CN115037068A

CN115037068A - Flat wire stator and motor

Info

Publication number: CN115037068A
Application number: CN202210680695.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李周清; 纪晓俊; 张少辉
Original assignee: Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-15
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-15
Also published as: WO2023241554A1; CN115037068B

Abstract

The application provides a flat wire stator and a motor. The flat wire stator comprises a stator core and a flat wire winding assembled on the stator core. The stator core comprises a plurality of stator slots, each stator slot is provided with 2M slot layers, the 2M slot layers are arranged along the radial direction of the stator core, the slot layer farthest away from the axis of the stator core is the outermost slot layer, and M is a positive integer. The flat wire winding comprises m-phase windings, each phase winding comprises an incoming wire end and an outgoing wire end, the incoming wire ends and the outgoing wire ends of the m-phase windings are distributed in a concentrated mode in the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the overline mode of at least one phase winding is as follows: layer crossovers are present at the outermost slot layer at a pitch y1, with each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer being folded back at a pitch y2 and layer crossovers being present at the innermost slot layer at a pitch y 3. The motor includes a flat wire stator. The scheme can improve the compactness of the motor structure and realize miniaturization.

Description

Flat wire stator and motor

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a flat wire stator and a motor.

Background

At present, in the field of new energy automobiles, stators with flat wire windings have become a development trend and have obvious advantages, for example, the slot fullness rate of the flat wire windings reaches more than 70%, and the motor efficiency can be improved; for another example, the inter-turn contact area of the flat wire conductor arranged in the stator slot is small, the inter-turn or inter-phase insulation failure probability is low, and the service voltage range of the motor can be obviously improved. For example, the flat wire conductor can directly transfer heat to the iron core or other cooling media, and the heat dissipation capacity is high.

However, the existing flat wire motor still has some defects. For example, the branches of the phase outgoing line are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the stator core, and are connected with the winding branches through the bus bar, which increases the overall size of the bus bar, thereby causing the axial size of the winding end of the stator to be significantly increased, which is not favorable for the size miniaturization of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a flat wire stator and motor of modified is favorable to realizing the miniaturization of motor.

A flat wire stator comprising:

the stator core comprises a plurality of stator slots, each stator slot is provided with 2M slot layers, M is a positive integer, the 2M slot layers are arranged along the radial direction of the stator core, the slot layer farthest away from the axis of the stator core is the outermost slot layer, and the slot layer closest to the axis of the stator core is the innermost slot layer; and

the flat wire winding is assembled on the stator core and comprises m-phase windings, each phase winding comprises an incoming wire end and an outgoing wire end, the incoming wire ends and the outgoing wire ends of the m-phase windings are distributed in a circumferential concentrated mode on the stator core, and the winding mode of at least one phase winding is as follows: layer crossovers are present at the outermost slot layer at a pitch y1, with each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer being folded back at a pitch y2 and layer crossovers being present at the innermost slot layer at a pitch y 3.

Optionally, the wires in the phase winding that are wound around the respective slot layers between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer change slot layer by one layer for every pitch y 2.

Optionally, the phase winding is folded back over the crossover in the plurality of groups of stator slots with the pitch y2, and the phase winding crosses from the outermost slot layer of the starting stator slot to the innermost slot layer through each slot layer in the middle, and then crosses from the innermost slot layer to the outermost slot layer through each slot layer in the middle until crossing to the ending stator slot.

Optionally, the wire inlet end of the phase winding is arranged on the outermost slot layer, the number of stator slots different from the wire outlet end of the phase winding is smaller than the pitch y1, and the wire outlet end of the phase winding is arranged on one slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer.

Optionally, a continuous region with the number of cross slots of y1+ y2+ y3 is set as a starting crossover region of the phase winding, the phase winding crosses over at the outermost slot layer at the same layer with a pitch of y1 in a region with the number of cross slots of y1, turns back a crossover at each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer at a pitch of y2 in a region with the number of cross slots of y2, crosses over at the same layer with the innermost slot layer at a pitch of y3 in a region with the number of cross slots of y3, and both an incoming end and an outgoing end of the phase winding are located in a region with the number of cross slots of y 1.

Optionally, the plurality of turn-back portions of the phase winding are respectively disposed in a plurality of groups of two adjacent stator slots, and in any group of two adjacent stator slots, the plurality of turn-back portions of the phase winding are disposed in different slot layers of the two adjacent stator slots.

Optionally, in at least one group of two adjacent stator slots, the two adjacent stator slots are a first stator slot and a second stator slot respectively, each turn-back portion of a turn-back winding segment on one side of the first stator slot, which is away from the second stator slot, in the phase winding is arranged on a different slot layer of the second stator slot and is separated from the two slot layers, and each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding segment on one side of the second stator slot, which is away from the first stator slot, is arranged on a different slot layer of the first stator slot and is separated from the two slot layers.

Optionally, in two adjacent stator slots in at least one group, the two adjacent stator slots are respectively a third stator slot and a fourth stator slot, and in the two adjacent stator slots in at least one group, the two adjacent stator slots are respectively a third stator slot and a fourth stator slot, each turning-back portion of the turning-back winding segment located on one side of the third stator slot, which is away from the fourth stator slot, is located in a different slot layer of the third stator slot and is separated from the two slot layers, and each turning-back portion of the turning-back winding segment located on one side of the fourth stator slot, which is away from the third stator slot, is located in a different slot layer of the fourth stator slot and is separated from the two slot layers.

Alternatively, pitch y1 > pitch y2 > pitch y 3.

Optionally, the flat wire includes a three-phase winding, the three-phase winding has the same crossover mode, two stator slots are spaced between two adjacent three incoming terminals of the three-phase winding, and two stator slots are spaced between two adjacent three outgoing terminals of the three-phase winding.

