CN114857351A - High-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline installation method - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114857351A CN114857351A CN202210335527.4A CN202210335527A CN114857351A CN 114857351 A CN114857351 A CN 114857351A CN 202210335527 A CN202210335527 A CN 202210335527A CN 114857351 A CN114857351 A CN 114857351A
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 197
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/053—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/06—Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for installing a high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, which sequentially comprises the following steps: construction planning, pipeline assembly, pipeline welding, pipeline installation requirements, pipeline heat treatment and pipeline pressure testing. In the construction process, strict control is carried out in the aspects of welding material selection, welding quality control and post-welding treatment, pipeline installation, pressure test and the like, so that a set of high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen-contacting pipeline installation technology is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen pipelines, in particular to a method for installing a high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen pipeline.
Background
A light hydrocarbon comprehensive utilization project comprises a 45-million-ton/year pyrolysis petroleum hydrogenation device set, a pipe gallery is divided into three areas (including the pipe gallery) as a boundary, pipelines in the gasoline hydrogenation device are divided into pipelines for a HYDROGEN medium, pipelines for an acid medium and pipelines for other media according to grades, wherein the pipelines for the HYDROGEN medium comprise A106GR.B, A106GR.B HYDROGEN, A335GR.P11HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP316L HYDROGEN and A312GR.TP321 HYDROGEN, the pipe diameter ranges from DN20mm to DN400mm, the wall thickness ranges from 2.87mm to 16.66mm, the maximum design temperature is 495 ℃, the maximum design pressure is 20MPa, the maximum test pressure is 33.33MPa, the pipeline medium risk is high, the quality requirement is high, all OG wall thickness grades A1115HYDROGEN pipelines need to be subjected to heat treatment according to the requirements of standard specifications, the construction and the quality control requirements of an integral system of the project are set, and the construction requirements are further raised in the construction process of selecting and the engineering from the engineering process of construction wall thickness grades A10611111111115K and welding materials, The welding quality control, the post-welding treatment, the pipeline installation, the pressure test and the like are strictly controlled, and a set of high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen-contacting pipeline installation technology is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a method for installing a high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline.
The specific scheme is as follows:
the method for installing the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: construction planning, pipeline assembly, pipeline welding, pipeline installation requirements, pipeline heat treatment and pipeline pressure testing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the construction plan includes:
(1) the prefabrication depth of the pipeline is enhanced; in order to avoid the condition that reworking of the prefabricated pipeline is caused by the fact that the sizes of elements such as a valve and the like are inconsistent with a drawing in the conventional process, project workers check the valve element object of the pipeline body with the drawing, find that the size deviation is corrected in time in the prefabrication process, improve the prefabrication qualification rate of the pipeline and enable the prefabrication depth of the pipeline to reach about 65%;
(2) arranging fixed teams and groups for construction; arrange 5 fixed teams and groups subregion and carry out the pipeline installation welding that has just been met with hydrogen specially, do not carry out other work before the pipeline construction that has just been met with hydrogen is accomplished, select from on-the-spot qualification for a job welder who has engaged in similar pipeline welding to carry out this part pipeline construction, promoted work efficiency and pipeline welding qualification rate, pipeline welding qualification rate reaches more than 99%.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipeline pair assembly sequentially comprises the following steps: checking the size of the pipe butt joint → cleaning the pipeline → piping → straightening the first pipeline → finding the size of the butt gap → leveling the butt joint, straightening the second pipeline → spot welding, avoiding forced assembly on site and reducing the tensile stress of the welding seam.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the pipeline team further comprises:
(1) after prefabrication of each pipe section short section is completed, a furnace batch number, a pipeline number, a welding opening number, a pipeline material, a welder number, a welding date and an inspector are marked;
(2) when the pipeline assembly is positioned, the inner wall is smooth, and the misalignment of the inner wall is not more than 10% of the wall thickness;
(3) adjusting the gap between the two ends of the pipe to be positioned is generally carried out by matching a screw jack and a chain block, or adjusting the gap by using a pipeline tool, and positioning and aligning the pipe with a large diameter by using 8 tools;
(4) an iron hammer is not required to knock the stainless steel pipe, and a wood hammer or a copper hammer is used;
(5) when the flanges are paired, the parallelism and the coaxiality of the flanges are checked by using a straight ruler or a feeler gauge, and then the flanges and the pipes are subjected to spot welding positioning; when the single flange and the pipe are assembled in advance, the verticality of the end surface of the single flange and the pipe is checked by a square ruler, and spot welding positioning is carried out after the verticality meets the requirement;
(6) the on-site pipeline installation is carried out synchronously, and a support and a hanger are installed and recorded;
(7) in the process of installing stainless steel pipelines, the phenomenon of carburization between the stainless steel pipelines and connecting pieces of a carbon steel bracket is avoided, and meanwhile, other splashes generated in the process of cross cutting and welding of the pipelines cause pollution and corrosion phenomena are also isolated.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pipe welding comprises welding material selection and welding requirements.
