CN115002709A - Water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one, which comprises the following steps: step S1, arranging a plurality of sensors in a water area to be observed, and connecting the plurality of sensors with the lora nodes; step S2, collecting the collected data to a total node by adopting a lora networking mode, and collecting the data measured by a plurality of sensors by the total node; and step S3, transmitting the data measured by the plurality of sensors after being summarized to a terminal through the heaven-earth satellite by adopting an image compression algorithm, thereby achieving the purpose of remote sensing.

Description

A Water Conservancy Observation Method Based on Tiantong-1

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy observation, in particular to a water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong No. 1.

Background technique

my country has a vast land area with numerous rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Due to the different climates in different places, the status quo of rivers, lakes and reservoirs is different, and the water system is complex, resulting in frequent floods and droughts. Although my country's water conservancy construction is developing and progressing continuously, the starting point of my country's informatization is relatively low, and the overall planning of the water conservancy observation system is relatively lacking. For a large agricultural country, the construction of water conservancy observation system is the lifeblood of "rural areas, agriculture and farmers". Therefore, a water conservancy observation system with high reliability, strong real-time performance, strong confidentiality and stability is particularly important.

Beidou satellite navigation system is a satellite navigation system independently developed and operated in my country. Because the "Beidou" satellite navigation system is not specially designed for communication, its communication capability is weak and the system capacity is limited. It cannot support voice and high-speed data services, and it is difficult to meet the requirements. Application and transmission requirements of integrated services such as voice, data and video in remote area communication. At present, the commonly used method of hydrological data transmission in most remote areas in my country is through Beidou satellites. Because Beidou satellites only use the short message protocol for data transmission, they cannot transmit image information, which is not conducive to the smooth development of flood control and drought relief work.

"Tiantong No. 1" satellite mobile communication system is the first generation large-capacity GEO satellite mobile communication system independently constructed by my country. The system uses multiple beams to cover my country's territory and territorial waters, and can provide voice, SMS, fax, data, and image services. , has unique advantages in emergency communications, maritime communications and universal services. The application of Tiantong satellites in water conservancy observations can provide all-weather, all-day, safe and reliable communication services, expand the scope of public network communication, and make up for the shortcomings of Beidou satellites.

Some remote areas in my country have low public network coverage, weak hydrological data communication, complex natural conditions and frequent natural disasters, which seriously threaten regional economic development and the safety of people's lives and properties. The failure of timely transmission of hydrological data and image information is one of the main reasons for disaster losses. Therefore, in order to solve the communication problems in these areas, building a safe and reliable water conservancy observation system is the focus of flood control and drought relief.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong No. 1 that can use a picture compression algorithm and then transmit it to a host computer through a Tiantong satellite to achieve remote sensing.

The present invention adopts the following method to realize: a kind of water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong No. 1, the method comprises the following steps:

Step S1, arranging multiple sensors in the water area to be observed, and connecting the multiple sensors to the lora node;

Step S2, adopting the lora networking method to summarize the collected data to the general node, and the general node summarizes the data measured by multiple sensors;

In step S3, the aggregated data measured by multiple sensors is transmitted to the terminal through the Tiantong satellite using a picture compression algorithm, so as to achieve the purpose of remote sensing.

Further, the plurality of sensors include a light sensor, a three-in-one sensor of atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, a turbidity sensor, a flow rate sensor, a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a pH sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor.

Further, the step S2 is further specifically as follows: the lora networking mode is to construct an IoT node by selecting a lora node, collect data of multiple sensors, and transmit the collected data to a general node for summarization, and the general node It is an embedded control terminal.