Optionally, each phase winding includes two parallel branches, and the start end of each branch is arranged in two adjacent stator slots, where m is the number of motor phases, q is the number of each phase slot of each pole, q is 2, and Z is the number of stator slots: z is 2mpq, P is the pole pair number, k is 2P-2; n is the number of slot layers, X represents the X-th slot in the stator slots 11, X represents the Y-th slot in the stator slots 11, [ X ]] _N -1 represents the N-1 th layer of the X-th groove, [ Y ]] _N -1 represents the N-1 th layer of the Y-th groove, X is any groove, and when X is selected, Y is X +2mq + 1;

at least one phase winding is arranged in the stator slot in a winding mode as follows:

the winding mode of the first branch circuit is as follows:

[X+(mq+1)] ₁ ---[X] ₁ ---[X-mq] ₂ ---[X] ₃ ---[X-mq] ₄ ---......[X] _N-1 ---[X-mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq] _N ---[X+1-mq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq] ₁ ---

[X-2mq] ₁ ---[X-mq-2mq] ₂ ---[X-2mq] ₃ ---[X-mq-2mq] ₄ ---......[X-2mq] _N-1 ---[X-mq-2mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-2mq] _N ---[X+1-mq-2mq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq-2mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq-2mq] ₁ ---

[X-4mq] ₁ ---[X-mq-4mq] ₂ ---[X-4mq] ₃ ---[X-mq-4mq] ₄ ---......[X-4mq] _N-1 ---[X-mq-4mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-4mq] _N ---[X+1-mq-4mq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq-4mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq-4mq] ₁ ---

......

[X-kmq] ₁ ---[X-mq-kmq] ₂ ---[X-kmq] ₃ ---[X-mq-kmq] ₄ ---......[X-kmq] _N-1 ---[X-mq-kmq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-kmq] _N ---[X+1-mq-kmq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq-kmq] ₂ ；

the winding mode of the second branch circuit is as follows:

[Y-(mq+1)] ₁ ---[Y] ₁ ---[Y-mq] ₂ ---[Y] ₃ ---[Y-mq] ₄ ---......[Y] _N-1 ---[Y-mq] _N ---

[Y-1] _N ---[Y-1+mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq] ₁ ---

[Y+2mq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+2mq] ₂ ---[Y+2mq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+2mq] ₄ ---......[Y+2mq] _N-1 ---[Y-mq+2mq] _N ---

[Y-1+2mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+2mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] ₁ ---

[Y+4mq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+4mq] ₂ ---[Y+4mq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+4mq] ₄ ---......[Y+4mq] _N-1 ---[Y-mq+4mq] _N ---

[Y-1+4mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+4mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] ₁ ---

......

[Y+kmq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+kmq] ₂ ---[Y+kmq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+kmq] ₄ ---......[Y+kmq] _N-1 ---[Y-mq+kmq] _N ---

[Y-1+kmq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+kmq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+kmq] ₂ 。

optionally, the number z of the stator slots is 48, the number p of the pole pairs is 4, the number M of the windings is 3, the parallel branch of each phase winding is 2, 2M is 6, the pitch y1 is 7, the pitch y2 is 6, the pitch y3 is 5, the three-phase windings are uniformly arranged, and the cross-line mode of the first branch of one phase winding is as follows:

24(1)→17(1)→11(2)→17(3)→11(4)→17(5)→11(6)→6(6)→12(5)→6(4)→12(3)→6(2)→12(1)→5(1)→47(2)→5(3)→47(4)→5(5)→47(6)→42(6)→48(5)→42(4)→48(3)→42(2)→48(1)→41(1)→35(2)→41(3)→35(4)→41(5)→35(6)→30(6)→36(5)→30(4)→36(3)→30(2)→36(1)→29(1)→23(2)→29(3)→23(4)→29(5)→23(6)→18(6)→24(5)→18(4)→24(3)→18(2)；

the winding mode of the second branch of the phase winding is as follows:

23(1)→30(1)→24(2)→30(3)→24(4)→30(5)→24(6)→29(6)→35(5)→29(4)→35(3)→29(2)→35(1)→42(1)→36(2)→42(3)→36(4)→42(5)→36(6)→41(6)→47(5)→41(4)→47(3)→41(2)→47(1)→6(1)→48(2)→6(3)→48(4)→6(5)→48(6)→5(6)→11(5)→5(4)→11(3)→5(2)→11(1)→18(1)→12(2)→18(3)→12(4)→18(5)→12(6)→17(6)→23(5)→17(4)→23(3)→17(2)。

an electric machine comprising:

a rotor; and

the flat wire stator according to any one of the above claims, wherein the rotor is provided coaxially with the flat wire stator.

The technical scheme provided by the application can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

the application provides a flat wire electron and motor, wherein, each inlet wire end and each outlet wire end of m looks winding are in stator core's circumference is concentrated and is distributed. When setting up the looks extraction line, need not to set up the bus bar that the structure size is great and integrated with a plurality of phase lines extraction connecting piece, but adopt simple structure's binding post can, on the one hand can reduce cost, on the other hand can practice thrift the space, shortens the axial or radial size of flat line stator to can promote motor compactness and realize the miniaturization. And each slot layer of the phase winding between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer is folded back and crossed with a pitch y2, so that the positions of the wire inlet end and the wire outlet end of the phase winding can be relatively concentrated, and the phase winding can be more uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flat wire stator shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an axial view of the stator core shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the flat wire stator shown in fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial view of the flat wire stator shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of one of the phase windings of the flat wire winding;

FIG. 6 is an expanded view of one of the phase windings of the flat wire winding;

FIG. 7 is an expanded view of a three-phase winding of a flat wire winding;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views of two U-shaped conductors of a flat wire winding;

fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the motor.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. As used in this application, the terms "first," "second," and the like do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Similarly, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one, and if only "a" or "an" is denoted individually. "plurality" or "a number" means two or more. Unless otherwise specified, "front", "back", "lower" and/or "upper", "top", "bottom", and the like are for ease of description only and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed after "comprises" or "comprising" is inclusive of the element or item listed after "comprising" or "comprises", and the equivalent thereof, and does not exclude additional elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a flat wire stator 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is an axial view of the stator core 1 of the flat-wire stator 100 shown in fig. 1.

