CN114894033A

CN114894033A - Constant overload catapult

Info

Publication number: CN114894033A
Application number: CN202210399436.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王鹤; 姜国纯; 蔡晓光; 蒲俊州; 张翔; 葛振杨
Original assignee: Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Aviation Industry of China AVIC
Current assignee: Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Aviation Industry of China AVIC
Priority date: 2022-04-15
Filing date: 2022-04-15
Publication date: 2022-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-15
Also published as: CN114894033B

Abstract

The application belongs to the catapult field, in particular to a constant overload catapult. The method comprises the following steps: the shell is cylindrical; the end cover is arranged at the first end of the shell in a threaded fit manner, and a through hole is formed in the center of the end cover; the emitter is nested at the second end of the shell; the limiting bush is nested in the shell, a first end of the limiting bush is provided with a limiting boss, the limiting bush is provided with a ring groove, the limiting bush is positioned by matching of a limiting nail, and a second end of the limiting bush is provided with a clamping groove; the clamping spring is arranged in the shell, a cavity is formed between the clamping spring and the shell, the first end of the clamping spring is arranged in the clamping groove of the limiting bush, and the second end of the clamping spring is connected with the first end of the emitter; the guide cone is nested inside the limiting bush, the first end of the guide cone is arranged in the through hole of the end cover in a matched mode with the spring, and the second end of the guide cone is abutted to the first end of the clamping spring; the pressure accumulator is arranged on the pressure accumulator mounting part of the shell and is communicated with the cavity; the first end of slide rail is connected with the second end of emitter, and unmanned aerial vehicle sets up on the slide rail.

Description

Constant overload catapult

Technical Field

The application belongs to the catapult field, in particular to a constant overload catapult.

Background

At present, the catapult mainly adopts gunpowder/solid rocket or spring action to launch energy. Although the catapult using gunpowder/solid rocket as the launching energy can meet the requirements of long-distance and heavy-weight catapult, the safety problem of the gunpowder cannot meet the safety requirement under special environment, and the catapult capability cannot be adjusted; the catapult using the spring as the launching energy source is limited by the performance of the spring, and cannot realize high catapult capability, and the overload value can change along with the change of the compression amount of the spring in the catapult process, so that constant overload catapult cannot be realized.

Accordingly, a technical solution is desired to overcome or at least alleviate at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present application is to provide a constant overload catapult to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

a constant-overload catapult, comprising:

the shell is cylindrical, a limiting nail mounting hole is formed in the side wall, close to the first end, of the shell, and a livestock pressure device mounting part is arranged on the side wall in the middle of the shell;

the end cover is installed at the first end of the shell in a threaded fit mode, and a through hole is formed in the center of the end cover;

an emitter nested at the second end of the housing;

the limiting bushing is nested in the shell, a first end of the limiting bushing is provided with a limiting boss, the limiting boss is matched with a limiting step on the inner wall surface of the shell for limiting, an annular groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the limiting bushing, a limiting nail penetrates through the limiting nail mounting hole to be matched with the annular groove to achieve positioning of the limiting bushing, and a clamping groove is formed in the second end of the limiting bushing;

the clamping spring is arranged in the shell, a cavity is formed between the clamping spring and the shell, a first end of the clamping spring is arranged in the clamping groove of the limiting bush, and a second end of the clamping spring is connected with the first end of the emitter;

the guide cone is nested inside the limiting bushing, the first end of the guide cone is arranged in the through hole of the end cover in a matched mode with the spring, and the second end of the guide cone abuts against the first end of the clamping spring;

the pressure accumulator is arranged on the pressure accumulator mounting part of the shell and communicated with the cavity;

the slide rail, the first end of slide rail with the second end of emitter is connected, and unmanned aerial vehicle sets up on the slide rail.

In at least one embodiment of this application, first seal groove has been seted up to the internal wall face of casing, first seal groove is used for cooperating first sealing washer to realize spacing bush with airtight between the casing.

In at least one embodiment of this application, the second seal groove has been seted up to the outer wall surface of guide cone, the second seal groove is used for cooperating the second sealing washer to realize the airtight between guide cone and the spacing bush.

In at least one embodiment of this application, the outer wall of emitter has seted up the third seal groove, the third seal groove is used for cooperating the third sealing washer to realize the emitter with airtight between the casing.

In at least one embodiment of the present application, a tightening handle is provided on the end cap.

