CN115029488B - Steel slag treatment system and method for treating steel slag by adopting same - Google Patents
Steel slag treatment system and method for treating steel slag by adopting same Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029488B CN115029488B CN202210733948.2A CN202210733948A CN115029488B CN 115029488 B CN115029488 B CN 115029488B CN 202210733948 A CN202210733948 A CN 202210733948A CN 115029488 B CN115029488 B CN 115029488B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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Abstract
The invention relates to a steel slag treatment system and a method for treating steel slag by adopting the same, and relates to the field of steel slag treatment, comprising a steel slag melting device and a control system; the steel slag melting device comprises a melting furnace, wherein the melting furnace is provided with a steel slag feeding port, a reactant feeding port, a gas stirring port, a tapping hole, a slag outlet and a plurality of heating electrodes positioned at different positions; the control system is used for adjusting the adding amount of the reactant and/or the heating power of different heating electrodes according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag to be added; the heights of the tap hole and the slag outlet are different, the slag outlet is positioned at a position higher than the tap hole of the melting furnace, and the tap hole and the slag outlet are used for shunting and discharging the reduced iron and the reconstructed steel slag. The steel slag melting device can continuously receive slag, shortens the steel slag treatment flow and improves the treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of steel slag treatment, in particular to a steel slag treatment system and a method for treating steel slag by adopting the same.
Background
Steel slag is a waste produced in a converter or electric furnace steelmaking process, and generally has a yield of about 10 to 15% of the yield of coarse steel, and contains about 10% of metal iron resources in addition to dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate which are similar to cement components. And the slag tapping temperature of the steel slag is above about 1400 ℃, and the steel slag is rich in huge heat.
The existing steel slag treatment technology mainly comprises a hot splashing treatment process, a pool type hot disintegrating process, a pressure hot disintegrating process, a roller method treatment process, an air quenching treatment process, a granulating wheel treatment process, a disc splashing treatment process, a water quenching treatment process and the like, but the processes have some defects and drawbacks which cannot be overcome. Such as: (1) The hot splashing treatment process has long treatment period, large occupied area, large environmental pollution and poor stability of steel slag, is unfavorable for recycling, and does not recycle heat. (2) The links of deslagging, slag skimming and slag discharging of the pool type hot disintegrating process are open, dust collection cannot be carried out, and pollution is serious; the process operation requirement is strict; the equipment and automation degree is low, the number of workers is large, and the labor intensity is high; the heat is not recycled; there is a risk of explosion. (3) The pressurized hot-sealing process has the advantages of large investment, large occupied area, no recycling of heat, explosion risk and high crane operation rate matched with the hanging tank, and the pressure container tank is needed. (4) the investment of the roller method treatment process is large, and the operation cost is high; the equipment is complex, the failure rate is high, and the maintenance difficulty is high; the steel slag treatment rate is low (about 50 percent); the heat is not recycled; there is a risk of explosion. (5) The air quenching treatment process can only treat liquid slag, and the utilization way of products for treating the steel slag is narrow. (6) The treatment rate of the granulating wheel treatment process is low (generally about 50 percent); only steel slag with good fluidity can be treated; equipment is severely worn; the gelation property of the treated steel slag is deteriorated to affect the utilization thereof. (7) the slag plate treated by the plate splashing method is easy to deform; the process is complex; the investment and the operation cost are high; the stability of the steel slag is poor. (8) the water quenching treatment process has low treatment rate (up to 50 percent); the water quenching is not properly operated and is easy to explode; the utilization way of the steel slag after treatment is narrow.
In addition, when the treated steel slag is subjected to magnetic separation, only a magnetizable part can be selected, and a great part of iron oxide cannot be magnetized and still remains in the tailings of the steel slag, so that resource waste is caused. The magnetic separation of the slag tailings has the defects of low activity of the blast furnace slag, high content of free calcium oxide and the like, so that the utilization rate is very low, and most of the slag tailings occupy the ground and pollute the environment.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for melting and utilizing steel slag, which overcomes the defects in the current steel slag treatment technology, reduces iron oxide in the steel slag, improves the recovery rate and purity of iron, reconstructs the steel slag tailings, improves the activity and stabilizes the quality of the steel slag tailings, and maximally recycles the heat contained in the steel slag.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
In view of the above, the present invention is to provide a steel slag treatment system and a method for treating steel slag using the same.
