CN114940711B - 载脂蛋白a-i模拟肽及其应用 - Google Patents
载脂蛋白a-i模拟肽及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种载脂蛋白A‑I模拟肽及其应用,其通式为[X1‑X2‑X3‑X4‑X5‑X6‑X7‑X8‑X9‑X10‑X11]n。该载脂蛋白A‑I模拟肽能够模拟载脂蛋白A‑I的螺旋结构和两亲性特性,从而与磷脂进行自组装形成脂蛋白,而且可以在序列通式的基础上通过改变氨基酸的个数即改变n的大小,从而改变肽段的大小,进而改变其所制备的药物递送载体例如纳米磷脂盘的尺寸粒径,从而更便捷地实现载体的尺寸可调节化,最终满足不同应用的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分子生物技术领域,特别是涉及一种载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽及其应用。
背景技术
脂蛋白是由主要来源于肝脏和肠道的脂质和特定蛋白质组装形成的,主要参与全身疏水性脂质的运输。根据密度大小,脂蛋白可分为乳糜微粒(CM)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、中间密度脂蛋白(IDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)。其中,HDL能将组织中的胆固醇转运到肝脏进行分解代谢,被称为“血管清道夫”。高密度脂蛋白在代谢过程中,主要以两种不同的形态存在:a.初生盘状颗粒,是由具有双分子层结构的脂质和蛋白质包裹形成的盘状结构;b.球状颗粒,其核心组成为固醇酯和甘油三酯,表面则由磷脂、胆固醇和载脂蛋白组成。卵磷脂胆固醇乙酰转移酶(LCAT)能将HDL的初生盘状颗粒转化为含有胆固醇核心的成熟球状颗粒。
载脂蛋白A-I(ApoA-I)是HDL的主要蛋白质,由243个氨基酸残基组成,包括N端1~43氨基酸残基形成柔性区域和N端的10个两亲性α螺旋。其中,每11个氨基酸残基可形成三圈完整的α螺旋,即α螺旋每圈周期为3.67个氨基酸残基。若两个含有11个氨基酸残基的α螺旋(11-mer)串联形成11-mer/22-mer,两个11-mer之间的极性和非极性面之间的扭曲度小于或等于20°。因此,11-mer/22mer形成的两亲性α螺旋比22个氨基酸残基更长。若将ApoA-IN端的43个氨基酸残基切除形成ApoA-I(△1-43),其与全长的ApoA-I具有相似的脂质结合能力。ApoA-I的特殊两亲性α螺旋结构,是其能结合转运脂质的结构基础。研究表明,ApoA-I在炎症、血管生成、肿瘤生长、侵袭和转移中发挥着重要的作用。
纳米磷脂盘(nanodiscs)是一种由膜骨架蛋白(MSP)和磷脂组成的盘状结构。其中,MSP是一种模拟ApoA-I的具有两亲性的蛋白。ApoA-I模拟肽包括:a.截取apoA-I某些片段的长肽,如ApoA-I(△1-43)(200AA),MSP1D1(189AA),MSP1D1E3(255AA)等;b.短肽,如5A(37AA),22A(22AA),4F(18AA)等。由于纳米磷脂盘类似于细胞膜的天然磷脂双分子层,纳米磷脂盘在膜蛋白结构和功能的研究中可作为小分子蛋白模拟细胞膜对目标蛋白的亲和性。同时,纳米磷脂盘具有较高的极性、单分散性、稳定性和生物相容性,以及半衰期长等优点,可通过设计选择性靶向,作为基因药物、疏水性药物和靶向治疗药物等药物的递送载体。
但是,传统的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽用于制备药物递送载体时,无法方便地调整药物递送载体的尺寸粒径,难以满足不同体系对载体的需求。
发明内容
基于此,有必要提供一种便于调整所制备载体的尺寸粒径的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽。
一种载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,其通式为:
[X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11]n;
其中,X1、X4和X8每次出现时分别独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr和Val中的一种;
X2、X3、X5和X7每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
X6每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Cys中的一种;
X9每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Gly中的一种;
