CN114883447A - Novel photovoltaic module pressing method - Google Patents

Abstract

Aiming at the problem of the existing rubber sheet lamination method in the lamination process, because the rubber sheet forms a capsule shape when it is expanded under the action of gas, the photovoltaic module is not uniformly pressed, and provides a novel photovoltaic module pressing method. The photovoltaic module is set above the silica gel plate. By filling the vacuum chamber with gas to expand the silica gel plate upward and move the silica gel plate, the silica gel plate and the pressure plate above it meet and then under the pressure of the gas below, together with the pressure plate, the photovoltaic module is exposed to the photovoltaic system. The components are pressurized, and the method of the present invention is used, the silica gel plate is relatively straight, and the silica gel plate moves up under the action of gas to meet the top plate when the photovoltaic cells meet the top plate at basically the same time, avoiding the asynchronous contact between the photovoltaic modules and the top plate. The pressure under compression is different, and since the silicone plate is basically kept in a flat state during the pressing process, the surrounding area will not generate tension on the photovoltaic cell module, so the compression pressure of the photovoltaic module is relatively uniform.

Description

A Novel Pressing Method for Photovoltaic Modules

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of laminators, in particular to a pressing method of photovoltaic modules.

Background technique

At present, companies mainly use two lamination methods when laminating photovoltaic modules. The first is to use a rubber plate laminator to inflate the upper sealing chamber. The other is the hard plate pressure, which uses two hard plates to squeeze the light components located between them. The silicone plate lamination method is adopted. Since the silicone plate is inflated from the top of the silicone plate, the silicone plate moves downward. Under the action of gravity, the silicone plate will sag. Therefore, after the upper sealing chamber is inflated, the rubber plate will be in the shape of a capsule, resulting in a steep slope. Because the middle part of the silicone plate protrudes downward the most, the middle part of the silicone plate first contacts the workbench. When the time and pressure are different, the pressure on the photovoltaic modules is uneven. When the external environment is not friendly, the photovoltaic modules are easy to crack, which reduces the performance of the photovoltaic modules and affects the use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of photovoltaic module pressing in view of the problem of uneven pressure on the photovoltaic module due to the expansion of the rubber plate under the action of gas during the lamination process of the existing rubber plate type lamination method. method.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A novel pressing method for photovoltaic modules, which is characterized in that an upper sealing chamber is arranged above a silica gel plate, a lower sealing chamber is arranged below, the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are separated by a silica gel plate, and the upper sealing chamber has a pressing plate, a pressing plate It is located above the silica gel plate, and the photovoltaic module is set above the silica gel plate. By filling the vacuum chamber with gas to expand the silica gel plate upwards and move the silica gel plate, the silica gel plate meets the pressure plate above it and then the gas below it. Apply pressure to the photovoltaic modules together with the pressure plate under pressure;

First vacuum the upper sealing chamber and then inflate the lower space of the silicone plate;

Heat the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber to make the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reach the melting temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and make the lower sealing chamber reach a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the packaging material, and then vacuum the upper sealing chamber, and the upper sealing chamber After the process vacuum is reached, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic module, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is kept at the temperature at which the packaging material is melted;

The upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are heated so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the temperature at which the photovoltaic module packaging material is cured, and the lower sealing chamber is higher than the temperature at which the packaging material is cured, and then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated, and the upper sealing chamber is evacuated. After reaching the process vacuum, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic module, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is kept at the temperature for curing the packaging material;

Heat the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber to make the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reach the melting temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and make the lower sealing chamber reach a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the packaging material, and then vacuum the upper sealing chamber, and the upper sealing chamber After the process vacuum is reached, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic module, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is kept at the temperature that melts the packaging material, and then the The photovoltaic module enters the lamination chamber composed of the next upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber for curing. During curing, the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are heated so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the curing temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, so that the The lower sealing chamber reaches a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the packaging material, and then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated. After the upper sealing chamber reaches the process vacuum, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to supply the photovoltaic modules. applying a set pressure and maintaining the temperature of the lower sealing chamber at a temperature that cures the encapsulation material;

