CN114961728A - Stope coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing rock burst and gas - Google Patents
Stope coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing rock burst and gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961728A CN114961728A CN202210694884.XA CN202210694884A CN114961728A CN 114961728 A CN114961728 A CN 114961728A CN 202210694884 A CN202210694884 A CN 202210694884A CN 114961728 A CN114961728 A CN 114961728A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010017740 Gas poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mining area coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas. Pre-splitting a coal body before mining, pre-pumping gas and preventing rock burst by utilizing a pre-mining area arranged in a coal seam for coal transportation and uphill construction pre-splitting pumping bedding hole; meanwhile, the rail ascending is arranged in a rock stratum of a coal seam bottom plate, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for full-stage gas extraction, and the comb-shaped drill holes are used for returning air ascending in a rear mining area, so that the requirement of special returning air ascending can be met without influencing the recovery of the ascending coal pillars in the front mining area. The invention can realize the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas, and can greatly improve the control effect of gas and the recovery rate of coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock burst and gas prevention and control in coal mining, in particular to a mining area coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing and controlling the rock burst and the gas.
Background
Rock burst refers to the dynamic phenomenon of sudden and violent destruction of coal and rock masses around a roadway or a working face due to the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy, often accompanied by coal and rock mass throwing, loud sound and air waves, and is one of the major disasters of coal mines. Meanwhile, gas is often generated in the coal seam, and coal and gas outburst is easily generated when rock burst and the gas coexist, so that the rock burst and the gas need to be prevented and controlled when the coal seam is mined, and the aim is to reduce the gas outburst (impact) caused by the gas and reduce the harm of the gas to mine ventilation, such as gas poisoning and gas explosion. In the prior art, the prevention and control of rock burst are mostly pre-splitting pressure relief, and the technology is mature; aiming at the problem of gas control, the common Y-shaped ventilation mode improves the gas emission effect, a special return air is arranged on the boundary of a mining area to ascend the mountain, the traditional U-shaped ventilation mode of one inlet and one return is changed into a Y-shaped ventilation mode of two inlets and one outlet, the gas emission effect is greatly improved, but the ventilation mode is additionally provided with a special return air to ascend the mountain, so that the tunneling workload of a roadway is improved, the coal pillar reservation amount is increased, and the coal resource is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas, which can improve the gas control effect and the recovery rate of coal bodies and comprises the following steps:
a. tunneling an ascending mountain of a track of the mining area and a coal transporting ascending mountain of the mining area, wherein the ascending mountain of the track of the mining area is positioned in a rock stratum at the lower part of a coal bed at the left side, and the coal transporting ascending mountain of the mining area is positioned in the coal bed at the right side; excavating an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area from the top of the coal transporting of the mining area to the left along the trend, and respectively communicating the air inlet gallery of the front mining area and the coal transporting gallery of the front mining area; the connection roadway of the horizontal roadway of the mining area is driven upwards from the track of the mining area and is respectively connected with the air inlet horizontal roadway of the mining area and the coal transporting horizontal roadway of the mining area;
b. taking the upward mountain of the track of the front mining area as the upward mountain of the return air of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes in coal bodies from the coal transporting upward mountains to the left side and the right side of a front mining area, and performing coal body cracking pressure relief and gas pre-extraction;
d. constructing comb-shaped drilling holes from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the right rock stratum;
e. taking a harvesting roadway of a front mining area as a cutting hole of the mining area;
f. adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology to carry out working face stoping, and adopting a Y-shaped ventilation mode to carry out ventilation on the working face of the mining area;
g. in the stoping process of the working face of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for continuously extracting gas.
Preferably, the strike longwall face is arranged only on the left side in the mining area, and mining is performed sequentially from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the step b, a return air connecting roadway is tunneled from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the upper return air roadway to form the upper mountain of the return air of the mining area.
Preferably, in the step d, the comb-shaped drill hole comprises a comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section located in the coal seam and a comb-shaped drill hole vertical section which vertically extends to the coal seam from the comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section at intervals, and the comb-shaped drill hole is used for gas pre-extraction.
Preferably, in the step d, the density of the comb drilling constructed below the O-shaped slit ring is greater than that of the comb drilling constructed at other positions, and/or the density of the vertical section of the comb drilling constructed below the O-shaped slit ring is greater than that of the comb drilling constructed at other positions.
Preferably, in the step f, air is fed from an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area, and air is returned from the coal transporting gallery of the mining area along the gob-side entry retaining section.