Further, the image compression algorithm in the step S3 specifically includes: loading the data in Python software and visualizing it, constructing a function that sets the cluster category to which the data belongs according to the existing cluster center point; The data of the cluster center, then initialize the center of the data point, traverse all the data, find the closest one to the cluster center, then determine which center point the data is closest to, and then calculate the distance between the current point and the k category centers; build a function : Calculate the new cluster center according to the category, data and its category; build the Kmeans algorithm, implement the clustering algorithm, and call the previous two functions.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts Tiantong satellite communication mode and LoRa networking technology. Compared with the water conservancy observation system commonly used in China, Tiantong satellite communication has autonomous controllable resources, all-weather service, no communication blind spots, and transmission security. It has the characteristics of high reliability and high invulnerability of facilities, and can carry out image transmission, and the transmission rate is faster. It has unique advantages in emergency communication, maritime communication and general services. The commonly used wireless Mesh networking method has high delay after multiple forwarding, and is not suitable for networks with high real-time requirements, while LoRa networking has long transmission distance, low power consumption, strong anti-interference line and low cost, and is more suitable for Water Conservancy Observation System. Domestic natural disasters occur from time to time. A safe and reliable water conservancy observation system can minimize or avoid casualties and economic losses, and is the fundamental guarantee for effective flood control and drought relief.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Figure 2 is the flow chart of Lora data acquisition.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figure 1, the present invention provides an embodiment: a water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong No. 1, the method includes the following steps:

Step S1, arranging multiple sensors in the water area to be observed, and connecting the multiple sensors to the lora node;

Step S2, adopting the lora networking method to summarize the collected data to the general node, and the general node summarizes the data measured by multiple sensors;

In step S3, the aggregated data measured by multiple sensors is transmitted to the terminal through the Tiantong satellite using a picture compression algorithm, so as to achieve the purpose of remote sensing.

The present invention is further described below by a specific embodiment:

Realization of Image Compression Technology

In the present invention, the image compression processing is performed by the Python clustering algorithm,

First perform common data clustering:

1. Load the data and visualize it in Python

2. Build a function that sets the cluster category to which the data belongs based on the existing cluster center points. First find the data of the closest cluster center of each instance in the data, then initialize the center of the data point, traverse all the data, find the closest one to the cluster center, and then determine which center point the data is closest to, and then calculate the current point and k distance from the center of each category.

3. Build a function: Calculate the new cluster center based on the category, data and the category to which it belongs.

4. Build the Kmeans algorithm, implement the clustering algorithm, and call the previous two functions

5. Plot the results

6. Image compression: For example: if the original image is a 128*128 3-channel data, the width and height of the image are compressed into one dimension, and the number of channels is reserved as one dimension, then the data is 16384*3 data volume. It can be understood that this picture has a total of 16384 rows of data, and each row of data has 3 features. Then set 16 clusters for these data (for the original picture, it can be understood as divided into 16 blocks), and obtain the center points of 16 clusters through the kmeans algorithm. Then set the 16384 rows of data to the corresponding cluster, then save this compressed image, save the 16 cluster center data, and the corresponding category of the 16384 rows of data, then the required amount of data is 16384+16*3 that is A little more than 1/3 of the original image data. The specific implementation is as follows:

Look at the original image, then see what's in the mat format data and load the image data. After re-normalizing the data, the matrix size is reset, the number of rows and columns are combined, and the channel is a separate one-dimensional. Then perform image compression: randomly initialize the cluster center, and randomly select 16 sample points as the cluster center. Run the kmeans clustering algorithm, after 10 iterations, obtain the sample points belonging to the category, then match each pixel value with the clustering result, and finally convert the data into the previous data format to complete the image compression process.

Sensor design: In the process of water conservancy observation, sensors are indispensable equipment. The main function of sensors is to detect relevant ecological information of water conservancy, use various sensors to collect and analyze data, save the collected data, and observe its Change laws, as well as the relevant ecological information of water conservancy. This design mainly uses five sensors, whose types and related parameters are as follows.

1. Light intensity sensor: collect light information of water conservancy. The output signal of the sensor is various, which is convenient for experiment and can meet different experimental environments. Using polymer waterproof material, good photosensitive, to ensure accurate measurement of equipment. This product uses a high-speed photosensitive probe with stable signal and high accuracy. It has the characteristics of wide measurement range, good waterproof performance, easy installation and long transmission distance. Light intensity accuracy ±5% (25°C), output signal RS485, operating temperature -30-50°C, working humidity environment 0-95%RH.