Solution scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a steel slag treatment system, which comprises liquid steel slag or liquid steel slag with partial solid steel slag, wherein the steel slag treatment system comprises a steel slag melting device and a control system;
the steel slag melting device comprises a melting furnace, wherein a steel slag feeding port, a temperature sensor, a reactant feeding port, a gas stirring port, a tapping hole, a slag outlet and a plurality of heating electrodes positioned at different positions are arranged on the melting furnace;
the reactant charging port is used for adding a reactant, and the reactant comprises a steel slag reducing agent and/or a reconstruction agent;
the control system is used for adjusting the adding amount of the reactant and/or the heating power of different heating electrodes according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag to be added;
the steel slag adding port is used for adding steel slag into the melting furnace;
the gas stirring port is used for introducing gas to stir the molten steel slag;
the heights of the tap hole and the slag outlet are different, the slag outlet is positioned at a position higher than the tap hole of the melting furnace, and the tap hole and the slag outlet are used for shunting and discharging the reduced iron and the reconstructed steel slag.
Further, the slag ladle tipping device comprises a slag ladle tipping system, a weighing system and a temperature measuring system, and is used for pouring slag of a slag ladle into the melting furnace;
the weighing system and the temperature measuring system are connected with the control system and are used for feeding back the weight and the temperature of the steel slag in the slag pot.
Further, the melting furnace is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected with a control system and is used for monitoring the temperature in the melting furnace.
Further, the device also comprises a solid steel slag crushing device for crushing the solid steel slag on the surface of the slag pot; optionally, the solid steel slag crushing device comprises a horizontal moving device, a telescopic device connected with the horizontal moving device, and a slag crushing part connected with the end part of the telescopic device.
Further, the slag pot tilting system comprises a fixing mechanism for fixing the slag pot and a tilting mechanism for tilting the slag pot, wherein the rotation angle of the tilting mechanism is 0-90 degrees, and the tilting mechanism is controlled in a variable frequency mode and is used for stabilizing the slag pouring process.
Further, the system also comprises a steel slag quenching and heating system and/or a steel slag slow cooling and heating system;
further, the steel slag quenching and heat-taking system comprises a flow guiding device, a granulating device, a slow cooling device and a gas-water heat exchange device; the flow guiding device is used for guiding the reconstructed steel slag from the slag outlet of the melting furnace to the granulating device; the granulating device comprises a high-pressure spray gun and a particle bin, wherein the high-pressure spray gun is used for spraying high-speed jet flow to disperse the steel slag flowing out of the flow guiding device and cool the steel slag in the particle bin to form particles; the slow cooling device is used for receiving particles discharged from the particle bin and further cooling the particles; the air-water heat exchange device is used for exchanging heat with the granulating device and the slow cooling device.
Further, the second reconstructed slag treatment system comprises a pair roller device, a liquid-water heat exchange device and a crusher arranged below the pair roller device; the pair roller device is internally provided with liquid metal for cooling steel slag, and the liquid metal exchanges heat with the liquid water heat exchange device through a circulating pipeline.
Further, the device also comprises an on-line detecting instrument for detecting whether the reconstructed steel slag is qualified or not, and the on-line detecting instrument is used for discharging the steel slag into a steel slag quenching and heating system and/or a steel slag slow cooling and heating system after the steel slag is detected to be qualified.
Further, the device also comprises a feeding device for feeding the reactant to the reactant feeding port, the feeding device is matched with metering equipment, and the feeding device and the metering equipment are connected with a control system.
Further, the steel slag melting device also comprises a slag chute for guiding the steel slag into the steel slag inlet.
Further, the melting furnace is also provided with a dust removing port, and the dust removing port is used for being connected with a matched dust removing system and used for removing dust-containing gas generated in the melting device.
Further, the steel slag is selected from one or more of common steel slag, vanadium-titanium steel slag, casting residue and desulfurization slag.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating steel slag using the steel slag treatment system, comprising the steps of:
weighing and measuring the temperature of the steel slag, and adding the steel slag into a melting furnace;
the control system adjusts the heating power of the electrode according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag fed back to enable the steel slag to be in a molten state;
adding a reactant into a melting device for reaction, and stirring by introducing inert gas to fully react the steel slag with the reactant; optionally, the reactant comprises a reducing agent and/or a reconstitution agent;
the reduced molten iron flows out at fixed time through the tap hole and is used for returning to the steelmaking process, and the reconstructed steel slag flows out through the tap hole.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: on-line detection is carried out on the reconstructed steel slag flowing out from the slag outlet, and after the detection is qualified, the reconstructed steel slag is subjected to at least the following treatment:
1) The reconstructed steel slag is guided to flow out, high-speed jet-spraying steel slag granulating is carried out through a high-pressure spray gun, so that the steel slag is cooled to form particles below 5mm in the dispersing process, and then the granulated particles are discharged into a slow cooling device for heat exchange cooling, and optionally, heat exchange is carried out in the granulating process; optionally, the water consumption of the high-pressure spray gun is 100kg water/150 t slag;
2) Pouring the reconstructed steel slag into a double-roller device, cooling the steel slag by liquid metal in the double-roller device, and crushing the cooled steel slag in a crusher to obtain materials, wherein the liquid metal exchanges heat with a liquid-water heat exchange device through a circulating pipeline.
