CN114918239A

CN114918239A - Vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device

Info

Publication number: CN114918239A
Application number: CN202210591605.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟道旭; 王水; 柏立森; 刘伟; 尹芝华
Original assignee: Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science
Current assignee: Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science
Priority date: 2022-05-27
Filing date: 2022-05-27
Publication date: 2022-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-27
Also published as: CN114918239B

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device, which comprises a high-temperature furnace, a soil discharge chamber, a high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, a catalytic combustion chamber, an air chamber containing a draught fan, a vehicle-mounted chassis and a discharge chimney, wherein the high-temperature furnace is arranged in the vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device; the high-temperature furnace, the soil discharge chamber, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, the catalytic combustion chamber and the air chamber are respectively connected to the vehicle-mounted chassis; the high-temperature furnace, the soil discharge chamber, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, the catalytic combustion chamber and the gas chamber are communicated in sequence; the discharge chimney is arranged at the top of the air chamber and communicated with the air chamber. This device is small, and response speed is fast when dealing with emergency, and is higher to having pollutant gas purification efficiency simultaneously, and the effect is better, and whole device does not use the cooling water in the course of the work, has avoided secondary pollution.

Description

Vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of soil remediation and disposal, in particular to a vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device.

Background

The existing indirect thermal desorption equipment has the defects of large volume and poor flexibility in the soil thermal desorption process, and can not meet the requirements due to the fact that the response time is about half a month generally when an emergency occurs. In addition, the conventional method for purifying pollutants in the generated thermal desorption gas samples processes such as spraying and condensation, and a large amount of waste liquid mixed by cooling water and pollutants is generated in the treatment process. The large volume of waste liquid requires disposal in large volume chemical oxidation or bioremediation tanks. The prior art and the equipment technology have complex process, generate a large amount of waste liquid to be treated, and have high manufacturing and treatment cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows: the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a quick emergent thermal desorption device of vehicular has reduced the volume of thermal desorption equipment, when meetting emergency time, has improved response time, avoids producing a large amount of water that contain the pollutant simultaneously and causes secondary pollution.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device comprises a high-temperature furnace, a soil discharge chamber, a high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, a catalytic combustion chamber, an air chamber containing a draught fan, a vehicle-mounted chassis and a discharge chimney; the high-temperature furnace, the soil discharge chamber, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, the catalytic combustion chamber and the air chamber are respectively connected to the vehicle-mounted chassis; the high-temperature furnace, the soil discharge chamber, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover, the catalytic combustion chamber and the gas chamber are communicated in sequence; the discharge chimney is arranged at the top of the air chamber and communicated with the air chamber.

As a preferred example, the high-temperature furnace comprises a furnace body, a feeding device, a hearth, a combustion chamber, an igniter, a support, an oil tank, a hearth rotating gear and a chassis power takeoff; the feeding device is positioned at the top of the furnace body; the oil tank is positioned below the furnace body and communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body; the combustion chamber is positioned in the inner cavity of the furnace body, the hearth is positioned in the combustion chamber, and an inlet of the hearth is communicated with the feeding device; the support is positioned in the combustion chamber and used for supporting the hearth; the igniter is connected to the furnace body, one end of the igniter is positioned in the oil tank, and the other end of the igniter is positioned in the combustion chamber; the hearth rotating gear inner ring is fixedly connected with one end of a hearth, and the hearth rotating gear outer ring is connected with a chassis power takeoff through a transmission device; the chassis power takeoff is located on the outer side of the furnace body and obtains power from the vehicle-mounted chassis to drive the hearth rotating gear to rotate.

As a preferred example, the soil discharge chamber is positioned at the tail part of the hearth; the upper part of the soil discharge chamber is provided with a gas outlet, the wall surface of the soil discharge chamber is provided with a soil inlet, the bottom end of the soil discharge chamber is provided with a soil outlet hopper, the bottom end of the soil outlet hopper is connected with a connecting pipe, and a water atomization spray head is arranged in the connecting pipe; and the soil inlet is connected with the outlet of the hearth.

