CN114937850B - Electrochemical device and electronic device - Google Patents
Electrochemical device and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114937850B CN114937850B CN202210730989.6A CN202210730989A CN114937850B CN 114937850 B CN114937850 B CN 114937850B CN 202210730989 A CN202210730989 A CN 202210730989A CN 114937850 B CN114937850 B CN 114937850B
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- -1 carboxylate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N dimethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960004419 dimethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC=C FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 43
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 19
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNEJZXSYEGWZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Ni].[Fe] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Ni].[Fe] CNEJZXSYEGWZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrochemical device and an electronic device. The electrochemical device of the present invention comprises a separator and an electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising a carboxylate compound, the separator having a specific surface area of 0.1 to 0.3. The electrochemical device of the present invention has improved high-temperature cycle performance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical devices, and in particular, to an electrochemical device and an electronic device.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the important advantages of high voltage and high capacity, and has long cycle life and good safety performance, so that the lithium ion battery has wide application prospect in various aspects such as portable electronic equipment, electric automobiles, space technology, industry and the like.
The electrolyte is the 'blood' of the lithium battery, is one of four key raw materials of the lithium battery, is a carrier for ion transmission in the battery, plays a role in conducting lithium ions between the anode and the cathode, and has important influences on the energy density, specific capacity, working temperature range, cycle life, safety performance and the like of the lithium battery.
In order to develop a suitable high-performance electrolyte, suitable electrolyte additives are often added to the electrolyte, and commonly used electrolyte additives include boron-containing additives, organic phosphorus-based additives, carbonate-based additives, carboxylate-based additives, sulfur-containing additives, ionic liquid additives, and the like. However, the existing electrolyte additives are difficult to achieve the purpose of improving the high-temperature cycle of the battery through a simple formula and a few additives.
The specific surface area of the separator determines its ability to occlude the electrolyte and the diffusion path length of the substances in the electrolyte. In general, within a certain range, the larger the specific surface area of the separator, the larger the electrolyte occlusion degree, the more uniform the electrolyte contacted with the pole piece, the easier the substance diffusion and the better the film forming effect of the additive. However, if the specific surface area of the membrane is too large, the electrolyte is mainly adsorbed by the membrane, the mass exchange is blocked, the mass transfer process is blocked, and the long-cycle performance of the battery is deteriorated; if the specific surface area of the separator is too small, the electrolyte is unevenly distributed due to gravity, and the battery cycle performance is also affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical device and an electronic device, in which the high-temperature cycle performance of the electrochemical device is improved.
One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical device, and to achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an electrochemical device comprising a separator and an electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising a carboxylate compound, the separator having a specific surface area of 0.1 to 0.3.
According to the electrochemical device, the electrolyte adopts the carboxylate compound, and the high-temperature cycle performance of the prepared electrochemical device is improved through the adjustment of the specific surface area of the diaphragm.
In the present invention, the specific surface area of the separator is 0.1 to 0.3, for example, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, or the like.
In the present invention, the mass content of the carboxylate compound is 0.5% to 5%, for example 0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1％、1.1％、1.2％、1.3％、 1.4％、1.5％、1.6％、1.7％、1.8％、1.9％、2％、2.1％、2.2％、2.3％、2.4％、2.5％、 2.6％、2.7％、2.8％、2.9％、3％、3.1％、3.2％、3.3％、3.4％、3.5％、3.6％、3.7％、 3.8％、3.9％、4％、4.1％、4.2％、4.3％、4.4％、4.5％、4.6％、4.7％、4.8％、4.9％% or 5%, based on the mass of the electrolyte, and if the amount of the carboxylate compound is too small, less than 0.5%, the film forming effect is not obvious; if the amount of the carboxylic acid ester compound is too large, more than 5%, the circulation capacity may be lowered.
In the invention, the carboxylic ester compound comprises a compound shown in a formula (I):
Each R 1、R3、R4 is independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-12 hydrocarbyl; r 2 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups of C 1-12, and when substituted, the substituent is a halogen atom.
