CN114934190B - Top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing material - Google Patents
Top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114934190B CN114934190B CN202210519542.4A CN202210519542A CN114934190B CN 114934190 B CN114934190 B CN 114934190B CN 202210519542 A CN202210519542 A CN 202210519542A CN 114934190 B CN114934190 B CN 114934190B
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 428
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 426
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 426
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0002—Preliminary treatment
- C22B15/0004—Preliminary treatment without modification of the copper constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0039—Bath smelting or converting in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0056—Scrap treating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials, which comprises the following steps: classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, respectively preprocessing, and then respectively and uniformly mixing with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture; when the height of the top-blown smelting bath reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting bath, and after top-blown smelting, electric furnace clarification separation is carried out to obtain matte and slag. According to the invention, the aim of improving the cooperative treatment of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is fulfilled by reasonably controlling the smelting temperature, slag type, heat balance, matte grade and granularity of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property; the capability of the top-blown smelting treatment of copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties is obviously improved, the balance of production and marketing of intermediate materials produced by copper smelting is realized, the production cost is reduced, and the metal recovery rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials.
Background
Modern copper pyrometallurgy is developed into strong oxidation smelting, and a top-blown copper smelting method is an immersed oxygen-enriched top-blown molten pool smelting copper method, and a smelting system has the characteristics of high oxygen potential, high copper matte grade and high smelting strength, so that a large amount of intermediate bulk materials are produced in the pyrometallurgy process. Therefore, the copper smelting process has the common problem that copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties such as massive materials produced by a large number of pyrometallurgical systems, full-process self-produced intermediate materials and the like are difficult to effectively balance.
At present, for the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties, domestic smelting enterprises are directly returned to a smelting process or a blowing process of a copper pyrometallurgy process for recovery treatment, but in recent years, copper concentrate resources are diversified, impurity elements in the copper concentrate are enriched, so that lump materials produced in the pyrometallurgy process are increased, the components are complex, and residues produced in a wet process are increased. The enrichment of magnetic iron oxide and high-melting point oxide in smelting is aggravated when the material returns to the copper pyrometallurgy process, so that a series of problems such as increased energy consumption, difficult smelting discharge, large temperature system fluctuation, reduced operation load rate, uncontrolled production and the like are caused, and finally, the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is accumulated.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials, which aims to solve the problems that the enrichment of magnetic iron oxide and high-melting-point oxide is aggravated, the energy consumption is increased and the smelting emission is difficult when copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are treated in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials comprises the following steps:
Classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
respectively preprocessing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
Uniformly mixing the pretreated first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the pretreated second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material respectively to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture;
When the height of the top-blown smelting molten pool reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting molten pool, and top-blown smelting is carried out by controlling smelting temperature, slag type, matte grade, magnetic iron content and reaction time;
and then carrying out electric furnace clarification and separation to obtain matte and slag.
According to the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing materials, the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials comprise outsourcing matte with copper content of more than 40%, outsourcing copper matte, matte cladding and anode slag; the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material comprises converter splashes containing 5% -40% of copper, converter slag and middle block residues.
The top-blowing cooperative treatment method of the copper-containing material comprises the step of mixing the copper, converter slag, matte and unreacted silica into a mixture.
The top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing material comprises the following steps:
Respectively crushing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material by using a crusher;
And a drum screen for screening the materials with the particle size smaller than 15mm is additionally arranged in the crusher, and the crushed materials are screened to obtain the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials with uniform particle sizes.
According to the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing materials, the jaw crusher is adopted, and the tooth plate spacing of the jaw crusher is 10-35 mm.
According to the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing material, the first height is 1.1-1.7 m.
According to the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing materials, when the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blowing smelting molten pool, the adding amount of the first mixture is 8-16 t/h, and the adding amount of the second mixture is 5-13 t/h.
The top-blowing cooperative treatment method of the copper-containing material is characterized in that the smelting temperature is 1175-1195 ℃; the slag type is 0.70-0.90; the grade of the matte is 50% -58%; the content of the magnetic iron is 7.5% -12%; the reaction time is greater than 25 minutes.