X10每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln、Cys、Pro和Gly中的一种;
X11每次出现时独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr、Val、Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
2≤n≤40且为整数。
在其中一个实施例中,X1、X4和X8为Leu,X2和X3每次出现时分别独立地选自Asp和Glu中的一种,X5和X7每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His和Lys中的一种,X6每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser和Cys中的一种,X9每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、Lys、His、Ser和Gly中的一种,X10每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Cys、Pro和Gly中的一种,X11每次出现时分别独立地选自His、Lys、Leu和Trp中的一种。
在其中一个实施例中,X1为Leu,X2为Glu,X3为Glu,X4为Leu,X5为Arg,X6为Glu,X7为Lys,X8为Leu,X9每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg或Ser,X10每次出现时分别独立地选自Glu或Pro,X11每次出现时分别独立地选自Lys、Leu和Trp中的一种。
在其中一个实施例中,2≤n≤6。
在其中一个实施例中,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1~60中的任一种所示。
本发明还提供了一种核酸分子,其编码如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,或与编码如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的核苷酸序列反向互补。
本发明还提供了一种重组载体,所述重组载体含有如上所述的核酸分子的核苷酸序列。
本发明还提供了一种宿主细胞,其基因组中掺有如上所述的核酸分子。
本发明还提供了如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽、核酸分子、重组载体或宿主细胞在制备药物递送载体中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种脂类分子递送载体,其包括一种或多种如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,以及磷脂。
本发明还提供了一种药物复合物,其包括如上所述的脂类分子递送载体以及其所运载的药物。
本发明筛选构建了一种载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,其通式为[X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11]n。该载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽能够模拟载脂蛋白A-I的螺旋结构和两亲性特性,从而与磷脂进行自组装形成脂蛋白,而且可以在序列通式的基础上通过改变氨基酸的个数即改变n的大小,从而改变肽段的大小,进而改变其所制备的药物递送载体例如纳米磷脂盘的尺寸粒径,从而更便捷地实现载体的尺寸可调节化,最终满足不同体系对载体的需求,对心血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤等疾病的治疗和疫苗制备等方面具有重大的贡献。
附图说明
图1为形成α-螺旋的多肽与磷脂相互作用原理图;
图2为理论的纳米盘的直径变化示意图;
图3为形成纳米盘直径与磷脂和多肽的摩尔比之间的关系;
图4为本发明的部分实施例的纳米盘电镜照片;
图5为本发明一实施例的模拟肽在制备0天后和制备8周后的纳米盘电镜照片;
图6为本发明不同实施例的模拟肽形成的纳米盘对细胞摄取情况的影响。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述,并给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
相关术语
“载体(vector)”是指可将多聚核苷酸插入其中的一种核酸运载工具。当载体能使插入的多核苷酸编码的蛋白获得表达时,载体称为表达载体。载体可以通过转化,转导或者转染导入宿主细胞,使其携带的遗传物质元件在宿主细胞中获得表达。载体是本领域技术人员公知的,包括但不限于:质粒;噬菌粒;柯斯质粒;人工染色体,例如酵母人工染色体(YAC)、细菌人工染色体(BAC)或P1来源的人工染色体(PAC);噬菌体如λ噬菌体或M13噬菌体及动物病毒等。可用作载体的动物病毒包括但不限于,逆转录酶病毒(包括慢病毒)、腺病毒、腺相关病毒、疱疹病毒(如单纯疱疹病毒)、痘病毒、杆状病毒、乳头瘤病毒、乳头多瘤空泡病毒(如SV40)。