Has the advantages that: 1. according to the invention, the longwall working face is arranged on the left side of the mining area, the coal pillars on the upper mountain of the mining area of the front mining area are directly arranged in the working face of the rear mining area, and the gob-side entry retaining is adopted, so that the non-coal pillar mining of the whole mining area is realized, and the rock burst caused by stress concentration formed by the retained coal pillars is avoided.
2. The method utilizes the coal-transporting upward construction pre-splitting extraction bedding drill hole arranged in the coal seam in the front mining area to perform coal body pre-splitting, gas pre-extraction and rock burst prevention before mining; meanwhile, the rail is arranged in the rock stratum of the coal seam bottom plate, and the comb-shaped drilling holes are used for full-stage gas extraction (before mining, during mining and after mining), so that the danger of rock burst, gas explosion and poisoning of the working face can be solved, and the danger of gas explosion and fire hazard of a goaf can be solved.
3. The invention can realize the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas, and can greatly improve the control effect of gas and the recovery rate of coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a stope pillar-free mining method for the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of stoping of a coal pillar-free mining method for a mining area for comprehensive control of rock burst and gas in the invention;
in the figure: a main transportation lane 1, a main return air lane 2, a return air connection lane 3, a pre-splitting extraction bedding drill hole 4, a comb-shaped drill hole 5, a comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section 51 and a comb-shaped drill hole vertical section 52;
front mining area track climbing F1, front mining area coal conveying climbing F2, front mining area gallery connecting lane F3, front mining area air inlet gallery F4, front mining area coal conveying gallery F5, front mining area working lane F6 and front mining area goaf F7;
the method comprises the following steps of ascending the track of the mining area B1, ascending the coal transporting roadway of the mining area B2, connecting roadway B3 of the mining area gallery, air intake roadway B4 of the mining area, coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area, cutting hole B6 of the mining area, working face B7 of the mining area, mining area B8 of the mining area and gob-side entry retaining section B9 of the coal transporting roadway of the mining area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for mining without pillars in a mining area for comprehensive control of rock burst and gas comprises the following steps:
a. the main haulage roadway 1 is upwards excavated along a trend to enter and exit a track upper mountain B1 of the mining area and a coal transporting upper mountain B2 of the mining area, the track upper mountain B1 of the mining area is positioned in stable sandstone of about 15m at the left part of the lower part of a coal bed, the coal transporting upper mountain B2 of the mining area is positioned in the coal bed at the right part, and the horizontal distance between the two is 30 m; the utilization rate of the track ascending is high, the track ascending is used for bearing the work of drainage, waste rock discharge, material transportation and the like, the track ascending is arranged in a rock stratum, the maintenance is facilitated, the transport ascending is mainly used for bearing the coal transportation work, the influence of other production processes is small, namely, a roadway is small in disturbance and can be arranged in a coal seam, the construction progress is improved, and the mining area can be favorably and quickly enter a production stage;
the coal transporting uphill B2 of the mining area goes into and out of an air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery B5 of the mining area along the left direction, and is respectively communicated with an air inlet gallery F4 of a front mining area and a coal transporting gallery F5 of the front mining area to form a working face B7 of the mining area, the air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area is located on the upper side of the inclination and is close to an air return uphill 2, and the air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and the coal transporting gallery B5 of the mining area are both arranged in a coal seam; 4 working faces are designed in the mining area in the same way, the width of each working face is about 200m, and the propelling length is about 1000 m;
a roadway connection roadway B3 of the mining area is dug into the upper left of the upper mountain B1 of the track of the mining area in an inclined manner to connect the air inlet roadway B4 of the mining area and the coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area;
b. the front mining area on the left side and the main mining area on the right side adopt the same roadway arrangement, gas extraction and coal body extraction modes; tunneling a return air connecting lane 3 to a return air main lane 2 upwards from the upper end part of the front mining area track climbing F1 to form the return air climbing of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 from a coal transporting upward mountain F2 of a front mining area to coal bodies on the left side and the right side, firstly fracturing the coal bodies to be recovered through the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 to form a gas migration channel, simultaneously relieving pressure after fracturing the coal bodies to have a prevention and control effect on impact ground, and then performing gas pre-extraction by utilizing the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 (only the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 are indicated in the second working face of the mining area in the figures 1-2), and transporting extracted gas from a return air upward mountain of the mining area to the ground through a gas extraction pipeline;