Further, in the steel slag melting process, dust-containing gas generated in the melting device is removed through a dust removal system.
Further, the steel slag is added into the melting furnace, the steel slag in the slag pot is poured into the melting furnace through the tilting mechanism, the rotation angle of the tilting mechanism is 0-90 degrees, alternatively, the tilting mechanism adopts variable frequency control, the rotation speed during tilting can be adjusted, and the larger the tilting angle is, the slower the tilting speed is.
Advantageous effects
(1) The invention adopts the steel slag melting treatment device to realize the separation of slag and iron in the treatment stage, omits the subsequent steel slag magnetic separation procedure, and reconstructs the residual steel slag tailing components to realize the waste recycling of the steel slag. And recycling the heat of the steel slag and saving water resources; the steel slag melting device can continuously receive slag, shortens the steel slag treatment flow and improves the treatment efficiency.
(2) The steel slag melting device can continuously receive the steel slag without waiting for one tank of steel slag to finish receiving the next tank of steel slag, and the plurality of electrodes are intelligently controlled by the control system to heat the steel slag, so that the original steel slag and the newly poured steel slag in the steel slag melting device can be ensured to be adjusted to be different heating powers by the electrodes at different positions to heat or preserve the heat of the steel slag. And the reduced molten iron and the reconstructed steel slag can be discharged at fixed time, and the slag is fed after the complete emptying is not needed. The whole steel slag melting treatment process can run uninterruptedly, can adapt to slag discharge periods of various steel-making workshops, and only needs a set of matched auxiliary equipment, thereby having small occupied area and saving investment. The problem that in the prior art, the steel slag melting treatment device needs to accept one tank of steel slag and then process the steel slag in the lower tank is solved, the problem that the steel slag waits for cooling the steel slag and wasting heat because the slag discharging period of a steelmaking workshop is too short is also solved, the turnover of the slag tank can be effectively accelerated, and the problem that the cost is increased because a plurality of steel slag melting treatment devices are required to be arranged is solved.
(2) According to the technical scheme, the method for directly treating the high-temperature liquid steel slag is adopted, so that the power consumption of electrode heating of a steel slag melting treatment device is saved, the liquid steel slag tailings are cooled in a water-beating mode, the heat of the steel slag is recovered, water resources are saved, the steel slag treatment is green, no discharge is caused, the generated dust-containing gas is discharged in an organized way after passing through a dust removal system, the environment protection reaches the standard, and the national environment protection policy is met. Iron in the steel slag is reduced in the treatment process, a steel slag magnetic separation processing line is not required to be constructed, and the occupied area of a factory is reduced. After the steel slag tailings are reconstructed, the activity is improved, the quality is stable, the tailings can be fully utilized, waste is changed into valuable, and the occupied area and the environment pollution are avoided. The whole process is completed by mechanical equipment from the beginning of steel slag being placed on the slag pot tilting device to the production of steel slag products, and compared with other steel slag treatment processes, the automation level is high, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the labor is saved.
(4) The reconstruction agent of the invention has good fluidity and reduced viscosity after processing the steel slag, thereby realizing the processing mode of quenching the steel slag (high-pressure spray gun spray high-speed jet) and solving the problems of poor fluidity and large viscosity of the steel slag, which is not suitable for quenching.
(5) The heat exchange device can improve the reutilization of heat energy, and meanwhile, the liquid metal is used as a heat exchange medium, so that the heat exchange device can be configured according to different heat exchange speed requirements, and can be customized for different products.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and it is to be understood that it is intended to provide a more clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to enable the technical means to be carried out in accordance with the contents of the specification, while at the same time providing a more complete understanding of the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention, and one or more preferred embodiments thereof are set forth below, together with the detailed description given below, along with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a process flow of an embodiment of a steel slag treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a process flow of one embodiment of the steel slag treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a process flow front section of one embodiment of the steel slag treatment system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reconstituted steel slag quenching process flow of one embodiment of the steel slag treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a slow cooling process flow of the reconstituted steel slag of one embodiment of the steel slag treatment system of the present invention.