Wherein, the welding material selection comprises:
(1) the material of the A106GR.B HYDROGEN pipeline is different from that of the A106GR.B pipeline, ER50-G welding wires are used for priming, and E4315P welding wires are used for filling and covering;
(2) A335GR.P11HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP316L HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP321 HYDROGEN and according to the assessment requirements of welding process, respectively selecting TIG-R30 welding wire and E5515-B2 welding rod, ER316L welding wire and E316L-16 welding rod, S321 welding wire and E347-16 welding rod to carry out welding;
(3) for the alloy steel pipeline, preheating before welding is carried out at 100-150 ℃, heating is evenly carried out on two sides of the groove during preheating, and the pipeline is preheated by an electric heating belt.
Wherein the welding requirements include: on the premise of meeting the requirements of weld forming and welding quality, a U + V combined groove form is adopted, the amount of welding deposited metal is reduced, the heat input into a welding pool is reduced, the time of stay of a welding joint in a sensitization temperature range of 450-850 ℃ is shortened, and the influence of sensitization on the welding joint is reduced; the manual argon tungsten-arc welding which has low welding line energy and is easy to carry out welding seam gas protection is adopted for backing welding, manual electric arc welding of multilayer multi-pass welding with lower welding speed and welding line energy input is used for filling and capping, and meanwhile, the argon-filling protection combined welding method is carried out on the back of a workpiece;
(1) a brittle sigma phase is precipitated at high temperature of a welding line, so that the whole welding line joint is embrittled, the plasticity and the toughness are obviously reduced, and the precipitation is more when the heating time is longer, so that the cooling speed is accelerated by selecting smaller welding current and faster welding speed, and stable heat treatment is carried out after welding;
(2) the quality of an arc starting position and an arc stopping position is ensured during welding, an arc pit is filled during arc stopping to prevent the formation of arc pit cracks, interlayer joints of multi-layer welding are staggered, a next layer of welding line is welded after a previous layer of welding line is cooled, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃, the temperature is not too high, and the key for ensuring no cracks is realized;
(3) after welding, the welding seam and two sides should be cleaned in time. The rapid accumulation of sulfur in the molten slag is avoided, and embrittlement is avoided. In addition, some elements in the slag can chemically corrode the pipeline after reaching the melting point.