bedding drilling is a gas drilling construction mode known in the field, the whole drilling is arranged in a coal seam, drilling is carried out along the coal seam, a gas migration channel is formed by fracturing a coal body after drilling construction is finished, and then gas extraction is carried out; the long drilling hole is adopted to construct along the working face, so that the moving times of the drilling machine can be reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved; the construction quantity, the interval and the pre-splitting pressure of bedding drilling holes can be comprehensively determined according to the gas inventory, the gas adsorption strength, the gas extraction radius and the like;
d. constructing a comb-shaped drilling hole 5 from the upward F1 of a track of a front mining area to the right, wherein the comb-shaped drilling hole 5 comprises a comb-shaped drilling hole horizontal section 51 positioned in a rock layer and a comb-shaped drilling hole vertical section 52 vertically extending upwards to the coal layer at intervals from the comb-shaped drilling hole horizontal section 51, gas pre-extraction is carried out by utilizing the comb-shaped drilling hole (the comb-shaped drilling hole 5 is only indicated in a third working face in the figure 1-2), and extracted gas is transported from the return air upward of the mining area to the ground through a gas extraction pipeline; when the comb-shaped drilling hole is constructed, the horizontal section can be constructed in parallel to the coal bed; wherein the construction density of the comb-shaped drilling holes 5 below the O-shaped slit ring is higher than that of other positions, and/or the construction density of the comb-shaped drilling hole vertical sections 52 below the O-shaped slit ring is higher than that of other positions.
The comb-shaped drilling hole is a newly emerging gas extraction drilling hole arrangement form in recent years, is a special form of directional drilling hole, and is large in disturbance on the hole wall of the drilling hole at a turning position during directional drilling construction and easy to collapse, so that the comb-shaped drilling hole, particularly a horizontal section (a main hole section) of the comb-shaped drilling hole needs to be constructed in a stable rock stratum, and the comb-shaped drilling hole is selected and matched with a construction position by comprehensively considering the maintenance requirement of going up a mountain, the construction requirement of the gas extraction drilling hole and an extraction process;
bedding drilling is a common drilling arrangement mode for gas extraction, and has the advantages of high construction speed, high efficiency and good early treatment effect; however, the existing adsorbability of gas in a coal seam in China is strong, the gas is influenced by the construction quality of a drill hole, the gas pre-extraction amount of the forward-stage drilled hole is limited, when a working face is mined, a coal body is greatly disturbed by mining, a large number of cracks develop and are communicated, so that a large amount of gas is emitted, and the forward-stage drilled hole is difficult to play a role in the mining process of the working face.
e. The left side of the mining area is only provided with a strike long wall working face, and mining is carried out sequentially from top to bottom; performing gob-side entry retaining (inclined along a goaf F7 of the front mining area) at a receiving position of the front mining area, reserving a receiving entry F6 of the front mining area as a cutting hole B6 of the next mining area, namely the current mining area, and directly moving coal mining equipment (such as a coal mining machine, a hydraulic support, a scraper conveying and receiving machine, a crusher, a reversed loader and the like) positioned in the last (namely the lowest) working face of the front mining area into the cutting hole of the first (namely the uppermost) working face of the current mining area through the receiving entry F6 of the front mining area;
f. stoping the working face B7 of the mining area, and adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology (along the trend of the mining area gob B8), namely using the coal conveying roadway of the previous working face as the air inlet roadway of the next working face; meanwhile, ventilation of a working face B7 of the mining area is carried out in a Y-shaped ventilation mode, namely air is fed from an air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery B5 of the mining area, and air returns from the coal transporting gallery of the mining area along a gob-side entry retaining section B9;
wherein, the coal transportation line specifically is: from the coal mining position, the coal transporting level way B5, the coal transporting mountain B2 and the transportation main lane 1 pass through the mining area; the pedestrian route is to reach the coal mining position through a main haulage roadway 1, a track climbing B1 of the mining area, a gallery connecting roadway B3 of the mining area and an air intake gallery B4 of the mining area.
The ventilation circuit specifically is: fresh air enters a coal mining position through a main transportation roadway 1, a track ascending B1 of the mining area, a roadway connection roadway B3 of the mining area, an air inlet roadway B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area to become ventilation air, and then the ventilation air is discharged through a gob-side entry retaining section B9 of the coal transporting roadway of the mining area, a roadway connection roadway F3 of the front mining area, a return air ascending (comprising a track ascending F1 of the front mining area and a return air connection roadway 3) of the mining area and a return air main roadway 2; meanwhile, an air door is arranged in the roadway to guide an air flow line.