The main reference numerals illustrate:
1-slag pot tilting system, 1-1 fixing mechanism, 1-2 tilting mechanism, 2-solid steel slag crushing device, 2-1 horizontal movement device, 2-2 telescoping device, 2-3 slag crushing part, 3-steel slag melting device, 3-1 reactant charging port, 3-2 electrode, 3-3 dust removal port, 3-4 slag outlet, 3-5 tap hole, 3-6 steel slag charging port, 4-charging device, 7-guiding device, 8-high pressure spray gun, 9-particle bin, 10-slow cooling device, 11-gas-water heat exchange device, 12-pair roller cooling device, 13-crusher, 14-liquid-water heat exchange device.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is, therefore, to be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or other components.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "beneath," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element's or feature's relationship to another element's or feature's in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the article in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the article in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" may encompass both a direction of below and a direction of above. The article may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The terms "first," "second," and the like herein are used for distinguishing between two different elements or regions and are not intended to limit a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc. may also be interchanged with one another.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a steel slag treatment system, wherein steel slag comprises liquid steel slag or liquid steel slag with partial solid steel slag, and comprises a steel slag melting device 3 and a control system; the steel slag melting device 3 comprises a melting furnace, wherein the melting furnace is provided with a steel slag inlet 3-6, a temperature sensor (which can be shot on a furnace cover), a reactant inlet 3-1, a gas stirring port, a tapping hole 3-5, a slag outlet 3-4 and a plurality of heating electrodes 3-2 positioned at different positions; the reactant feeding port 3-1 is used for adding reactants, wherein the reactants comprise a steel slag reducing agent and/or a reconstruction agent; the control system is used for adjusting the adding amount of the reactant and/or the heating power of different heating electrodes according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag to be added; the steel slag adding inlet 3-6 is used for adding steel slag into the melting furnace; the gas stirring port is used for introducing gas to stir the molten steel slag; the heights of the tapping hole 3-5 and the tapping hole 3-4 are different, the tapping hole 3-4 is positioned at a position higher than the tapping hole 3-5 of the melting furnace, and the tapping hole 3-5 and the tapping hole 3-4 are used for shunting and discharging the reduced iron and the reconstructed steel slag.
When the invention is used, the temperature and weight of the steel slag are measured before the steel slag is added and fed back to the control system, after the steel slag is poured into the steel slag melting device, the control system intelligently adjusts each heating electrode according to the temperature and weight feedback, the reactant is added through the reactant feeding hole, the reactant is fully reacted through gas stirring, and the reduced iron and the reconstructed steel slag are shunted and discharged by utilizing the difference of specific gravity of the iron and the slag and setting different heights of the tap hole and the slag hole. When the steel slag is not treated, the steel slag can be continuously added, and the control system intelligently adjusts the heating electrode according to the addition condition, so that continuous reaction and continuous discharge are realized.
Further, the slag ladle tipping device 1 is also included, the slag ladle tipping device 1 comprises a slag ladle tipping system, a weighing system and a temperature measuring system, and the slag ladle tipping device 1 is used for pouring slag of a slag ladle into a melting furnace; the weighing system and the temperature measuring system are connected with the control system and are used for feeding back the weight and the temperature of the steel slag in the slag pot.
Further, the melting furnace is provided with a temperature sensor which is connected with the control system and is used for monitoring the temperature in the melting furnace
When the device is specifically used, the crown block is used for placing the slag tank filled with liquid steel slag on the fixing mechanism, the weighing system is used for weighing the weight of the steel slag in the slag tank, the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature of the steel slag in the slag tank and feeding back the weight and the temperature of the steel slag to the control system, and the control system is used for adjusting working parameters of the steel slag melting device 3 in the next working procedure in a linkage manner, so that the medicament and the heating of the steel slag melting treatment device are based, and the intelligent control function is realized. The steel slag which is weighed and measured in temperature is poured into a slag chute of the steel slag melting device 3 by a tilting mechanism, and enters the steel slag melting device 3 through the slag chute.