“宿主细胞”是指可用于导入载体的细胞,其包括但不限于,如大肠杆菌或枯草菌等的原核细胞,如酵母细胞或曲霉菌等的真菌细胞,如S2果蝇细胞或Sf9等的昆虫细胞,或者如纤维原细胞、CHO细胞、COS细胞、NSO细胞、HeLa细胞、BHK细胞、HEK 293细胞或人细胞等的动物细胞。
本发明一实施例的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,其通式为:
[X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11]n;
其中,X1、X4和X8每次出现时分别独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr和Val中的一种;
X2、X3、X5和X7每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
X6每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Cys中的一种;
X9每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Gly中的一种;
X10每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln、Cys、Pro和Gly中的一种;
X11每次出现时独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr、Val、Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
2≤n≤40且为整数。
本发明筛选构建了一种载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,其通式为[X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11]n。该载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽能够模拟载脂蛋白A-I的螺旋结构和两亲性特性,从而与磷脂进行自组装形成脂蛋白,而且可以在序列通式的基础上通过改变氨基酸的个数即改变n的大小,从而改变肽段的大小,进而改变其所制备的药物递送载体例如纳米磷脂盘的尺寸粒径,从而更便捷地实现载体的尺寸可调节化,最终满足不同体系对载体的需求,对心血管疾病、糖尿病、肿瘤等疾病的治疗和疫苗制备等方面具有重大的贡献。
可以理解,上述载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的氨基酸序列中,对氨基酸的旋光性没有要求,各氨基酸均可独立地选自L-氨基酸型或D-氨基酸。
在一个具体示例中,X1、X4和X8为Leu,X2和X3每次出现时分别独立地选自Asp和Glu中的一种,X5和X7每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His和Lys中的一种,X6每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser和Cys中的一种,X9每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、Lys、His、Ser和Gly中的一种,X10每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Cys、Pro和Gly中的一种,X11每次出现时分别独立地选自His、Lys、Leu和Trp中的一种,如此通过调节模拟肽的总电荷以调节纳米盘获得更好的生物学效应。优选地,当X9为Gly时,则X10也为Gly。
在一个具体示例中,X1为Leu,X2为Glu,X3为Glu,X4为Leu,X5为Arg,X6为Glu,X7为Lys,X8为Leu,X9每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg或Ser,X10每次出现时分别独立地选自Glu或Pro,X11每次出现时分别独立地选自Lys、Leu和Trp中的一种。
在一个具体示例中,2≤n≤6,即肽段的长度为22~66个氨基酸。
在一个具体示例中,上述载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的氨基酸序列如下表的SEQ ID NO:1~60中的任一种所示,但不限于此。