According to the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for the copper-containing material, the content of the magnetic iron is controlled by regulating and controlling the iron-silicon ratio, the matte grade, the silicon-calcium ratio and the reducing atmosphere through smelting reaction.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials, which comprises the following steps: classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material; respectively preprocessing the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, and then respectively and uniformly mixing the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture; when the height of the top-blown smelting molten pool reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting molten pool, and after top-blown smelting, electric furnace clarification and separation are carried out to obtain matte and slag. According to the invention, the smelting temperature, slag type, heat balance, matte grade and granularity of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property are reasonably controlled, and the addition amount of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is adjusted in real time according to the fluctuation of the height of a top-blown smelting pool and the temperature of a melt, so that the aim of improving the cooperative treatment of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is fulfilled; the capability of processing copper-containing materials of non-copper concentrate properties by top-blown smelting is obviously improved, the balance of production and marketing of intermediate materials produced by copper smelting is realized, the production cost is reduced, and the metal recovery rate is improved; meanwhile, the treatment capacity of outsourcing cold matte is improved by 50%, and the range of top-blown smelting treatment of copper-containing materials is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a top-blowing co-processing method for copper-containing materials in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials, which aims to make the purposes, the technical scheme and the effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
At present, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties have high magnetic iron content, high oxygen content, high melting point oxide content, high harmful impurity elements and high energy consumption required by smelting, and are key reasons for the fact that the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties cannot be cooperatively treated. At present, domestic copper smelting enterprises are aimed at guaranteeing product quality, saving energy and reducing consumption, and preferentially consume copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrates which are easy to treat, such as low impurity elements, small quantity, small granularity and the like, and take out copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrates which are complex in components, large in granularity and high in energy consumption, or form dead materials which cannot be consumed in time. The sale or formation of a solid raw material of copper-containing materials other than copper concentrate properties is directly related to the metal recovery rate and the production benefit of smelting enterprises.
Because the granularity of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate properties is larger, even after crushing treatment, the effect is still poor, smelting and converting reactions are insufficient due to the larger granularity, a discharge outlet is bonded in the slag layer discharge process, the melt fluidity is poor, the discharge time is long, the discharge is difficult, a series of adverse effects such as pressure load production and the like are caused, and the effective treatment of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate properties is restricted.
In the smelting and converting processes, the retention time of the materials in the melt is less than 40min, the retention time of the materials in the furnace is short, the materials are difficult to completely melt and react, and the blocky materials sink to the position of a discharge port along with the stirring of a spray gun to block the discharge port during smelting and discharge, so that the discharge is difficult; in the blowing process, the reaction is insufficient to cause the unsatisfied blister copper components, so that the addition of copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties must be reduced in order to ensure the high-load production of smelting and the quality of blister copper products, and the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties cannot be treated in time and are accumulated.
In addition, copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are fed into a smelting furnace and blown to reduce the reaction temperature of a molten pool, the melting speed of the materials is low, in order to maintain the reaction heat balance of the molten pool, the smelting temperature is generally improved by adjusting the feeding amount of coal and fuel oil, but the fuel cost is increased, and the service life of a furnace brick refractory material is influenced by long-term high-temperature smelting.
In addition, along with diversification and low grade of copper concentrate resources, raw material components are characterized by low silicon content, high iron content, high magnesium content and high aluminum content, so that the characteristics of high magnetic iron and high melting point oxide in the copper smelting process are brought. The copper-containing material with the property of non-copper concentrate has higher magnetic iron and oxygen content, so that the enrichment of the magnetic iron in the pyrometallurgy process is aggravated, the supplementing of the flux has a certain effect on inhibiting the enrichment of the magnetic iron, but the supplementing of the flux has no obvious effect on controlling the pyrometallurgy of the magnetic iron after exceeding a certain amount, and negative influence is brought on the process.
Based on this, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a top-blowing co-processing method for copper-containing materials, comprising the steps of:
step S10: classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
step S20: respectively preprocessing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
step S30: uniformly mixing the pretreated first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the pretreated second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material respectively to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture;
Step S40: when the height of the top-blown smelting molten pool reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting molten pool, and top-blown smelting is carried out by controlling smelting temperature, slag type, matte grade, magnetic iron content and reaction time;
step S50: and then carrying out electric furnace clarification and separation to obtain matte and slag.