Further, the device also comprises a solid steel slag crushing device 2 for crushing the solid steel slag on the surface of the slag pot; optionally, the solid steel slag crushing device 2 comprises a horizontal moving device 2-1, a telescopic device 2-2 connected with the horizontal moving device, and a slag crushing part 2-3 connected with the end part of the telescopic device 2-2. If the surface of the steel slag in the slag tank on the slag tank tipping device 1 is cooled into solid steel slag which can affect the pouring of liquid steel slag, the solid steel slag on the surface layer is crushed by the solid steel slag crushing device 2 and poured into the steel slag melting device 3 together with the liquid steel slag.
Further, the slag pot tilting system comprises a fixing mechanism 1-1 for fixing the slag pot and a tilting mechanism 1-2 for tilting the slag pot, optionally, the tilting mechanism 1-2 has a rotation angle of 0-90 degrees, so that the slag pot can safely and stably rotate by taking the axis of the lifting lug shaft as a rotation center. Optionally, the tipping mechanism 1-2 is controlled by frequency conversion and is used for stabilizing the steel slag dumping process. In order to ensure stable pouring process of the liquid steel slag, the tilting mechanism adopts variable frequency control, so that the rotating speed during pouring can be adjusted, and the larger the tilting angle is, the slower the tilting speed is.
Further, the system also comprises a steel slag quenching heat-taking system and/or a steel slag slow cooling heat-taking system.
Further, the steel slag quenching and heat-taking system comprises a flow guiding device 7, a granulating device, a slow cooling device 10 and a gas-water heat exchanging device 11; the flow guiding device 7 is used for guiding the reconstructed steel slag from the slag outlet 3-4 of the melting furnace to the granulating device; the granulating device comprises a high-pressure spray gun 8 and a particle bin 9, wherein the high-pressure spray gun 8 is used for spraying high-speed jet flow to disperse the steel slag flowing out of the flow guiding device and reduce the temperature in the particle bin 9 to form particles; the slow cooling device 10 is used for receiving the particles discharged from the particle bin 9 and further cooling; the air-water heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with the granulating apparatus and the slow cooling apparatus 10. The high pressure lance is preferably a supercritical high pressure lance.
In the steel slag quenching and heat-taking system, a granulating device and a slow cooling device 10 are used for two-stage cooling, so that heat recovery after the steel slag granulation is more thorough. High-pressure water is used by a supercritical high-pressure spray gun, high-speed jet flow is formed through the spray gun, liquid steel slag is dispersed, the steel slag is solidified during falling in a particle bin, and the glass body content in the granulated steel slag is remarkably increased. The water consumption is about 100.150 kg/t slag. The temperature of the steel slag in the granulating device is reduced to about 800 ℃, and the heat in the particle bin 9 is converted into high-temperature saturated or superheated steam (230-350 ℃) through heat exchange with water by a heat exchange function; the steel slag is discharged from the granulating device and enters the slow cooling device 10, the temperature of the steel slag in the slow cooling device 10 is reduced to below 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the granulating device also has a heat exchange function, so that heat in the slow cooling device 10 is converted into high-temperature saturated or overheated steam (230-350 ℃) through heat exchange with water. The discharged materials are suitable for being used as raw materials of cement clinker, slag powder and the like.
The invention reduces the viscosity of the steel slag and improves the fluidity by adding the heavy structurant, thereby realizing quenching granulation by effectively utilizing high speed.
Further, the second reconstructed slag treatment system comprises a pair roller device 12, a liquid-water heat exchange device 14 and a crusher 13 arranged below the pair roller device 14; the pair of roller devices 12 are filled with liquid metal for cooling steel slag, and the liquid metal exchanges heat with the liquid water heat exchange device 14 through a circulating pipeline.
The inside of the roller device 12 is filled with liquid metal, the steel slag is cooled by the liquid metal, the cooled steel slag falls into a crusher 13 below, and materials with proper grain sizes are crushed by the crusher. The components of the discharged steel slag are suitable for being used as concrete aggregate, building sand and stone and the like. Meanwhile, the liquid metal for cooling the steel slag transmits heat to the liquid-water heat exchange device 14, the liquid metal exchanges heat with water to generate high-temperature saturated or superheated steam (230-350 ℃), and the cooled liquid metal returns to the double-roller device 12 to continuously cool the steel slag.
The steel slag can be cooled by adopting two modes of quenching, granulating and cooling after being quenched and tempered in a steel slag melting device:
quenching and granulating the liquid steel slag by using a supercritical high-pressure spray gun, wherein the steel slag is changed to about 800 ℃, the proper cooling speed is adjusted in a granulating device to improve the tricalcium silicate content of the steel slag, the steel slag is suitable for being used as cement clinker, slag powder raw materials and the like, a slow cooling device is adopted in the second stage, the heat is further recovered, the temperature of the steel slag is reduced to below 100 ℃, the heat of the steel slag is recovered through two-stage heat exchange, steam is generated, and the heat recovery rate reaches more than 75%.