As a preferred example, the soil discharging chamber further comprises a baffle plate, the baffle plate is positioned in the inner cavity of the soil discharging chamber, the baffle plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the soil discharging chamber, and a gas channel is formed between the baffle plate and the inner wall of the soil discharging chamber; the gas outlet is positioned above the baffle, and the soil inlet is positioned below the baffle.

As a preferable example, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover is positioned outside the soil discharge chamber; the inner cavity of the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover is communicated with the inner cavity of the soil discharge chamber through a gas outlet; the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover comprises a shell, an ash discharging hopper, a bracket and a ceramic tube, wherein the bracket and the ceramic tube are positioned in the shell; the bracket is used for supporting the ceramic tube; the support divides the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated through a supporting ceramic tube; the gas outlet is positioned in the lower cavity; the ash discharging hopper is connected to the bottom of the shell and is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom end of the ash discharging hopper is connected with the connecting pipe; the top end of the shell is provided with a smoke outlet.

As a preferred example, the catalytic combustion chamber comprises an outer shell, and a pyrolysis chamber, a reduction chamber, an oxidation chamber and a secondary combustion chamber which are positioned in the inner cavity of the outer shell and are communicated in sequence; the surface of the outer shell is contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body of the high-temperature furnace; the wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with a pollutant inlet which is communicated with the flue gas outlet; a catalyst layer is arranged in the reduction chamber; the oxidation chamber is provided with a heat transfer device, one end of the heat transfer device is positioned on the inner side of the oxidation chamber, and the other end of the heat transfer device is positioned on the outer side of the oxidation chamber; the wall surface of the oxidation chamber is provided with an air distribution device; the wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet; the outer side wall surface of the catalytic combustion chamber is provided with heat conducting fins.

As a preferred example, the catalytic combustion chamber further comprises a heat insulation cotton layer, and the heat insulation cotton layer is connected to the wall surface of the catalytic combustion chamber.

As a preferable example, the high-temperature furnace and the vehicle-mounted chassis share one oil tank.

As a preferred example, a bearing is arranged between the support and the hearth.

Preferably, the temperature in the high-temperature furnace is 300 to 900 ℃.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the scheme, the volume of the whole device is reduced by adopting the vehicle-mounted thermal desorption device, so that the whole device is more flexible. When an emergency occurs, the emergency treatment device can perform quick reaction, and can quickly go to an accident site for repair only by adding enough fuel. Meanwhile, the organic pollutant catalytic reduction oxidation chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the heat energy of the combustion chamber is utilized to reduce and oxidize organic pollutants containing halogen and the like at high temperature or directly oxidize hydrocarbon organic pollutants, so that the integral working efficiency is higher, and the effect is better. The whole device does not need to use cooling water in the working process, and secondary pollution caused by water containing pollutants is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a catalytic combustor in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic combustor in an embodiment of the present invention.

The figure has the following components: the device comprises a high-temperature furnace 1, a soil discharge chamber 2, a high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover 3, a catalytic combustion chamber 4, an air chamber 5, a vehicle-mounted chassis 6, a discharge chimney 7, a feeding device 101, a hearth 102, a combustion chamber 103, an igniter 104, a support 105, an oil tank 106, a hearth rotating gear 107, a chassis power takeoff 108, a soil inlet 201, a soil discharging hopper 202, a baffle plate 203, a gas outlet 204, a water atomization nozzle 205, a support 301, a ceramic tube 302, an ash discharging hopper 303, a flue gas outlet 304, a pyrolysis chamber 401, a reduction chamber 402, a catalyst layer 403, an oxidation chamber 404, a heat transfer device 405, a secondary combustion chamber 406, a flue gas outlet 407, an air distribution device 408, a pollutant inlet 409, a heat conduction fin 410 and a heat insulation cotton layer 411.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to the embodiment of the invention is characterized by comprising a high-temperature furnace 1, a soil discharge chamber 2, a high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector 3, a catalytic combustion chamber 4, an air chamber 5 containing a draught fan, a vehicle-mounted chassis 6 and a discharge chimney 7; the high-temperature furnace 1, the soil discharge chamber 2, the high-temperature ceramic pipe dust remover 3, the catalytic combustion chamber 4 and the air chamber 5 are respectively connected to a vehicle-mounted chassis 6; the high-temperature furnace 1, the soil discharge chamber 2, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover 3, the catalytic combustion chamber 4 and the gas chamber 5 are communicated in sequence; the discharge chimney 7 is arranged on the top of the air chamber 5 and is communicated with the air chamber 5.

