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CN114920628A - Continuous method for preparing dialkoxy methane compound by reactor series dehydration membrane - Google Patents

Continuous method for preparing dialkoxy methane compound by reactor series dehydration membrane Download PDF

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CN114920628A
CN114920628A CN202210324948.7A CN202210324948A CN114920628A CN 114920628 A CN114920628 A CN 114920628A CN 202210324948 A CN202210324948 A CN 202210324948A CN 114920628 A CN114920628 A CN 114920628A
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reaction
membrane
ionic liquid
series
dehydration
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CN114920628B (en
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邢瑾
杨海玉
姜鹏
杨海霞
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Qingdao Haopu Haicheng Mechanical Equipment Co ltd
Jiangxi Haopu Haicheng New Material Co ltd
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Qingdao Haopu Haicheng Mechanical Equipment Co ltd
Jiangxi Haopu Haicheng New Material Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07C41/48—Preparation of compounds having groups
    • C07C41/50—Preparation of compounds having groups by reactions producing groups
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J31/0279—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the cationic portion being acyclic or nitrogen being a substituent on a ring
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0281—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0281—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
    • B01J31/0282—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member of an aliphatic ring, e.g. morpholinium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0281—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
    • B01J31/0284—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member of an aromatic ring, e.g. pyridinium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
    • B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
    • B01J31/0285—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0274
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C41/48—Preparation of compounds having groups
    • C07C41/58—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous method for preparing a dialkoxy methane compound by dehydration membranes connected in series with reactors, which takes alcohol or alcohol ether and polyformaldehyde as reaction raw materials, takes self-made ionic liquid as a catalyst, enters the reactor for reaction after reaching a preset temperature through a preheater, and enters a membrane separation unit after the reaction is finished, wherein the membrane separation unit is formed by connecting a plurality of pervaporation membranes in series or in parallel. And (3) permeating moisture and unreacted raw materials in the raw materials from the upstream side of the membrane to the downstream side of the membrane through a pervaporation membrane, condensing reaction dehydrated water into a moisture receiving tank, reacting the dehydrated reaction liquid again through a preheater and a tubular reactor until the reaction conversion rate is 95%, and then feeding the dehydrated reaction liquid into a rectifying tower for product separation and purification, and rectifying to obtain the dialkoxymethane. The method has the advantages of continuous and stable operation, good process safety, long catalyst recycling life, high per pass conversion rate, good selectivity, green and environment-friendly production process and the like, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Continuous method for preparing dialkoxy methane compound by reactor series dehydration membrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of synthesis and preparation methods of fine chemical products, in particular to a continuous method for preparing a dialkoxy methane compound in an enhanced manner through a membrane reactor process under the catalysis of acidic ionic liquid.
Background
Dialkoxymethane Compound CH (OR') 2 The compound is a special aliphatic diether compound, two oxygen atoms of the compound are connected to the same carbon atom, the compound is colorless liquid with ether fragrance, the density and the viscosity are both lower than water, a lower compound is easy to dissolve in water, and a higher compound is almost insoluble; is stable to alkali and does not react with metallic sodium, but is easily decomposed into alcohol and aldehyde by inorganic acid in the presence of water. Because of good solubility and extremely low toxicity, the dialkoxymethane compound can be used as an excellent organic solvent in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, can also be used as an important intermediate for organic synthesis, and more importantly, can be used as an environment-friendly fuel additive to improve the combustion performance of oil products and effectively relieve the problem of environmental pollution caused by fuel oil. Therefore, the dialkoxymethane compounds have wide application prospects in the aspects of energy chemical industry and environmental protection.
The dialkoxymethylene compound is synthesized industrially mainly by aldol condensation method, which is formed by the reaction and condensation of alcohols or alcohol ether raw materials and formaldehyde under an acid catalyst, and has short reaction time and high yield, and dimethoxymethane and diethoxymethane are industrialized by the method.
