CN1149894A - 用于电泳图象显示的氟化介质悬浮液及有关方法 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
- G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
- G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
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- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G17/00—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process
- G03G17/04—Electrographic processes using patterns other than charge patterns, e.g. an electric conductivity pattern; Processes involving a migration, e.g. photoelectrophoresis, photoelectrosolography; Processes involving a selective transfer, e.g. electrophoto-adhesive processes; Apparatus essentially involving a single such process using photoelectrophoresis
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Abstract
用于电泳显示、静电印刷等的介质悬浮液(34)，包括含高密度氟化溶剂和较低密度的烃类溶剂的悬浮介质(28)，分散在悬浮介质(34)中的许多颜料微粒(36)、溶解在悬浮介质(34)中与颜料微粒(36)颜色呈光反差的流体染料以及吸附在颜料微粒(36)上用以阻止颜料微粒(36)聚集的电荷控制剂。
Description
受让人，Copytele，Inc.是Frederic E.Schubert的题为“用于电泳图象显示系统的悬浮液”及题为“改进电泳显示悬浮液的配方及有关方法”的美国专利申请的所有者。这两份专利申请号分别为No.08/092749(申请日期为1993年7月6日)及No.08/161315(申请日期为1993年12月2日)。
本发明一般涉及用于电泳图象显示、静电印刷等的介电流体悬浮液，具体地说，涉及含有氟化悬浮介质的介电流体悬浮液组合物及其制备方法。
电泳效应是众所周知的，并且电泳效应已是许多现有专利和论文叙述的主题。正如现有技术中所叙述和讨论的，从原理上说，电泳效应能使悬浮在介质中的一些微粒带电并通过介质向带异性电荷的电极迁移。电泳图象显示(EPID)提供能产生所要求图象的电泳效应。在现有EPID技术中，带正电荷或带负电荷的着色微粒是悬浮在介电流体介质中的，这种流体介质或是清彻或是必要时带有与微粒呈反差的颜色。悬浮液充注在装有两个平行栅格电极的电泳池中，其中至少一个电极是透明的.使带色的微粒在所加的电场作用下向其中一个栅格电极迁移并与电极接触，从而取代该电极附近的流体介质，产生所希望的图象。当电场的极性反过来时，带色的微粒向相反栅格电极迁移。
有关利用电泳效应的这种装置的适用实施例可参考题为“电泳显示屏及有关方法”的美国专利No.4732 830(Frank J.DiSanto等1988年3月22日授权)。该专利公开了一种电泳显示装置，该装置包括其上配置有许多垂直方向导线所限定的格栅的平面透明组件。许多水平方向的导电阴极线配置在垂直导线的上面，两电极之间用薄的绝缘层绝缘，从而构成XY矩阵电极。导电板或阳极配置在线状电极的上方并在两电极间容有黄色超细颜料微粒分散在深色悬浮液介质中的电泳分散体，这些微粒在介质中是可迁移的。
如上所述，介质悬浮液含有适用的悬浮在流体中的超细微粒颜料成分。每个颜料微粒通过由能与微粒发生化学作用的一种电荷控制润湿剂所包括而使微粒获得电荷。微粒带电对于使悬浮在悬浮介质中的微粒的聚集现象降至最低并产生电泳现象是至关重要的。
迄今，高密度氯化溶剂如四氯化碳和四氯乙烯等已用于制造EPID等的颜料悬浮液。例如，题为“电泳显示屏及有关方法”的美国专利No.4655897(Frank J.DiSanto等，1987年4月7日授权)中采用四氯乙烯为溶剂制备的EPID颜料悬浮液.