The photovoltaic modules are pressed by the following laminator. The laminator includes an upper box body and a lower box body. The upper box body and the lower box body are closed to form a sealed lamination cavity. The photovoltaic module conveyor belt is arranged around the lower box body. The upper box body includes a top plate and a cavity below the top plate, the lower box body includes a lower box frame, a silica gel plate is arranged at the upper opening of the lower box frame, the silica gel plate closes the upper opening of the lower box frame, and the upper box body When the lower box is closed, the lamination cavity formed by closing the upper box and the lower box is divided into the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber by the silica gel plate. The upper sealing chamber is connected with the vacuuming device, and the lower sealing chamber is The chamber is connected with the inflatable device, when the photovoltaic module conveyor belt conveys the photovoltaic modules to the lamination cavity, the photovoltaic module conveyor belt is located above the silicone sheet, and the photovoltaic module is received and carried by the silicone sheet, when the lamination is performed, the lower sealed chamber is inflated Make the silicone plate expand and move up to meet the top plate to put pressure on the photovoltaic modules;

A workbench is arranged in the lower box body, the workbench is located in the lower box frame or below the lower box frame, and a heating device or a cooling device is arranged in the workbench to make the workbench form a heating source or a cooling source;

A temperature detection device is set up, and the temperature in the upper sealing chamber detected by the probe of the temperature detection device is used as the basis for judging whether the packaging material has reached the melting temperature. When the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the melting temperature of the packaging material, it is considered that the temperature has reached the set process. temperature.

Two of the laminators are used, and one of the two laminators first heats and pressurizes the photovoltaic modules, and then enters the second laminator and then performs lamination and curing.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

By adopting the method of the present invention, due to the inflation from below the silica gel plate, the expansion force of the silica gel plate overcomes the gravity of the silica gel plate, so that the silica gel plate does not form a steep slope during the pressing process, the silica gel plate is relatively straight, and the silica gel plate moves up under the action of the gas When the photovoltaic cell meets the top plate, the time when the photovoltaic cell meets the top plate is basically the same, which avoids the different pressure due to the asynchronous contact between the photovoltaic module and the top plate, and because the silicone plate is basically kept in a flat state during the pressing process. Photovoltaic cell modules generate tensile force, so the compression pressure of photovoltaic modules is relatively uniform.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the novel photovoltaic module pressing method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1 .

Description of reference numbers,

100, upper box; 101, upper box body; 102, frame flange; 103, sealing ring; 104 - high temperature resistant isolation belt; 105, top plate; 106, chamber;

200, lower box; 201, lower box frame; 201, frame bead; 202, silicone plate; 203, workbench; 204, photovoltaic module; 205, photovoltaic module conveyor belt; 206, shoulder; 207, lower sealing chamber;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the method of the present invention, the photovoltaic module is placed above the silica gel plate, an upper sealing chamber is formed above the silica gel plate, and a lower sealing chamber is formed below the silica gel plate, and the upper sealing chamber is evacuated to the process vacuum degree and then the downward sealing chamber is formed Inflation moves the silicone plate, and the silicone plate meets the pressure plate fixed in the upper sealing chamber to apply process pressure to the battery assembly, and after the pressure is maintained, the pressing is completed.