本发明一实施例的核酸分子,其编码如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽即编码链,或与编码如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的核苷酸序列反向互补即反义链。
可以理解,由于密码子的简并性,能够表达同一小分子肽的核酸序列具有多种形式,相关领域技术人员可以通过密码子表确定核酸序列,并进一步进行密码子优化,提高表达效率等。
本发明一实施例的重组载体,其含有如上所述的核酸分子的核苷酸序列。
可选地,重组载体基于原核细胞表达载体或真核细胞表达载体构建得到,原核细胞表达载体如pBAD载体、pCAl-n/pCAl-pelB载体、pPOW3.0表达载体等,真核细胞表达载体如pCMVp-NEO-BAN载体、pEGFP表达载体、pEGFP-Actin表达载体、pSV2表达载体、CMV4表达载体等。但载体的类型并不限于此,可根据具体需要进行选择。
可以理解,载体还可包含基因工程中常用的调控元件,例如增强子、启动子等及其他表达控制元件(例如转录终止信号、或者多腺苷酸化信号和多聚U序列等)。
本发明一实施例的宿主细胞,其基因组中掺有如上所述的核酸分子。
可以理解,如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽、核酸分子、重组载体或宿主细胞均可应用于制备药物递送载体。可选地,上述药物递送载体为纳米磷脂盘,但药物递送载体的具体形态不限于此,可根据需要调整。
本发明一实施例的脂类分子递送载体,包括一种或多种如上所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,以及磷脂。
本发明一实施例的药物复合物,其包括如上所述的脂类分子递送载体以及其所运载的药物。可以理解,药物复合物还可以包括其他药学上可接受的辅料,例如稀释剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、崩解剂、抗氧剂、助悬剂、着色剂和赋形剂中的一种或多种。
本发明一实施例的上述载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的制备方法,可以通过人工合成该载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,或使用上述宿主细胞进行基因表达获得该载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽。
在一个具体示例中,载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的制备方法包括以下步骤:在适宜的条件下培养上述宿主细胞,收集培养液和/或宿主细胞的裂解液,然后进行分离纯化得到上述载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽的。
下面将结合具体实施例和附图对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述。
一、ApoA-I模拟肽通式的构建
ApoA-I(△1-43)的10个两亲性α螺旋(helix)的氨基酸序列如下表所示:
为了进行统计,本发明采用apoA-I(△1-45),其氨基酸序列如下表所示:
Helix 1* | LLDNWDSVTSTFSKLREQLGPV |
Helix 2* | TQEFWDNLEKETEGLRQEMSKD |
Helix 3* | LEEVKAKVQPY |
Helix 4* | LDDFQKKWQEEMELYRQKVEPL |
Helix 5* | RAELQEGARQKLHELQEKLSPL |
Helix 6* | GEEMRDRARAHVDALRTHLAPY |
Helix 7* | SDELRQRLAARLEALKENGGAR |
Helix 8* | LAEYHAKATEHLSTLSEKAKPA |
Helix 9* | LEDLRQGLLPV |
Helix 10* | LESFKVSFLSALEEYTKKLNTQ |
在Helix 1*~Helix 10*中,将单个螺旋序列编码为:
X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11-X12-X13-X14-X15-X16-X17-X18-X19-X20-X21-X22
则ApoA-I(△1-45)的具体氨基酸残基统计结果如下表所示:
根据apoA-I(△1-45)单个螺旋序列各位点主要氨基酸残基类型进行统计,获得其单个螺旋序列氨基酸残基类型通式如下:
ΦζζΦζζζΦζζζΦζζΦζζζΦζPΦ
其中,Φ为疏水性氨基酸,包括Ala(A)、Ile(I)、Leu(L)、Met(M)、Phe(F)、Trp(W)、Tyr(Y)、Val(V);ζ为亲水性氨基酸,包括Arg(R)、His(H)、Lys(K)、Asp(D)、Glu(E)、Ser(S)、Thr(T)、Asn(N)、Gln(Q)。