In at least one embodiment of this application, press from both sides the spring and include first clamp spring connecting portion and second clamp spring connecting portion, first clamp spring connecting portion include a plurality of reeds of circumference equipartition, have predetermined clearance between two adjacent reeds, the first end of reed is provided with joint portion, joint portion sets up in spacing bush's draw-in groove, the first end of second clamp spring connecting portion with the second end of first clamp spring connecting portion is connected, the second end of second clamp spring connecting portion with the first end of emitter is connected.

In at least one embodiment of this application, the guide cone includes first guide cone connecting portion and second guide cone connecting portion that are the notch cuttype, the first end setting of first guide cone connecting portion is in the through-hole of end cover, the spring housing is established on the first guide cone connecting portion, the first end butt of spring the end cover, the second end butt second guide cone connecting portion, the second end of second guide cone connecting portion is the toper, through second guide cone connecting portion butt the joint portion of double-layered spring.

In at least one embodiment of the present application, the livestock pressure device mounting portion of the housing includes a first mounting boss disposed on an outer wall surface of the housing, and a through hole is opened in a center of the first mounting boss;

the livestock pressure device is provided with a livestock pressure pipe part and a second mounting boss, the livestock pressure pipe part is inserted into the through hole of the first mounting boss and communicated with the cavity, and the second mounting boss is overlapped on the first mounting boss and is fixedly connected with the first mounting boss in a matched manner through a screw.

In at least one embodiment of the present application, a fourth sealing ring is disposed between the livestock pressure tube portion and the first mounting boss.

In at least one embodiment of the present application,

a connecting lug is arranged at the second end of the emitter;

the slide rail comprises a track, a switching rocker arm, a latch hook, a reed and a ramp, wherein,

the first end of the track is connected with the second end of the emitter;

the switching rocker arm is arranged in the track, and the first end of the switching rocker arm is connected with the connecting lug of the emitter;

the latch hook is matched with the reed and arranged at the second end of the switching rocker arm;

the ramp is arranged at the second end of the track;

the unmanned aerial vehicle with the latch hook is connected.

The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

the constant overload catapult can catapult objects with a constant overload value, protect the structure and equipment of the catapulted objects, and meet the catapult requirement that the high overload objects cannot be borne; the throwing force can be adjusted at any time according to different throwing objects, so that more accurate throwing requirements are realized; high-pressure gas is used as an energy source, so that the application scene is wider and is easy to obtain.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a constant overload catapult according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a constant-overload projectile in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a clamp spring according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a guide cone according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spacing bush according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a first angular view of an end cap according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a second angular view of an end cap according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an accumulator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an emitter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a housing of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a slide rail according to an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein:

1-clamping a spring; 2-a guide cone; 3-a limiting bush; 4-a spring; 5-end cover; 6-ring groove; 7-a limit nail; 8-a chamber; 9-an accumulator; 10-an emitter; 11-a housing; 12-a first sealing ring; 13-a second sealing ring; 14-a third sealing ring; 15-track; 16-a transfer rocker arm; 17-a latch hook; 18-reed.

Detailed Description

In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments in the present application and not all embodiments in the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 11.

The application provides a permanent overload catapult includes: the device comprises a shell 11, an end cover 5, a launching body 10, a limiting bush 3, a clamping spring 1, a guide cone 2, a pressure accumulator 9 and a sliding rail.

Specifically, the shell is cylindrical and is provided with a first end and a second end, a limit nail mounting hole is formed in the side wall, close to the first end, of the shell 11, a livestock pressure device mounting part is arranged on the side wall in the middle of the shell 11, and a limit step used for being matched with the limit bushing 3 is further arranged on the inner wall surface of the shell 11; the end cover 5 is arranged at the first end of the shell 11 in a threaded fit manner, and a through hole is formed in the center of the end cover 5; the emitter 10 is nested at the second end of the shell 11; the limiting bush 3 is nested in the shell 11, a first end of the limiting bush 3 is provided with a limiting boss, the limiting boss is matched with a limiting step on the inner wall surface of the shell 11 for limiting, the outer wall surface of the limiting bush 3 is provided with a ring groove 6, the limiting bush 3 is positioned by the limiting nail 7 penetrating through a limiting nail mounting hole on the shell 11 to be matched with the ring groove 6, and a second end of the limiting bush 3 is provided with a clamping groove; the clamping spring 1 is arranged in the shell 11, a cavity 8 is arranged between the clamping spring 1 and the shell, a first end of the clamping spring 1 is arranged in a clamping groove of the limiting bush 3, and a second end of the clamping spring 1 is fixedly connected with a first end of the emitter 10; the guide cone 2 is nested inside the limiting bush 3, the first end of the guide cone 2 is arranged in a through hole of the end cover 5 in a matched mode with the spring 4, and the second end of the guide cone 2 is abutted against the first end of the clamping spring 1 and used for limiting the first end of the clamping spring 1 in a clamping groove of the limiting bush 3; the pressure accumulator 9 is arranged on the livestock pressure device mounting part of the shell 11 and communicated with the chamber 8; the first end of slide rail is connected with the second end of emitter 10, and unmanned aerial vehicle sets up on the slide rail.