By the method, the temperature between welding layers is effectively reduced, the stay time of the welding joint in the sensitization temperature interval is shortened, the adverse effect of the sensitization temperature on the welding joint is reduced, meanwhile, the oxidation of the welding joint is avoided, and the forming quality of the inner part and the surface of the welding joint is ensured.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the pipe installation requirements include:
(1) the prefabricated pipelines are installed according to the pipeline numbers and the prefabricated sequence numbers;
(2) when the pipeline is installed, the flange sealing surface and the gasket are inspected, and the defects of scratches and corrosion points which influence the sealing performance are avoided;
(3) the flange connection is concentric with the pipe, and the free penetration of the bolt is ensured; mounting the flange bolt hole span in the middle; the method of fastening the bolt cannot be used for eliminating the skew; the mounting directions of the flange connecting bolts are consistent, the bolts are tightly attached to the flange after being fastened, wedge gaps are avoided, and when gaskets are required to be added, no more than one bolt is needed;
(4) bolts and nuts connected with the flanges are coated with the bolts and the nuts according to the standards of the owner project; when the pipeline is aligned with the port, the straightness is measured at a position 200mm away from the center of the port, and when the Dg of the pipeline is less than 100mm, the tolerance is 1 mm; when Dg is larger than or equal to 100mm, the tolerance is 2mm, but the full-length tolerance is 10 mm;
(5) when the pipeline is connected, the defects of gaps, deflection, staggered joints or non-concentricity of the end face of the interface can not be eliminated by methods such as strong butt joint, bias cushion addition or multi-layer cushion addition;
(6) the support and hanger for installing the pipeline in time at the same time of installing the pipeline has the basic requirements; the model and the position are correct, the installation is smooth and firm, and the contact is good; the installation of the fixed bracket is strictly carried out according to the design requirement; the defects of missing welding, lack welding, welding cracks and the like cannot occur to the pipeline support hanger, the phenomena of meat biting, burning through and the like cannot occur to the pipe when the pipeline support hanger is welded, and the cutting sharp corners at the end part of the pipe frame are all polished to be arc-shaped so as to prevent people from being injured.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat treatment of the pipe comprises:
(1) according to the design description, part of the design requirements of the thermal treatment of the pipeline in hydrogen are in conflict with the current standard specification, the project department coordinates the design and calls the docking meeting, the parameter adjustment is carried out, and the full coverage of the thermal treatment of the pipeline in hydrogen is ensured, which is shown in table 1:
table 1: heat treatment range table
(2) The heat treatment process card is compiled according to the standard requirement parameters of SH3501-2011 and GB50235-2010, safety technology cross-over work is done on site for heat treatment personnel, the pipeline welded junction of A335GR.P11 HYDROGEGEN with the wall thickness less than or equal to 13mm is executed according to the heat treatment parameters with the wall thickness more than 13mm through communication with the design, and relevant parameters are verified through hardness detection in the actual construction process.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pressure test of the pipeline comprises the following steps:
(1) clean water is adopted as a pipeline test pressure medium, the test pressure is 1.5 times of the design pressure, ethylene glycol is added into water for pressure test, the freezing point is reduced to-5 ℃, the pipeline is prevented from being frozen, breaking and combining of the packages are reasonably carried out according to weather conditions, the pressure test work of the water feeding pressure test package on the same day is ensured to be finished, and the accumulated water is blown out by using compressed air immediately after the pressure test of each pipeline is finished;
(2) through the cooperation office mode, can effectually grasp the site conditions often, avoid information lag or drawback such as information inaccurate, very big improvement the pressure testing progress, through this kind of mode, the gasoline hydrogenation device has opened the pressure testing process in whole project first, accomplishes the pressure testing work a week earlier than anticipated plan, has practiced thrift a large amount of manpowers and material resources.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the purchasing period of the hydro-material is longer and the price is higher, the pipeline typesetting is carried out in advance according to the drawing, the statistics of the length of each pipeline is realized as far as possible, the material waste is reduced, and the material shortage condition is avoided; in addition, the project pipeline and the pipe fitting are provided for a plurality of suppliers, the purchasing period of the hydrogen material is long, if the problem cannot be found in time, the influence on the subsequent construction is caused, and the matching degree check is carried out on the special material and the large-caliber material when the material enters the field; the guarantee is made for the process construction;
(2) the heat treatment and flaw detection are coordinated, in order to avoid secondary heat treatment after repair after unqualified flaw detection after heat treatment is finished, a pipeline in hydrogen is subjected to flaw detection and then heat treatment according to material conditions, but cracks are generated due to late heat treatment after welding of a welding seam, flaw detection can meet related progress requirements, a group of fixed personnel is dispatched to perform heat treatment work on the pipeline in hydrogen, regional special workers are subjected to butt joint every day in the afternoon, a joint and a scaffold are set up in advance, the welding opening on the day is guaranteed to be finished by flaw detection on the day, and conditions are created for subsequent processes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the alignment of the tube set.