The CN 110511124A patent reports a preparation method of bis (dimethoxyethoxy) methane, which adopts a solid acid catalyst and adopts formaldehyde and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as reactants to prepare products, wherein water-carrying agents such as toluene, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane are added. The continuous preparation of the product cannot be realized. The addition of the dehydrating agent not only increases the production cost, but also reduces the product purity. And the raw material alcohol or alcohol ether can be azeotroped with water,
CN 110183334A reports a new synthesis method of an alkoxymethyl amine compound, formaldehyde and alcohol are subjected to condensation reaction and dehydration under an acidic catalyst to obtain the alkoxymethyl amine compound, the method adopts inorganic acid and organic acid, the catalyst is dissolved in a system, the separation cost of the product at the later stage is increased, water generated in the reaction process is distilled out in a distillation mode, and the continuous production of the product cannot be realized.
CN 111423314A reports a method for synthesizing diethoxymethane by continuous heterogeneous tubular reaction, which adopts polystyrene sulfonic acid resin catalyst as a catalyst to realize continuous preparation of the product, but water generated in the reaction process can inhibit the reaction, the conversion per pass is low, the boiling point of raw materials and water is close to each other by a method of distilling water in the later period, the requirement on a distillation tower is high, and the energy consumption in the product purification process is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a continuous method for preparing a dialkoxy methane compound by a reactor series dehydration membrane, which takes self-made ionic acid liquid as a catalyst, raw material alcohol ether and formaldehyde realize continuous dehydration reaction through the reactor series dehydration membrane, the reaction raw materials are uniformly mixed and then heated to 40-100 ℃ through a preheater, enter a tubular reactor for reaction, enter the dehydration membrane for reaction and dehydration after reacting for 0.5-3h at the temperature of 45-150 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-1.0MPa, moisture permeates from the upstream side of the pervaporation membrane to the downstream side of the membrane, and the product on the upstream side of the membrane is dehydrated reaction liquid; the downstream side of the membrane adopts a vacuum pumping and condensing mode to form the steam partial pressure difference of components on the upstream and downstream sides of the membrane, and water and a small amount of organic matters in the raw materials permeate the membrane under the driving of the partial pressure difference and are condensed into penetrating fluid. The reaction device is directly connected with the rectification device to separate the raw materials and the products, the products are directly connected with the product storage tank through rectification, the unreacted raw materials are condensed and then return to the reactor to complete continuous operation, and the ionic liquid catalyst is recycled. The method has the advantages of good selectivity, high conversion rate, high yield, basically no wastewater generated in production and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a continuous method for preparing dialkoxy methane compound by a reactor series dehydration membrane takes alcohol or alcohol ether and polyformaldehyde as reaction raw materials, and comprises the following specific process flow:
(1) uniformly mixing reaction raw materials and a catalyst, heating the mixture to 40-100 ℃ through a preheater, allowing the mixture to enter a tubular reactor for reaction, and reacting at the temperature of 45-150 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-1.0MPa for 0.5-3h to obtain a product A;
(2) the product A enters a dehydration membrane reactor for dehydration, reaction dehydration water enters a moisture receiving tank through condensation, and dehydration reaction liquid enters the preheater and the tubular reactor in the step (1) for a secondary cycle reaction;
(3) and (3) obtaining a product B after the conversion rate of the cyclic reaction reaches 95% (generally 2-3 cycles), introducing the product B into a rectifying tower for product separation and purification, rectifying to obtain dialkoxymethane, introducing the dialkoxymethane into a product storage tank, introducing the unreacted raw material into a raw material tank after condensation, returning the unreacted raw material into the reactor to complete continuous operation, and recycling the ionic liquid catalyst.
The dehydration membrane reactor adopts a pervaporation membrane for dehydration of reaction liquid, the pervaporation membrane is selected from one or more of a T-shaped molecular sieve membrane, a NaA molecular sieve membrane and a hybrid silicon molecular sieve membrane, and the T-shaped molecular sieve membrane or the hybrid silicon molecular sieve membrane is preferred.
The dehydration membrane reactor is formed by connecting a plurality of pervaporation membranes in series or in parallel; preferably, 4-5 groups of pervaporation membranes are connected in series, and a heat compensator is arranged between the upper and lower stages of pervaporation membranes and used for heating the raw materials.