通过对上述公式进行进一步分析,如图1所示,根据形成α-螺旋的多肽与磷脂相互作用原理图,每11个氨基酸残基形成3个螺旋周期,即每圈含有3.67个氨基酸残基(每个氨基酸为98.19°)。其中,X1,、X4、X8、X12、X15、X19位于疏水区域,X2、X3、X6、X13、X14、X17位于亲水区域,X5、X7、X16、X18位于亲水区和疏水区交界面,X21通常为一个Pro(P),而X10与X21同一方向,X9与X20、X11与X22受到X10与X21的影响,为不规则的氨基酸残基。值得注意的是,疏水氨基酸残基以Leu(L)为常见,带负电氨基酸Asp(D)、Glu(E)通常定位于X2、X3、X6、X13、X14、X17,带正电氨基酸Arg(R)、His(H)、Lys(K)通常定位于X5、X7、X16、X18,且脯氨酸后一位通常为疏水氨基酸残基。在apoA-I(△1-45)Helix7*X19,X20出现两个Gly(G),这是因为甘氨酸没有侧链,G-G的氨基酸残基序与Pro(P)一样,可局部破坏螺旋结构,使相邻的螺旋片段可相对于彼此移动。此外,发明人还发现,X6、X10、X17由于其朝向原因,可对其进行功能化处理。据此,优化后得到以下通式:
[X1-X2-X3-X4-X5-X6-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11]n
其中,X1、X4和X8每次出现时分别独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr和Val中的一种;
X2、X3、X5和X7每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
X6每次出现时分别独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Cys中的一种;
X9每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln和Gly中的一种;
X10每次出现时独立地选自Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn、Gln、Cys、Pro和Gly中的一种;
X11每次出现时独立地选自Ala、Ile、Leu、Met、Phe、Trp、Tyr、Val、Arg、His、Lys、Asp、Glu、Ser、Thr、Asn和Gln中的一种;
2≤n≤40且为整数。
二、ApoA-I模拟肽的合成
本实施例中利用固相合成方法,以9-芴基甲氧基羰基(Fmoc)作为氨基酸侧链保护基,采用Wang树脂(4-苄氧基苄醇)从C端(羧基端)向N端(氨基端)合成多肽22[AA]、44[AA]2、66[AA]3、22[AB]、44[AB]2、66[AB]3、22[BB]、44[BB]2、66[BB]3、22[AC]、44[AC]2、66[AC]3、22[CC]、44[CC]2和66[CC]3(SEQ ID NO:1~15)。多肽的固相合成过程中,通过茚三酮检测法检测树脂上游离氨基来判断连接效率。如果溶液有兰色,或树脂出现兰色,红褐色,表明还有游离氨基,若为无色则说明连接完全。
固相合成完成之后,按照每克树脂10~15mL切割液(三氟乙酸:茴香硫醚:1,2-乙二硫醇:苯酚:水=87.5:5:2.5:2.5:2.5)在不断震荡条件下,脱出保护基并使多肽从树脂上切割下来。经过抽滤收集获取的多肽滤液用冰乙醚沉淀,并利用离心收集沉淀,最后真空抽干获得粗品。多肽粗品利用2695-2487HPLC(Water,美国)在有机相为40%~60%梯度下分离纯化20分钟(水相:0.1%TFA/H2O,有机相:0.1%TFA/CAN),最后冷冻干燥得到多肽粉末,并在-20℃下储存。其中,多肽的纯度利用ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6×250MM,5μm)的HPLC法测试,多肽的鉴别则利用ZQ电喷雾质谱(Water,美国)获取。结果如下:
22[AA](SEQ ID NO:1):M.W.2867.37,purity 98.16%;ESI-MS:m/z:1434.83[M+2H]2+,956.97[M+3H]3+;
44[AA]2(SEQ ID NO:2):M.W.5716.72,purity 98.13%;ESI-MS:m/z:1430.48[M+4H]4+,1144.51[M+5H]5+,953.90[M+6H]6+;
66[AA]3((SEQ ID NO:3):M.W.8566.07,purity 95.64%;ESI-MS:m/z:1715.35[M+5H]5+,1428.45[M+6H]6+,1224.72[M+7H]7+,1071.34[M+8H]8+;
22[AB](SEQ ID NO:4):M.W.2820.35,purity 99.65%;ESI-MS:m/z:941.24[M+3H]3+,705.92[M+4H]4+;