The top-blowing cooperative treatment method of the copper-containing material comprises the steps of carrying out pretreatment on a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material to control granularity, uniformly mixing the first mixture and the second mixture with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material respectively to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture, and then when the height of a top-blowing smelting pool reaches a certain height, mismatch the first mixture and the second mixture (when the first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is added, suspending the addition of the second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, when the second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is added, suspending the addition of the first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material) and adding the first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material into the top-blowing smelting pool, and finally controlling smelting temperature, slag balance, matte grade, magnetic iron content and other factors, and adjusting the addition quantity of the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in real time according to fluctuation of the height of the top-blowing smelting pool and melt temperature to achieve the aim of improving cooperative treatment of the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material; through verification, the capability of the top-blowing cooperative treatment method for treating copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties is obviously improved, so that the balance of production and marketing of intermediate materials produced by copper smelting is realized, the production cost of enterprises is saved to a certain extent, and the recovery rate of metals is improved; meanwhile, the processing capacity of outsourcing matte is improved by 50%, and the range of top-blown smelting copper-containing materials is widened. Meanwhile, due to the lack of current copper resources and the conditions of multiple copper raw material types and complex components, the synergistic processing capability of the copper-containing materials with the properties of the non-copper concentrate in the top-blown smelting is improved, so that the cost can be reduced, the efficiency can be improved, and the method is a favorable measure for coping with future copper resource changes.
In some embodiments, the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials of the first type comprise outsourced matte, outsourced copper matte, matte crust, anode slag with copper greater than 40% copper; the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material comprises converter splashes containing 5% -40% of copper, converter slag and middle block residues; and sampling and testing the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, and analyzing chemical components in the two non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials.
In some embodiments, when the first and second mixtures are mismatched to the top-blown molten bath, the first mixture is dosed at 8 to 16t/h and the second mixture is dosed at 5 to 13t/h.
In a preferred embodiment, the first mixture is added in an amount of 10 to 15t/h and the second mixture is added in an amount of 5 to 10t/h.
In some embodiments, the converter splash is a mixture of metallic copper, converter slag, matte, and unreacted silica.
In some embodiments, the preprocessing in step S20 includes the steps of:
Step S21: respectively crushing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material by using a crusher;
Step S22: and a drum screen for screening the materials with the particle size smaller than 15mm is additionally arranged in the crusher, and the crushed materials are screened to obtain the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials with uniform particle sizes.
In a preferred embodiment, the crusher is a jaw crusher, the jaw crusher having a toothed plate spacing of 10-35 mm.
The melting reaction speed of the material depends on the granularity of the material, the smelting temperature and the slag type; the experiment proves that: under a certain temperature condition, the smaller the granularity of the material is, the faster the melting is, and the material with the granularity smaller than 5mm can fully react in the slag layer to realize the separation of copper matte and slag; therefore, the copper-containing material to be treated with the granularity being larger than 20mm is crushed by adopting a jaw crusher, the crushed copper-containing material with the granularity being smaller than 20mm is screened, the material which can pass through the space of 15mm sieve is directly transported to a storage bin for storage, the material which cannot pass through the space of 15mm sieve is transported to a ring crusher for crushing treatment, and the crushed material is transported to the storage bin for storage for standby. The application improves the melting speed of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property by controlling the granularity of the material, so that smelting and converting reactions are sufficient, the capability of top-blowing smelting treatment of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is improved, and adverse effects of poor melt fluidity, long discharge time, difficult discharge, pressure load production and the like in the past are solved.
In some embodiments, the first height is 1.1m to 1.7m; when the height of the top-blown smelting bath is in the interval, the copper matte content is high, the oxygen potential is high, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties can be fully melted in a short time, and the phenomenon that the copper-containing materials react insufficiently due to too short residence time in the bath, so that the materials directly sink to a discharge port to block the discharge port, is avoided.
The higher the top-blown smelting temperature, the faster the bulk material melts, but it is uneconomical and not scientific to increase the material melting rate by increasing the smelting temperature. Therefore, in the embodiment, the smelting temperature is controlled between 1175 ℃ and 1195 ℃, then the material addition amount is adjusted according to the reaction temperature gradient of a molten pool, and when the abnormal fluctuation of the temperature of the molten pool exceeds 5 ℃, the material is added according to a certain gradient; and adjusting the addition amount of the secondary coal, and timely regulating and controlling the temperature of the molten pool so as to quickly allocate raw material components of the furnace when the temperature of the molten pool fluctuates, and stabilizing the temperature of the molten pool and stabilizing the heat balance of the reaction.
By way of illustration: when the temperature of the molten pool is reduced by 5 ℃, the copper-containing material of non-copper concentrate property is reduced and the dosage is 1t/h to 5t/h.
In some embodiments, the slag type is controlled between 0.7 and 0.9, and the slag type is controlled within the range, so that the control of the magnetic iron content of the melt is facilitated, and the melting speed of the bulk material is facilitated to be improved.