The flat wire stator 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a stator core 1 and a flat wire winding 2 assembled to the stator core 1. Stator core 1 is hollow cylindric structure, and stator core 1 includes a plurality of stator slots 11, and a plurality of stator slots 11 surround stator core 1 axis and distribute at stator core 1's internal surface, along stator core 1's radial extension. The flat wire winding 2 is formed by winding a flat wire conductor in the stator slot 11, and the flat wire conductor is adopted, so that the slot fullness rate of the flat wire winding 2 can reach more than 70%, and the motor efficiency is favorably improved. The cross section of the flat wire conductor may be a rectangular, trapezoidal, or other flat section, but is not limited thereto.

The flat wire winding 2 includes a multi-phase winding, and for a branch of any one of the phase windings in the flat wire winding 2, the flat wire conductor may be a conductor of an integrated structure, or may be a conductor formed by welding a plurality of flat wire conductor segments. Wherein the flat wire conductor segments include, but are not limited to, U-shaped conductor segments.

The flat wire winding 2 extends out from two axial ends of the stator core 1, wherein one end is a hairpin end 22, the other end is a welding end 23, and a phase lead-out wire can be led out from the hairpin end 22 or the welding end 23. In this example, the latter is employed. The portion of the flat wire winding 2 between the hairpin end 22 and the weld end 23 is wound in the stator slot 11.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the flat wire stator 100 is an outer stator, and the hollow cavity 12 in the stator core 1 can be used for accommodating a rotor, i.e., the flat wire stator 100 can be wound around the outside of the rotor and arranged coaxially with the rotor. In other embodiments, the flat wire stator 100 may be provided as an inner stator, i.e., the flat wire stator 100 is surrounded by a rotor, which are coaxially disposed, in which case the stator slots 11 are disposed on the outer surface of the stator core 1.

The number Z of stator slots 11 may be determined by the number m of phases of the rectangular wire winding 2, the number q of slots per pole per phase, and the number p of pole pairs, where Z is 2 mpq.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the flat-wire stator 100 shown in fig. 1.

Each stator slot 11 is provided with 2M (M is a positive integer, M can be 1, 2, 3, 4. the.) slot layers, the number of slot layers in each stator slot 11 is the same, the 2M slot layers are arranged along the radial direction of the stator core 1, the slot layer farthest from the axis O of the stator core 1 is the outermost slot layer, and the slot layer closest to the axis O of the stator core 1 is the innermost slot layer. For convenience of subsequent description, the number of the groove layers from the outermost groove layer to the innermost groove layer is numbered as 1 st layer, 2 nd layer, 3 rd layer, 4 th layer, 5 th layer, 6 th layer, ·, 2M layer, and even number. Each slot layer of each stator slot 11 is wound with a flat wire conductor, that is, the number of slot layers in each stator slot 11 is equal to the number of flat wire conductors wound in the stator slot 11, and the windings in the slot layers in the same stator slot 11 are in-phase windings. In this embodiment, each of the stator slots 11 is provided with 6 slot layers, but is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the flat wire stator 100 shown in fig. 2.

The flat wire winding 2 comprises m-phase windings, wherein m can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. cndot. each phase winding comprises a wire inlet end 24 and a wire outlet end 25, wherein the wire inlet end 24 is a winding anode, and the wire outlet end 25 is a winding cathode. In the present application, the wire inlet ends 24 and the wire outlet ends 25 of the m-phase windings are distributed in a concentrated manner in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1. That is, the respective inlet ends 24 and the respective outlet ends 25 of the m-phase windings are collectively provided at local positions in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1, rather than being dispersedly provided over the entire circumference of the stator core 1. So set up, when setting up the looks extraction line, need not to set up the great and integrated busbar that has a plurality of phase lines extraction connecting piece of structural dimension, but adopt simple structure and the little binding post of size can, on the one hand can reduce cost, on the other hand can practice thrift the space, shortens flat wire stator 100 axial and radial size to can promote the compactness of motor and realize the miniaturization.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the flat wire winding 2 comprises a three-phase winding, which is star-connected. The inlet and outlet ends 24 and 25 of the three-phase winding are collectively disposed within the circumferential length of the circumference of 1/4. Three incoming line ends 24 of the three-phase winding adopt three first terminals 3 with basically the same or similar structures as three-phase outgoing lines, the outgoing line ends 25 of the three-phase winding are all connected with the second terminal 4, and the second terminal 4 is used as a star point outgoing line. The first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4 are simpler and more compact than the bus bar structure, and occupy a small space.

Taking the U-phase winding of the flat wire winding 2 in fig. 4 as an example, each of the wire inlet ends 24 of the U-phase winding is in contact with the first terminal 3 of the integrated structure and is fixed by welding, so that the connection efficiency and the connection reliability can be improved. The contact between the wire inlet end 24 and the first terminal 3 means that one side surface of the wire inlet end 24 is attached to and in contact with one side surface of the first terminal 3, so as to increase the contact area between the wire inlet end 24 and the first terminal 3 and improve the reliability of soldering. For example, the surface of the side of the line end 24 facing the first terminal 3 and the surface of the side of the first terminal 3 facing the line end 24 are in abutting contact and are connected together by welding. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first terminal 3 connected to each of the line ends 24 of the U-phase winding is located on the outermost side in the radial direction of the stator core 1 and is provided at one end where the weld end 23 is located.

In one embodiment, the second terminal 4 is disposed at the welding end 23 and located at a side of the welding end 23 away from the stator core 1, as shown in fig. 4, the second terminal 4 is disposed at an upper side of the welding end 23 in the axial direction, and a gap is left between the second terminal 4 and the welding end 23 and the flat wire winding 2 in the axial direction. The second terminal 4 may include a plurality of antennae 41 in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of outlet terminals 25 such that each antenna 41 is connected to a respective outlet terminal 25 of a respective phase winding in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, when the motor is a 3-phase motor and each phase winding includes two parallel branches, the flat wire winding 2 has 6 outlet terminals 25, and the second terminal 4 for the flat wire stator 100 has 6 antennae. In this connection, the second terminal 4 may also be referred to as a neutral terminal. The outlet end 25 of each phase winding of the flat wire winding 2 can be contacted with the second terminal 4 of the integrated structure and welded and fixed. Thereby, connection efficiency and connection reliability can be improved. Here, the contact of the lead terminal 25 with the second terminal 4 means that one side surface of the lead terminal 25 is attached to and in contact with one side surface of the second terminal 4, so as to increase the contact area between each lead terminal 25 and the second terminal 4, thereby improving the reliability of soldering. For example, the surface of each lead-out terminal 25 on the side facing the second terminal 4 and the surface of the second terminal 4 on the side facing each lead-out terminal 25 are bonded and contacted together by welding.