44[AB]2(SEQ ID NO:5):M.W.5622.69,purity 98.16%;ESI-MS:m/z:1406.49[M+4H]4+,1125.65[M+5H]5+,938.14[M+6H]6+,804.12[M+7H]7+,703.72[M+8H]8+,625.70[M+9H]9+;
66[AB]3(SEQ ID NO:6):M.W.8425.03,purity 96.57%;ESI-MS:m/z:1684.70[M+5H]5+,1405.00[M+6H]6+,1204.46[M+7H]7+,1054.45[M+8H]8+,936.91[M+9H]9+;
22[BB](SEQ ID NO:7):M.W.2773.34,purity 98.77%;ESI-MS:m/z:1387.63[M+2H]2+,925.46[M+3H]3+,694.14[M+4H]4+;
44[BB]2(SEQ ID NO:8):M.W.5528.67,purity 98.86%;ESI-MS:m/z:1382.98[M+4H]4+,1106.77[M+5H]5+,922.49[M+6H]6+,790.66[M+7H]7+,691.94[M+8H]8+;
66[BB]3(SEQ ID NO:9):M.W.8283.99,purity 99.01%;ESI-MS:m/z:1657.71[M+5H]5+,1381.30[M+6H]6+,1184.34[M+7H]7+,1036.56[M+8H]8+,921.32[M+9H]9+,829.47[M+10H]10+,754.05[M+11H]11+,691.29[M+12H]12+,638.12[M+13H]13+;
22[AC](SEQ ID NO:10):M.W.2824.30,purity 99.54%;ESI-MS:m/z:1413.20[M+2H]2+,942.64[M+3H]3+;
44[AC]2(SEQ ID NO:11):M.W.5630.58,purity 99.62%;ESI-MS:m/z:1409.87[M+4H]4+,1127.23[M+5H]5+;
66[AC]3(SEQ ID NO:12):M.W.8436.86,purity 99.15%;ESI-MS:m/z:1688.30[M+5H]5+,1408.08[M+6H]6+,1206.72[M+7H]7+,1055.67[M+8H]8+,938.92[M+9H]9+;
22[CC](SEQ ID NO:13):M.W.2781.23,purity 99.35%;ESI-MS:m/z:1391.06[M+2H]2+,928.17[M+3H]3+;
44[CC]2(SEQ ID NO:14):M.W.5544.44,purity 96.53%;ESI-MS:m/z:1849.97[M+3H]3+,1388.24[M+4H]4+,1109.94[M+5H]5+,924.71[M+6H]6+;
66[CC]3(SEQ ID NO:15):M.W.8307.66,purity 99.38%;ESI-MS:m/z:1662.44[M+5H]5+,1386.32[M+6H]6+,1187.65[M+7H]7+。
三、ApoA-I模拟肽的应用
目前已报道的模拟肽形成的纳米盘大小在6.3~20nm内,这些模拟肽无法通过改变氨基酸个数或串联重复来大幅调整纳米盘的尺寸。然而本发明的模拟肽可以通过简单的改变制备条件来精确获得6.9~110nm的不同尺寸。8周后电镜分析粒径没有显著变化(如图5所示),表明其稳定性良好。根据模拟肽的实验规律得出,通过调节多肽氨基酸残基个数以及多肽与磷脂的比例,可对纳米盘尺寸进行调节。对于α-螺旋,每个氨基酸残基贡献0.15nm,则可获得内直径为(Seq.length×0.15nm)/π,而多肽螺旋厚度对形成的纳米盘尺寸贡献约为1nm,因此理论上来说纳米盘的直径为(Seq.length×0.15nm)/π+1nm。同时,通过实例可证明,通过对本发明的模拟肽序列可以很便捷地进一步调节形成的纳米盘尺寸,如图2所示。
1、纳米盘的合成
首先,将溶解在氯仿(CHCl3)中的二肉豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱(DMPC)用氯仿干燥后,于真空干燥箱中放置超过4小时,然后溶解在含有胆酸钠的缓冲液(20mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5,100mM NaCl,0.5mM EDTA)中。将上述制备的各多肽溶液最后分别加入混合液中。DMPC、胆酸钠、多肽的比例根据自组装形成的纳米盘的不同而不同。然后将混合溶液在室温下孵育2小时。为了去除胆酸钠,按照每毫升自组装混合液加入0.5~0.8毫克的比例加入湿生物珠,并在室温下孵育3小时。最后,去除生物珠,并用分子排阻色谱柱(Superdex 200Increase 10/300GL,GE Healthcare)对自组装形成的纳米盘进行纯化。
