adopt SS304 pall ring packing, and it should be noted that other packing may be selected as long as it can ensure uniform gas-liquid mixing for the venturi packing layer 14.

The cooling and dedusting spray system 40 is used for spraying cooling and dedusting liquid to the upper part of the filling layer 14 of the Venturi tower, flue gas of a power plant enters the carbon dioxide absorption system after being subjected to desulfurization pretreatment, and firstly enters the contraction section 11 of the Venturi tower 10, and the Venturi tower 10 is of a Venturi three-section structure with the contraction section 11, the throat section 12 and the diffusion section 13 from top to bottom, so that the flow rate of the dusty high-temperature flue gas entering the Venturi tower 10 is increased. Meanwhile, the cooling and dedusting spraying system 40 is adopted to spray cooling and dedusting liquid to the upper part of the Venturi tower packing layer 14 from top to bottom, and when dust-containing high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dedusting liquid flow through the Venturi tower packing layer 14 in the Venturi tower 10, full contact reaction is performed to generate condensation under the action of the Venturi tower packing layer 14, and larger dust-containing high-temperature liquid drops are formed.

As shown in fig. 4, the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 includes an absorption tower body 21 and an absorption tower filler layer 23 disposed in the absorption tower body 21, and an absorption tower exhaust duct 24 is disposed at the top of the absorption tower body 21. In this embodiment, the packing layer 23 of the absorption tower can adopt SS304 pall ring packing, and it should be noted that other packing can be selected as the packing layer 23 of the absorption tower as long as uniform gas-liquid mixing can be ensured.

The lean liquid spraying system 50 is used for spraying carbon dioxide absorption liquid to the upper part of the absorption tower packing layer 23, the gas cooled and dedusted by the Venturi tower 10 enters the absorption tower body 21 of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, the carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the lean liquid spraying system 50 from bottom to top performs sufficient gas-liquid contact reaction on the absorption tower packing layer 23, and the captured decarbonized gas is discharged from the top of the absorption tower body 21 through the absorption tower exhaust pipe 24 or enters a next treatment refining unit.

The bottom of the absorption tower body 21 is communicated with the diffusion section 13 through the communication box body 30, so that the gas cooled and dedusted by the venturi tower 10 can enter the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 through the communication box body 30. When the dusty high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dedusting liquid flow through the filler layer 14 of the venturi tower in the venturi tower 10, the high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dedusting liquid are fully contacted and reacted to generate condensation under the action of the filler layer 14 of the venturi tower, so that larger dusty high-temperature liquid drops are formed, and the communicating box body 30 can also receive the dusty high-temperature liquid drops falling freely from the venturi tower 10. The gas after temperature reduction and dust removal enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 from the communication box 30, and the carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed from the lean liquid spraying system 50 from bottom to top is subjected to sufficient gas-liquid contact reaction on the absorption tower packing layer 23 and falls back to the communication box 30 along with the action of gravity.

According to the invention, the venturi packing layer 14 is arranged on the throat pipe section 12, and the spraying point of the cooling and dedusting spraying system is arranged on the contraction section 11, so that the flow velocity of gas (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas) can be controlled by the venturi structure greatly, the relative flow velocity of gas and liquid (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas and cooling and dedusting liquid) is maximized on the venturi packing layer 14, liquid drops are atomized under high-speed gas flow, the gas humidity is saturated, dust particles and liquid drops collide and agglomerate violently, the high-efficiency dedusting effect is achieved, and meanwhile, under violent gas-liquid contact, the cooling and dedusting liquid and the high-temperature flue gas generate sufficient heat exchange to form steam to take away heat, so that the flue gas cooling effect is achieved. The invention utilizes the special structure of the Venturi tower 10 to replace cooling dust removal devices (devices such as a closed cooling tower, a bag-type dust remover and the like) with larger occupied area, and can greatly save the energy consumption and the water consumption of a dust removal and cooling working section. And venturi tower 10 and carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 are through communicating box 30 intercommunication, when greatly reducing area, have cooling dust removal and carbon dioxide entrapment function concurrently.

As shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication box body 30 includes a communication box body 31 and a heat conductive partition plate 32 disposed in the communication box body 31. The heat conductive partition 32 is a partition having a heat conductive capability, so that both sides of the heat conductive partition 32 can sufficiently exchange heat. The heat-conducting partition plate 32 is disposed on the bottom wall of the communication box body 31, and a flue for flowing flue gas is disposed between the heat-conducting partition plate and the top wall of the communication box body 31.