When each phase of winding comprises a plurality of outlet ends 25, the plurality of outlet ends 25 in each phase may be individually connected with the second terminal 4, or the plurality of outlet ends 25 in each phase may be combined and connected to the second terminal 4, and the plurality of outlet ends 25 in each phase of winding may be welded directly or combined and welded by a connecting bar. As shown in fig. 4, the plurality of outlet terminals 25 in each phase winding extend vertically upward, and the plurality of outlet terminals 25 in each phase winding are directly connected to the second terminal 4. The second terminal 4 includes a bus bar portion 42 and a plurality of antennas 41 led out from the bus bar portion 42, wherein the area of the cross section of the bus bar portion 42 is larger than the area of the cross section of each antenna 41. The second terminal 4 may be disposed radially outside the end of the flat wire winding 2, or may be disposed axially above the end of the flat wire winding 2, with a gap reserved between the second terminal and the flat wire winding 2.

In one embodiment, the first terminal 3 has a rectangular cross-section and the second terminal 4 has a rectangular cross-section, but is not limited thereto. The first terminal 3, the second terminal 4 and the flat wire conductor may be made of the same material, such as copper wire, but not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of one phase winding of the flat wire winding 2.

The flat wire winding 2 includes m-phase windings, the m-phase windings may include a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, a W-phase winding, and the like, and at least one phase of the m-phase windings may be any one of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding, or may be any two of the phases, or may be all the phases. The present application describes the winding method by taking a U-phase winding as an example, and other phase windings such as a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding may be wound in the same manner.

The winding mode of the U-phase winding is as follows: layer crossovers are present at the outermost slot layer at a pitch y1, with each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer being folded back at a pitch y2 and layer crossovers being present at the innermost slot layer at a pitch y 3. That is to say, the U-phase winding is wound in an overlapping manner in each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer, so that on one hand, the positions of the inlet end 24 and the outlet end 25 of the U-phase winding can be relatively concentrated, and on the other hand, the U-phase winding can be distributed more uniformly in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1.

The winding method of the U-phase winding will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 5. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the stator core 1 is provided with 48 stator slots 11, numbered 1, 2, 3, 48, respectively. The U-phase winding crosses the layers at the outermost slot layer at a pitch y1, for example: from layer 1 interline for 24 slots to layer 1 for 17 slots, from layer 1 interline for 12 slots to layer 1 for 5 slots, from layer 1 interline for 29 slots to layer 1 for 36 slots, and from layer 1 interline for 41 slots to layer 1 for 48 slots. The U-phase winding is folded or meandered across the wire at a pitch y2 between the outermost and innermost slot layers, for example: the wires are folded or routed between the 11-slot 2 nd layer and the 17 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 6-slot 2 nd layer and the 12-slot 5 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 24-slot 2 nd layer and the 18-slot 5 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 23-slot 2 nd layer and the 29-slot 5 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 30-slot 2 nd layer and the 36-slot 5 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 35-slot 2 nd layer and the 41-slot 5 th layer, the wires are folded or routed between the 42-slot 2 nd layer and the 48-slot 5 th layer, and the wires are folded or routed between the 47-slot 2 nd layer and the 5 th layer. The U-phase winding crosses the layers at the innermost slot layer at a pitch y3, for example: from layer 6 crossovers of 11 slots to layer 6 of 6 slots, from layer 6 crossovers of 28 slots to layer 6 of 13 slots, from layer 6 crossovers of 30 slots to layer 6 of 35 slots, from layer 6 crossovers of 42 slots to layer 6 of 47 slots. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the stator slots where the U-phase winding starts are 24 slots, but the U-phase winding is not limited thereto, and any number of stator slots 11 may be provided as the starting slots.

In one embodiment, the flat wire conductors that wrap around each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer change slot layer by one layer for every pitch y 2. Therefore, the flat wire conductor can be arranged clearly and smoothly, and the winding difficulty is reduced. As shown in fig. 5, the flat conductor crosses from the 2 nd layer of 11 slots to the 3 rd layer of 17 slots with a pitch y2, then crosses from the 3 rd layer of 17 slots to the 4 th layer of 11 slots with a pitch y2, and then crosses from the 4 th layer of 11 slots to the 5 th layer of 17 slots with a pitch y2, so that the slot layers change by one layer every time one pitch y2 is crossed, so that the routing is clearer and smoother.

In one embodiment, the U-phase winding is routed back across the groups of stator slots 11 at a pitch y2, and the U-phase winding is arranged to run from the outermost slot layer of the starting stator slots 11, through each of the middle slot layers, to the innermost slot layer, and then from the innermost slot layer, through each of the middle slot layers, to the outermost slot layer, and on to the ending stator slots 11. That is to say, U phase winding is roughly with "Z" shape overline, winds to outermost layer by outmost in proper order, winds to outmost by innermost layer again in proper order, and the completion is up to the overline, so make U phase winding can wind and establish a plurality of regions on stator core 1 circumference, the overline mode is simple, swift, and the winding structure is more even.

In one embodiment, the wire inlet end 24 of the U-phase winding is arranged at the outermost slot layer, the wire outlet end 25 of the U-phase winding is arranged at one slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer, the wire inlet end 24 is connected with the first terminal 3, and the wire outlet end 25 is connected with the second terminal 4. As shown in fig. 5, the inlet end 24 of the U-phase winding is provided at the 1 st layer of 24 slots, and the outlet end 25 is provided at the 2 nd layer of 18 slots. In this way, the first terminal 3 can be disposed at the radial outer side of the stator core 1 and directly faces the 18 slots, so that the connection between the incoming line end 22 and the first terminal 3 is facilitated, and therefore, the size of the first terminal 3 can be reduced and the first terminal 3 and the second terminal 4 are staggered in the radial direction.