In the vehicle-mounted quick emergency thermal desorption device with the structure, the thermal desorption system is integrated on the vehicle, so that the emergency response speed of the system is improved.

When needs carry out emergency treatment, can start the automobile body, carry the device of this application to pending position. Filling a soil body to be treated into a high-temperature furnace 1, discharging the soil body into a soil discharge chamber 2 after high-temperature treatment, and discharging the treated soil body out of the soil discharge chamber 2 to realize in-situ filling; and tail gas such as flue gas generated in the treatment process is discharged into the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector 3 for secondary dust removal treatment, the treated tail gas enters the catalytic combustion chamber 4 for catalytic oxidation reaction, and finally the formed clean air flow is discharged through a discharge chimney 7. In the process, the induced draft fan in the air chamber 5 is started simultaneously, so that negative pressure is generated in the soil discharge chamber 2, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover 3, the catalytic combustion chamber 4 and the air chamber 5, and tail gas is guided to flow to the discharge chimney 7.

An induced draft fan is arranged in the air chamber 5, so that the whole system is in a negative pressure state. The catalytic combustion chamber 4 and the oxidation chamber 404 in the catalytic combustion chamber 4 are arranged to oxidize and catalyze pollutants in soil, so that the work efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the oxidation effect of the pollutants is improved. The working process of the whole system is finished at high temperature, cooling water is not needed, and secondary pollution is reduced. The utility model provides a compact structure, integrated on the automobile body, can realize quick emergency response.

As a preferred example, the high-temperature furnace 1 comprises a furnace body, a feeding device 101, a hearth 102, a combustion chamber 103, an igniter 104, a support 105, an oil tank 106, a hearth rotating gear 107 and a chassis power takeoff 108; the feeding device 101 is positioned at the top of the furnace body; the oil tank 106 is positioned below the furnace body, and the oil tank 106 is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body; the combustion chamber 103 is positioned in the inner cavity of the furnace body, the hearth 102 is positioned in the combustion chamber 103, and the inlet of the hearth 102 is communicated with the feeding device 101; the support 105 is positioned in the combustion chamber 103 and is used for supporting the hearth 102; the igniter 104 is connected to the furnace body, one end of the igniter is positioned in the oil tank 106, and the other end of the igniter is positioned in the combustion chamber 103; an inner ring of the hearth rotating gear 107 is fixedly connected with one end of the hearth 102, and an outer ring of the hearth rotating gear 107 is connected with the chassis power takeoff 108 through a transmission device; the chassis power takeoff 108 is positioned outside the furnace body, and the chassis power takeoff 108 obtains power from the vehicle-mounted chassis 6 to drive the hearth rotating gear 107 to rotate. In operation, soil to be treated is added to the furnace 102 through the feeding device 101, the igniter 104 is started, and oil in the oil tank 106 is combusted in the combustion chamber 103, so that a large amount of heat is generated, and a high-temperature environment is formed. And simultaneously, a chassis power takeoff 108 is started to drive a hearth rotating gear 107 to rotate, and further drive the hearth 102 to rotate. The soil is turned over in the furnace 102. The high temperature environment of the combustion chamber 103 heats up the soil containing the pollutants, and the soil heats up in the hearth 102 to volatilize the organic pollutants and enter the gas. This forms the thermally desorbed soil mass and the thermal desorption gas. This structure passes through power takeoff 108 and obtains power from on-vehicle chassis 6, when the cost is reduced for organic pollutant carries out volatilizing more thoroughly, and the effect of volatilizing is better.

As a preferred example, the soil discharging chamber 2 is positioned at the tail part of the hearth 102; the upper part of the soil discharge chamber 2 is provided with a gas outlet 204, the wall surface of the soil discharge chamber 2 is provided with a soil inlet 201, the bottom end of the soil discharge chamber 2 is provided with a soil outlet hopper 202, the bottom end of the soil outlet hopper 202 is connected with a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is internally provided with a water atomization spray nozzle 205; the soil inlet 201 is connected with the outlet of the hearth 102. Soil and thermal desorption gas get into soil discharge chamber 2 through soil import 201 after being discharged by high temperature furnace 1, and soil falls into out soil fill 202 and discharges under the effect of gravity, and the discharge process sprays through the water of water atomizer 205, prevents the raise dust. The discharged soil can be buried in situ. The thermal desorption gas is discharged into the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector 3 through the gas outlet 204.