Preferably, the compound represented by the formula (I) comprises dimethyl fumarateMethyl methacrylateMaleic acid dimethyl ester1, 3-Hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylateVinyl methacrylateAny one or a mixture of two or more of them. The mixture is typically, but not limited to, a combination of two, three, four or five, for example, a mixture of dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, a mixture of dimethyl fumarate, dimethyl maleate, a mixture of dimethyl fumarate, 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, a mixture of dimethyl fumarate, vinyl methacrylate, dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, mixtures of dimethyl maleate, mixtures of dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, mixtures of vinyl methacrylates, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, mixtures of 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylates, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, a mixture of vinyl methacrylates, dimethyl maleate, 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, a mixture of vinyl methacrylates, a mixture of dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2 to 0.3.
In the present invention, the electrochemical device further comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material including lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide or lithium iron phosphate.
In the present invention, the metal ion content of the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 200ppm, for example 0.05 ppm、0.1ppm、0.2ppm、0.3ppm、0.4ppm、0.5ppm、0.6ppm、0.7ppm、0.8ppm、 0.9ppm、1ppm、2ppm、3ppm、4ppm、5ppm、6ppm、7ppm、8ppm、9ppm、 10ppm、20ppm、30ppm、40ppm、50ppm、60ppm、70ppm、80ppm、90ppm、 100ppm、110ppm、120ppm、130ppm、140ppm、150ppm、160ppm、170ppm、 180ppm、190ppm or 200ppm, etc.; if the metal ion content of the positive electrode is too low, less than 0.05ppm, it is difficult to measure, and if the metal ion content of the positive electrode is too high, more reaction with electrolyte additives is caused, and film forming effect is affected.
In the present invention, the metal contains any one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, cobalt, manganese and iron. The metal ion content of the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 200ppm, wherein ppm is a mass unit, and the metal ion content of the positive electrode is measured by the following measuring method: the electrolyte in the battery and the negative electrode active material layer are sampled for ICP test, and the denominator is calculated as the total mass of the battery, for example, the total metal ion content of nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron in the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 200ppm.
In the present invention, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material including a silicon oxide and/or graphite.
The electrochemical device of the present invention includes any device in which an electrochemical reaction occurs, and specific examples thereof include all kinds of primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, or capacitors. In particular, the electrochemical device is a lithium secondary battery, including a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device of the present invention is an electrochemical device including a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing metal ions, and a negative electrode having a negative electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing metal ions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including the electrochemical device according to one of the objects.
The electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a type such as a notebook computer, a pen-type computer, a mobile computer, an electronic book player, a portable telephone, a portable facsimile machine, a portable copier, a portable printer, a headset, a video recorder, a liquid crystal television, a portable cleaner, a portable CD, a mini-compact disc, a transceiver, an electronic organizer, a calculator, a memory card, a portable audio recorder, a radio, a backup power supply, a motor, an automobile, a motorcycle, a power assisted bicycle, a lighting fixture, a toy, a game machine, a clock, an electric tool, a flash, a camera, a household large-sized battery or a lithium ion capacitor, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The electrochemical device of the present invention has improved high-temperature cycle performance.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below through specific embodiments.
The various starting materials of the present invention are commercially available, or may be prepared according to methods conventional in the art, unless specifically indicated.
The electrochemical device of the present invention comprises a separator and an electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising a carboxylate compound, the separator having a specific surface area of 0.1 to 0.3.
In the present invention, the electrochemical device is a lithium ion battery, which is a primary lithium battery or a secondary lithium battery, comprising: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte.