The difference between the inlet end 24 and the outlet end 25 of the U-phase winding is smaller than the pitch y 1. For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the inlet end 24 of the U-phase winding is provided in 24 slots, the outlet end 25 is provided in 18 slots, the phase difference is 6 stator slots 11, and the pitch y1 is set to 7, which makes the number of slots spaced between the outlet end 25 and the inlet end 24 of the U-phase winding small, the circumferential spacing small, and the outlet end 25 and the inlet end 24 of the U-phase winding are closer to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1, so that the positions where the inlet end 24 and the outlet end 25 are provided are more concentrated. In this embodiment, the number of stator slots of the U-phase winding that differ from the number of stator slots of the U-phase winding between the inlet end 24 and the outlet end 25 is equal to the pitch y 2.

With continued reference to fig. 5, in one embodiment, a continuous region with a slot crossing number y1+ y2+ y3 is set as a starting crossover region of the U-phase winding, the U-phase winding crosses over the outermost slot layer at a pitch y1 in a region with a slot crossing number y1, the U-phase winding turns back a crossover at each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer at a pitch y2 in a region with a slot crossing number y2, the U-phase winding crosses over the innermost slot layer at a pitch y3 in a region with a slot crossing number y3, and both the incoming end 24 and the outgoing end 25 of the U-phase winding are located in a region with a slot crossing number y 1. With this arrangement, the U-phase winding may be sequentially wound in the same direction, for example, clockwise or counterclockwise, in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1, for example, the U-phase winding is wound from 24 slots, spans 7 slots to the left, spans 6 slots to the left, and spans 5 slots to the left after the crossover is folded back between 11 slots and 17. That is, in the initial crossover region, the U-phase windings are all crossed to the left, so that the U-phase windings can be crossed in the same cross-slot direction in multiple regions of the stator core 1 until the U-phase windings are wound to 18 slots and terminated, the initial stator slots and the terminated stator slots of the U-phase windings are close to and located in a region where the number of the cross-slots is y1, and the small circumferential distance and the concentrated position of the inlet end 24 and the outlet end 25 of the U-phase windings are achieved. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the U-phase winding crosses the slot in the same direction, and is uniformly wound in eight regions: 11 slots to 17 slots, 6 slots to 12 slots, 5 slots to 48 slots, 42 slots to 47 slots, 35 slots to 41 slots, 30 slots to 36 slots, 23 slots to 29 slots, and 18 slots to 24 slots.

In one embodiment, the U-phase winding forms a plurality of turn-back portions due to the turn-back flying leads, the turn-back portions are respectively disposed in the two adjacent stator slots 11 in the plurality of groups, and the turn-back portions of the U-phase winding are disposed in different slot layers of the two adjacent stator slots 11 in any one group, so that the parallel flying leads of a plurality of regions in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 can be realized. As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of turn-back portions of the U-phase winding are provided at 5 slots and 6 slots, 11 slots and 12 slots, 17 slots and 18 slots, 23 slots and 24 slots, 29 slots and 30 slots, 35 slots and 36 slots, and 29 slots and 30 slots, respectively. Taking one group of adjacent stator slots 11 as an example, for example, 5 slots and 6 slots, the turn-back portions of the U-phase winding located in the 5 slots are arranged on the 1 st layer, the 3 rd layer and the 5 th layer, and the turn-back portions of the U-phase winding located in the 6 slots are arranged on the 2 nd layer, the 4 th layer and the 6 th layer.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in two adjacent stator slots 11 in at least one group, two adjacent stator slots 11 are a first stator slot 11a and a second stator slot 11B, each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding section a of the U-phase winding on the side of the first stator slot 11a away from the second stator slot 11B is disposed on a different slot layer of the second stator slot 11B, each turn-back portion is separated from two slot layers, each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding section B of the second stator slot 11B away from the first stator slot 11a is disposed on a different slot layer of the first stator slot 11a, and each turn-back portion is separated from two slot layers. Taking 35 grooves and 36 grooves as examples, the turn-back parts of the turn-back winding section A are respectively arranged on the 1 st layer, the 3 rd layer and the 5 th layer of the 36 grooves, and the turn-back parts of the turn-back winding section B are respectively arranged on the 2 nd layer, the 4 th layer and the 6 th layer of the 35 grooves. The respective turn portions of the U-phase winding in 11 slots and 12 slots, 23 slots and 24 slots, and 47 slots and 48 slots are arranged in the same manner as the respective turn portions in 35 slots and 36 slots.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in two adjacent stator slots 11 in at least one group, two adjacent stator slots 11 are respectively a third stator slot 11b and a fourth stator slot 11C, each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding section C on the side of the third stator slot 11b away from the fourth stator slot is arranged on a different slot layer of the third stator slot 11b, each turn-back portion is separated from two slot layers, each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding section D on the side of the fourth stator slot away from the third stator slot is arranged on a different slot layer of the fourth stator slot, and each turn-back portion is separated from two slot layers. For example, taking 17-slot and 18-slot as an example, the turn-back portions of the turn-back winding segment C are provided on the 3 rd layer and the 5 th layer of the 17-slot, respectively, and the turn-back portions of the turn-back winding segment D are provided on the 4 th layer and the 6 th layer of the 18-slot, respectively. Among them, the folded portions in the 5 th and 6 th grooves, the 29 th and 30 th grooves, and the 41 th and 42 th grooves are arranged in the same manner as the folded portions in the 17 th and 18 th grooves.

In some embodiments, the pitch y1, the pitch y2, and the pitch y3 may all be the same or different. In the present embodiment, the pitch y1 > the pitch y2 > the pitch y 3. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, pitch y1 is 7, pitch y2 is 6, and pitch y3 is 5. Thus, the requirement of the position of the concentrated distribution of the inlet end 23 and the outlet end 24 can be satisfied.

In one embodiment, the flat wire winding 2 comprises m-phase windings, and each phase winding comprises two parallel branches, the starting end of each branch being disposed in two adjacent stator slots 11. Wherein m is the number of motor phases, q is the number of slots of each phase of each pole, q is 2, Z is the number of stator slots, Z is 2mpq, P is the number of pole pairs, and k is 2P-2; n is the number of layers of the flat wire conductor in each groove.