Through the arrangement of the mining areas and the working faces in the mining areas in the steps a-b and f, the coal pillar-free mining of the whole mining area can be realized, namely, the coal pillars on the mountains of the mining area and the section coal pillars between the working faces in the prior art are cancelled, the coal pillar-free mining of the whole mining area is realized, and the phenomenon that the reserved coal pillars form stress concentration and further rock burst is generated is avoided.
g. In the stoping process of the working face B7 of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes 5 are used for continuously extracting gas, so that not only can the coal body to be mined be pre-extracted, but also the gas in the goaf can be extracted simultaneously, and the fire is effectively prevented and extinguished; and the extracted gas is transported to the ground from the local mining area by returning air to the mountain through a gas extraction pipeline.
Claims (6)
1. A stope pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing rock burst and gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. tunneling the upper mountain of the track of the mining area and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area, wherein the upper mountain of the track of the mining area is positioned in the rock stratum at the lower part of the coal seam on the left side, and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area is positioned in the coal seam on the right side; excavating an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area from the top of the coal transporting of the mining area to the left along the trend, and respectively communicating the air inlet gallery of the front mining area and the coal transporting gallery of the front mining area; the connection roadway of the horizontal roadway of the mining area is driven upwards from the track of the mining area and is respectively connected with the air inlet horizontal roadway of the mining area and the coal transporting horizontal roadway of the mining area;
b. taking the upward mountain of the track of the front mining area as the upward mountain of the return air of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes in coal bodies from the coal transporting upward mountains to the left side and the right side of a front mining area, and performing coal body cracking pressure relief and gas pre-extraction;
d. constructing comb-shaped drilling holes from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the right rock stratum;
e. taking a harvesting roadway of a front mining area as a cutting hole of the mining area;
f. adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology to carry out working face stoping, and adopting a Y-shaped ventilation mode to carry out ventilation on the working face of the mining area;
g. and in the stoping process of the working face of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for continuously extracting gas.
2. The stope pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein only the left side in the stope is provided with a strike longwall face, and mining is performed sequentially from top to bottom.
3. The mining method without the coal pillars in the mining area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step b, a return air connecting roadway is tunneled from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the upper return air main roadway to form the upper return air mountain of the mining area.
4. The mining area coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step d, the comb-shaped drill hole comprises a comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section located in the rock stratum and a comb-shaped drill hole vertical section vertically extending upwards to the coal stratum at intervals from the comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section, and the comb-shaped drill hole is used for gas pre-extraction.
5. The method for extraction without coal pillars in the mining area according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the step d, the comb-shaped drilling holes are constructed under the O-shaped slit ring more densely than at other positions, and/or the vertical sections of the comb-shaped drilling holes are constructed under the O-shaped slit ring more densely than at other positions.
6. The mining method without coal pillars in the mining area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step f, the Y-shaped ventilation mode is air intake from an air intake gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area, and air return is performed from the coal transporting gallery of the mining area along the gob-side entry retaining section.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210694884.XA CN114961728B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas |
| ZA2023/04365A ZA202304365B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2023-04-12 | Mining method without coal pillar in mining area for comprehensive prevention and control of rock burst and gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210694884.XA CN114961728B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas |
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| CN114961728A true CN114961728A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| CN114961728B CN114961728B (en) | 2022-12-13 |
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| ZA (1) | ZA202304365B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116971817A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 太原理工大学 | High-gas working face ventilation method for alternately entering and returning air in gallery |
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| CN107725053A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 山东科技大学 | Lane is reserved for one's own use without pillar mining method suitable for the exploiting field of gently inclined seam |
| CN109798116A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Realize double-vane arrangement working face exploiting field or zone entirely without coal column method |
| CN111255456A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Mine advancing type filling roadway mining method |
| CN114592866A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-07 | 太原理工大学 | Residual coal resource mining area full mining method with paste partially filled |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116971817A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 太原理工大学 | High-gas working face ventilation method for alternately entering and returning air in gallery |
| CN116971817B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-12 | 太原理工大学 | High-gas working face ventilation method for alternately entering and returning air in gallery |
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| CN114961728B (en) | 2022-12-13 |
| ZA202304365B (en) | 2023-11-29 |
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