The heat-conducting partition plate 32 divides the communicating box body 31 into a pretreatment tank and a cold rich liquid tank, the pretreatment tank is used for receiving the cooling and dedusting liquid falling from the venturi tower 10, and the cold rich liquid tank is used for receiving the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid falling from the carbon dioxide absorbing tower 20. In this embodiment, the communicating box body 31 is divided into the pretreatment tank and the cold rich liquid tank by the heat conductive partition plate 32, and the liquids falling from the venturi tower 10 and the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 are respectively received, so that the liquids in the pretreatment tank and the cold rich liquid tank are not mixed, and the liquids can be recycled.

A flue for communicating the bottom of the absorption tower body 21 and the diffuser section 13 is formed above the liquid level of the communication box body 31, that is, a space is required to be ensured between the liquid level of the communication box body 31 and the top wall of the communication box body 31, so that the gas cooled and dedusted by the venturi tower 10 can enter the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20.

In this embodiment, set up thermal baffle 32 in the intercommunication case body 31, a cold pregnant solution in the preliminary treatment inslot for conduction venturi tower 10 below is carried out the preheat with the cold pregnant solution in the cold pregnant solution inslot of carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 below, the cold pregnant solution absorbs the liquid that forms after the saturation for the carbon dioxide absorption liquid, reduce the energy consumption of heating cold pregnant solution when follow-up carbon dioxide absorption liquid regenerates, meanwhile still can suitably cool down the cooling and dust removing liquid in the preliminary treatment inslot, reduce the change frequency of cooling and dust removing liquid, the cooling and dust removing liquid can be medium such as water, as long as can cool down and can with the liquid that the dust condenses can.

In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat conductive separator 32, in the present embodiment, the heat conductive separator 32 is provided with heat exchange fins on a side facing the pretreatment tank and/or a side facing the cold rich liquid tank. In this embodiment, through set up heat transfer fin on heat conduction baffle 32, can increase heat transfer area of heat conduction baffle 32, can improve the temperature of the cold pregnant solution in the cold pregnant solution groove then, reduce the temperature of the cooling dust removal liquid of preliminary treatment inslot.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the cooling and dust-removing spray system 40 includes a cooling and dust-removing spray pipe 41, a venturi circulation pump 44, and a spray liquid nozzle 42.

Wherein, the first end of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe 41 is communicated with a spray liquid nozzle 42, and the spray liquid nozzle 42 is arranged in the contraction section 11 to spray the cooling and dedusting liquid above the filling layer 14 of the venturi tower. SS304 spiral nozzle can be selected to spray liquid nozzle 42 for cooling dust removal liquid is the heliciform after being spout and sprays, improves the atomizing degree of cooling dust removal liquid, improves the mixing efficiency with the high temperature flue gas.

The outlet of the venturi circulating pump 44 is communicated with the second end of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe 41, the inlet of the venturi circulating pump 44 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is communicated below the liquid level of the pretreatment tank. Under the power of the venturi circulating pump 44, the cooling and dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank is pumped out through the liquid inlet pipe and sprayed to the filling layer 14 of the venturi tower through the spraying liquid nozzle 42 through the cooling and dedusting spraying pipe 41.

Furthermore, a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flow meter 43 can be connected in series on the cooling and dust removing spray pipe 41, and an electric ball valve is connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe. The check valve makes the second end of the cooling and dust removing spray pipe 41 in a communicated state in the direction from the first end, and the first end is in a cut-off state in the direction from the second end. That is to say, the cooling and dedusting liquid can only flow from the venturi circulating pump 44 to the spraying liquid nozzle 42, and the cooling and dedusting liquid can be prevented from flowing back to the pretreatment tank through the spraying liquid nozzle 42.

An operator can manually cut off the passage of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe 41 through a manual ball valve so as to control the working state of the spray liquid nozzle 42. The rotameter 43 is used for detecting the flow of the cooling and dedusting liquid in the cooling and dedusting spray pipe 41, so that the rotating speed of the venturi circulating pump 44 can be controlled according to the flow, then the flow sprayed out from the spray liquid nozzle 42 is fluctuated within a certain range, and the flow is prevented from being too low or too high. The electric ball valve can be automatically controlled and automatically opened through the controller according to requirements.

As shown in fig. 1, when spraying, the cooling dedusting liquid exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, and steam is formed and runs off, so that the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank needs to be supplemented regularly. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention may further include a fluid replenishment system 70 for replenishing the temperature-reducing and dust-removing fluid into the pretreatment tank. An operator can supplement the cooling and dedusting liquid into the pretreatment tank through the liquid supplementing system 70 according to the volume of the cooling and dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank when needed.