2、纳米盘粒径分析
为了测试纳米盘的粒径,利用Nano-ZS90粒径仪(马尔文,英国)在室温下进行测试。结果显示(表1和图3),同序列的多肽,通过改变氨基酸个数,可以改变纳米盘的尺寸。同时,通过改变多肽与DMPC的比例,可以形成不同大小的纳米盘。因此,根据多肽序列公式,改变多肽序列长度,亦或调整多肽与DMPC的投料比,从而实现纳米盘的尺寸可控,最终满足不同体系对载体的需求。
表1不同多肽与DMPC自组装形成的纳米盘粒径变化(n=4)
3、纳米盘的亚显微结构
为了观察纳米盘的亚显微结构,利用Talos F200X(Thermo Fisher,美国)透射电镜获取。负染剂为2%NaPT。TEM结果如图4所示(比例尺为100nm),表明制备的纳米盘为盘状结构。
4、游离多肽以及纳米盘中的多肽的二维结构
为了比较多肽与DMPC自组装形成纳米盘前后二维结构变化,利用Chirascan(Applied Photophysics,英国)圆二色光谱仪测试获取。多肽的α-螺旋用公式%α-helix=(-[θ]222+3000)/(36000)×100计算获取,结果如表2所示。
表2多肽的α-螺旋百分比
5、分子动力学(MD)模拟
为了从原子层面获得纳米盘的微观演变过程,我们利用分子动力学模拟进行研究。根据多肽形成纳米盘所需氨基酸残基数,22AA和66AA以MSP1(400AA),44AA以MSP(△1-22)作为参照。相对于对照多肽,本模拟肽可使疏水残基完全埋藏于磷脂层内部,并通过序列中的碱性和酸性氨基酸形成更丰富的多肽链间的氢键和盐桥网络。此外,碱性氨基酸还与磷脂DMPC的磷酸基团形成紧密的氢键和盐桥网络,进一步稳定纳米盘的构象,这在对照多肽没有相关特征。因此本发明设计多肽形成的纳米盘与对照多肽相比,有明显优势。
6、多肽序列对细胞摄取的影响
为了获取不同多肽组成的纳米盘对细胞摄取情况的影响,利用CytoFLEX FlowCytometer(Beckman Coulter Ltd,USA),FITC通道测试HepG2和U87-MG细胞对66[AA]3-DiO、66[AB]3-DiO、66[BB]3-DiO、66[AC]3-DiO、66[CC]3-DiO摄取。其中,66[AA]3-DiO多肽和磷脂的摩尔比为1:15,其他为1:7.5,纳米盘和细胞共孵育时间为24h。结果如图6所示,A为HepG2细胞测试结果,B为U87-MG细胞测试结果,证明通过对多肽序列进行设计,在调整纳米盘的粒径的基础上在特定位点引入色氨酸突变,可以进一步调控细胞对纳米盘的摄取,以更好地满足不同应用的需求。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
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<110> 中山大学
深圳市麒御生物科技有限公司
<120> 载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽及其应用
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Leu Asp Asp Leu Arg Asp Lys Leu Arg Asp Lys Leu Asp Asp Leu Arg
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1 5 10 15
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Leu Asp Asp Leu His Lys His Leu His Lys His Leu Asp Asp Leu His
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Claims (6)
1.一种载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1~15中的任一种所示。
2.一种核酸分子,其特征在于,其编码权利要求1所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽。
3.一种重组载体,其特征在于,所述重组载体含有权利要求2所述的核酸分子的核苷酸序列。
4.权利要求1所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽、权利要求2所述的核酸分子或权利要求3所述的重组载体在制备药物递送载体中的应用。
5.一种脂类分子递送载体,其特征在于,包括一种或多种权利要求1所述的载脂蛋白A-I模拟肽,以及磷脂。
6.一种药物复合物,其特征在于,包括权利要求5所述的脂类分子递送载体以及其所运载的药物。
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