The preparation method of the secondary lithium battery comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of an anode of LiNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2:
Mixing an anode active material (LiNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2), polyvinylidene fluoride serving as a binder, carbon nano tubes serving as a conductive agent and Super P according to a weight ratio of 97.2:1:0.8:1, adding N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and stirring under the action of a vacuum stirrer until the system is uniform and transparent to obtain anode slurry; uniformly coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil; air-drying the aluminum foil at room temperature, transferring to an oven for drying, and then cold-pressing and cutting to obtain a positive electrode (pole piece);
(2) Preparation of an anode of LiNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2:
Mixing an anode active material (LiNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), polyvinylidene fluoride serving as a binder and Super P serving as a conductive agent according to a weight ratio of 98:1:1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and stirring under the action of a vacuum stirrer until the system is uniform and transparent to obtain anode slurry; uniformly coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil; air-drying the aluminum foil at room temperature, transferring to an oven for drying, and then cold-pressing and cutting to obtain a positive electrode (pole piece);
(3) Preparation of LiFePO 4 anode:
Mixing a positive electrode active material (LiFePO 4), polyvinylidene fluoride serving as a binder and Super P serving as a conductive agent according to a weight ratio of 97:2:1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and stirring under the action of a vacuum stirrer until the system is uniform and transparent to obtain positive electrode slurry; uniformly coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil; air-drying the aluminum foil at room temperature, transferring to an oven for drying, and then cold-pressing and cutting to obtain a positive electrode (pole piece);
(4) Preparation of graphite cathode:
Mixing artificial graphite serving as a negative electrode active material, super P serving as a conductive agent, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) serving as a thickening agent and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) serving as a binder according to a mass ratio of 96:1:1:2, adding deionized water, and obtaining negative electrode slurry under the action of a vacuum stirrer; uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector copper foil; the copper foil is dried at room temperature, then transferred to an oven for drying, and subjected to cold pressing and slitting to obtain a negative electrode (a pole piece);
(5) Preparation of a silicon-oxygen negative electrode:
Mixing silicon oxide and artificial graphite according to a mass ratio of 1:9 to be used as a negative electrode active material, mixing SWCNT (single-walled carbon nano tube) serving as a conductive agent and polyacrylic acid (PAA) serving as a binder according to a mass ratio of 96:0.2:3.8, adding deionized water, and obtaining negative electrode slurry under the action of a vacuum stirrer; uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector copper foil; the copper foil is dried at room temperature, then transferred to an oven for drying, and subjected to cold pressing and slitting to obtain a negative electrode (a pole piece);
(6) Preparation of electrolyte:
Mixing battery grade Ethylene Carbonate (EC) and methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) according to a mass ratio of 3:7 in an argon atmosphere glove box with a water content of less than 10ppm to form an organic solvent, adding 14 weight percent of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6) based on the mass of the electrolyte, quantitatively adding other components according to the electrolyte composition described in the following table, and uniformly mixing until the total mass percent of the electrolyte is 100%, wherein the balance is the organic solvent; wherein FEC is fluoroethylene carbonate, DTD is ethylene sulfate, and VC is vinylene carbonate; the contents of the components in the table are weight percentages calculated based on the total weight of the electrolyte;
(7) Preparation of the separator:
A polypropylene film is used as a diaphragm;
(8) Preparation of secondary battery:
And taking a polypropylene film (PP) with the thickness of 12 mu m as a diaphragm, and sequentially laminating the positive electrode, the diaphragm and the negative electrode, so that the diaphragm is positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to play a role of isolation. And then coating an aluminum plastic film, transferring the aluminum plastic film into a vacuum oven, drying at 120 ℃, injecting the prepared electrolyte, sealing, and performing electrolytic solution to obtain the soft-packaged battery (namely the lithium ion battery) with the capacity of 1 Ah.
In the examples of the present invention, the following five compounds represented by the formula (I) were used, wherein compound 1 was methyl methacrylate, compound 2 was dimethyl fumarate, compound 3 was dimethyl maleate, compound 4 was 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, and compound 5 was vinyl methacrylate.
The secondary battery of the present invention can be tested by the following method:
(1) 80% of turns are circulated at high temperature
In an oven with the temperature of 45 ℃, carrying out cyclic charge and discharge in a designated potential interval by using a current of 1C, recording the discharge capacity of each circle, and ending the test when the battery capacity reaches 80% of the first circle capacity.