As a preferable example, the soil discharging chamber 2 further comprises a baffle 203, the baffle 203 is positioned in the inner cavity of the soil discharging chamber 2, the baffle 203 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the soil discharging chamber 2, and a gas channel is formed between the baffle 203 and the inner wall of the soil discharging chamber 2; the gas outlet 204 is located above the baffle 203 and the soil inlet 201 is located below the baffle 203. After the thermal desorption gas rises, the dust is blocked and falls down through the baffle plate 203, so that the dust is separated from the gas, and the gas at the gas outlet 204 contains fewer impurities.

As a preferable example, the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector 3 is positioned outside the soil discharge chamber 2; the inner cavity of the high-temperature ceramic pipe dust remover 3 is communicated with the inner cavity of the soil discharge chamber 2 through a gas outlet 204; the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover 3 comprises a shell, an ash discharge hopper 303, a bracket 301 and a ceramic tube 302 which are positioned in the shell; the bracket 301 is used for supporting a ceramic tube 302; the bracket 301 divides the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector 3 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated through a supporting ceramic tube 302; the gas outlet 204 is located in the lower cavity; the ash discharging hopper 303 is connected to the bottom of the shell and is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom end of the ash discharging hopper 303 is connected with the connecting pipe; the top end of the shell is provided with a smoke outlet 304. Carry out secondary dust removal processing to thermal desorption gas through high temperature ceramic pipe dust remover 3, will continue the separation at the dust that does not separate in soil discharge chamber 2 for the less mixed dust of thermal desorption gas that gets into catalytic combustion chamber 4 improves catalytic oxidation effect of catalytic combustion chamber 4. The ceramic tube 302 can work in a high-temperature environment with the temperature higher than 1000 ℃, dust-containing tail gas enters the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover 3 through the gas outlet 204, and flue gas passes through the ceramic tube 302 from the outer wall of the ceramic tube 302, enters the inner cavity of the ceramic tube 302, finally flows into the upper cavity and is discharged through the flue gas outlet 304.

As a preferable example, the catalytic combustor 4 comprises an outer shell, and a pyrolysis chamber 401, a reduction chamber 402, an oxidation chamber 404 and a secondary combustion chamber 406 which are located in the inner cavity of the outer shell and are communicated in sequence; the surface of the outer shell is contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body of the high-temperature furnace 1; the wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber 401 is provided with a pollutant inlet 409, and the pollutant inlet 409 is communicated with the flue gas outlet 304; a catalyst layer 403 is arranged in the reduction chamber 402; the oxidation chamber 404 is provided with a heat transfer device 405, and one end of the heat transfer device 405 is positioned inside the oxidation chamber 404, and the other end is positioned outside the oxidation chamber 404; the wall surface of the oxidation chamber 404 is provided with an air distribution device 408; a flue gas outlet 407 is formed in the wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber 406; the outer side wall surface of the catalytic combustor 4 is provided with heat conductive fins 410. The surface of the outer shell of the catalytic combustion chamber 4 is contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body of the high-temperature furnace 1, so that the heat generated in the operation of the high-temperature furnace 1 is transferred to the catalytic combustion chamber 4. When the catalytic combustor 4 is in operation, the whole set of device is heated up through the side wall and the heat conducting fins 410 and the heat transfer device 405 on the side wall, and the heat is derived from the heat generated in the operation of the high temperature furnace 1. When the temperature reaches the specified working condition requirement, the organic pollutants flow out from the flue gas outlet 304, atomized small droplets are formed through the pollutant inlet 409 and the atomizing nozzle and enter the pyrolysis chamber 401, the temperature in the pyrolysis chamber is 300-400 ℃, and the macromolecular organic pollutants are pyrolyzed to form micromolecular organic pollutants; the micromolecular pollutants enter the reduction chamber 402, and the halide is decomposed and degraded through the catalytic reduction of the catalyst 403; when the reduced product enters the oxidation chamber 404, the reduced product is fully mixed with the air of the air distribution device 408 and then is oxidized and degraded by oxygen in the air, and finally water, carbon dioxide and halogenated hydrocarbon are generated; the heat transfer device 405 and the heat conducting fins 410 transfer heat in the combustion chamber 103 into the catalytic combustion chamber 4, ensuring the temperature required for the degradation of organic pollutants. The heat conducting fins 410 are welded on the outer side of the catalytic combustion chamber 4, one end of the heat transfer device 405 is arranged on the outer side of the oxidation chamber 404, the other end of the heat transfer device 405 is arranged in the oxidation chamber 404, the heat obtained from the outer side is conducted to one end of the inner side of the heat transfer device 405, and the heat is conducted into the heat transfer device 405 through radiation heat. This heat is transferred from the high temperature furnace 1 to the space between the oxidation chamber 404 and the outer shell of the catalytic combustor 4. The air distributor 408 blows air into the catalytic combustor 4 to oxidize and degrade pollutants. A small amount of organic matters remained in the flue gas are in contact with the air when passing through the secondary combustion chamber 406, are ignited and oxidized and degraded, and finally enter the air chamber 5 through the flue gas outlet 407, and are discharged through the discharge chimney 7 under the guidance of the induced draft fan. The whole working process is simple and convenient, the efficiency is high, the operation is finished at a high temperature, cooling water is not needed, and secondary pollution is avoided.