The slow cooling mode adopts a pair roller pair with liquid metal to cool the discharged steel slag slowly, the liquid steel slag exchanges heat with the liquid metal in the pair roller through the extrusion of the pair roller, and the proper cooling speed is adjusted to ensure that the components of the steel slag are suitable for being used as concrete aggregate, building sand and the like, and the steel slag enters a crusher to be crushed after passing through the pair roller, so that the concrete aggregate and the building sand and the concrete aggregate with proper grain size are produced. The heat of the steel slag is recovered while the steel slag is cooled by the pair of rollers, the heat exchange is carried out on the liquid metal and the water, the steam is generated, and the energy recovery rate can reach more than 60 percent.
The heat of the steel slag recovered by the quenching granulating mode and the slow cooling mode can generate steam for steel plants or for power generation.
Further, the device also comprises an on-line detecting instrument for detecting whether the reconstructed steel slag is qualified or not, and the on-line detecting instrument is used for discharging the steel slag into a steel slag quenching and heating system and/or a steel slag slow cooling and heating system after the steel slag is detected to be qualified.
Further, the device also comprises a feeding device for feeding the reactant into the reactant feeding port, the feeding device is matched with metering equipment, and the feeding device and the metering equipment are connected with a control system.
Further, the steel slag melting device also comprises a slag chute for guiding the steel slag into the steel slag inlet.
Further, the melting furnace is also provided with a dust removing opening, and the dust removing opening is used for being connected with a matched dust removing system and used for removing dust-containing gas generated in the melting device.
Further, the steel slag can be selected from one or more of common steel slag, vanadium-titanium steel slag, casting residue and desulfurization slag.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for treating steel slag using the steel slag treatment system, comprising the steps of:
weighing and measuring the temperature of the steel slag, and adding the steel slag into a melting furnace;
the control system adjusts the heating power of the electrode according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag fed back to enable the steel slag to be in a molten state;
adding a reactant into a melting device for reaction, and stirring by introducing inert gas to fully react the steel slag with the reactant; optionally, the reactant comprises a reducing agent and/or a reconstitution agent;
the reduced molten iron flows out at fixed time through the tap hole 3-5 and is used for returning to the steelmaking process, and the reconstructed steel slag flows out through the slag hole 3-4.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps: on-line detection is carried out on the reconstructed steel slag flowing out from the slag outlet 3-4, and after the detection is qualified, the reconstructed steel slag is subjected to at least the following treatment:
1) The reconstructed steel slag is guided to flow out, high-speed jet-spraying steel slag granulating is carried out through a high-pressure spray gun, so that the steel slag is cooled to form particles below 5mm in the dispersing process, and then the granulated particles are discharged into a slow cooling device for heat exchange cooling, and optionally, heat exchange is carried out in the granulating process; optionally, the water consumption of the high-pressure spray gun is 100kg water/150 t slag;
2) Pouring the reconstructed steel slag into a double-roller device, cooling the steel slag by liquid metal in the double-roller device, and crushing the cooled steel slag in a crusher to obtain materials, wherein the liquid metal exchanges heat with a liquid-water heat exchange device through a circulating pipeline.
Further, in the steel slag melting process, dust-containing gas generated in the melting device is removed through a dust removal system.