In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the air tightness of the structure may be improved by providing a plurality of sealing rings. In this embodiment, the inner wall surface of the housing 11 is provided with a first sealing groove, and the first sealing groove is used for matching with the first sealing ring 12 to realize airtightness between the limiting bush 3 and the housing 11; the outer wall surface of the guide cone 2 is provided with a second sealing groove which is used for matching with a second sealing ring 13 to realize airtightness between the guide cone 2 and the limiting bush 3; the outer wall surface of the emitter 10 is provided with a third sealing groove, and the third sealing groove is used for matching with a third sealing ring 14 to realize air tightness between the emitter 10 and the shell 11.

The utility model provides a permanent overload catapult, clamp spring 1 is the locking firing mechanism of permanent overload catapult, its structural style is as shown in fig. 3, clamp spring 1 includes first clamp spring connecting portion and second clamp spring connecting portion, first clamp spring connecting portion include a plurality of reeds of circumference equipartition, predetermined clearance has between two adjacent reeds, the first end of reed is provided with joint portion, joint portion sets up in limiting bush 3's draw-in groove, the first end of second clamp spring connecting portion is connected with the second end of first clamp spring connecting portion, the second end of second clamp spring connecting portion is connected with the first end of emitter 10. When the device is in a locking state, the clamping spring 1 is fixed in the clamping groove of the limiting bush 3 under the action of the guide cone 2, and the clamping spring 1 is connected with the emitter 10 to play a locking role; under the 'percussion' state, the clamp spring 1 is disengaged from the clamping groove of the limiting bush 3, the emitter 10 is pushed outwards along the axial direction of the shell 11 under the action of high-pressure gas, the unlocking percussion action is completed, and the constant overload projecting function is realized.

The utility model provides a permanent overload ejector, what the direction awl 2 was realized pressing from both sides spring 1 locking, the mechanism that actuates, structural style is as shown in figure 4, direction awl 2 is including the first direction awl connecting portion and the second direction awl connecting portion that are the notch cuttype, the first end setting of first direction awl connecting portion is in the through-hole of end cover 5, 4 covers of spring are established on first direction awl connecting portion, the first end butt end cover 5 of spring 4, second end butt second direction awl connecting portion, the second end of second direction awl connecting portion is the toper, press from both sides the joint portion of spring 1 through second direction awl connecting portion butt, will press from both sides the restriction of spring 1 in the draw-in groove of stop bush 3. Before the high-pressure gas fails to reach a certain pressure, the guide cone 2 presses the clamping spring 1 tightly in the clamping groove of the limiting bush 3 under the pushing of the spring 4 to realize the locking function; when the high-pressure gas reaches a certain pressure threshold value, the guide cone 2 compresses the spring 4 under the action of the high-pressure gas, the guide cone 2 moves to the end cover 5 for a certain displacement, the limiting effect on the clamp spring 1 is removed, the clamp spring 1 can slide out of the limiting bush 3, and the percussion function is realized.

The constant overload catapult has the advantages that the limiting bush 3 is used for locking and limiting the clamp spring 1, the structural form is shown in fig. 5, the guide limiting is provided for the displacement of the guide cone 2, and the annular groove 6 and the limiting nail 7 are matched to realize the positioning and locking functions of the limiting bush 3.

According to the constant overload catapult, the spring 4 provides pressing force for stably locking the clamping spring 1 for the guide cone 2, and the triggering threshold value of high-pressure gas is adjusted through the spring force of the spring 4, so that the throwing capacity of the constant overload catapult is adjusted.

According to the constant overload catapult, the end cover 5 is fixed on the shell 11 of the constant overload catapult in a threaded connection mode, the structural form is shown in figures 6-7, and the end cover 5 is provided with a screwing handle, so that the rapid loading function under the field condition is facilitated. The guide cone 2 and the spring 4 are loaded through the passage provided by the end cap 5 and are held in locked loading by the end cap 5. When the end cover 5 is in threaded connection with the shell 11, the compression amount of the spring 4 is adjusted by adjusting the number of the screwed threads, and the spring force is adjusted to further adjust the projection energy according to requirements.