In some embodiments, the matte grade is 50% to 58%; the content of the magnetic iron is 7.5% -12%; the reaction time is more than 25min; when the content of the magnetic iron in the top-blown smelting reaction deviates, the content of the magnetic iron is stabilized by regulating and controlling the iron-silicon ratio, the matte grade, the silicon-calcium ratio and the reducing atmosphere through the smelting reaction, the content of the magnetic iron in the top-blown smelting reaction is stably controlled, and the addition of copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties is ensured. If the parameters (smelting temperature, slag type, matte grade, magnetic iron content, reaction time and molten pool height) deviate, insufficient reaction and difficult discharge are caused after the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property enters a furnace for reaction, so that the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property forms a solid material.
In some embodiments, the copper matte cladding and outsourcing copper matte in the copper-containing material of the first type of non-copper concentrate property are mainly a mixture of copper matte 2 S and FeS, the smelting slag type cannot be influenced in the top-blown smelting process, and the melting of the copper matte can be realized under the condition of ensuring the melting heat.
The following examples are further illustrative of the invention. It is also to be understood that the following examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations upon the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and variations will now occur to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Classifying and piling up according to the property and the composition of the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate, and sampling and testing the chemical compositions of the two types of substances; optimizing a material crushing and screening device and controlling the granularity of materials; the gradient proportion of copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties is explored by regulating and controlling the top-blowing smelting temperature, slag type, magnetic iron and production control parameters.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a top-blowing cooperative processing method for copper-containing materials includes the steps of:
The roller screen is additionally arranged in the material crushing system to screen, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are conveyed to the roller screen to screen after being crushed by the first-stage crusher, the pitch gap of the screen is 35mm, the oversize materials fall into the bottom from the tail of the roller screen and are conveyed to the second-stage crusher and are crushed by the third-stage crusher, the screening is circularly crushed for multiple times, meanwhile, the pitch of toothed plates of the crusher is reduced from 40mm to 35mm, the granularity of the crushed materials is lower than 35mm, the materials are guaranteed to fully react in a slag layer, and the separation of copper matte and slag is realized.
Selecting a copper-containing material which is not copper concentrate quality and is fed when the height of a top-blown smelting bath is between 1.1 and 1.4 m: the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material are alternately mixed (specifically, when the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is added, the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is suspended, and when the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is added, the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is suspended), so that the retention time of the copper-containing material in a molten pool is ensured to be enough, full reaction is carried out, and the substances are prevented from directly sinking to a discharge port.
Regulating and controlling top-blowing smelting production parameters: the temperature is 1175-1195 ℃, the magnetic iron content is 7.5-12%, the slag type is 0.70-0.9, and the matte grade is 50-58%.
In the embodiment, the actual production adjusts the material addition amount according to the change gradient of the parameters, and the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 1t/h when the temperature of a molten pool is reduced by 5 ℃; the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 2t/h when the slag exceeds the control range by 0.1; reducing the addition amount of copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrate by 2t/h when the magnetic iron content exceeds 1.0% of the control range, and simultaneously adopting lump coal with the granularity of 2-5 mm to replace pulverized coal for reduction; and the copper-bearing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 1t/h when the matte grade exceeds the control range by 2%.
In the embodiment, the control of the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property in an hour is realized by regulating and controlling the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property in an hour to reach 8t/h, and the control of the copper-containing material of the second type non-copper concentrate property in an hour to reach 6t/h, so that the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is ensured to be cooperatively treated, the annual treatment capacity of the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property in production practice reaches 3.5 ten thousand tons, and the annual treatment capacity of the copper-containing material of the second type non-copper concentrate property in production practice reaches 1.2 ten thousand tons.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a top-blowing cooperative processing method for copper-containing materials includes the steps of:
the roller screen is additionally arranged in the material crushing system to screen, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are conveyed to the roller screen to screen after being crushed by the first-stage crusher, the pitch gap of the screen is 20mm, the oversize materials fall into the bottom from the tail of the roller screen and are conveyed to the second-stage crusher and are crushed by the third-stage crusher, the screening is circularly crushed for multiple times, meanwhile, the pitch of toothed plates of the crusher is reduced from 40mm to 20mm, the granularity of the crushed materials is lower than 20mm, the materials are guaranteed to fully react in a slag layer, and the separation of copper matte and slag is realized.