Furthermore, the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane is connected with a permeate condenser; the penetrating fluid condenser is connected with the penetrating fluid tank, and the penetrating fluid tank is used for storing the penetrating fluid obtained by condensation; the penetrating fluid condenser is provided with a vacuum unit for vacuumizing the penetrating side of the pervaporation membrane.
In the invention, the alcohol is monohydric or polyhydric alcohol and is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-hexanol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol and glycerol;
the alcohol ether is one or more selected from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether and tripropylene glycol methyl ether.
The polyformaldehyde is paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene or a formaldehyde aqueous solution with the mass concentration of more than 25%.
Further, the molar ratio of the alcohol or alcohol ether to the polyoxymethylene is 2:1 to 4: 1.
In the invention, the dosage of the catalyst is 0.1-10% of the mass of the reaction raw materials; the catalyst is an ionic liquid catalyst, and the ionic liquid catalyst is prepared by the following method:
(1) dissolving 1, 3-propane sultone in acetone, heating to 50 ℃, dripping organic amine, preserving heat for 3-4h after dripping is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with acetone, and drying at 40 ℃ in vacuum to obtain an ionic liquid intermediate;
(2) dissolving the ionic liquid intermediate prepared in the step (1) in water, dropwise adding acid, keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h after dropwise adding is finished, removing water at 50-70 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain ionic liquid, and drying the ionic liquid at 80 ℃ in vacuum to obtain the ionic liquid catalyst.
The organic amine is one of pyridine, hexamethylenetetramine, triethylamine and N-methylimidazole, and pyridine is preferred; the acid is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, preferably sulfuric acid;
the mass ratio of the 1, 3-propane sultone to the organic amine is 1-4: 1; the mass ratio of the ionic liquid intermediate to the acid is 1: 1-4.
The tubular reactor is a vertical tubular reactor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following technical effects:
the method has the advantages of continuous and stable operation, good process safety, long catalyst recycling life, high per pass conversion rate, good selectivity, green and environment-friendly production process and the like, and is suitable for industrial production.
The invention uses acid to catalyze the reaction of alcohol or alcohol ether and formaldehyde to generate dialkoxymethane, which belongs to economic reaction, adopts membrane dehydration in the product process, does not introduce a third substance, has high conversion rate of products, does not contain byproducts, has little corrosion of the catalyst to equipment, is a clean dialkoxymethane synthesis method capable of recycling the catalyst, and is suitable for industrial continuous production.
In the invention, the tubular reactor is connected with the dehydration membrane reactor in series, so that the dehydration membrane reactor is not limited by vapor-liquid balance, the loss and post-treatment separation of low-boiling-point raw materials caused by constant boiling are avoided, an entrainer or an extracting agent is not required, the reaction energy consumption is reduced, and the method is more environment-friendly.
In the invention, the self-made ionic liquid catalyst is adopted to avoid the corrosion of inorganic acid to equipment and the blockage problem of a pervaporation membrane caused by a solid acid catalyst, and the ionic liquid has high stability, simple post-treatment and can be recycled for multiple times. The pervaporation membrane is preferably a T-shaped molecular sieve membrane and a hybrid silicon molecular sieve membrane, and has the characteristics of good acid resistance, good mechanical stability, thermal stability, organic solvent resistance, long service life under the conditions of high temperature and strong solvent, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a continuous method for preparing a dialkoxymethane compound by a dehydration membrane with reactors connected in series, wherein 1 is a reactor, 2 is an evaporator, 3 is a superheater, 4 is a membrane module, 5 is a condenser, 6 is a penetrating fluid, 7 is a tail gas condenser, 8 is a rectifying device, 9 is a product tank, and 10 is a vacuum unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are given by way of illustration only.