Preferably, the catalytic combustion chamber further comprises a heat insulation cotton layer 411, and the heat insulation cotton layer 411 is connected to the wall surface of the catalytic combustion chamber 4. Through setting up the cotton layer 411 that keeps warm, guarantee when carrying out the reaction, catalytic combustion chamber 4 is inside can not dispel the heat to the outside for catalytic combustion chamber 4 is inside to be in high temperature state all the time, has guaranteed continuity and the high efficiency of reaction.

Preferably, the high temperature furnace 1 and the vehicle chassis 6 share one oil tank 106. Need not to set up an oil tank alone for high temperature furnace 1, more step reduced the volume of whole device, high temperature furnace 1 and vehicle-mounted chassis 6 share an oil tank 106 simultaneously, when high temperature furnace 1 needs the during operation, only need follow in the oil tank 106 acquire oil spout into combustion chamber 103 inside burn and heat up can, easy operation is convenient.

Preferably, a bearing is arranged between the support 105 and the hearth 102. The furnace chamber 102 is guaranteed to be stably and rotatably heated under the support of the support 105 and the bearing, so that soil in the furnace chamber 102 is heated more uniformly, meanwhile, the outlet height of the furnace chamber 102 is lower than the inlet height of the furnace chamber 102, and the soil can be completely discharged out of the furnace chamber 102 after being combusted.

Preferably, the temperature in the high temperature furnace 1 is 300 to 900 ℃. The high temperature furnace 1 separates organic pollutant gas from soil by heating the soil at a high temperature, and provides continuous source gas for the purification reaction of the catalytic combustion chamber 4 on the gas.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is also intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device is characterized by comprising a high-temperature furnace (1), a soil discharge chamber (2), a high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover (3), a catalytic combustion chamber (4), an air chamber (5) containing an induced draft fan, a vehicle-mounted chassis (6) and a discharge chimney (7); the high-temperature furnace (1), the soil discharge chamber (2), the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover (3), the catalytic combustion chamber (4) and the air chamber (5) are respectively connected to a vehicle-mounted chassis (6); the high-temperature furnace (1), the soil discharge chamber (2), the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover (3), the catalytic combustion chamber (4) and the gas chamber (5) are communicated in sequence; the discharge chimney (7) is arranged at the top of the air chamber (5) and is communicated with the air chamber (5).