高密度氯化溶剂与低密度溶剂相复配可使EPID液体介质与悬浮在介质中的成象微粒之间达到密度平衡。为使整个显示屏产生色调均匀的图象，密度平衡是很重要的。
然而，近年来，氯化溶剂因其潜在的对环境的破坏及毒性已成为管理者们的目标。由此，可以预料，今后一定会对氯化溶剂的使用加以严格的限制。因此，研究替代氯化溶剂的替代物是极其重要的。
完全氟化的液体是高密度、无色的，并且是相对惰性的。高密度氯化溶剂与较低密度的液态烃相复配，可得一种更好的适用于制造EPID及类似器件中介质悬浮液的溶剂体系。
众所周知，大多数氟化物具有低表面张力。这一特性使液态氟化物难以应用于烃基质中有机或无机颜料表面的润湿。因此，聚集的颜料颗粒难以在氟化物介质中分散，由此，不可能形成稳定的悬浮体，所制的器件性能也是不符合要求的。
改进分散体稳定性的一种方法是引入能优先吸附在颜料表面的表面活性剂，以降低颜料颗粒表面与供润湿的介质之间的界面张力，并赋予一定的静电或空间排斥作用以保持长时间的稳定。
介质悬浮液的稳定性决定于表面活性剂在介质中的稳定性及表面活性剂与颜料颗粒表面间的相互作用。因此，要制备供EPID或类似装置用的稳定介质悬浮液，正确选择适合于具体溶剂复配体系的表面活性剂是关键。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种环境可接受的、包括具有优异的光反差的、电泳速度高、运行寿命长并在EPID或其它类似器件中具有高悬浮稳定性的氟化溶剂介质的介质悬浮液组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种制备环境可接受的氟化介质悬浮液的方法。
用于电泳图象显示、静电印刷等的介质悬浮液包括含高密度氟化溶剂和较低密度烃溶剂的悬浮液介质、分散在悬浮介质中的许多颜料微粒、溶于悬浮介质中提供与颜料微粒形成光反差的流体染料以及吸附在颜料微粒上阻止颜料微粒聚集的表面活性剂。
介质中氟化溶剂部分选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯及Galden流体。
介质中烃类溶剂部分选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷的混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷以及十六烷萘烷。
本发明悬浮液的另一实施方案中的介质还包括第二种选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯及Galden流体的氟化溶剂。
本发明悬浮液的第三实施方案中的介质还包括第二种选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物，甲苯、苯、二甲苯，环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷以及十六烷萘烷的烃类溶剂。
供该体系选用的表面活性剂是那些含有聚合的伯碳原子与氢原子的嵌段及伯碳原子与氟原子的嵌段的表面活性剂。此外，它们还必须含有能与颜料表面相作用的官能团。3M公司的氟系列表面活性剂是具有这些特性的材料的代表性实例。
制备本发明介质悬浮液方法的步骤包括将氟化溶剂与烃类溶剂相混合形成悬浮介质、向悬浮介质添加第一种颜色的颜料微粒、向悬浮介质添加表面活性剂以阻止众多颜料微粒的聚集、将第二种颜色的流体染料溶入悬浮介质中并混合悬浮介质使颜料微粒充分地分散其中。
制备本发明介质悬浮液方法的另一实施方案，包括将第二种氟化溶剂与所述氟化溶剂及所述烃类溶剂相混合。
制备本发明介质悬浮液方法的第三个实施方案，包括将第二种烃类溶剂与所述氟化溶剂及所述烃类溶剂相混合。
本发明的这些方面及其它方面通过下面详细的说明会很清楚的。下面说明中公开了几种本发明典型的实施方案。这些实施方案只是用来说明本发明而不是对本发明的限制，这是不言而喻的。
附图的简要说明
在考虑有关附图时参看下列详细说明，会有助于更好地理解本发明，以便对本发明作出全面的评价并发现许多附带的优点。其中附图为：
