CN115030780B - Operation method of turbo generator set system capable of efficiently operating in wide load range - Google Patents
Operation method of turbo generator set system capable of efficiently operating in wide load range Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an operation method of a turbo generator set system which operates efficiently in a wide load interval, belongs to the field of steam turbine power generation, and solves the problems of high power generation heat consumption rate and poor safety when a traditional turbo generator set operates under a low load; when the overall power generation load of the turbo generator set is smaller than or equal to the rated power generation load of the main unit, a steam inlet regulating valve on a secondary steam guide pipe of the middle and low pressure cylinder is closed, a circuit breaker is disconnected, the secondary unit low pressure cylinder stops steam inlet and power generation, and the secondary unit is switched to a standby or shutdown state; as the auxiliary unit is withdrawn, the exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is discharged through the main low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, so that the volume flow of the exhaust end of the main low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine can be restored to a level close to the rated working condition, excessive attenuation of the efficiency of the main low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is avoided, the trend of increasing the power generation heat rate of the whole system is obviously relieved, and the problems of increasing the exhaust steam temperature of the main low pressure cylinder, increasing the vibration amplitude of the blades, increasing the dynamic stress and the like are all restrained and improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an operation method of a steam turbine generator unit system, in particular to a method for efficiently and safely regulating peak in a wide load range of a double-shaft steam turbine generator unit system.
Background
The existing turbo generator set adopts a single-shaft type, namely, a high-pressure cylinder, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder and a generator of the steam turbine are coaxially arranged, and are designed and manufactured by taking 100% of power generation load as a rated working condition; when the power grid requires deep peak shaving of the turbo generator unit, the actual operation condition of the turbo generator unit deviates from the rated condition more and more seriously along with the reduction of the power generation load, and the heat consumption rate of the turbo generator unit is also increased gradually; the lower the power generation load is, the more the heat rate of the steam turbine generator unit is increased, and the dynamic stress of the final stage blade of the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is rapidly increased at about 30% of rated load; at lower load, the problems of blade flutter, exhaust super temperature, blade root water erosion and the like endangering safe operation can also occur, so that the operation safety performance and economic performance of the turbogenerator are rapidly deteriorated; in the current power grid system with increasingly increased new energy power generation in China, the generating capacity of the photovoltaic is more in the daytime, the steam turbine generator unit of the thermal power plant is mainly operated in a mode of deep peak regulation with low generating load, but in two periods of time before sunrise and after sunset, the photovoltaic stops generating power, and at the moment, the steam turbine generator unit of the thermal power plant is required to operate in a high generating load mode; the traditional turbo generator set system is limited by the performance characteristics of the turbo generator set system and the operation characteristics of a power grid, and only a part of the economy and safety of operation can be sacrificed in low-load operation, so that the flexibility of peak shaving operation is replaced.