According to the constant overload catapult, the pressure accumulator 9 serves as a gas storage mechanism of the catapult to provide power energy for catapult, the structural form is shown in fig. 8, the livestock pressure device mounting part of the shell 11 comprises a first mounting boss arranged on the outer wall surface of the shell 11, and a through hole is formed in the center of the first mounting boss; the livestock pressure device 9 is provided with a livestock pressure pipe part and a second mounting boss, the livestock pressure pipe part is inserted in the through hole of the first mounting boss and communicated with the cavity 8, and the second mounting boss is overlapped on the first mounting boss and is fixedly connected with the first mounting boss in a matched manner through a screw. Advantageously, in this embodiment, a fourth sealing ring is disposed between the livestock pressure pipe portion and the first mounting boss. It can be understood that the pressure accumulator 9 with different volumes and pressures can be replaced according to the energy required by the projectile, and the gas in the pressure accumulator 9 enters the chamber 8 to push the guide cone 2 to displace to release the locking state of the clamp spring 1 and push the clamp spring 1 and the projectile body 1 to realize the projectile function.

The constant overload catapult of the application has a structural form of a projectile body 10 as shown in figure 9, and a connecting lug is arranged at the second end of the projectile body 10. The sliding rail structure is shown in fig. 11 and comprises a rail 15, a switching rocker arm 16, a latch hook 17, a spring 18 and a ramp, wherein a first end of the rail 15 is connected with a second end of the projectile body 10; the switching rocker arm 16 is arranged in the track 15, and a first end of the switching rocker arm 16 is connected with the connecting lug of the emitter 10; a latch hook 17 is arranged at the second end of the switching rocker arm 16 in a manner of being matched with a reed 18; the ramp is disposed at a second end of the track 15; the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected with latch hook 17.

The application discloses permanent overload catapult, theory of operation: after receiving a throwing instruction, high-pressure gas is filled into the pressure accumulator 9 and enters the cavity 8, and when the high-pressure gas reaches a certain pressure, the acting force of the high-pressure gas on the guide cone 2 is greater than the pressing force of the spring 4, the high-pressure gas pushes the guide cone 2 to displace towards the end cover 5 along the axis of the shell 11. After the guide cone 2 is displaced, the clamping spring 1 does not have the extrusion effect from the guide cone 2, the clamping spring 1 slides out along the clamping groove of the limiting bush 3 under the traction of the emitter 10 to release the locking state, the clamping spring 1 and the emitter 10 move outwards along the axis of the shell 11 under the pushing of high-pressure gas and push the switching rocker arm 16 to move along the track 15, the switching rocker arm 16 drives the locking hook 17 to push the unmanned aerial vehicle to do uniform acceleration linear motion along the sliding rail, when the locking hook 17 moves to the guide ramp, the locking hook 17 rotates anticlockwise under the guiding limiting effect of the guide ramp and compresses the reed 18, and when the locking hook 17 rotates for a certain angle, the connection with the unmanned aerial vehicle is released, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle can take off.

The application discloses permanent overload catapult mainly casts the in service behavior towards unmanned aerial vehicle ground to invariable overload casts protection unmanned aerial vehicle structure and equipment and does not receive the damage as the purpose, and can adjust the throwing power size according to unmanned aerial vehicle weight and required take-off speed. The application has the following advantages: a) the accurate control of the drop point of the cast object can be realized by setting the cast angle and the cast direction according to the weight and the geometric conditions of the cast object, and the device is suitable for article transfer and cable delivery under the conditions of offshore ships, buildings, mountains and the like; b) the overload level born by the thrown object can be accurately controlled, and the method is suitable for throwing the unmanned aerial vehicle, the precision sensor and other high-value equipment; c) the throwing air pressure can be adjusted by controlling the compression amount of the spring, so that the rapid state adjustment of the throwing object-oriented condition is realized; d) precise equipment such as a control valve and the like is not needed, and the equipment has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, low manufacturing cost, simplicity and convenience in use and maintenance and the like; e) the air source can adopt compressed air, and can also adopt equipment such as gas holder, solid gas generator and air pump according to actual conditions, also can use convenient tools such as inflater to realize throwing when supporting entry check valve under extreme condition.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A constant-overload catapult, comprising:

the livestock pressure device comprises a shell (11), wherein the shell (11) is cylindrical, a limit nail mounting hole is formed in the side wall, close to the first end, of the shell (11), and a livestock pressure device mounting part is arranged on the side wall in the middle of the shell (11);