图1是部分切去后的电泳显示器的简化透视图，
图2是表面活性剂化学结构的说明。
实现本发明的最佳方案
本发明最主要的方面是涉及提供环境可接受的氟化介质悬浮液组合物及制备该悬浮液组合物的方法。该组合物具有优良的光学反差、高的电泳速度、长的运行寿命及良好的悬浮稳定性。图1是电泳显示器件的简化透视图，该图说明的是本发明介质悬浮液所预期的许多应用实例之一的电泳显示器件。除悬浮液组合物和制备组合物的方法外，显示器10可按本领域已知的方法制备。这种显示器的结构是众所周知的，并可参考前述DiSanto等的美国专利No.4732830，该专利的公开内容已详细列入本文以供参考。如图1所示，电泳池10包括由后板12、前板14及侧板16所限定的密闭的空间18。该密闭空间以内表面20为界，而池的外部有外表面22。
在后板12的内侧沉积有一层导电材料作为阳极24。在前板14的内侧沉积有基本平行的导电材料条26作为一组阴极。每一条状阴极与其相邻条状阴极是电绝缘的。阴极26的上面沉积有一层电绝缘材料28，绝缘层28的上方沉积有基本平行的导电材料条30作为控制电极或栅极，相邻的栅极30彼此之间也是互相电绝缘的。
用常规方法蚀刻掉处于栅极之间的绝缘体28部分使各列栅极之间显露出小区域阴极。当从后板12观看电泳池10时，栅极30以方形或矩形重叠在阴极26上。在每个这种重叠面中，在栅极上和栅极下面的绝缘层上蚀刻许多凹坑32，使凹坑底部的阴极显露出来。阴极26，绝缘材料28及控制电极30构成X-Y矩阵结构33。
后板12一般是由玻璃或透明塑料制成，阳极24是由导电金属或金属氧化物，如铟氧化物和锡氧化物的混合物(“ITO”)所组成，并可用诸如真空溅射等方法将金属氧化物涂敷在后板12上。前板14一般也是由玻璃或透明塑料制成，并且涂以ITO层，根据涂层厚度它是透明的。阴极条纹是采用如集成电路技术中的常规蚀刻剂对前板14上的ITO层表面经蚀刻而成的。栅极30可用铬或某种其它导电材料制成，并可用真空溅射或其它方法将它们涂敷在绝缘材料28上。前板14可以扩大超过后板12，并且其上可以附有向阳极24、控制电极30和阴极26输送电压的装置(未画出)。
介质悬浮液34配置在密闭空间18中。通常，电泳池的前板、后板及侧板之间的空间及凹坑32都为悬浮液所充满。颜料微粒36分散在悬浮液中，当微粒包围在阴极上时作为漫反射体。当阳极24与阴极26之间加有足够的偏压时，电泳微粒36按照其极性相应地向阴极26或阳极24迁移，并从观察面看到深色介质24的移动，从而产生白色的图相。将电压极性反向，产生黑色图相。
前已提到，氟化的液体难以润湿有机和无机颜料表面，需要引入表面活性剂来降低颜料表面与介质之间的界面张力以利于润湿。按照本发明，悬浮液组合物包括黄色颜料、反衬的兰色染料、含氟表面活性剂以及包括用于调节颜料与介质之间密度平衡的高密度氟化溶剂和低密度烃类流体复配的介质。按照本发明的一种典型的悬浮液组合物叙述于下表1。
表1
成分 重量％
全氟甲苯 54.42
SAS-40 44.25黄色颜料，AAOT 0.74
溶剂兰35 0.37
3MFC-171 0.22表1典型的悬浮液组合物包括牌号为AAOT黄的黄色颜料(由Sun ChemicalCompany提供)。然而，其它有机颜料如Darylide黄、Hansa黄、Arylide黄、Hostaperm黄、Novoperm黄及任何其它适用的有机颜料均可采用，这是不言而喻的。
在该典型的悬浮液组合物中所用的电荷控制剂和稳定剂是3M Company提供的Flourad含氟化学表面活性剂。表面活性剂的基本化学结构如图2所示。N和M分别表示氟碳和乙氧基烃链的重复单元数。表面活性剂中的M、N随所选溶剂组成及颜料的不同可在3至20范围不等。典型的悬浮液组合物采用氟碳链重复单元数N及乙氧基烃链重复单元数M在6与9之间的表面活性剂。其它众所周知的包括3M Company的FC-170C、FC-171、FC-176、FC-430、FC-431及FC-740和DuPont的ZonylFSN；FSN-100、FSO、FSO-100、FSC及FSIC的含氟表面活性剂也可采用.