Further, the steel slag is added into the melting furnace, the steel slag in the slag pot is poured into the melting furnace through the tilting mechanism, the rotation angle of the tilting mechanism is 0-90 degrees, alternatively, the tilting mechanism adopts variable frequency control, the rotation speed during tilting can be adjusted, and the larger the tilting angle is, the slower the tilting speed is. One specific step of the steel slag treatment method of the invention can be as follows:
step 1, placing a slag pot filled with steel slag in a slag pot tipping device 1 by a crown block, and weighing and measuring the temperature of the high-temperature liquid steel slag by the slag pot tipping device 1;
step 2, if a solid slag layer appears on the surface of the steel slag in the slag pot, crushing the steel slag by a solid slag crushing device 2, and pouring the steel slag in the slag pot into a slag chute of a steel slag melting treatment device 3 by a slag pot tipping device 1 after the crushing process is finished;
step 3, the steel slag melting device 3 adjusts the power of a heating electrode according to the temperature of the steel slag fed back by the slag pot tipping device 1, and heats the steel slag to keep a high-temperature melting state;
step 4, adding a reducing agent and a reconstruction agent into the steel slag melting device 3 according to a certain proportion by the steel slag reducing agent and reconstruction agent feeding device 4 according to the weight of the steel slag fed back by the slag pot tipping device 1;
step 5, introducing gases such as nitrogen and the like into a gas stirring port of the steel slag melting treatment device 3 to fully react the molten steel slag with the medicament added by the feeding device 4;
step 6, when the steel slag melting device 3 works, generated dust-containing gas enters a dust removal system from a dust removal port to be purified and then is discharged;
and 7, returning the reduced molten iron to the steelmaking main process after flowing into the molten iron tank through the reduced iron tap hole 3-5. The steel slag on the upper layer of molten iron flows into a slag pot through a reconstructed slag outlet 3-4, so that slag and iron are separated;
step 8, after passing through the slag discharged from the reconstructed slag outlet 3-4, passing through an on-line detector to detect the qualified slag, pouring the slag into a flow guiding device 7, wherein the flow guiding device plays a role in buffering and stabilizing the flow speed of the slag, after the slag flows out of the flow guiding device 7, the slag is impacted by a supercritical high-pressure spray gun 8 to form tiny particles with the diameter of less than 5mm, the particles fall into a particle bin 9, the temperature of the slag in the particle bin 9 is reduced to about 800 ℃, and the granulating device has a heat exchange function and converts the heat in the particle bin 9 into high-temperature saturated or superheated steam (230-350 ℃) through heat exchange with water; the steel slag is discharged from the granulating device and enters the slow cooling device 10, the temperature of the steel slag in the slow cooling device 10 is reduced to below 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the granulating device also has a heat exchange function, so that heat in the slow cooling device 10 is converted into high-temperature saturated or overheated steam (230-350 ℃) through heat exchange with water. The discharged materials are suitable for being used as raw materials of cement clinker, slag powder and the like.
And 9 (parallel to the step 8) pouring the steel slag discharged from the reconstructed slag outlet 3-4 into a pair roller device 12 after passing through the detection of an on-line detection instrument, introducing liquid metal into the pair roller device 12, cooling the steel slag through the liquid metal, enabling the cooled steel slag to fall into a crusher 13 below, and crushing the steel slag by using the crusher to produce materials with proper grain size. The components of the discharged steel slag are suitable for being used as concrete aggregate, building sand and stone and the like. Meanwhile, the liquid metal for cooling the steel slag transmits heat to the liquid-water heat exchange device 14, the liquid metal exchanges heat with water to generate high-temperature saturated or superheated steam (230-350 ℃), and the cooled liquid metal returns to the double-roller device 12 to continuously cool the steel slag.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications of the above-described exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A steel slag processing system, wherein the steel slag comprises liquid steel slag or liquid steel slag with partial solid steel slag, and is characterized by comprising a slag pot tipping device, a solid steel slag crushing device, a steel slag melting device, a control system and a second reconstructed slag processing system;
the steel slag melting device comprises a melting furnace, wherein the melting furnace is provided with a steel slag feeding port, a reactant feeding port, a gas stirring port, a tapping hole, a slag outlet and a plurality of heating electrodes positioned at different positions;
the reactant charging port is used for adding a reactant, and the reactant comprises a steel slag reducing agent and/or a reconstruction agent;
the control system is used for adjusting the adding amount of the reactant and/or the heating power of different heating electrodes according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag to be added; the control system adjusts the heating power of the electrode according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag fed back to enable the steel slag to be in a molten state;
the steel slag adding port is used for adding steel slag into the melting furnace;
the gas stirring port is used for introducing gas to stir the molten steel slag;
the heights of the tap hole and the slag outlet are different, the slag outlet is positioned at a position higher than the tap hole of the melting furnace, and the tap hole and the slag outlet are used for shunting and discharging reduced iron and reconstructed steel slag;
the slag pot tilting device comprises a slag pot tilting system, a weighing system and a temperature measuring system, and is used for pouring slag of a slag pot into the melting furnace;
the weighing system and the temperature measuring system are connected with the control system and are used for feeding back the weight and the temperature of the steel slag in the slag pot;
the melting furnace is provided with a temperature sensor which is connected with the control system and used for monitoring the temperature in the melting furnace;
the solid steel slag crushing device is used for crushing the solid steel slag on the surface of the slag pot.