Taking a U-phase winding as an example, the U-phase winding is arranged in the stator slot 11 in a winding manner, wherein X is the X-th slot in the stator slot 11, X is the Y-th slot in the stator slot 11, [ X [ ]] _N -1 is the N-1 layer of the Xth groove, [ Y ]] _N -1 is the nth-1 layer of the yth groove, X is any groove, when X is selected, Y is X +2mq +1, where:

the winding mode of the first branch circuit is as follows:

[X+1-2mq] _N ---[X+1-mq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq] ₁ ---

......

[X+1-2mq-kmq] _N ---[X+1-mq-kmq] _N-1 ...[X+1-2mq-kmq] ₂ ；

the winding mode of the second branch circuit is as follows:

[Y-1] _N ---[Y-1+mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq] ₁ ---

[Y-1+2mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+2mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] ₁ ---

[Y-1+4mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+4mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] ₁ ---

......

[Y-1+kmq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+kmq] _N-1 ...[Y-1+kmq] ₂ 。

therefore, the same-layer overline can be realized on the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer of the stator slot, and the turn-back overline can be realized on the middle slot layer of the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer. In one embodiment, X is 17 slots and Y is 30 slots, but not limited thereto.

In the above formula, [ X-4mq ]] ₁ For example, if [ X-4mq]A negative value indicates that the slot is a slot to the left of the 48 th slot, and the number from the 48 th slot to the left is [ X-4mq]The slot is the slot. For example, when X takes 17 slots and mq is 6, [ X-4mq [ ]]And-6, the slot is the 42 th slot to the left of the 48 slots. If [ Y +4mq]If the number is more than 48, the slot is the slot on the right side of the 48 th slot, and the number from the 48 th slot to the left is [ Y +4mq-48 ]]The slot is the slot. For example, when Y takes 30 slots and mq is 6, [ Y +4mq [ ]]Is 54 slots, then this slot is the 6 th slot to the right of the 48 th slot.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is an expanded view of a U-phase winding, wherein the U-phase winding includes two branches.

The starting end of the first branch of the U-phase winding is arranged on the 1 st layer of 24 slots, the starting end of the second branch of the U-phase winding is arranged on the 1 st layer of 23 slots, and the starting end is the wire inlet end 24. The termination end of the first branch of the U-phase winding is arranged at the 18-slot 2 nd layer, the termination end of the second branch of the U-phase winding is arranged at the 17-slot 2 nd layer, and the termination end is the wire outlet end 25.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is an expanded view of three-phase windings, wherein each phase winding includes two branches.

In one embodiment, the flat wire winding 2 includes three-phase windings, where m is 3, which are a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding, and a W-phase winding, and each phase winding includes two branches. The number z of the stator slots is 48, the number p of the pole pairs is 4, the pitch y1 is 7, the pitch y2 is 6, the pitch y3 is 5, and the three-phase windings are wound in the same manner. Two stator slots 11 are arranged between two adjacent three wire inlet ends 24 of the three-phase winding, and two stator slots 11 are arranged between two adjacent three wire outlet ends 25 of the three-phase winding. Furthermore, the wire inlet end 24(U +) and the wire outlet end 25(U-) of the U-phase winding are separated from four stator slots 11, the wire inlet end 24(V +) and the wire outlet end 25(V-) of the V-phase winding are separated from four stator slots 11, and the wire inlet end 24(W +) and the wire outlet end 25(W-) of the W-phase winding are separated from four stator slots 11. Thus, the three inlet terminals 24 of the three-phase winding are relatively concentrated, and the three outlet terminals 25 of the three-phase winding are relatively concentrated.

Fig. 7 shows a 48-slot, 8-pole, 6-layer, two-branch flat wire winding 2, according to a connection schematic diagram of a winding structure, a three-phase motor is divided into U, V, W-phase windings and symmetrically distributed in space, which is described by taking U-phase stacked windings as an example, and V, W phases are similar to U-phase, and are not described again here. Each branch winding of the U-phase winding comprises 24U-shaped conductor sections which are connected in series, two branches are arranged in the U-phase to facilitate understanding and define the starting position of a specific stator slot 11, numbers represent the number of the stator slot 11 in which the U-shaped conductor sections are located, and numbers in brackets represent slot layers in which the U-shaped conductor sections are located. Example (c): 24(1) indicates the position of the layer 1 conductor in the 24 th slot. It is noted that any stator slot number can be selected for the starting position of each branch winding.

The winding mode of the first branch of the U-phase winding is as follows:

24(1) → 17(1) → 11(2) → 17(3) → 11(4) → 17(5) → 11(6) → 6(6) → 12(5) → 6) → 4) → 12(3) → 6(2) → 12(1) → 5(1) → 47(2) → 5(3) → 47(4) → 5(5) → 47(6) → 42(6) → 48(5) (4) → 48(3) → 42(2) → 48 (48) → 48(1) → 41 (35) → 41(3) → 35) → 4) → 23(6) → 36(6) → 24) ((23)) (23) → 30) (24) → 23) → 36) → 6) → 36 (23) → 23) (6) → 36) → 6) → 36(6) → 29(6) (6) → 36) → 29(6) (24) → 36 (23) → 36(6) → 6) (6) → 36(6) (6) → 6) ((6) → 29) (6) → 6) (24) (24) → 36) →) and 24 (36) → 23) ((6) → 23) (6) (36) →) 23) (6) →) 23) ((36) → 23) → 36(6) ((6) → 36) →) 23) → 23) ((6) → 6) ((6) (6) →) 23) ((6) → 6) ((6) (6) →) 23) → 36) →) and 6) → 6) ((6) → 6) ((6) (6) →) 23) → 6) ((6) → 36(6) → 6) ((6) → 6) ((6) (6) →) 23) → 36(6) →) 23) ((6) → 6) ((6) →) 23) ((6) →) 23) → 36(6) →) 23) → 6) → 36(6) → 6) ((6) → 36(6) ((6) (6) ((6) →) 23) → 6) → 36(6) →. Wherein 24(1) is the incoming line end 24 of the first branch, which is U1+, 18(2) is the outgoing line end 25 of the first branch, which is U1-.