The method of the present invention can be used for hot press lamination, curing and cold pressing. When hot press lamination is performed, pressing is accomplished using the following process. First heat the photovoltaic modules to a temperature that melts the packaging material, then give the photovoltaic modules a vacuum environment, inflate the silicone plate under the silicone plate to move the silicone plate upwards, and drive the photovoltaic modules on it to move up together until it is connected with the top plate above the photovoltaic modules. Or the pressure plates meet and continue to inflate to make the gas pressure under the silicone plate reach the specified pressure, and the gas pressure is transmitted to the photovoltaic modules and the pressure plate through the silicone plate, and the silicone plate applies pressure to the photovoltaic modules. In this process, it is best to use the temperature in the space above the silicone plate, that is, the temperature in the upper sealing chamber as the measurement temperature to determine whether the melting temperature of the packaging material has been reached, so that the temperature of the space under the silicone plate is higher than that of the space above the silicone plate. Therefore, since the silica gel plate has a certain thickness, it isolates the temperature of the space above and the space below it, so that the gas in the space above and below the space does not flow, so the heat is transferred by the heat conduction of the silica gel plate itself. When inflating under the silicone plate, the normal temperature gas is filled. After the gas is filled, the temperature in the space under the silicone plate will decrease. If the temperature is lowered too much, the temperature of the silicone plate will decrease, which will affect the melting of the packaging material and make the packaging material. Uneven melting will affect the exhaust and packaging effect. When the temperature under the silicone plate is higher than the set process temperature, the temperature of the silicone plate will not drop below the melting temperature of the packaging material after filling with normal temperature gas to ensure that the packaging material is fully melted. .

The pressing method of the present invention can be implemented using a laminator of the following structure.

As shown in Figures 1-2, the laminator of the present invention is an improvement based on the structure of the silicone plate laminator. It includes an upper box 100 and a lower box 200. The upper box includes an upper box body 101, and its top plate 105 is used as a pressing plate during lamination. The top plate of the upper box body can be a flat plate or a curved plate adapted to the surface of the photovoltaic module to be pressed. , a cavity 106 can also be provided, the top of the cavity is a plane or a curved surface that matches the surface of the photovoltaic module to be pressed. When the cavity 102 is set under the top plate, a sealing ring can be directly installed on the lower end surface of the top plate, and the The cavity accommodates the photovoltaic modules. When the lower surface of the top plate is not provided with a flat or curved plate, a frame flange 102 is provided on the lower end surface of the top plate, and the frame flange is sealed and fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the top plate 105 to form a cavity for accommodating photovoltaic modules. A sealing ring is arranged below the frame flange for sealing the upper case and the lower case to form a sealed lamination cavity when the upper case and the lower case are closed. When a cavity is provided on the lower surface of the top plate, a frame flange can also be provided on the lower end face of the top plate to increase the depth of the cavity. The lower box 200 includes a lower box body 201, the lower box body includes a lower box frame 201, preferably a workbench 203 is arranged in the lower box body, the workbench is supported and fixed by the lower box body, and the lower box frame 201 is arranged above or around the workbench, The lower box frame is located above the workbench or around the workbench. According to the purpose of the laminator, the workbench can be a heating workbench provided with heating components, or a cooling workbench provided with refrigeration components. A silicone plate 202 is arranged at the opening, and a frame-type bead is arranged above the edge of the silicone plate. The silicone plate is fixed on the lower box frame through the frame-type bead 201. The edge of the upper end is provided with a shoulder 206 to accommodate the frame-type bead 201. The upper surface of the frame-type bead is flush with the upper surface of the silicone plate at the opening of the lower box frame, and the silicone plate is tightened through the frame-type bead. The opening of the lower box frame The upper opening of the lower box frame is sealed and the silicone plate is flush with the upper surface of the frame bead, which is conducive to the transmission of battery components. When the upper case body and the lower case body are closed, the lamination cavity composed of the upper case body and the lower case body is divided into an upper sealing chamber 107 and a lower sealing chamber 207 by the silicone plate. When there is a workbench, due to the existence of the lower box frame, there is a certain distance between the silica gel plate and the workbench, and the workbench heats or cools the silica gel plate in a space. Or the cooling air heats or cools the silicone plate, so the temperature of the silicone plate is uniform, and the heating uniformity of the photovoltaic module is good. The silica gel plate and the cavity on the upper box form an upper sealing chamber 107, the upper sealing chamber is connected with the vacuum device, the air bubbles in the photovoltaic module are evacuated by the vacuum device, and the lower sealing chamber is communicated with the inflating device, which is evacuated by the inflating device. For example, the air compressor is inflated. When inflating, the silicone plate expands and bulges upward to drive the photovoltaic module to move toward the top plate until it meets the top plate. The gas in the lower sealing chamber presses the top plate through the silicone plate, so that the silicone plate and the top plate work together to add pressure to the photovoltaic module. pressure.