2. RS485 atmospheric pressure temperature and humidity three-in-one sensor: three-in-one sensor, simultaneously measuring water conservancy atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity. The atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity three-in-one equipment has the characteristics of small size and integrated integration. It can measure three kinds of data at the same time and is easy to use. The parameters of the equipment indicate that the equipment can adapt to different measurement environments. The device measures data in real time and transmits it using a wireless network. The product network transmission adopts stable and reliable operator network, mature technology, stable transmission, strong signal and wide coverage. At the same time, the device supports collecting data regularly and actively uploading it to the server platform. The measured temperature range is -40°C-80°C, the humidity range is 0-100%RH, and the absolute measurement range of atmospheric pressure is 10-1200mbar.

Please refer to Figure 2, Lora networking: in the process of water conservancy observation, since there are multiple sensors, and the placement of the sensors may be different, it is obviously impossible to install a communication module on each sensor, so it is necessary to install a communication module inside each sensor. The low-power Lora network of the component integrates all the observed data, and then the Tiantong module sends the data. At present, wireless communication technologies include WIFI, ZigBee, Lora, etc. However, compared with Bluetooth, ZigBee, WIFI and other devices, Lora gateway can not only meet the requirements of low power consumption but also realize ultra-long-distance transmission, with better comprehensiveness. Lora wireless communication can be converted into RS 485 wired communication by Lora gateway, and the host computer receives the transmitted data. The application layer is composed of the upper computer monitoring platform, and the comprehensive data processing and human-computer interaction are realized by the Internet of Things platform. Because the observation area of water conservancy is relatively wide, and the distance of WIFI, ZigBee, and other wireless transmission technologies cannot meet the requirements and cannot meet the functional requirements of distributed sensor acquisition, these technologies are not considered. At the same time, Lora technology has good anti-interference ability, wide coverage, fast data transmission rate, plus its ultra-long distance and low power consumption characteristics, Lora communication is very popular in the Internet of Things and is widely used. For the Internet of Things within the water conservancy, Lora nodes are selected to build IoT nodes, collect distributed sensor data, cover the entire water conservancy, and transmit the collected data to the embedded (ARM) control terminal. The hardware selected in this design is USR-LG210-L concentrator, and USR-LG206-L-C-H10 nodes form Lora wireless communication network.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, arranging a plurality of sensors in a water area to be observed, and connecting the plurality of sensors with the lora nodes;

step S2, collecting the collected data to a total node by adopting a lora networking mode, and collecting the data measured by a plurality of sensors by the total node;

and step S3, transmitting the data measured by the plurality of sensors after being summarized to a terminal through the heaven-earth satellite by adopting a picture compression algorithm, thereby achieving the purpose of remote sensing.

2. The water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the sensors comprise an illumination sensor, an atmospheric pressure and temperature and humidity three-in-one sensor, a turbidity sensor, a flow velocity sensor, a water level sensor, a flow sensor, a PH value sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor.

3. The water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the step S2 further includes: the lora networking mode is that the nodes of the internet of things are constructed by selecting lora nodes, data of a plurality of sensors are collected, the collected data are transmitted to a total node to be collected, and the total node is an embedded control terminal.

4. The water conservancy observation method based on Tiantong number one as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the picture compression algorithm in step S3 specifically includes: loading data in Python software, visualizing the data, and constructing a function for setting the cluster type of the data according to the center point of the existing cluster; firstly, finding the data of a clustering center which is closest to each instance in the data, then initializing centers for data points, traversing all data, finding the closest clustering center, determining which central point the data is closest to, and then calculating the distance between the current point and k class centers; a function is constructed: calculating a new cluster center according to the category, the data and the category to which the data belongs; and (4) constructing a Kmeans algorithm, implementing a clustering algorithm, and calling the previous two functions.

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