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an ionic liquid catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1, 3-propane sultone in acetone, heating to 50 ℃, dripping organic amine, preserving heat for 3-4h after dripping is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with acetone, and drying at 40 ℃ in vacuum to obtain an ionic liquid intermediate; the mass ratio of the 1, 3-propane sultone to the organic amine is 1-4: 1;
(2) dissolving the ionic liquid intermediate prepared in the step (1) in water, dropwise adding sulfuric acid, preserving heat for 2 hours at 80 ℃ after dropwise adding, removing water at 50-70 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain ionic liquid, and vacuum-drying the ionic liquid at 80 ℃ to obtain the ionic liquid catalyst. The mass ratio of the ionic liquid intermediate to the acid is 1: 1-4;
the organic amine is pyridine, hexamethylenetetramine, triethylamine and N-methylimidazole, and the ionic liquid catalysts are respectively prepared and named as pyridine ionic liquid catalyst, hexamethylenetetramine ionic liquid catalyst, triethylamine ionic liquid catalyst and N-methylimidazole ionic liquid catalyst.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a continuous method for preparing a dialkoxy methane compound by connecting dehydration membranes in series with reactors, wherein the dehydration membrane reactor is formed by connecting 4-5 groups of pervaporation membranes in series; a heat compensator is arranged between the upper and lower stages of pervaporation membranes, and the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane is connected with a permeate condenser; the penetrating fluid condenser is connected with the penetrating fluid tank, and the penetrating fluid tank is used for storing the penetrating fluid obtained by condensation; the penetrating fluid condenser is provided with a vacuum unit for vacuumizing the penetrating side of the pervaporation membrane, and the method comprises the following specific process flows:
(1) adding 300 g of paraformaldehyde, 700 g of methanol and 18 g of pyridine ionic liquid catalyst into a 1L reaction kettle, preheating to 70 ℃, allowing the mixture to enter a tubular reactor, and reacting at 70 ℃ and 0.2MPa for 30min to obtain a product A; (2) pumping the product A into a dehydration membrane reactor for dehydration by a pump, condensing reaction dehydration water into a moisture receiving tank, and allowing dehydration reaction liquid to enter a preheater and a tubular reactor in the step (1) for a secondary circulation reaction; (3) after the conversion rate of the methanol reaches 95%, obtaining a product B, directly feeding the product B into a rectifying tower for rectification and purification, and feeding dialkoxymethane obtained by rectification into a product storage tank, wherein the yield is 90.35%; the unreacted raw materials enter a raw material tank after being condensed and return to the reactor to finish continuous operation, and the ionic liquid catalyst is recycled.
Example 2
In the same way as in example 1, 300 g of paraformaldehyde, 1000 g of ethanol and 24 g of pyridine ionic liquid catalyst are added into a 1L reaction kettle, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 30min under 0.1 MPa; the conversion rate of the ethanol reaches 95 percent, the product obtained by rectification enters a product storage tank, and the yield is 93.1 percent.
Example 3
In the same way as example 1, 100 g of paraformaldehyde, 560 g of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and 12 g of hexamethylenetetramine ionic liquid catalyst are added into a 1L reaction kettle, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 30min under 0.1MPa, the conversion rate of the ethylene glycol monomethyl ether reaches 90%, and the product obtained by rectification enters a product storage tank, wherein the yield is 88.2%.
Example 4
In the same way as example 1, 100 g of paraformaldehyde, 560 g of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and 12 g of N-methylimidazole catalyst are added into a 1L reaction kettle, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 30min under 0.1MPa, the conversion rate of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether reaches 90.3%, and the product obtained by rectification enters a product storage tank, wherein the yield is 87.4%.
Example 5
In the same way as in example 1, 100 g of paraformaldehyde, 670 g of propylene glycol monomethyl ether and 12 g of pyridine ionic liquid catalyst were added into a 1L reaction kettle, the temperature was raised to 100 ℃ and the reaction was carried out under 0.1MPa for 20min, the conversion rate of propylene glycol methyl ether reached 95.3%, the product obtained by rectification entered the product storage tank, and the yield was 93.7%.