如上所述，介质是密度较高的氟化溶剂和密度较低的液态烃的复配物。该复配物可使颜料与介质之间的密度达到平衡、既不具强酸特性也不具强碱特性的含氟溶剂和烃类溶剂，由于它们在高电场作用下产生的本底电导率较低，因而是优选的。用于表1典型悬浮液中的氟化溶剂是全氟甲苯。但是，众所周知的氟化溶剂如全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯以及Galden流体(Montedison USA，Inc.提供)及其它氟化芳族化合物、环状和直链化合物等也可采用。在典型悬浮液中采用的液态烃是SAS40(Nisseki Co.提供)，它是苯基二甲苯基乙烷的混合物。可以采用的其它熟知的烃类溶剂包括甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、癸烷、辛烷、萘烷以及其它中性的芳族化合物、环状或直链化合物。
颜料、染料和表面活性剂的百分浓度可根据悬浮液组合物中所采用的材料以及EPID的设计而变化。在表1的典型悬浮液组合物中，颜料浓度为0.70-1.20％(重量)、染料浓度为0.20-0.5％(重量)、表面活性剂浓度为0.1 0-0.5％(重量)。
可以用任何适用的熟知技术制造颜料悬浮液。例如，将所有成分用氧化锆球或玻璃球进行球磨的方法制备颜料悬浮液，优选球磨时间为2与6小时之间。球磨后，滤掉磨球并将悬浮液以优选5000转/分钟转速离心1-2小时。另一制备颜料悬浮液的方法是将全部组分在超声浴中用超声波法优选分散1-2小时。
在另一典型的悬浮液组合物中加入了第三种溶剂。该第三种溶剂是用来促进颜料表面润湿以及稳定悬浮液的。此外，第三种溶剂还能降低成品悬浮液的粘度，从而增加微粒的电泳速度。
上述第三种溶剂可以采用氟化溶剂或液态烃类溶剂，如前面已经讨论过的那些溶剂。
上述依照本发明的另一个典型悬浮液组合物叙述于下表2。
表2
成分 重量％
全氟甲苯 34.00
甲苯 22.50全氟二甲基环己烷 41.2黄色颜料AAOT 1.00
溶剂兰35 0.10
3MFC-176 1.20
表2的典型悬浮液组合物中，颜料浓度为0.8-1.20％(重量)，染料浓度为0.008-0.12％(重量)以及表面活性剂浓度为1.0-1.5％(重量)。
虽然典型组合物中各组分的具体浓度已如上述，但是也可采用能得到同样结果的其它适宜的组分和浓度.这种改变也包括在本发明权利要求所规定的范围内。
Claims (38)
1.介质悬浮液包括：
包括氟化溶剂和烃类溶剂的悬浮介质；
分散在所述悬浮介质中的许多颜料微粒；
为所述颜料微粒提供光反差的溶解在所述悬浮介质中的液体染料；以及
吸附在所述颜料微粒表面上阻止颜料微粒聚集的表面活性剂。
2.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述的氟化溶剂是高密度氟化溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述的烃类溶剂的密度低于所述氟化溶剂。
4.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、全氟己烷、全氟辛烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯及Galden流体。
5.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷以及十六烷萘烷.
6.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮液是用于电泳显示的。
7.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮液是用于静电印刷机的。
8.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮液介质还含有第二种氟化溶剂。
9.根据权利要求8的介质悬浮液，其中所述第二种氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、全氟己烷、全氟辛烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯及Galden液体。
10.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮介质还含有第二种烃类溶剂。
11.根据权利要求10的介质悬浮液，其中所述第二种烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷以及十六烷萘烷。
12.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述表面活性剂的化学式中〔R1〕是氟碳，N是重复单元数，其值在3与20之间，〔R2〕是乙氧基烃，M是重复单元数，其值在3与20之间。
13.根据权利要求1的介质悬浮液，其中所述表面活性剂中含有聚合的伯碳原子与氢原子的嵌段及伯碳原子与氟原子的嵌段.