The winding mode of the second branch of the U-phase winding is as follows:

23(1) → 30(1) → 24(2) → 30(3) → 24(4) → 30(5) → 24(6) → 29(6) → 35(5) → 29(4) → 35(3) → 29(2) → 35(1) → 42(1) → 36(2) → 42(3) → 36(4) → 42(5) → 36(6) → 41(6) → 47(5) → 41(4) → 4 (47) (3) → 41(2) → 47(1) → 6) → 48(2) → 6) → 48(3) → 48) → 18(4) → 6) → 17(4) ((4) → 6) (4)) (4) → 11(6) → 17) → 6) → 17(4) (4) → 6) ((6) → 17) (4) (4) → 11) (4) → 11 (23) → 11(6) → 11) ((6) → 11) → 6) ((6) → 6)) (6) → 11(6) → 6) ((4) (4)) (4) → 11(6) → 6) ((4) (4) → 11)) (4) → 11(6) → 11) → 6) → 11(6) → 11) → 6) ((6) →) 23) → 6) ((6) →) 23) → 6) → 11(6) → 17(6) → 6) ((4) → 6) → 11(6) → 6) ((4) → 6) ((6) → 11(6) → 17(6) ((4) → 11(6) → 11) → 6) →) 23) → 11(6) → 11) ((4) → 11(6) →) 23) ((4) → 6) ((4) → 6) → 11(6) → 6) ((4) → 11(6) ((4) → 11(6) ((4) (4) (4) →) 23) → 6) → 11 (. Wherein 23(1) is the incoming end 24 of the second branch and is U2-, 17(2) is the outgoing end 25 of the second branch and is U2-.

Therefore, the winding line of the second branch of the U-phase winding is different from the winding line of the first branch of the U-phase winding by 1 stator slot in the circumferential direction.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 and 9 are schematic views of a flat wire conductor.

In one embodiment, the flat wire winding 2 includes a plurality of U-shaped conductor segments, and the flat wire winding 2 may be formed by welding the plurality of U-shaped conductor segments. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the U-shaped conductor segments each include: the stator core comprises a bending portion 211, a first in-slot portion 212, a second in-slot portion 213 and a twisting head portion 214, wherein the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 are arranged in a stator slot 11, the upper end of the first in-slot portion 212 and the upper end of the second in-slot portion 213 extend out of the axial end portion of the stator core 1 (for example, the upper end of the stator core 1 shown in fig. 1) and are connected with the bending portion 211 located outside the stator slot 11, the lower end of the first in-slot portion 212 and the lower end of the second in-slot portion 213 both penetrate through the stator slot 11 and extend out of the axial end portion of the stator core 1 (for example, the lower end of the stator core 1 shown in fig. 1), and the lower end of the first in-slot portion 212 and the lower end of the second in-slot portion 213 are both connected with the twisting head portion 214. The bent portion 211 is formed as the hairpin end 22 of the flat wire winding 2, and the twisted head portion 214 is formed as the welding end 23 of the flat wire winding 2.

The first in-slot portion 212 serves as one effective side of the winding coil, the second in-slot portion 213 serves as the other effective side of the winding coil, the number of slots spanned between the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 is a pitch, and the numerical value of the pitch is expressed in terms of the number of slots. First in-slot portion 212 and second in-slot portion 213 may also be referred to as element edges, specifically as portions located within stator slot 11 that are capable of cutting a magnetic field within stator slot 11 to produce an induced electromotive force.

In the present embodiment, U-shaped conductor segments of four specifications are used, two of the U-shaped conductor segments 3a shown in fig. 8 and the U-shaped conductor segments 3b shown in fig. 9, and the other three are U-shaped conductor segments 3c, U-shaped conductor segments 3d, and U-shaped conductor segments 3e, respectively.

The U-shaped conductor segments 3c are identical in shape to the U-shaped conductor segments 3a except that the length of the torsion head portions 214 of the U-shaped conductor segments 3c in the axial direction of the stator core 1 is greater than the length of the U-shaped conductor segments 3a in the axial direction of the stator core 1. The first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3a and the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3c are provided at the outermost slot layer (layer 1), respectively, wherein the U-shaped conductor segment 3c is used for connection with the first terminal 3.

The U-shaped conductor segment 3d is the same in shape as the U-shaped conductor segment 3a except that the number of cross-slots between the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3a is larger than the number of cross-slots between the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3d, and the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3d are respectively provided in the innermost slot layer (layer 6).

The U-shaped conductor segment 3e has the same shape as the U-shaped conductor segment 3b except that the number of cross-slots between the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3e is different from the number of cross-slots between the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3b, the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3b are respectively different and adjacent to the 2 nd and 3 rd layers, and the first in-slot portion 212 and the second in-slot portion 213 of the U-shaped conductor segment 3e are provided at the 4 th and 5 th layers. For example, the first in-slot portions 212 of the U-shaped conductor segments 3b are provided at layer 2, the second in-slot portions 213 of the U-shaped conductor segments 3b are provided at layer 3, the first in-slot portions 212 of the U-shaped conductor segments 3e are provided at layer 4, and the second in-slot portions 213 of the U-shaped conductor segments 3e are provided at layer 5.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the motor.

The present application further provides a motor 200, where the motor 200 includes a casing 70, and a flat wire stator 100 and a rotor housed in the casing 70, and the rotor is disposed coaxially with the flat wire stator 100. The rotor includes rotor core 50 and pivot 60, and permanent magnet 40 locates rotor core 50, leaves the air gap between flat-wire stator 100 and the rotor. The motor 200 may be used as an induction motor, and the application scenario of the motor 200 is not particularly limited in the present application.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A flat wire stator, comprising:

2. The flat wire stator of claim 1, wherein the wire in the phase winding that wraps around each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer changes slot layer by one layer for every pitch y 2.

3. The flat wire stator of claim 2, wherein the phase winding turns back a crossover within a plurality of sets of stator slots at a pitch y2, the phase winding spanning from an outermost slot layer of the starting stator slots, through each intermediate slot layer, to the innermost slot layer, and then spanning from the innermost slot layer, through each intermediate slot layer, to the outermost slot layer, to the terminating stator slots.

4. The flat wire stator of claim 3 wherein the incoming end of the phase winding is located in the outermost slot layer, the number of stator slots differing from the outgoing end of the phase winding by less than the pitch y1, and the outgoing end of the phase winding is located in one of the slot layers between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer.