2. The vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature furnace (1) comprises a furnace body, a feeding device (101), a hearth (102), a combustion chamber (103), an igniter (104), a support (105), an oil tank (106), a hearth rotating gear (107) and a chassis power takeoff (108); the feeding device (101) is positioned at the top of the furnace body; the oil tank (106) is positioned below the furnace body, and the oil tank (106) is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body; the combustion chamber (103) is positioned in the inner cavity of the furnace body, the hearth (102) is positioned in the combustion chamber (103), and the inlet of the hearth (102) is communicated with the feeding device (101); the support (105) is positioned in the combustion chamber (103) and is used for supporting the hearth (102); the igniter (104) is connected to the furnace body, one end of the igniter is positioned in the oil tank (106), and the other end of the igniter is positioned in the combustion chamber (103); the inner ring of the hearth rotating gear (107) is fixedly connected with one end of the hearth (102), and the outer ring of the hearth rotating gear (107) is connected with the chassis power takeoff (108) through a transmission device; the chassis power takeoff (108) is located on the outer side of the furnace body, and the chassis power takeoff (108) obtains power from the vehicle-mounted chassis (6) to drive the hearth rotating gear (107) to rotate.

3. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 2, wherein the soil discharge chamber (2) is positioned at the tail of the hearth (102); the upper part of the soil discharging chamber (2) is provided with a gas outlet (204), the wall surface of the soil discharging chamber (2) is provided with a soil inlet (201), the bottom end of the soil discharging chamber (2) is provided with a soil discharging hopper (202), the bottom end of the soil discharging hopper (202) is connected with a connecting pipe, and a water atomizing spray head (205) is arranged in the connecting pipe; the soil inlet (201) is connected with the outlet of the hearth (102).

4. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 3, wherein the soil discharge chamber (2) further comprises a baffle (203), the baffle (203) is positioned in the inner cavity of the soil discharge chamber (2), the baffle (203) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the soil discharge chamber (2), and a gas channel is formed between the baffle (203) and the inner wall of the soil discharge chamber (2); the gas outlet (204) is positioned above the baffle (203), and the soil inlet (201) is positioned below the baffle (203).

5. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 3, wherein the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector (3) is positioned outside the soil discharge chamber (2); the inner cavity of the high-temperature ceramic tube dust remover (3) is communicated with the inner cavity of the soil discharge chamber (2) through a gas outlet (204); the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector (3) comprises a shell, an ash discharge hopper (303), a support (301) and a ceramic tube (302), wherein the support (301) and the ceramic tube are positioned in the shell; the bracket (301) is used for supporting the ceramic tube (302); the support (301) divides the high-temperature ceramic tube dust collector (3) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated through a supporting ceramic tube (302); the gas outlet (204) is located in the lower cavity; the ash discharging hopper (303) is connected to the bottom of the shell and is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom end of the ash discharging hopper (303) is connected with the connecting pipe; the top end of the shell is provided with a smoke outlet (304).

6. The vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 5, wherein the catalytic combustion chamber (4) comprises an outer shell, and a pyrolysis chamber (401), a reduction chamber (402), an oxidation chamber (404) and a secondary combustion chamber (406) which are positioned in the inner cavity of the outer shell and communicated in sequence; the surface of the outer shell is contacted with the outer wall of the furnace body of the high-temperature furnace (1); the wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber (401) is provided with a pollutant inlet (409), and the pollutant inlet (409) is communicated with the flue gas outlet (304); a catalyst layer (403) is arranged in the reduction chamber (402); the oxidation chamber (404) is provided with a heat transfer device (405), one end of the heat transfer device (405) is positioned at the inner side of the oxidation chamber (404), and the other end of the heat transfer device is positioned at the outer side of the oxidation chamber (404); the wall surface of the oxidation chamber (404) is provided with an air distribution device (408); a flue gas outlet (407) is formed in the wall surface of the secondary combustion chamber (406); the outer side wall surface of the catalytic combustion chamber (4) is provided with heat conducting fins (410).

7. The vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 1 further comprising a heat insulation cotton layer (411), wherein the heat insulation cotton layer (411) is connected to the wall surface of the catalytic combustion chamber (4).

8. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 2, wherein the high temperature furnace (1) and the vehicle chassis (6) share an oil tank (106).

9. A vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 2, wherein a bearing is arranged between the support (105) and the hearth (102).

10. The vehicle-mounted rapid emergency thermal desorption device according to claim 2, wherein the temperature in the high temperature furnace (1) is 300-900 ℃.