the end cover (5) is installed at the first end of the shell (11) in a threaded fit mode, and a through hole is formed in the center of the end cover (5);

an emitter (10), the emitter (10) being nested at a second end of the housing (11);

the limiting bushing (3) is nested in the shell (11), a limiting boss is arranged at the first end of the limiting bushing (3), the limiting boss is matched with a limiting step on the inner wall surface of the shell (11) for limiting, an annular groove (6) is formed in the outer wall surface of the limiting bushing (3), a limiting nail (7) penetrates through a limiting nail mounting hole to be matched with the annular groove (6) to achieve positioning of the limiting bushing (3), and a clamping groove is formed in the second end of the limiting bushing (3);

the clamping spring (1) is arranged in the shell (11), a cavity (8) is formed between the clamping spring (1) and the shell (11), a first end of the clamping spring (1) is arranged in a clamping groove of the limiting bushing (3), and a second end of the clamping spring is connected with a first end of the emitter (10);

the guide cone (2) is nested inside the limiting bushing (3), the first end of the guide cone (2) is arranged in the through hole of the end cover (5) in a matched mode with the spring (4), and the second end of the guide cone is abutted to the first end of the clamping spring (1);

an accumulator (9), the accumulator (9) being mounted on an accumulator mounting portion of the housing (11) and communicating with the chamber (8);

the slide rail, the first end of slide rail with the second end connection of emitter (10), unmanned aerial vehicle sets up on the slide rail.

2. The constant overload catapult according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall surface of the casing (11) is provided with a first sealing groove, and the first sealing groove is used for matching with a first sealing ring (12) to realize air tightness between the limiting bushing (3) and the casing (11).

3. The constant overload ejector according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall surface of the guide cone (2) is provided with a second sealing groove, and the second sealing groove is used for being matched with a second sealing ring (13) to realize airtightness between the guide cone (2) and the limiting bushing (3).

4. The constant-overload catapult according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall surface of the projectile body (10) is provided with a third sealing groove, and the third sealing groove is used for matching with a third sealing ring (14) to realize air tightness between the projectile body (10) and the casing (11).

5. The constant overload catapult according to claim 1, wherein the end cap (5) is provided with a tightening handle.

6. The constant overload catapult according to claim 1, wherein the clamping spring (1) comprises a first clamping spring connecting portion and a second clamping spring connecting portion, the first clamping spring connecting portion comprises a plurality of spring pieces which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, a predetermined gap is formed between every two adjacent spring pieces, first ends of the spring pieces are provided with clamping portions, the clamping portions are arranged in clamping grooves of the limiting bushes (3), first ends of the second clamping spring connecting portions are connected with second ends of the first clamping spring connecting portions, and second ends of the second clamping spring connecting portions are connected with first ends of the emitter (10).

7. The constant overload ejector according to claim 6, wherein the guide cone (2) comprises a first guide cone connecting part and a second guide cone connecting part which are in a step shape, a first end of the first guide cone connecting part is arranged in the through hole of the end cover (5), the spring (4) is sleeved on the first guide cone connecting part, a first end of the spring (4) is abutted against the end cover (5), a second end of the spring is abutted against the second guide cone connecting part, a second end of the second guide cone connecting part is in a conical shape, and the second guide cone connecting part is abutted against the clamping part of the clamping spring (1).

8. The constant-overload catapult according to claim 1, wherein the livestock pressure device mounting part of the shell (11) comprises a first mounting boss arranged on the outer wall surface of the shell (11), and a through hole is formed in the center of the first mounting boss;

the livestock pressure device (9) is provided with a livestock pressure pipe part and a second mounting boss, the livestock pressure pipe part is inserted into the through hole of the first mounting boss and communicated with the cavity (8), and the second mounting boss is overlapped on the first mounting boss and is fixedly connected with the first mounting boss in a matched manner through a screw.

9. The constant-overload ejector as recited in claim 8, wherein a fourth seal ring is disposed between the livestock pressure tube portion and the first mounting boss.

10. The constant-overload ejector as recited in claim 1,

a connecting lug is arranged at the second end of the emitter (10);

the slide rail comprises a track (15), a switching rocker arm (16), a latch hook (17), a spring leaf (18) and a ramp, wherein,

a first end of the track (15) is connected with a second end of the emitter (10);

the switching rocker arm (16) is arranged in the track (15), and a first end of the switching rocker arm (16) is connected with a connecting lug of the emitter (10);

the latch hook (17) is matched with the reed (18) and arranged at the second end of the switching rocker arm (16);

the ramp is arranged at a second end of the track (15);

the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected with the lock hook (17).