As shown in FIG. 3, fluid replacement system 70 may include a fluid replacement line 71 and a fluid replacement valve 72 connected in series with fluid replacement line 71. One end of the liquid supplementing pipeline 71 is communicated with the pretreatment tank, and can be specifically communicated above the liquid level of the pretreatment tank, and the other end of the liquid supplementing pipeline 71 is communicated with the water supply pipe. The liquid supplementing pipeline 71 can be opened or cut off through the liquid supplementing valve 72, and when the liquid supplementing valve 72 is opened, the temperature-reducing and dust-removing liquid in the water supply pipe can enter the pretreatment tank through the liquid supplementing pipeline 71; when the liquid supplementing valve 72 is closed, the temperature-reducing and dust-removing liquid in the water supply pipe is stopped.

As shown in fig. 1, after the cooling dedusting liquid exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas several times, the impurities in the cooling dedusting liquid are more and need to be replaced. Based on this, the carbon dioxide absorption system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may further include a liquid discharge system 80 and a liquid level sensor.

The liquor drainage system 80 is used for discharging the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank, and an operator can discharge the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank through the liquor drainage system 80 according to the volume of the cooling dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank and the impurity content of the cooling dedusting liquid when needed.

As shown in FIG. 3, drain system 80 may include a drain line 81 and a drain valve 82 connected in series with drain line 81. One end of the liquid discharge pipeline 81 is communicated with the pretreatment tank, and particularly can be communicated with the bottom of the pretreatment tank, and the other end of the liquid discharge pipeline 81 is communicated with the water discharge pipe. The drainage pipeline 81 can be opened or cut off through the drainage valve 82, and when the drainage valve 82 is opened, the temperature-reducing and dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank can be discharged into a drainage pipe through the drainage pipeline 81 and finally discharged to a corresponding position through the drainage pipe; when the drain valve 82 is closed, the temperature-reducing dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank is stopped.

The liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level in the pretreatment tank, and when the liquid level is lower than a first preset liquid level, the liquid supplementing system 70 is started; when the liquid level is higher than the second preset liquid level, the liquid discharge system 80 is started, so that the temperature-reducing and dust-removing liquid in the pretreatment tank is always between the first preset liquid level and the second preset liquid level.

Pretreatment tank still can set up temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of pretreatment tank internal cooling dust removal liquid, when the temperature surpassed preset temperature, opens the interior cooling dust removal liquid of flowing back system 80 discharge pretreatment tank to open fluid infusion system 70, for pretreatment tank supplement new cooling dust removal liquid, reduce the temperature of pretreatment tank internal cooling dust removal liquid then.

Specifically, the venturi tower 10 may be communicated to the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange, so as to facilitate the assembly of the venturi tower 10 and the communication tank 30.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon dioxide absorbing system may further include an absorbing liquid conveying unit 90 which is communicated with the cold rich liquid tank to convey the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid after being saturated in the cold rich liquid tank to the absorbent regenerating unit. The carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank needs to be regenerated after being repeatedly used, and the carbon dioxide absorption liquid after being saturated in the cold rich liquid tank can be conveyed to the absorbent regeneration unit for regeneration through the absorption liquid conveying unit 90, and then the carbon dioxide absorption liquid is used after being regenerated.

As shown in fig. 3, the absorption liquid transfer unit 90 may include an absorption liquid transfer line 91, and an absorption liquid transfer pump 92 and a manual ball valve connected in series to the absorption liquid transfer line 91, the manual ball valve being located between the absorption liquid transfer pump 92 and the cold rich liquid tank. The absorption liquid conveying pipeline 91 can be opened or closed through a manual ball valve, and when the manual ball valve is opened, the carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank can be pumped into the absorbent regeneration unit through the absorption liquid conveying pipeline 91 under the action of the absorption liquid conveying pump 92; when the manual ball valve is closed, the absorption liquid feed pipe 91 is cut off.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to improve the cooling and dust removing efficiency, in this embodiment, the venturi tower 10 is located at one side of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, and is a plurality of venturi towers arranged in parallel, and fig. 5 shows a scheme of three venturi towers 10, it should be noted that the specific number of venturi towers 10 may be set according to the treatment amount of the flue gas.

As shown in fig. 2, further, the smoke inducing system 60 includes a venturi tower air inlet duct 63, a smoke conveying duct 61 and an induced draft fan 62. Wherein, the venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 is communicated with the top of the contraction section 11 of each venturi tower 10, so that each venturi tower 10 is in parallel connection.