Patent application number 202111584542.4, entitled "a biaxial steam turbine system for deep flexible peaking", discloses the following information: a double-shaft steam turbine system for deep flexible peak shaving, which comprises a steam turbine set and a first generator which are connected with each other, and is characterized in that the double-shaft steam turbine system also comprises a communication pipeline, a low-pressure cylinder set and a second generator, the steam turbine set is connected with the communication pipeline, the steam turbine set is connected with steam and supplies steam to the communication pipeline, the low-pressure cylinder set comprises a plurality of peak shaving low-pressure cylinders (the low-pressure cylinder set comprises a first peak shaving low-pressure cylinder and a second peak shaving low-pressure cylinder), Each peak regulation low-pressure cylinder is connected to the communication pipeline through a corresponding peak regulation valve, each peak regulation low-pressure cylinder is connected in sequence and then connected to the second generator, and one end of the communication pipeline is provided with a heat supply valve; When the unit load of the double-shaft steam turbine system is larger than a preset peak shaving load, opening each peak shaving valve to enable steam to enter each peak shaving low-pressure cylinder, and enabling the first generator and the second generator to work simultaneously; when the unit load of the double-shaft steam turbine system does not exceed the preset peak regulation load, closing each peak regulation valve, and operating the first generator; the peak regulating load has a value range of 75-85% of the rated load range; the peak shaving mode of the double-shaft steam turbine system is not feasible in field implementation, and the reason is as follows: firstly, taking 75% -85% rated load as a node, closing each peak regulating valve, and stopping a plurality of peak regulating low-pressure cylinders to realize deep peak regulating operation; However, in the actual operation of the turbo generator set of the power plant, 75% of rated load and above are basically the economical and efficient operation interval of the turbo generator set, 75% -85% of rated load is used as peak regulation node, and the low-pressure cylinder of the part is stopped, so that the economic operation of the turbo generator set is not beneficial; during actual power generation and transmission, grid scheduling often requires: the turbo generator set repeatedly passes through 75% -85% of rated load in a day time, if 75% -85% of rated load is used as a condition for switching on and off a plurality of peak regulation low-pressure cylinders, the switching on and off of the peak regulation low-pressure cylinders is too frequent, and the economic and safe operation of the turbo generator set is not facilitated; therefore, how to scientifically and reasonably determine the cutting condition of the peak shaving low-pressure cylinder is a key for realizing the efficient and safe peak shaving operation of the steam turbine, and is also a key for the scientific operation of the double-shaft steam turbine generator unit system; secondly, when the steam turbine generator unit runs at 50% rated load and above, the safety problems of over-temperature, water erosion and vibration of the low-pressure cylinder blade are basically avoided; finally, the technical scheme is that a plurality of peak regulation low-pressure cylinders are shut down by closing each peak regulation valve, the peak regulation valves of the low-pressure cylinders are closed, so that the low-pressure cylinders stop running, and after the low-pressure cylinders are shut down, if the low-pressure cylinders are started again, at least operation procedures such as turning, flushing, cylinder warming and the like are required to be carried out, and the whole process has the defects of long time consumption and low capacity of responding to the rapid load rising requirement of a power grid; In addition, the frequent alternating cold and hot changes of the peak shaving low-pressure cylinder can accelerate the service life loss of the peak shaving low-pressure cylinder, and increase the risk of safe operation; in addition, in the system structure, two or more than two peak regulation low-pressure cylinders which are simultaneously started and stopped are arranged, so that the complexity of a peak regulation system is caused, a plurality of peak regulation low-pressure cylinders occupy a large factory space, the investment is high, and the economical efficiency of the system is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an operation method of a turbo generator set system capable of efficiently operating in a wide load interval, which solves the technical problems of high power generation heat consumption rate and poor safety when the existing turbo generator set operates under a low load; the invention not only gives consideration to the better economic performance of the operation of the turbo generator set when the rated load is 75% or more, but also realizes the economical efficiency and the safety of the turbo generator set when the rated load is 50% or less.
The invention researches the thermodynamic characteristic data of 20-85% of power generation load regions of a large number of steam turbine generator units, and discovers after calculation and analysis: when the steam turbine generator unit runs under low power generation load, the efficiency of the high-pressure cylinder and the efficiency of the medium-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine are very small, and the efficiency of the generator is very little attenuated; the most important factor causing the great rise of the power generation heat rate of the steam turbine generator unit is that the efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is greatly attenuated along with the reduction of the power generation load except the reduction of the new steam parameters of the boiler; further data analysis shows that when other boundary conditions are the same, the lower the power generation load of the steam turbine generator unit is, the smaller the volume flow of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder is; the more the volume flow of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder deviates from the rated working condition, the greater the cylinder efficiency attenuation of the low-pressure cylinder is; for example: the efficiency of a low-pressure cylinder of a certain 1000MW steam turbine generator unit under the rated working condition is 90%; the exhaust volume flow of the low-pressure cylinder at 75% of rated load is about 81% of the rated working condition flow, and the cylinder efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is 90%; the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas of the low-pressure cylinder at 50% of rated load is about 60% of the rated working condition flow rate, and the cylinder efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is 87%; the exhaust volume flow of the low-pressure cylinder at 40% of rated load is about 52% of rated working condition flow, and the cylinder efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is 82%; the exhaust volume flow of the low-pressure cylinder at 30% of rated load is about 45% of the rated working condition flow, and the cylinder efficiency of the low-pressure cylinder is 80%; when the volume flow of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust gas is reduced to below 30% along with the power generation load of the steam turbine generator unit, the cylinder efficiency, the exhaust gas temperature of the low-pressure cylinder, the vibration value and the dynamic stress of the last-stage blade of the low-pressure cylinder are further deteriorated until the unit operation alarm is triggered and even an abnormal shutdown accident occurs; through a great number of researches, analyses and field tests, the invention explores the optimal node for cutting off the low-pressure cylinder and carrying out peak shaving.