The cut-off voltage of charge and discharge is specifically as follows:
When the anode is LiNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2, the charge-discharge voltage range is 2.8-4.35V; when the anode is LiNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, the charge-discharge voltage range is 2.8-4.25V; when the anode is LiFePO 4, the charging and discharging voltage range is 2.5-3.65V.
(2) Determination of specific surface area of separator
Specific surface areas of the separators were measured using AUTOSOBE MP manufactured by Yuasa-ionics, inc., and the specific measurement method was as follows:
as the pretreatment, 1g of polyethylene powder was placed in a sample tube, and the sample was subjected to heating and degassing at 80℃and 0.01mmHg or less for 12 hours by a sample pretreatment apparatus. Subsequently, the specific surface area of the separator was measured according to the BET method using nitrogen as an adsorption gas at a measurement temperature of-196 ℃.
The positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte compositions of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are shown in table 1-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared by the above preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 1-2.
TABLE 1-1
Note that: "/" indicates no addition, and the same applies below.
TABLE 1-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 1 | 729 |
| Example 2 | 1377 |
| Example 3 | 1295 |
| Example 4 | 788 |
| Comparative example 1 | 528 |
| Comparative example 2 | 746 |
| Comparative example 3 | 672 |
As can be seen from the data in table 1-2, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, liNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 is adopted as the positive electrode, graphite is adopted as the negative electrode, and the carboxylate compound is added in the electrolyte, and when the carboxylate compound adopts compound 1 and the mass content is defined to be 1%, the specific surface area of the separator of examples 1 to 4 is 0.1 to 0.3, and the high-temperature cycle performance test result of the prepared lithium battery is better; the separator of comparative example 1 has a too small specific surface area and the separator of comparative example 2 has a too large specific surface area, which may deteriorate the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
Comparison of example 2 and comparative example 3 shows that the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery is reduced without adding the carboxylate compound in comparative example 3.
The positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte compositions of examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 4 to 5 of the present invention are shown in table 2-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared by the above preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 2-2.
TABLE 2-1
TABLE 2-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 5 | 914 |
| Example 1 | 1377 |
| Example 6 | 1193 |
| Example 7 | 1086 |
| Comparative example 4 | 828 |
| Comparative example 5 | 719 |
As can be seen from the data of table 2-2, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, when LiNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 is used as the positive electrode, graphite is used as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2, the electrolytes of examples 1 and 5 to 7 can make the high-temperature cycle performance of the prepared lithium battery better by adjusting the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) to 0.5% and especially the high-temperature cycle performance of the prepared lithium battery to 1% to 5%, the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 4 is too small, and the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 5 is too much, thereby lowering the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
Examples 8 to 11
The positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte compositions of examples 8 to 11 according to the present invention are different from those of example 1 in that the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 1 is compound 1, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 8 is compound 2, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 9 is compound 3, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 10 is compound 4, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 11 is compound 5, and the other components are the same as those of example 1.
The lithium ion battery was prepared by the preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 1 | 1377 |
| Example 8 | 1318 |
| Example 9 | 1334 |
| Example 10 | 1220 |
| Example 11 | 1263 |
| Comparative example 3 | 672 |
As can be seen from the data in table 3, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, when LiNi 0.55Co0.15Mn0.3O2 is used as the positive electrode, graphite is used as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2, the compounds represented by formula (I) in the electrolytes of example 1 and examples 8 to 11 are the five different carboxylic acid ester compounds, and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery prepared by using the electrochemical device is significantly improved as compared with the lithium battery prepared by using the electrochemical device of comparative example 3 without adding any carboxylic acid ester compound.
The positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte compositions of examples 12 to 15 and comparative examples 6 to 7 of the present invention are shown in table 4-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared by the above-described preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 4-2.