Example 6
In the same way as in example 1, 100 g of paraformaldehyde, 540 g of N-butanol and 12 g of N-methylimidazole ionic liquid catalyst are added into a 1L reaction kettle, the temperature is raised to 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 30min under 0.1MPa, the conversion rate of the N-butanol reaches 92.3%, the product obtained by rectification enters a product storage tank, and the yield is 90.7%.

Claims (8)

1. A continuous method for preparing a dialkoxy methane compound by a reactor series dehydration membrane takes alcohol or alcohol ether and polyformaldehyde as reaction raw materials, and is characterized by comprising the following specific process flows of:
(1) uniformly mixing reaction raw materials and a catalyst, heating the mixture to 40-100 ℃ through a preheater, allowing the mixture to enter a tubular reactor for reaction, and reacting at the temperature of 45-150 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-1.0MPa for 0.5-3h to obtain a product A;
the molar ratio of the alcohol or alcohol ether to the polyformaldehyde is 2:1-4: 1; the dosage of the catalyst is 0.1-10% of the mass of the reaction raw materials; the catalyst is an ionic liquid catalyst;
(2) the product A enters a dehydration membrane reactor for dehydration, reaction dehydration water enters a moisture receiving tank through condensation, and dehydration reaction liquid enters a preheater and a tubular reactor in the step (1) for secondary cycle reaction;
(3) and (3) obtaining a product B after the conversion rate is 95% through the cyclic reaction, separating and purifying the product B in a rectifying tower, rectifying the product B to obtain dialkoxymethane, feeding the dialkoxymethane into a product storage tank, condensing unreacted raw materials, feeding the condensed unreacted raw materials into a raw material tank, returning the condensed unreacted raw materials into the reactor to finish continuous operation, and recycling the ionic liquid catalyst.
2. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 1, wherein: the dehydration membrane reactor is formed by connecting a plurality of pervaporation membranes in series or in parallel, wherein the pervaporation membranes are selected from one or more of T-shaped molecular sieve membranes, NaA molecular sieve membranes and hybrid silicon molecular sieve membranes.
3. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 2, wherein: the dehydration membrane reactor is formed by connecting 4-5 pervaporation membranes in series, and the pervaporation membranes are T-shaped molecular sieve membranes or hybrid silicon molecular sieve membranes.
4. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 2, wherein: a heat compensator is arranged between the upper and lower stages of pervaporation membranes and is used for heating the raw materials; the permeation side of the pervaporation membrane is connected with a penetrating fluid condenser; the penetrating fluid condenser is connected with the penetrating fluid tank, and the penetrating fluid tank is used for storing the penetrating fluid obtained by condensation; the penetrating fluid condenser is provided with a vacuum unit for vacuumizing the penetrating side of the pervaporation membrane.
5. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 1, wherein: the alcohol is monohydric or polyhydric alcohol and is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, n-hexanol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propylene glycol, 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol and glycerol;
the alcohol ether is one or more selected from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether and tripropylene glycol methyl ether;
the polyformaldehyde is one or more of paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene or formaldehyde aqueous solution with the mass concentration of more than 25%.
6. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 1, wherein: the ionic liquid catalyst is prepared by the following method:
(1) dissolving 1, 3-propane sultone in acetone, heating to 50 ℃, dripping organic amine, preserving heat for 3-4h after dripping is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with acetone, and drying at 40 ℃ in vacuum to obtain an ionic liquid intermediate;
(2) dissolving the ionic liquid intermediate prepared in the step (1) in water, dropwise adding acid, keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h after dropwise adding, removing water at 50-70 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain ionic liquid, and vacuum-drying the ionic liquid at 80 ℃ to obtain the ionic liquid catalyst.
7. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 6, wherein: the organic amine is one of pyridine, hexamethylenetetramine, triethylamine and N-methylimidazole, and pyridine is preferred; the acid is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, preferably sulfuric acid;
the mass ratio of the 1, 3-propane sultone to the organic amine is 1-4: 1; the mass ratio of the ionic liquid intermediate to the acid is 1: 1-4.
8. The continuous process for producing a dialkoxymethane compound using a dehydration membrane in series of reactors according to claim 1, wherein: the tubular reactor is a vertical tubular reactor.
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