The general conception of the invention is that: the double-shaft low-pressure cylinder is adopted to drive the steam turbine generator unit structure of the double-generator, 50% rated load is used as the condition of switching of the auxiliary unit, and the existing economical efficiency of the steam turbine generator unit is maintained when 75% rated load and above are adopted; the economical efficiency and the safety of the steam turbine generator unit running below 50% of rated load are realized; when the turbo generator set operates at 50% rated load and above, the main unit and the auxiliary unit are both in a power generation operation state; when the turbo generator set runs below 50% rated load and needs to be lifted to 50% rated load or above in 8 hours, the auxiliary set is switched to a hot standby state of low-speed idle running; when the turbo generator set operates below 50% rated load and then operates below 50% rated load for more than 8 hours, the auxiliary unit can be switched to the off-line state.
A method for operating the turbo generator set system in the high-efficient operation of wide load interval, by the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine, the middle-pressure cylinder of the turbine, the main steam pipe of the middle-low pressure cylinder, the main low pressure cylinder of the turbine, main generator, main seal busbar and main transformer make up the main set, set up the main steam pipe of the middle-low pressure cylinder between middle-pressure cylinder of the turbine and main low pressure cylinder of the turbine, arrange the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine, middle-pressure cylinder of the turbine, main low pressure cylinder of the turbine coaxially with main generator, make up the main set shafting, the main generator, link together with main transformer through the main seal busbar;
The auxiliary engine set is composed of an auxiliary steam guide pipe of a middle low pressure cylinder, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder of a steam turbine, an auxiliary generator, an auxiliary closed bus and a breaker, wherein the auxiliary steam guide pipe of the middle low pressure cylinder is arranged between the middle low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the auxiliary low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve is arranged on the auxiliary steam guide pipe of the middle low pressure cylinder, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the auxiliary generator are coaxially arranged and are independent from the shafting of the main engine set, the auxiliary generator is connected with the main transformer through the auxiliary closed bus, and the breaker is arranged on the auxiliary closed bus; the operation is characterized in that:
When the power generation load of the turbo generator set is greater than or equal to 50% of the rated load of the turbo generator set, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve is fully opened, the circuit breaker is closed, and the main unit and the auxiliary unit are in an on-line power generation state;
When the power generation load of the turbo generator set is reduced to less than 50% of the rated load of the turbo generator set,
If the turbo generator set needs to be lifted to 50% or more of the rated load of the turbo generator set within 8 hours, the turbo generator set is operated; the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve is regulated to the minimum opening degree, and then the circuit breaker is disconnected, so that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder and the auxiliary generator of the steam turbine are maintained at the minimum rotating speed of hot standby, the main unit is in a power generation working state, and the auxiliary unit is in a hot standby state without power generation;
If the turbo generator set continuously runs below 50% of rated load of the turbo generator set; and closing the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve, and opening the circuit breaker to switch the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder and the auxiliary generator of the steam turbine into off-operation states, wherein the main unit is in a power generation working state, and the auxiliary unit is out of the power generation working state.