TABLE 4-1
TABLE 4-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 12 | 757 |
| Example 13 | 1068 |
| Example 14 | 1231 |
| Example 15 | 775 |
| Comparative example 6 | 350 |
| Comparative example 7 | 514 |
As can be seen from the data in table 4-2, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, liNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 is adopted as the positive electrode, silicon oxide is adopted as the negative electrode, and the carboxylate compound is added in the electrolyte, and when the carboxylate compound adopts compound 1 and the mass content is defined to be 1%, the specific surface area of the separator of examples 12 to 15 is 0.1 to 0.3, and the high-temperature cycle performance test result of the prepared lithium battery is better; the separator of comparative example 6 has a too small specific surface area and the separator of comparative example 7 has a too large specific surface area, which results in a decrease in the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
The positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte compositions of examples 16 to 18 and comparative examples 8 to 9 of the present invention are shown in table 5-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared by the above-described preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 5-2.
TABLE 5-1
TABLE 5-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 16 | 814 |
| Example 13 | 1068 |
| Example 17 | 967 |
| Example 18 | 943 |
| Comparative example 8 | 806 |
| Comparative example 9 | 522 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 5-2, the electrochemical device of the present invention, using LiNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 as the positive electrode and silicon oxide as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator being 0.2, the electrolytes of examples 13 and 16 to 18 can make the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery better by adjusting the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) to 0.5% and especially the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery to 1% to 5%, the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 8 is too small, and the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 9 is too much, which results in a decrease in the high temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
Examples 19 to 22
The positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte compositions of examples 19 to 22 according to the present invention were different from those of example 13 in that the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 13 was compound 1, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 19 was compound 2, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 20 was compound 3, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 21 was compound 4, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 22 was compound 5, and the other components were the same as those of example 13.
Comparative example 10
This comparative example is different from example 13 in that the compound represented by the formula (I) is not added, and the reduced amount of the compound represented by the formula (I) is added to the organic solvent in the same manner as in example 13.
The lithium ion battery was prepared by the preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 6.
TABLE 6
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 13 | 1068 |
| Example 19 | 1115 |
| Example 20 | 1164 |
| Example 21 | 1308 |
| Example 22 | 1011 |
| Comparative example 10 | 703 |
As can be seen from the data in table 6, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, when LiNi 0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 is used as the positive electrode, silicon oxide is used as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2, the compounds represented by formula (I) in the electrolytes of examples 13 and 19 to 22 are each prepared using the five different carboxylic acid ester compounds, and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery prepared by the electrochemical device is significantly improved as compared with that prepared by the electrochemical device of comparative example 10 without adding any carboxylic acid ester compound.
The positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte compositions of examples 23 to 26 and comparative examples 11 to 12 of the present invention are shown in table 7-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared using the above-described preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 7-2.
TABLE 7-1
TABLE 7-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 23 | 665 |
| Example 24 | 1163 |
| Example 25 | 970 |
| Example 26 | 659 |
| Comparative example 11 | 463 |
| Comparative example 12 | 645 |
As can be seen from the data in table 7-2, the electrochemical device of the present invention adopts LiFePO 4 as the positive electrode and graphite as the negative electrode, and the carboxylate compound is added into the electrolyte, and when the carboxylate compound adopts compound 1 and the mass content is defined to be 1%, the specific surface area of the separator of examples 23 to 26 is 0.1 to 0.3, and the high-temperature cycle performance test result of the prepared lithium battery is better; the separator of comparative example 11 has a too small specific surface area and the separator of comparative example 12 has a too large specific surface area, which results in a decrease in the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
The positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte compositions of examples 27 to 29 and comparative examples 13 to 14 of the present invention are shown in table 8-1, and lithium ion batteries were prepared by the above-described preparation method, and the performance thereof was tested, and the test results are shown in table 8-2.