2. The steel slag processing system of claim 1, wherein the solid state steel slag crushing device comprises a horizontal movement device, a telescopic device connected with the horizontal movement device, and a slag crushing part connected with the end part of the telescopic device.
3. The steel slag handling system of claim 1, wherein the slag ladle tipping system includes a securing mechanism for securing the slag ladle and a tipping mechanism for tipping the slag ladle.
4. A steel slag treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the tilting mechanism has a rotation angle of 0 ° -90 °.
5. A steel slag processing system according to claim 3 wherein said tilting mechanism is a variable frequency control for stabilizing the steel slag tilting process.
6. The steel slag processing system of claim 1, further comprising a steel slag quenching heat removal system and/or a steel slag slow cooling heat removal system.
7. The steel slag processing system of claim 6, wherein the steel slag quenching and heating system comprises a diversion device, a granulating device, a slow cooling device and a gas-water heat exchange device; the flow guiding device is used for guiding the reconstructed steel slag from the slag outlet of the melting furnace to the granulating device; the granulating device comprises a high-pressure spray gun and a particle bin, wherein the high-pressure spray gun is used for spraying high-speed jet flow to disperse the steel slag flowing out of the flow guiding device and cool the steel slag in the particle bin to form particles; the slow cooling device is used for receiving particles discharged from the particle bin and further cooling the particles; the air-water heat exchange device is used for exchanging heat with the granulating device and the slow cooling device.
8. The steel slag processing system of claim 7, wherein the second reconstructed slag processing system comprises a pair of roller assemblies, a liquid-to-water heat exchange assembly, and a crusher disposed below the pair of roller assemblies; the pair roller device is internally provided with liquid metal for cooling steel slag, and the liquid metal exchanges heat with the liquid water heat exchange device through a circulating pipeline.
9. The steel slag processing system of claim 7, further comprising an on-line detector for detecting whether the reconstituted steel slag is acceptable or not, wherein the on-line detector is configured to discharge the steel slag into the steel slag quenching and heating system and/or the steel slag slow cooling and heating system after the detection is acceptable.
10. The steel slag processing system of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a feed device for feeding a reactant to a reactant feed port, the feed device being configured with a metering device, the feed device and the metering device being coupled to a control system;
and/or the steel slag melting device further comprises a slag chute for guiding the steel slag into the steel slag inlet.
11. The steel slag processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the melting furnace is further provided with a dust removal port, and the dust removal port is used for being connected with a matched dust removal system and removing dust-containing gas generated in the melting device;
and/or the steel slag is selected from one or more of common steel slag, vanadium-titanium steel slag, casting residue and desulfurization slag.
12. A method of treating steel slag using the steel slag treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:
weighing and measuring the temperature of the steel slag, and adding the steel slag into a melting furnace;
the control system adjusts the heating power of the electrode according to the temperature and the weight of the steel slag fed back to enable the steel slag to be in a molten state;
adding a reactant into a melting device for reaction, and stirring by introducing inert gas to fully react the steel slag with the reactant; the reactant includes a reducing agent and/or a reconstitution agent;
the reduced molten iron flows out at fixed time through the tap hole and is used for returning to the steelmaking process, and the reconstructed steel slag flows out through the tap hole.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of: on-line detection is carried out on the reconstructed steel slag flowing out from the slag outlet, and after the detection is qualified, the reconstructed steel slag is subjected to at least the following treatment:
1) The reconstructed steel slag is guided to flow out, high-speed jet flow is sprayed out through a high-pressure spray gun to spray the steel slag so as to granulate the steel slag, the steel slag is cooled to form particles below 5mm in the dispersing process, and then the granulated particles are discharged into a slow cooling device to perform heat exchange and cooling, and heat exchange is performed in the granulating process; the water consumption of the high-pressure spray gun is 100kg water/150 t slag;
2) Pouring the reconstructed steel slag into a double-roller device, cooling the steel slag by liquid metal in the double-roller device, and crushing the cooled steel slag in a crusher to obtain materials, wherein the liquid metal exchanges heat with a liquid-water heat exchange device through a circulating pipeline.
14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that during the melting of the steel slag, the dust-containing gas generated in the melting device is also removed by means of a dust removal system.
15. A method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the slag is added to the melting furnace and the slag in the slag pot is poured into the melting furnace by means of a tilting mechanism, the tilting mechanism being rotated by an angle of 0 ° to 90 °.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the tilting mechanism is controlled by variable frequency control for adjusting the rotational speed of the tilting, the greater the angle of the tilting, the slower the tilting speed.
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