Selecting a copper-containing material which is not copper concentrate quality and is fed when the height of a top-blown smelting bath is between 1.2 and 1.5 m: and alternately adding the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, so as to ensure that the copper-containing material stays in a molten pool for a sufficient time, and fully reacting to avoid substances from directly sinking to a discharge port.
Regulating and controlling top-blowing smelting production parameters: the temperature is 1175-1195 ℃, the magnetic iron content is 7.5-12%, the slag type is 0.70-0.9, and the matte grade is 50-58%.
In the embodiment, the actual production adjusts the material addition amount according to the change gradient of the parameters, and the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 2t/h when the temperature of a molten pool is reduced by 5 ℃; the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 4t/h when the slag exceeds the control range by 0.1; reducing the addition amount of copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrate by 4t/h when the magnetic iron content exceeds 1.0% of the control range, and simultaneously adopting lump coal with the granularity of 2-5 mm to replace pulverized coal for reduction; and the copper-bearing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 2t/h when the matte grade exceeds the control range by 2%.
In the embodiment, the control of the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property in an hour is realized by regulating and controlling the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property to be 10t/h, the control of the copper-containing material of the second type non-copper concentrate property in an hour is realized by regulating and controlling the copper-containing material of the second type non-copper concentrate property in an hour to be 9t/h, the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is ensured to be cooperatively treated, the annual treatment capacity of the copper-containing material of the first type non-copper concentrate property in production practice is 3.8 ten thousand tons, and the annual treatment capacity of the copper-containing material of the second type non-copper concentrate property in production practice is 1.6 ten thousand tons.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a top-blowing cooperative processing method for copper-containing materials includes the steps of:
The roller screen is additionally arranged in the material crushing system to screen, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are conveyed to the roller screen to screen after being crushed by the first-stage crusher, the pitch gap of the screen is 15mm, the oversize materials fall into the bottom from the tail of the roller screen and are conveyed to the second-stage crusher and are crushed by the third-stage crusher, the screening is circularly crushed for multiple times, meanwhile, the pitch of toothed plates of the crusher is reduced from 40mm to 15mm, the granularity of the crushed materials is lower than 15mm, the materials are guaranteed to fully react in a slag layer, and the separation of copper matte and slag is realized.
And (3) selecting to mix non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials when the height of the top-blown smelting bath is between 1.2 and 1.7m, and alternately mixing the first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials and the second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials, so that the residence time of the copper-containing materials in the bath is ensured to be enough, full reaction is carried out, and the substances are prevented from directly sinking to a discharge port.
Regulating and controlling top-blowing smelting production parameters: the temperature is 1175-1195 ℃, the magnetic iron content is 7.5-12%, the slag type is 0.70-0.9, and the matte grade is 50-58%.
In the embodiment, the actual production adjusts the material addition amount according to the change gradient of the parameters, and the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 3t/h when the temperature of a molten pool is reduced by 5 ℃; the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 6t/h when the slag exceeds the control range by 0.1; reducing the addition amount of copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrate by 6t/h when the magnetic iron content exceeds 1.0% of the control range, and simultaneously adopting lump coal with the granularity of 2-5 mm to replace pulverized coal for reduction; and the copper-bearing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 4t/h when the matte grade exceeds the control range by 2%.
In the embodiment, the control of the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in an hour dosage of 11t/h is realized through regulation and control, the control of the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in an hour dosage of 13t/h is realized, the synergistic treatment of the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is ensured, the annual treatment capacity of the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material reaches 4.2 ten thousand tons, and the annual treatment capacity of the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material reaches 1.7 ten thousand tons in production practice.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a top-blowing cooperative processing method for copper-containing materials includes the steps of:
The roller screen is additionally arranged in the material crushing system to screen, the copper-containing materials with non-copper concentrate properties are conveyed to the roller screen to screen after being crushed by the first-stage crusher, the pitch gap of the screen is 10mm, the oversize materials fall into the bottom from the tail of the roller screen and are conveyed to the second-stage crusher and are crushed by the third-stage crusher, the screening is circularly crushed for multiple times, meanwhile, the pitch of toothed plates of the crusher is reduced to 10mm from 40mm, the granularity of the crushed materials is lower than 10mm, the materials are guaranteed to fully react in a slag layer, and the separation of copper matte and slag is realized.
The copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is selected to be matched when the height of the top-blown smelting bath is between 1.2 and 1.7m, and the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property of the first type and the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property of the second type are alternately matched, so that the retention time of the copper-containing material in the bath is ensured to be enough, full reaction is carried out, and the substances are prevented from directly sinking to a discharge port.