TABLE 8-1
TABLE 8-2
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 27 | 806 |
| Example 24 | 1163 |
| Example 28 | 835 |
| Example 29 | 789 |
| Comparative example 13 | 645 |
| Comparative example 14 | 793 |
As can be seen from the data in table 8-2, the electrochemical device of the present invention, using LiFePO 4 as the positive electrode and graphite as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator was 0.2, the electrolytes of examples 24 and 27 to 29 can make the high-temperature cycle performance of the prepared lithium battery better, especially the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery in the range of 1% to 5% by adjusting the amount of the compound represented by formula (I), the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 13 is too small, and the amount of the compound represented by formula (I) added in comparative example 14 is too much, thereby decreasing the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery.
Examples 30 to 33
The positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte compositions of examples 30 to 33 according to the present invention were different from those of example 24 in that the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 24 was compound 1, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 30 was compound 2, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 31 was compound 3, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 32 was compound 4, the compound represented by the formula (I) of example 33 was compound 5, and the other components were the same as those of example 24.
Comparative example 15
This comparative example differs from example 24 in that the compound of formula (I) was not added, and the reduced amount of the compound of formula (I) was added to the organic solvent in the same manner as in example 24.
The performance of the lithium ion battery prepared by the preparation method is tested, and the test results are shown in table 9.
TABLE 9
| 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 24 | 1163 |
| Example 30 | 1169 |
| Example 31 | 1209 |
| Example 32 | 1164 |
| Example 33 | 1018 |
| Comparative example 15 | 583 |
As can be seen from the data in table 9, in the electrochemical device of the present invention, when LiFePO 4 is used as the positive electrode, graphite is used as the negative electrode, and the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2, the compounds of formula (I) in the electrolytes of example 24 and examples 30 to 33 are the five different carboxylic acid ester compounds, and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium battery prepared by using the electrochemical device is significantly improved as compared with the lithium battery prepared by using the electrochemical device of comparative example 15 without adding any carboxylic acid ester compound.
The positive and negative electrodes, the electrolyte formulation and the separator of examples 34 to 37 were the same as those of example 24, except that the metal ion content of the positive electrode of example 24 was 0.05ppm, and the nickel-manganese-cobalt-iron mixed salts were added to examples 34 to 37 to adjust the metal ion contents of the positive electrodes to 50ppm, 100 ppm ppm, 200ppm and 250ppm, respectively (ppm is calculated based on the total weight of the battery).
The performance of the lithium ion battery prepared by the preparation method is tested, and the test results are shown in table 10.
Table 10
| Metal ion content (ppm) | 80% Of turns are circulated at high temperature | |
| Example 24 | 0.05 | 1163 |
| Example 34 | 50 | 961 |
| Example 35 | 100 | 956 |
| Example 36 | 200 | 833 |
| Example 37 | 250 | 520 |
As can be seen from the data in table 10, the electrochemical device of the present invention adopts LiFePO 4 as the positive electrode and graphite as the negative electrode, and the lithium battery has better high-temperature cycle performance when the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2 and the metal dissolution rate of the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 250ppm, especially when the metal dissolution rate of the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 200 ppm.
The detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be practiced depending on the detailed process equipment and process flow. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An electrochemical device comprising a separator and an electrolyte, characterized in that the electrolyte comprises a carboxylic acid ester compound, and the specific surface area of the separator is 0.2 to 0.3;
The electrochemical device further comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode;
The metal ion content of the positive electrode is 0.05ppm to 200ppm.
2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the mass content of the carboxylate compound is 0.5% to 5% based on the mass of the electrolytic solution.
3. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the carboxylate compound comprises a compound represented by formula (I):
Each R 1、R3、R4 is independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C 1-12 hydrocarbyl; r 2 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups of C 1-12, and when substituted, the substituent is a halogen atom.
4. The electrochemical device according to claim 3, wherein the compound represented by the formula (I) comprises any one or a mixture of two or more of dimethyl fumarate, methyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, 1, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, and vinyl methacrylate.
5. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode active material comprising a lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide or lithium iron phosphate.
6. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the metal comprises any one or a mixture of two or more of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and iron.
7. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises a negative electrode active material comprising a silicon oxygen compound and/or graphite.
8. An electronic device characterized by comprising the electrochemical device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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