List of reference numerals:
1-a first pipe section, 2-a second pipe section, 3-a positioning steel plate, 4-a nut and 5-a single-head bolt.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention.
The operating environment of the process pipeline in the presence of hydrogen is in a high-temperature, high-pressure and hydrogen state, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen and other hydrogen compounds is high, and the process pipeline has a corrosion effect in the reaction process, wherein H is at high temperature and high pressure 2 Corrosion, high temperature H 2 S-hydrogen corrosion is the most serious corrosion type, so that the breakage of pipes and welding seams of a production device is caused to cause serious safety, the welding of a hydrogen pipeline is important in the whole construction process, and the main defects which easily appear in the welding process of a hydrogen process pipe comprise: the weld joint and the heat affected zone have high hot crack sensitivity, intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, sigma phase embrittlement of the weld joint and the like; the analysis and experiment show that the reasons for the problems are divided into the following four types, and strict control is required.
(1) Welding hot cracks; the cause is as follows: the welding materials are not used properly, and the welding process is not selected properly;
(2) intergranular corrosion; the cause is as follows: the welding materials are not used properly, the welding process is not selected properly, and stable heat treatment is not carried out;
(3) stress corrosion cracking; the cause is as follows: reasonable and reasonable processing and assembling processes are not established, and the welding process is not suitable for selection; no stabilization heat treatment was performed.
(4) Welding joint sigma phase embrittlement; the cause is as follows: the welding materials are not used properly, and the welding process is not selected properly.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for installing the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline sequentially comprises the following steps: construction planning, pipeline assembly, pipeline welding, pipeline installation requirements, pipeline heat treatment and pipeline pressure testing.
In this embodiment, the construction plan includes:
(1) the prefabrication depth of the pipeline is enhanced; in order to avoid the condition that reworking of the prefabricated pipeline is caused by the fact that the sizes of elements such as a valve and the like are inconsistent with a drawing in the conventional process, project workers check the valve element object of the pipeline body with the drawing, find that the size deviation is corrected in time in the prefabrication process, improve the prefabrication qualification rate of the pipeline and enable the prefabrication depth of the pipeline to reach about 65%;
(2) arranging fixed teams and groups for construction; arrange 5 fixed teams and groups subregion and carry out the pipeline installation welding that has just been met with hydrogen specially, do not carry out other work before the pipeline construction that has just been met with hydrogen is accomplished, select from on-the-spot qualification for a job welder who has engaged in similar pipeline welding to carry out this part pipeline construction, promoted work efficiency and pipeline welding qualification rate, pipeline welding qualification rate reaches more than 99%.
In this embodiment, the pipe pair group sequentially includes the following steps: checking the size of the pipe butt joint → cleaning the pipeline → piping → straightening the first pipeline → finding the size of the butt gap → leveling the butt joint, straightening the second pipeline → spot welding, avoiding forced assembly on site and reducing the tensile stress of the welding seam.
In this embodiment, the pipe formation further includes:
(1) after prefabrication of each pipe section short section is completed, a furnace batch number, a pipeline number, a welding opening number, a pipeline material, a welder number, a welding date and an inspector are marked;
(2) when the pipeline assembly is positioned, the inner wall is smooth, and the misalignment of the inner wall is not more than 10% of the wall thickness;
(3) the adjustment of the gap between the two ends of the pipe is carried out by the cooperation of a screw jack and a chain block during the assembly positioning, or the adjustment can be carried out by a pipeline tool, 8 tools are adopted for positioning and alignment aiming at the large pipe diameter, as shown in figure 2, a first pipe section 1 and a second pipe section 2 are positioned by a positioning steel plate 3, a nut 4 and a single-head bolt 5;
(4) the stainless steel pipe cannot be knocked by an iron hammer, and a wood hammer or a copper hammer is used;
(5) when the flanges are paired, the parallelism and the coaxiality of the flanges are checked by using a straight ruler or a feeler gauge, and then the flanges and the pipes are subjected to spot welding positioning; when the single flange and the pipe are assembled in advance, the verticality of the end surface of the single flange and the pipe is checked by a square ruler, and spot welding positioning is carried out after the verticality meets the requirement;
(6) the on-site pipeline installation is carried out synchronously, and a support and a hanger are installed and recorded;
(7) in the process of installing stainless steel pipelines, the phenomenon of carburization between the stainless steel pipelines and connecting pieces of a carbon steel bracket is avoided, and meanwhile, other splashes generated in the process of cross cutting and welding of the pipelines cause pollution and corrosion phenomena are also isolated.