The smoke conveying pipeline 61 is used for conveying desulfurized smoke, and the induced draft fan 62 is connected in series with the smoke conveying pipeline 61 so as to introduce the smoke in the smoke conveying pipeline 61 into the air inlet pipe 63 of the Venturi tower. The flue gas is fed into the air inlet pipe 63 of the Venturi tower through the flue gas conveying pipeline 61 under the action of the induced draft fan 62 and is sequentially fed into each Venturi tower 10 for treatment.

Furthermore, one end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 is communicated with the smoke conveying pipeline 61, and the other end can be blocked by a blind plate, so that delayed leakage is avoided. Both ends of the air inlet pipe 63 of the venturi tower can be plugged, and the smoke conveying pipeline 61 is communicated with the area between the two ends of the air inlet pipe 63 of the venturi tower.

In the present embodiment, the absorption tower filler layer 23 may be a plurality of layers arranged at intervals in the height direction of the absorption tower body 21, and the lean liquid spraying system 50 is configured to spray the carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the absorption tower filler layer 23 located at the top to improve the carbon dioxide absorption efficiency. An absorption tower demisting layer 22 is also arranged in the absorption tower body 21, and the absorption tower demisting layer 22 is positioned above the absorption tower packing layer 23. The decarbonization gas is demisted by an absorption tower demisting layer 22 and then discharged through an absorption tower exhaust pipe 24, and the absorption tower demisting layer 22 can be an SS304 baffle plate.

As shown in fig. 4, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lean spray system 50 includes a lean spray pipe 51, a lean spray nozzle 53, and a lean spray pump 52. The lean solution spray pipe 51 is communicated with a lean solution nozzle 53 at a first end, and the lean solution nozzle 53 is used for spraying the carbon dioxide absorption solution above the absorption tower packing layer 23 at the top. The lean solution nozzle 53 can be an SS304 spiral nozzle, so that the carbon dioxide absorption solution is sprayed spirally, the atomization degree of the carbon dioxide absorption solution is improved, and the reaction efficiency with the high-temperature flue gas is improved.

The lean spray pump 52 is connected in series to the lean spray pipe 51 to drive the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the lean spray pipe 51 to be sprayed from the lean nozzles 53. Under the power of the lean liquid spray pump 52, the lean liquid is sprayed to the absorber packing layer 23 by the lean liquid spray pump 52 through the lean liquid spray pipe 51.

Further, a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series to the lean shower pipe 51 downstream of the lean shower pump 52. A manual ball valve is connected in series to the lean shower pipe 51 upstream of the lean shower pump 52. The check valve makes the second end of the lean liquid shower pipe 51 in a communicating state to the first end, and the first end is in a cut-off state to the second end. That is, the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid can be caused to flow only in the direction of the lean nozzle 53 by the lean spray pump 52, and the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid can be prevented from flowing backward. An operator can manually cut off the passage of the lean spray pipe 51 upstream and downstream of the lean spray pump 52 through a manual ball valve to control the operation state of the lean spray nozzle 53.

It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.

As used in this application and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the description of the embodiments herein, "/" means "or" unless otherwise specified, for example, a/B may mean a or B; "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two.

In the following, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide absorbing system, comprising:

the Venturi tower (10) sequentially comprises a contraction section (11), a throat section (12) and a diffusion section (13) from high to low, wherein the throat section (12) is provided with a Venturi tower packing layer (14), and the contraction section (11) is used for receiving desulfurized flue gas introduced by the smoke guide system (60);

the cooling and dedusting spraying system (40) is used for spraying cooling and dedusting liquid to the upper part of the filling layer (14) of the Venturi tower;

the carbon dioxide absorption tower (20) comprises an absorption tower body (21) and an absorption tower filler layer (23) arranged in the absorption tower body (21), and an absorption tower exhaust pipe (24) is arranged at the top of the absorption tower body (21);

the lean solution spraying system (50) is used for spraying carbon dioxide absorption solution above the absorption tower packing layer (23);

the bottom of the absorption tower body (21) is communicated with the diffusion section (13) through the communication box body (30).

2. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 1, wherein the communication tank body (30) includes a communication tank body (31) and a heat conductive partition plate (32) provided inside the communication tank body (31);

the heat-conducting partition plate (32) divides the communication box body (31) into a pretreatment groove and a cold rich liquid groove, the pretreatment groove is used for receiving the cooling and dedusting liquid falling from the Venturi tower (10), and the cold rich liquid groove is used for receiving the carbon dioxide absorption liquid falling from the carbon dioxide absorption tower (20);

and a flue for communicating the bottom of the absorption tower body (21) with the diffusion section (13) is formed above the liquid level of the communication box body (31).

3. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 2, wherein the heat conductive partition plate (32) is provided at a bottom wall of the communication tank body (31) with the flue for circulation of flue gas therebetween and a top wall of the communication tank body (31).

4. Carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, wherein the side of the thermally conductive separator (32) facing the pre-treatment tank and/or the side facing the cold rich liquid tank is provided with heat exchange fins.

5. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 2, wherein the temperature reducing and dust removing spray system (40) comprises:

the first end of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe (41) is communicated with a spray liquid nozzle (42), and the spray liquid nozzle (42) is arranged in the contraction section (11) so as to spray cooling and dedusting liquid above the Venturi tower packing layer (14);

and an outlet of the Venturi circulating pump (44) is communicated with the second end of the cooling and dedusting spray pipe (41), an inlet of the Venturi circulating pump is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the liquid level of the pretreatment tank.

6. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 5, further comprising a liquid replenishment system (70) for replenishing the temperature-lowering and dust-removing liquid into the pretreatment tank.

7. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 6, further comprising:

a liquid discharge system (80) for discharging the cooling and dedusting liquid in the pretreatment tank;

the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level in the pretreatment tank, and the liquid supplementing system (70) is started when the liquid level is lower than a first preset liquid level; when the liquid level is higher than a second preset liquid level, the liquid drainage system (80) is started;

temperature sensor for detect the temperature of preliminary treatment inslot cooling dust removal liquid when the temperature exceedes preset temperature, opens flowing back system (80) is discharged preliminary treatment inslot cooling dust removal liquid, and open fluid infusion system (70), for preliminary treatment groove supplements new cooling dust removal liquid.

8. The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 5, wherein a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flow meter (43) are connected in series on the temperature-reducing and dust-removing spray pipe (41), and an electric ball valve is connected in series on the liquid inlet pipe.

9. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 2, wherein the venturi tower (10) communicates with the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange.

10. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 2, further comprising an absorbing liquid conveying unit (90) that communicates with the cold rich liquid tank to convey the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid saturated in the cold rich liquid tank to an absorbent regeneration unit.

11. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 10, wherein the absorbing liquid conveying unit (90) includes an absorbing liquid conveying line (91), and an absorbing liquid conveying pump (92) and a manual ball valve which are connected in series to the absorbing liquid conveying line (91), the manual ball valve being located between the absorbing liquid conveying pump (92) and the cold rich liquid tank.

12. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the venturi tower (10) is located on one side of the carbon dioxide absorbing tower (20) and is a plurality arranged in parallel.

13. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 12, wherein the fume inducing system (60) comprises:

the Venturi tower air inlet pipe (63) is communicated with the top of the contraction section (11) of each Venturi tower (10);

the smoke conveying pipeline (61) is used for conveying desulfurized smoke;

and the induced draft fan (62) is connected in series with the smoke conveying pipeline (61) so as to introduce the smoke in the smoke conveying pipeline (61) into the air inlet pipe (63) of the Venturi tower.

14. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 13, wherein one end of the venturi air inlet pipe (63) is communicated with the smoke conveying pipeline (61), and the other end is blocked by a blind plate.

15. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the absorption tower filler layer (23) is a plurality of layers arranged at intervals in a height direction of the absorption tower body (21), and the lean liquid spraying system (50) is configured to spray the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid above the absorption tower filler layer (23) located at the top.

16. The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 15, wherein an absorption tower defogging layer (22) is further provided in the absorption tower body (21).

17. The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 15, wherein the lean liquid spray system (50) comprises:

the lean solution spraying pipe (51), a first end of the lean solution spraying pipe (51) is communicated with a lean solution nozzle (53), and the lean solution nozzle (53) is used for spraying a carbon dioxide absorption solution above the absorption tower packing layer (23) positioned at the top;

and a lean spray pump (52) connected in series to the lean spray pipe (51) to drive the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the lean spray pipe (51) to be sprayed out from the lean nozzle (53).

18. The carbon dioxide absorbing system according to claim 17, wherein a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series to the lean liquid shower pipe (51) downstream of the lean liquid shower pump (52);

and a manual ball valve is connected in series on the lean solution spray pipe (51) at the upstream of the lean solution spray pump (52).