5. The flat wire stator of claim 3, wherein a continuous region with a cross-slot number of y1+ y2+ y3 is provided as a starting cross-wire region of the phase winding, the phase winding crosses at the outermost slot layer at the same layer with a pitch of y1 in a region with a cross-slot number of y1, the phase winding turns back a cross-wire at each slot layer between the outermost slot layer and the innermost slot layer with a pitch of y2 in a region with a cross-slot number of y2, the phase winding crosses at the innermost slot layer at the same layer with a pitch of y3 in a region with a cross-slot number of y3, and a line inlet end and a line outlet end of the phase winding are both located in a region with a cross-slot number of y 1.

6. The flat wire stator according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of turn-back portions of the phase winding are provided in a plurality of adjacent sets of two stator slots, respectively, and the plurality of turn-back portions of the phase winding are provided in different slot layers of the adjacent two stator slots in any one set of the adjacent two stator slots.

7. The flat wire stator according to claim 6, wherein, of the two adjacent stator slots in at least one group, the two adjacent stator slots are a first stator slot and a second stator slot, respectively, and each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding wire segment on the side of the first stator slot facing away from the second stator slot in the phase winding is located in a different slot layer of the second stator slot and separated from the two slot layers, and each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding wire segment on the side of the second stator slot facing away from the first stator slot is located in a different slot layer of the first stator slot and separated from the two slot layers.

8. The flat wire stator as claimed in claim 6, wherein, of the two adjacent stator slots in at least one set, the two adjacent stator slots are a third stator slot and a fourth stator slot, respectively, each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding wire segment on the side of the third stator slot facing away from the fourth stator slot is on a different slot level of the third stator slot and is separated by two slot levels, and each turn-back portion of the turn-back winding wire segment on the side of the fourth stator slot facing away from the third stator slot is on a different slot level of the fourth stator slot and is separated by two slot levels.

9. The flat wire stator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pitch y1 > the pitch y2 > the pitch y 3.

10. The flat wire stator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the flat wire comprises a three-phase winding, the three-phase winding has the same crossover pattern, and the three incoming ends of the three-phase winding are separated by two stator slots and the three outgoing ends of the three-phase winding are separated by two stator slots.

11. The flat wire stator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein each phase winding comprises two parallel branches, the starting end of each branch is disposed in two adjacent stator slots, wherein m is the number of motor phases, q is the number of slots per pole, q is 2, and Z is the number of stator slots: z is 2mpq, P is a polar pair number, k is 2P-2; n is the number of slot layers, X represents the X-th slot in the stator slots 11, X represents the Y-th slot in the stator slots 11, [ X ]] _N -1 represents the N-1 th layer of the X-th groove, [ Y ]] _N -1 represents the N-1 th layer of the Y-th groove, X is any groove, and when X is selected, Y is X +2mq + 1;

the winding mode of the first branch circuit is as follows:

[X+(mq+1)] ₁ ---[X] ₁ ---[X-mq] ₂ ---[X] ₃ ---[X-mq] ₄ --- _...... [X] _N -1---[X-mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq] _N ---[X+1-mq] _N -1...[X+1-2mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq] ₁ ---

[X-2mq] ₁ ---[X-mq-2mq] ₂ ---[X-2mq] ₃ ---[X-mq-2mq] ₄ --- _...... [X-2mq] _N -1---[X-mq-2mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-2mq] _N ---[X+1-mq-2mq] _N -1...[X+1-2mq-2mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq-2mq] ₁ ---

[X-4mq] ₁ ---[X-mq-4mq] ₂ ---[X-4mq] ₃ ---[X-mq-4mq] ₄ --- _...... [X-4mq] _N -1---[X-mq-4mq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-4mq] _N ---[X+1-mq-4mq] _N -1...[X+1-2mq-4mq] ₂ ---[X+1-mq-4mq] ₁ ---

......

[X-kmq] ₁ ---[X-mq-kmq] ₂ ---[X-kmq] ₃ ---[X-mq-kmq] ₄ --- _...... [X-kmq] _N -1---[X-mq-kmq] _N ---

[X+1-2mq-kmq] _N ---[X+1-mq-kmq] _N -1...[X+1-2mq-kmq] ₂ ；

the winding mode of the second branch circuit is as follows:

[Y-(mq+1)] ₁ ---[Y] ₁ ---[Y-mq] ₂ ---[Y] ₃ ---[Y-mq] ₄ --- _...... [Y] _N -1---[Y-mq] _N ---

[Y-1] _N ---[Y-1+mq] _N -1...[Y-1] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq] ₁ ---

[Y+2mq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+2mq] ₂ ---[Y+2mq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+2mq] ₄ --- _...... [Y+2mq] _N -1---[Y-mq+2mq] _N ---

[Y-1+2mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] _N -1...[Y-1+2mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+2mq] ₁ ---

[Y+4mq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+4mq] ₂ ---[Y+4mq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+4mq] ₄ --- _...... [Y+4mq] _N -1---[Y-mq+4mq] _N ---

[Y-1+4mq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] _N -1...[Y-1+4mq] ₂ ---[Y-1+mq+4mq] ₁ ---

......

[Y+kmq] ₁ ---[Y-mq+kmq] ₂ ---[Y+kmq] ₃ ---[Y-mq+kmq] ₄ --- _...... [Y+kmq] _N -1---[Y-mq+kmq] _N ---

[Y-1+kmq] _N ---[Y-1+mq+kmq] _N -1...[Y-1+kmq] ₂ 。

12. the flat wire stator of claim 1, wherein the number of slots z of the stator slot is 48, the number of pole pairs p is 4, the number of phases M of the winding is 3, the number of parallel branches of each phase winding is 2, 2M is 6, the pitch y1 is 7, the pitch y2 is 6, the pitch y3 is 5, the three-phase windings are uniformly arranged, and the first branch of one phase winding is crossed:

the winding mode of the second branch of the phase winding is as follows:

13. an electric machine, comprising:

a rotor; and

the flat wire stator of any one of claims 1-12, the rotor being disposed coaxially with the flat wire stator.