Regulating and controlling top-blowing smelting production parameters: the temperature is 1175-1195 ℃, the magnetic iron is 7.5-12%, the slag type is 0.70-0.9, and the matte grade is 50-58%.
In the embodiment, the actual production adjusts the material addition amount according to the change gradient of the parameters, and the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 5t/h when the temperature of a molten pool is reduced by 5 ℃; the copper-containing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 6t/h when the slag exceeds the control range by 0.1; reducing the addition amount of copper-containing materials with the properties of non-copper concentrate by 8t/h when the magnetic iron content exceeds 1.0% of the control range, and simultaneously adopting lump coal with the granularity of 2-5 mm to replace pulverized coal for reduction; and the copper-bearing material of the non-copper concentrate property is reduced by 6t/h when the matte grade exceeds the control range by 2%.
In the embodiment, the control of the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in an hour dosage of 16t/h is realized through regulation and control, the control of the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in an hour dosage of 12t/h is realized, the synergistic treatment of the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is ensured, the annual treatment capacity of the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material in production practice is up to 4.8 ten thousand tons, and the annual treatment capacity of the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material is up to 1.9 ten thousand tons.
In summary, the present invention provides a top-blowing cooperative processing method for copper-containing materials, comprising the steps of: classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material; respectively preprocessing the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material, and then respectively and uniformly mixing the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture; when the height of the top-blown smelting molten pool reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting molten pool, and after top-blown smelting, electric furnace clarification and separation are carried out to obtain matte and slag. According to the invention, the smelting temperature, slag type, heat balance, matte grade and granularity of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property are reasonably controlled, and the addition amount of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is adjusted in real time according to the fluctuation of the height of a top-blown smelting pool and the temperature of a melt, so that the aim of improving the cooperative treatment of the copper-containing material with non-copper concentrate property is fulfilled; the capability of processing copper-containing materials of non-copper concentrate properties by top-blown smelting is obviously improved, the balance of production and marketing of intermediate materials produced by copper smelting is realized, the production cost is reduced, and the metal recovery rate is improved; meanwhile, the treatment capacity of outsourcing cold matte is improved by 50%, and the range of top-blown smelting treatment of copper-containing materials is widened.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A top-blowing cooperative treatment method for copper-containing materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Classifying the non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials to obtain a first type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and a second type non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
respectively preprocessing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material;
Uniformly mixing the pretreated first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the pretreated second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material with the copper concentrate property copper-containing material respectively to obtain a first mixture and a second mixture;
When the height of the top-blown smelting molten pool reaches a first height, the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting molten pool, and top-blown smelting is carried out by controlling smelting temperature, slag type, matte grade, magnetic iron content and reaction time;
then carrying out electric furnace clarification and separation to obtain matte and slag;
Wherein the first type of non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material comprises outsourced copper matte, copper matte cladding and anode slag, wherein the copper content of the outsourced copper matte is more than 40%; the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material comprises converter splashes containing 5% -40% of copper, converter slag and middle block residues;
The smelting temperature is 1175-1195 ℃; the slag type is 0.70-0.90; the grade of the matte is 50% -58%; the content of the magnetic iron is 7.5% -12%; the reaction time is more than 25min;
The pretreatment comprises the following steps:
Respectively crushing the first-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material and the second-class non-copper concentrate property copper-containing material by using a crusher;
And a drum screen for screening the materials with the particle size smaller than 15mm is additionally arranged in the crusher, and the crushed materials are screened to obtain the first non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials and the second non-copper concentrate property copper-containing materials with uniform particle sizes.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the converter splash is a mixture of metallic copper, converter slag, matte and unreacted silica.
3. The method for top-blowing co-processing of copper-containing materials according to claim 1, wherein the crusher adopts a jaw crusher, and the jaw crusher tooth plate spacing is 10-35 mm.
4. The method of co-processing copper-containing material according to claim 1, wherein the first height is 1.1m to 1.7m.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the first mixture and the second mixture are mismatched and added into the top-blown smelting bath, the addition amount of the first mixture is 8-16 t/h, and the addition amount of the second mixture is 5-13 t/h.
6. The top-blowing collaborative treatment method for copper-containing materials according to claim 1, wherein the content of magnetic iron is controlled by controlling iron-silicon ratio, matte grade, silicon-calcium ratio and reducing atmosphere through smelting reaction.
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