When the auxiliary unit is in the hot standby state, if the power generation load of the turbo unit needs to rise to 50% or more of the rated load of the turbo unit and continuously run, the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve is increased, so that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder of the turbo unit is gradually increased to 3000 revolutions per minute, after the rotating speed is stable, the circuit breaker is closed, the auxiliary unit is switched from the hot standby state to the grid-connected power generation running state, then the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve is continuously increased until the auxiliary unit is fully opened, and the auxiliary unit is switched into the normal power generation state.
When the auxiliary unit is in the off-state, if the power generation load of the turbo unit needs to rise to 50% or more of the rated load of the turbo unit for continuous operation, starting turning in advance according to the time required by the auxiliary unit for steam inlet, washing, warming and grid-connected power generation,
If the auxiliary machine set stops for more than 72 hours, starting steam inlet flushing rotation about 2-6 hours before planned grid connection, when the steam inlet flushing rotation, slightly opening an auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve to ensure that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is flushed to 500 revolutions per minute, gradually increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve after confirming that the steam turbine runs normally, gradually increasing the steam inlet quantity of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine until the rotating speed reaches 3000 revolutions per minute, closing a circuit breaker after the rotating speed is stable, enabling the auxiliary machine set to finish grid connection power generation, continuously increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve until the auxiliary machine set is fully opened, and enabling the auxiliary machine set to enter a normal power generation running state;
If the shutdown time of the auxiliary machine set does not exceed 72 hours, starting steam inlet flushing rotation 0.3-2 hours before grid connection, when the steam inlet flushing rotation is carried out, slightly opening a steam inlet regulating valve of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder to enable the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to be flushed to 500 revolutions per minute, gradually increasing the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder after confirming that the steam turbine runs normally, gradually increasing the steam inlet quantity of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine until the rotating speed reaches 3000 revolutions per minute, closing a circuit breaker after the rotating speed is stable, enabling the auxiliary machine set to finish grid connection power generation, continuously increasing the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder until the auxiliary machine set is fully opened, and enabling the auxiliary machine set to enter a normal power generation running state.
The invention overcomes the defects of high power generation heat rate and poor safety when the existing turbo generator set runs under low power generation load, and the auxiliary set arranged by split shafts is switched into a hot standby state or a shutdown state of low-speed idling in a working condition interval when the power generation load is lower than the rated load of the turbo generator set, so that the main low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the main unit maintains higher level of exhaust volume flow, the problems of blade vibration and dynamic stress surge, excessive exhaust temperature rise, blade root water erosion and the like when the final-stage blade of the main low-pressure cylinder discharges small volume flow can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile, the power generation heat rate of the double-shaft low-pressure cylinder-driven double-generator turbo generator set runs under low power generation load is greatly superior to other turbo generator set systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
An operation method of a turbo generator set system efficiently operated in a wide load interval comprises the steps of forming a main set by a turbine high-pressure cylinder 1, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder 2, a medium-low pressure cylinder main gas guide pipe 3, a turbine main low-pressure cylinder 4, a main generator 5, a main enclosed bus 6 and a main transformer 7, arranging the medium-low pressure cylinder main gas guide pipe 3 between the turbine medium-pressure cylinder 2 and the turbine main low-pressure cylinder 4, coaxially arranging the turbine high-pressure cylinder 1, the turbine medium-pressure cylinder 2, the turbine main low-pressure cylinder 4 and the main generator 5 to form a main set shafting, and connecting the main generator 5 with the main transformer 7 through the main enclosed bus 6; the auxiliary engine set is composed of an auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of a middle low pressure cylinder, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of a steam turbine, an auxiliary generator 11, an auxiliary enclosed bus 12 and a breaker 13, wherein the auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of the middle low pressure cylinder is arranged between the middle low pressure cylinder 2 of the steam turbine and the auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is arranged on the auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of the middle low pressure cylinder, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine and the auxiliary generator 11 are coaxially arranged and are independent of a main engine set shafting, the auxiliary generator 11 is connected with the main transformer 7 through the auxiliary enclosed bus 12, and the breaker 13 is arranged on the auxiliary enclosed bus 12; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