Using the laminator with the structure of the present invention, since the photovoltaic modules are located on the silica gel board and are supported by the silica gel board, when the inflatable silica gel board expands in the downward sealing chamber, the expansion direction of the silica gel board is opposite to the direction of gravity of the silica gel board, so the silica gel board is not easy to The silica gel plate is relatively straight as a whole. When the silica gel plate drives the photovoltaic modules to move toward the top plate and meet the top plate, the gas diffusion will not cause uneven pressure in the middle pressure and small side pressure after encountering resistance. Therefore, the pressure on the photovoltaic modules is relatively uniform, which helps to maintain the performance of the photovoltaic modules and is conducive to resisting bad environments. Through comparative experiments, under the same process conditions, the photovoltaic module pressed by the laminator with the structure of the present invention has a cracking ratio of 15-30% less than that of the laminator with the usual structure.

When the temperature of the space above the silica gel plate is used as the melting temperature of the packaging material to determine whether it has reached, the temperature detection device is set in the upper sealing chamber, and the detected temperature of the inner space of the upper sealing chamber is used as the process temperature for the complete melting of the packaging material of the photovoltaic module , using the above structure, when the lamination chamber is heated, since the silicone plate divides the lamination chamber into an upper sealing chamber and a lower sealing chamber, and the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are not connected, the temperature of the upper sealing chamber depends on the silica gel The temperature of the board is heated. When the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the set temperature, the temperature of the silica gel board is greater than or equal to the melting temperature of the packaging material, the photovoltaic modules are fully heated, and the temperature of the top plate of the upper box also reaches the set temperature. The temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the packaging material. When the upper sealing chamber is evacuated, the packaging material has good fluidity and air bubbles are easily removed. When the lower sealing chamber is inflated, the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is higher than that of the upper sealing chamber. Therefore, the charged normal temperature gas can compensate for the cooling of the lower sealing chamber. When laminating, the actual temperature of the lamination will not be greatly different from the set lamination temperature due to the charged normal temperature gas, so the difficulty of process control is reduced. , the temperature of the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber will not differ too much during lamination. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the upper and lower surfaces of the photovoltaic module is uniform, which is conducive to lamination curing.

Using the laminator with the above structure, the specific lamination process is as follows:

1. Open the upper box, the laminated photovoltaic modules are driven by the power transmission system, and the high temperature cloth is transferred to the silica gel plate;

2. Close the upper box, the upper box and the lower box form a sealed lamination cavity through the sealing ring 103, the sealing cavity is heated by the workbench, the heat is conducted to the silica gel plate through the air, and the photovoltaic module is heated by the silica gel plate, and then The upper sealing chamber is heated by the silicone plate, so that the entire lamination chamber reaches the process temperature. When the temperature in the lamination chamber reaches the temperature at which the packaging materials of the photovoltaic modules are completely melted, a vacuum device is used to extract the mixed gas in the upper sealing chamber. And make the upper sealing chamber reach the ultimate vacuum state, so that the upper sealing chamber forms a vacuum lamination environment.

3. When the upper sealing chamber is in a vacuum state, the control valve of the lower air-filled pipe is opened according to the process requirements, and air is filled to push the photovoltaic module conveyor belt and the silica gel plate to rise, so that the laminated photovoltaic modules contact the bottom of the top plate of the upper box, and the silica gel The combined force of the plate and the top plate of the upper box exerts process pressure on the photovoltaic modules.

4. After the process pressure and process time are reached, the upper sealing chamber is filled into the atmosphere, and there is no pressure difference between the chamber and the outside world, and the silica gel plate is lowered.

5. The upper box is opened, and the laminated photovoltaic modules are driven by the power transmission system to move the lower high-temperature cloth to transfer the laminated photovoltaic modules to the next process. At the same time, the power transmission system drives the upper high-temperature cloth to move out and transport it out of the upper sealing chamber. The lamination process Finish.

The specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A novel method for pressing photovoltaic modules, characterized in that an upper sealing chamber is arranged above the silica gel plate, a lower sealing chamber is arranged below, the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are separated by a silica gel plate, and the upper sealing chamber has a pressing plate. , the pressure plate is located above the silica gel plate, and the photovoltaic module is set above the silica gel plate. By filling the vacuum chamber with gas to expand the silica gel plate upward and move the silica gel plate, the silica gel plate and the pressure plate located above it meet and then move downward. The photovoltaic modules are pressurized together with the pressure plate under the pressure of the gas. 2 . The novel pressing method of photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 , wherein the upper sealing chamber is evacuated first, and then the lower space of the silica gel plate is inflated. 3 . 3. The novel photovoltaic module pressing method according to claim 1, wherein the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are heated, so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the melting temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and the lower sealing chamber reaches The temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the packaging material, and then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated. After the upper sealing chamber reaches the process vacuum, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic module. pressure, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is maintained at a temperature that melts the encapsulating material. 4. The novel photovoltaic module pressing method according to claim 1, wherein the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are heated so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the curing temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber reaches Higher than the temperature at which the encapsulation material is cured, then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated. After the upper sealing chamber reaches the process vacuum, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic modules. pressure, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is maintained at a temperature that cures the encapsulation material. 5. The novel method for pressing photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are heated so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the melting temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber reaches The temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the packaging material, and then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated. After the upper sealing chamber reaches the process vacuum, the lower sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, so that the lower sealing chamber reaches the set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic modules. pressure, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is kept at a temperature that melts the encapsulating material, and then the photovoltaic module enters the lamination chamber composed of the next upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber for curing. The sealing chamber is heated, so that the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the curing temperature of the photovoltaic module packaging material, and the lower sealing chamber reaches a temperature higher than the curing temperature of the packaging material, and then the upper sealing chamber is evacuated, and the upper sealing chamber reaches the process vacuum and then downwards The sealing chamber is filled with normal temperature gas, the lower sealing chamber is brought to a set pressure to apply the set pressure to the photovoltaic module, and the temperature of the lower sealing chamber is maintained at a temperature for curing the encapsulation material. 6. The novel photovoltaic module pressing method according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic module is pressed by the following laminator, the laminator comprising an upper box, a lower box, an upper box and a lower box The body is closed to form a sealed lamination cavity, the photovoltaic module conveyor belt is arranged around the lower box, the upper box includes a top plate and a cavity below the top plate, the lower box includes a lower box, and the upper box of the lower box is A silica gel plate is arranged at the opening, and the silica gel plate closes the upper opening of the lower box frame. When the upper box body and the lower box body are closed, the laminated cavity formed by the closure of the upper box body and the lower box body is separated by the silica gel plate into the said lamination cavity. The upper sealing chamber and the lower sealing chamber are connected with the vacuuming device, and the lower sealing chamber is connected with the inflating device. When the photovoltaic module conveyor belt transports the photovoltaic modules to the lamination chamber, the photovoltaic module conveyor belt is located above the silicone plate , The photovoltaic module is received and carried by the silicone plate. When lamination is performed, the lower sealing chamber is inflated to make the silicone plate expand and move up to meet the top plate to put pressure on the photovoltaic module. 7 . The novel photovoltaic module pressing method according to claim 6 , wherein a workbench is arranged in the lower box, the workbench is located in the lower box frame or below the lower box frame, and the workbench is provided with a The heating device or the cooling device makes the workbench form a heating source or a cooling source. 8. The novel method for pressing photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: a temperature detection device is provided, and the temperature in the upper sealing chamber detected by the probe of the temperature detection device is used as the basis for judging whether the packaging material reaches the melting temperature. When the temperature of the upper sealing chamber reaches the melting temperature of the packaging material, it is considered that the temperature has reached the set process temperature. 9 . The novel pressing method of photovoltaic modules according to claim 4 , wherein two laminators are used, and one of the two laminators first heats and presses the photovoltaic modules, and then enters the laminator. 10 . Lamination curing is carried out after the second laminator.

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