14.制备介质悬浮液的方法，包括下列步骤：
将氟化溶剂与烃类溶剂混合形成悬浮液介质；
向所述悬浮液介质添加第一种颜色的颜料微粒；
向所述悬浮介质添加表面活性剂以防止所述颜料微粒聚集；
将第二种颜色的液体染料溶入所述悬浮介质中；并混合所述悬浮介质使所述颜料微粒充分分散在介质中。
15.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述混合步骤包括球磨。
16.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述混合步骤包括在超声浴中用超声波分散。
17.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述氟化溶剂是高密度氟化溶剂。
18.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述烃类溶剂的密度低于所述氟化溶剂。
19.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、全氟己烷、全氟辛烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯以及Galden液体。
20.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷、十六烷以及萘烷。
21.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述悬浮液用于电泳显示。
22.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述悬浮液用于静电印刷机。
23.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述电荷控制剂的化学式中〔R1〕是氟碳，N是重复单元数，其值为3与20之间，〔R2〕是乙氧基烃，M是重复单元数，其值为3与20之间。
24.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述表面活性剂中含有聚合的伯碳原子与氢原子的嵌段及伯碳原子与氟原子的嵌段。
25.根据权利要求14的方法，还包括离心所述悬浮液步骤以除去不需要的颗粒状物质。
26.根据权利要求25的方法，其中以5000转/分钟转速离心处理所述悬浮液1-2小时。
27.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述混合步骤包括将第二种氟化溶剂与所述氟化溶剂和所述烃类溶剂相混合。
28.根据权利要求27的方法，其中所述第二种氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯，全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯以及Galden流体。
29.根据权利要求14的方法，其中所述混合步骤包括将第二种烃类溶剂与所述氟化溶剂及所述烃类溶剂相混合。
30.根据权利要求29的方法，其中所述第二种烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、癸烷辛烷及萘烷。
31.含有悬浮介质、供电泳显示的介质悬浮液组合物包括溶剂混合物、分散在所述悬浮介质中的许多颜料微粒、溶于所述悬浮介质中能与所述颜料微粒呈光反差的流体染料以及吸附在所述颜料微粒上防止所述颜料微粒聚集的表面活性剂，该组合物的改进包括：
高密度氟化溶剂和较低密度烃类溶剂组成所述溶剂混合物。
32.根据权利要求31的介质悬浮液，其中所述氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、全氟己烷、全氟辛烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯以及Galden液体，其中所述烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷、以及十六烷萘烷.
33.根据权利要求31的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮介质还包括第二种氟化溶剂。
34.根据权利要求33的介质悬浮液，其中所述第二氟化溶剂选自全氟甲苯、全氟环己烷、全氟二甲基环己烷、全氟甲基环己烷、全氟二甲苯、全氟苯、全氟萘烷、全氟癸烷、全氟己烷、全氟辛烷、全氟癸烷、三氟甲苯、五氟甲苯以及Galden流体。
35.根据权利要求31的介质悬浮液，其中所述悬浮介质还含第二种烃类溶剂。
36.根据权利要求35的介质悬浮液，其中所述第二种烃类溶剂选自苯基二甲苯基乙烷混合物、甲苯、苯、二甲苯、环己烷、仲丁基苯、苯基辛烷、癸烷、辛烷、以及十六烷萘烷。
37.根据权利要求31的介质悬浮液，其中所述电荷控制剂的化学式中〔R1〕是氟碳、N是重复单元数，其值为3与20之间，〔R2〕是乙氧基烃、M是重复单元数，其值为3与20之间。
38.根据权利要求31的介质悬浮液，其中所述表面活性剂中含有聚合的伯碳原子与氢原子的嵌段及伯碳原子与氟原子的嵌段。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US24985594A | 1994-05-26 | 1994-05-26 | |
| US08/249,855 | 1994-05-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1149894A true CN1149894A (zh) | 1997-05-14 |
Family
ID=22945294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95193241A Pending CN1149894A (zh) | 1994-05-26 | 1995-04-25 | 用于电泳图象显示的氟化介质悬浮液及有关方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5573711A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0760872A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH10501301A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1149894A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2191084A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1995033085A1 (zh) |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100368921C (zh) * | 2003-01-30 | 2008-02-13 | 希毕克斯影像有限公司 | 用于电泳显示器的高性能胶囊 |
| CN100434959C (zh) * | 2003-10-08 | 2008-11-19 | 伊英克公司 | 电泳介质 |
| CN102964867A (zh) * | 2008-01-10 | 2013-03-13 | 科莱恩金融(Bvi)有限公司 | 疏水性溶剂基颜料配制剂在电子显示器中的用途 |
| CN102964867B (zh) * | 2008-01-10 | 2015-04-01 | 科莱恩金融(Bvi)有限公司 | 疏水性溶剂基颜料配制剂在电子显示器中的用途 |
| CN114341724A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2022-04-12 | 默克专利股份有限公司 | 电泳流体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2191084A1 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
| JPH10501301A (ja) | 1998-02-03 |
| EP0760872A4 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
| EP0760872A1 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
| WO1995033085A1 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
| US5573711A (en) | 1996-11-12 |
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