If the power generation load of the turbo generator set is greater than or equal to 50% of the rated load, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is completely opened, the circuit breaker 13 is closed, and the main unit and the auxiliary unit are in an on-line power generation state;
If the power grid scheduling requires that the power generation load of the turbo generator set is reduced to 50% of rated load and below and continuously runs for no more than 8 hours, the power generation load of the subsequent turbo generator set is increased to more than 50% of rated load and runs, when the load of the turbo generator set is reduced to 50% of rated load, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is gradually closed to the minimum opening degree, and then the circuit breaker 13 is opened, so that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder 10 and the auxiliary generator 11 of the steam turbine are maintained at the minimum rotating speed for hot standby; the main unit is in an online working state; the turbine auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 exits from the power generation operation mode, so that the deviation of the exhaust volume flow of the turbine main low pressure cylinder 4 relative to the rated working condition is small, the heat consumption rate of the turbine generator set and the cylinder efficiency of the main low pressure cylinder can be kept at good levels, the problems of the vibration and dynamic stress increase of the blades of the main low pressure cylinder, the rise of the exhaust temperature and the water erosion of the blade root are effectively restrained;
If the power generation load of the turbo generator set gradually rises from a lower level to 50% of rated load, and the power grid scheduling requires that the turbo generator set continuously operates above 50% of rated load; the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is properly increased, so that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine is gradually increased to 3000 rpm, after the rotating speed is stable, the circuit breaker 13 is closed, the auxiliary unit is switched from a hot standby state to a grid-connected power generation operation state, then the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is continuously increased until the auxiliary unit is fully opened, the auxiliary unit is switched into a normal power generation state, and meanwhile, the power generation load of the steam turbine generator unit can be continuously increased according to the power grid dispatching requirement.
In the second embodiment, an operation method of a turbo generator set system which operates efficiently in a wide load interval is that a main set is formed by a high-pressure cylinder 1 of a turbine, a medium-pressure cylinder 2 of the turbine, a main steam pipe 3 of the medium-low pressure cylinder of the turbine, a main low-pressure cylinder 4 of the turbine, a main generator 5, a main enclosed busbar 6 and a main transformer 7, the main steam pipe 3 of the medium-low pressure cylinder is arranged between the medium-pressure cylinder 2 of the turbine and the main low-pressure cylinder 4 of the turbine, the high-pressure cylinder 1 of the turbine, the medium-pressure cylinder 2 of the turbine, the main low-pressure cylinder 4 of the turbine and the main generator 5 are coaxially arranged to form a main set shafting, and the main generator 5 is connected with the main transformer 7 through the main enclosed busbar 6; the auxiliary engine set is composed of an auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of a middle low pressure cylinder, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of a steam turbine, an auxiliary generator 11, an auxiliary enclosed bus 12 and a breaker 13, wherein the auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of the middle low pressure cylinder is arranged between the middle low pressure cylinder 2 of the steam turbine and the auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is arranged on the auxiliary steam guide pipe 8 of the middle low pressure cylinder, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine and the auxiliary generator 11 are coaxially arranged and are independent of a main engine set shafting, the auxiliary generator 11 is connected with the main transformer 7 through the auxiliary enclosed bus 12, and the breaker 13 is arranged on the auxiliary enclosed bus 12; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
If the power generation load of the turbo generator set is greater than or equal to 50% of the rated load, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is completely opened, the circuit breaker 13 is closed, and the main unit and the auxiliary unit are in an on-line power generation state;
if the power grid scheduling requires that the power generation load of the turbo generator set is reduced to 50% rated load and below and continuously runs for more than 8 hours, gradually reducing the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 to the minimum opening degree when the load of the turbo generator set is reduced to 50% rated load, then rapidly closing, simultaneously opening the circuit breaker 13 to gradually reduce the rotating speed of the auxiliary unit, and turning to stop, wherein the main unit is kept in an on-line power generation state; the auxiliary engine set exits from the power generation operation mode, so that the deviation of the exhaust volume flow of the main low-pressure cylinder 4 of the steam turbine relative to the rated working condition is small, the heat consumption rate of the steam turbine generator set and the cylinder efficiency of the main low-pressure cylinder can be kept at a good level, the problems of the vibration and the dynamic stress increase of the blades of the main low-pressure cylinder, the rise of the exhaust temperature and the water erosion of the blade root are effectively restrained;
If the power generation load of the turbo generator set gradually rises from a lower level to 50% of rated load, and the power grid scheduling requires that the turbo generator set continuously operates above 50% of rated load; according to the time length required by steam inlet flushing, warming and grid-connected power generation of the auxiliary unit, the auxiliary unit should start turning in advance; if the auxiliary machine set is stopped for more than 72 hours, the auxiliary machine set starts to enter steam to perform flushing rotation about 2-6 hours before planned grid connection; if the shutdown time of the auxiliary machine set is not more than 72 hours, the auxiliary machine set starts to enter steam to perform flushing about 0.3-2 hours before planned grid connection; when the steam inlet is turned, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is slightly opened, so that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine is turned to about 500 revolutions per minute, after the normal operation of the steam turbine is confirmed, the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is gradually increased, the steam inlet quantity of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine is gradually increased, the speed of rotation speed increase is controlled according to the heating requirement of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder 10 of the steam turbine until the rotation speed reaches 3000 revolutions per minute, when the rotation speed is stable, the circuit breaker 13 is closed, the auxiliary machine set completes grid-connected power generation, then the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve 9 is continuously increased until the auxiliary machine set is fully opened, the auxiliary machine set enters a normal power generation state, and meanwhile, the power generation load of the steam turbine generator set can be continuously increased according to the power grid dispatching requirement.
The invention takes a rated load value of 50% of the turbo generator set as a standard for judging whether the switching auxiliary unit is economical and reasonable; in actual operation, the repeated switching of the auxiliary unit at high frequency caused by small amplitude frequent fluctuation of about +/-5% of the power generation load scheduled by the power grid is avoided as much as possible; therefore, the working point of the auxiliary unit for completing switching can be flexibly selected between 40% and 60% of rated load of the steam turbine generator unit.
Claims (2)
1. A method for operating a turbo generator set system efficiently in a wide load interval comprises the steps of forming a main set by a turbine high-pressure cylinder (1), a turbine medium-pressure cylinder (2), a medium-low pressure cylinder main gas guide pipe (3), a turbine main low-pressure cylinder (4), a main generator (5), a main enclosed bus (6) and a main transformer (7), arranging the medium-low pressure cylinder main gas guide pipe (3) between the turbine medium-pressure cylinder (2) and the turbine main low-pressure cylinder (4), coaxially arranging the turbine high-pressure cylinder (1), the turbine medium-pressure cylinder (2) and the turbine main low-pressure cylinder (4) with the main generator (5), forming a main set shafting, and connecting the main generator (5) with the main transformer (7) through the main enclosed bus (6);
the auxiliary engine set is composed of an auxiliary steam guide pipe (8) of a middle-low pressure cylinder, an auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9), an auxiliary low pressure cylinder (10) of a steam turbine, an auxiliary generator (11), an auxiliary closed bus (12) and a breaker (13), wherein the auxiliary steam guide pipe (8) of the middle-low pressure cylinder is arranged between the middle-low pressure cylinder (2) of the steam turbine and the auxiliary low pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) is arranged on the auxiliary steam guide pipe (8) of the middle-low pressure cylinder, the auxiliary low pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine and the auxiliary generator (11) are coaxially arranged and are independently arranged outside a main engine set shafting, the auxiliary generator (11) is connected with the main transformer (7) through the auxiliary closed bus (12), and the breaker (13) is arranged on the auxiliary closed bus (12); the operation is characterized in that:
when the power generation load of the turbo generator set is greater than or equal to 50% of the rated load of the turbo generator set, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) is fully opened, the circuit breaker (13) is closed, and the main unit and the auxiliary unit are in an on-line power generation state;
When the power generation load of the turbo generator set is reduced to less than 50% of the rated load of the turbo generator set,
If the turbo generator set needs to be lifted to 50% or more of rated load of the turbo generator set within 8 hours, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) is regulated to the minimum opening degree, the circuit breaker (13) is disconnected, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) and the auxiliary generator (11) of the steam turbine are maintained at the minimum rotating speed for hot standby, the main unit is in a power generation working state, and the auxiliary unit is in a hot standby state;
If the steam turbine generator unit continuously runs below 50% of rated load of the steam turbine generator unit, a steam inlet regulating valve (9) of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder is closed, a circuit breaker (13) is opened, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) and the auxiliary generator (11) of the steam turbine are turned into off-line states, the main unit is in a power generation working state, and the auxiliary unit is out of the power generation working state;
When the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine is in a shutdown state, if the power generation load of the steam turbine generator unit needs to rise to 50% or more of the rated load of the steam turbine generator unit for continuous operation, the auxiliary unit starts turning in advance according to the time length required by the steam inlet flushing, the warming-up and the grid-connected power generation of the auxiliary unit,
If the shutdown of the auxiliary machine set exceeds 72 hours, starting steam inlet flushing rotation 2-6 hours before planned grid connection, and when the steam inlet flushing rotation, slightly opening an auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) to ensure that the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine is flushed to 500 revolutions per minute, after confirming that the operation of the steam turbine is normal, gradually increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9), gradually increasing the steam inlet quantity of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine until the rotating speed reaches 3000 revolutions per minute, closing a circuit breaker (13), enabling the auxiliary machine set to finish grid connection power generation, continuously increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) until the auxiliary machine set is fully opened, and enabling the auxiliary machine set to enter a normal power generation operation state;
If the shutdown time of the auxiliary machine set does not exceed 72 hours, starting steam inlet flushing rotation 0.3-2 hours before grid connection, when the steam inlet flushing rotation, slightly opening an auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) to enable the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine to flush to 500 revolutions per minute, gradually increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) after confirming that the steam turbine runs normally, gradually increasing the steam inlet of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine until the rotating speed reaches 3000 revolutions per minute, closing a circuit breaker (13) after the rotating speed is stable, enabling the auxiliary machine set to finish grid connection power generation, continuously increasing the opening of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder steam inlet regulating valve (9) until the auxiliary machine set is fully opened, and enabling the auxiliary machine set to enter a normal power generation running state.
2. The method of operating a turbo generator set system operating efficiently over a wide load range of claim 1, wherein:
When the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine is in a hot standby state, if the power generation load of the steam turbine generator unit needs to rise to 50% or more of the rated load of the steam turbine generator unit to continuously run, the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve (9) of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder is increased, the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder (10) of the steam turbine is gradually increased to 3000 revolutions per minute, after the rotating speed is stable, the circuit breaker (13) is closed, the auxiliary unit is switched from the hot standby state to a grid-connected power generation running state, then the opening of the steam inlet regulating valve (9) of the auxiliary low-pressure cylinder is continuously increased until the auxiliary unit is fully opened, and the auxiliary unit is switched into a normal power generation state.
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| WO2019011326A1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-17 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Steam turbine quick start warming system, pre-warming system and warming method therefor |
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| CN112610293A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Wide-load peak regulation system of straight condensing unit and operation method |
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