In this embodiment, the pipe welding includes weld material selection and welding requirements.
Wherein, the welding material selection comprises:
(1) the material of the A106GR.B HYDROGEN pipeline is different from that of the A106GR.B pipeline, ER50-G welding wires are used for priming, and E4315P welding wires are used for filling and covering;
(2) A335GR.P11HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP316L HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP321 HYDROGEN and according to the assessment requirements of welding process, respectively selecting TIG-R30 welding wire and E5515-B2 welding rod, ER316L welding wire and E316L-16 welding rod, S321 welding wire and E347-16 welding rod to carry out welding;
(3) for the alloy steel pipeline, preheating before welding is carried out at 100-150 ℃, heating is evenly carried out on two sides of the groove during preheating, and the pipeline is preheated by an electric heating belt.
Wherein the welding requirements include: on the premise of meeting the requirements of weld forming and welding quality, a U + V combined groove form is adopted, the amount of welding deposited metal is reduced, the heat input into a welding pool is reduced, the time of stay of a welding joint in a sensitization temperature range of 450-850 ℃ is shortened, and the influence of sensitization on the welding joint is reduced; the manual argon tungsten-arc welding which has low welding line energy and is easy to carry out welding seam gas protection is adopted for backing welding, manual electric arc welding of multilayer multi-pass welding with lower welding speed and welding line energy input is used for filling and capping, and meanwhile, the argon-filling protection combined welding method is carried out on the back of a workpiece;
(1) a brittle sigma phase is precipitated at high temperature of a welding line, so that the whole welding line joint is embrittled, the plasticity and the toughness are obviously reduced, and the precipitation is more when the heating time is longer, so that the cooling speed is accelerated by selecting smaller welding current and faster welding speed, and stable heat treatment is carried out after welding;
(2) the quality of an arc starting position and an arc stopping position is ensured during welding, an arc pit is filled during arc stopping to prevent the formation of arc pit cracks, interlayer joints of multi-layer welding are staggered, a next layer of welding line is welded after a previous layer of welding line is cooled, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃, the temperature is not too high, and the key for ensuring no cracks is realized;
(3) after welding, the welding seam and two sides should be cleaned in time. The rapid accumulation of sulfur in the molten slag is avoided, and embrittlement is caused. In addition, some elements in the slag can chemically corrode the pipeline after reaching the melting point.
By the method, the temperature between welding layers is effectively reduced, the stay time of the welding joint in the sensitization temperature interval is shortened, the adverse effect of the sensitization temperature on the welding joint is reduced, meanwhile, the oxidation of the welding joint is avoided, and the forming quality of the inner part and the surface of the welding joint is ensured.
In this embodiment, the pipeline installation requirements include:
(1) the prefabricated pipelines are installed according to the pipeline numbers and the prefabricated sequence numbers;
(2) when the pipeline is installed, the flange sealing surface and the gasket are inspected, and the defects of scratches and corrosion points which influence the sealing performance are avoided;
(3) the flange connection is concentric with the pipe, and the free penetration of the bolt is ensured; mounting the flange bolt hole span in the middle; the method of fastening the bolt cannot be used for eliminating the skew; the mounting directions of the flange connecting bolts are consistent, the bolts are tightly attached to the flange after being fastened, wedge gaps are avoided, and when gaskets are required to be added, no more than one bolt is needed;
(4) bolts and nuts connected with the flanges are coated with the bolts and the nuts according to the standards of the owner project; when the pipeline is aligned with the port, the straightness is measured at a position 200mm away from the center of the port, and when the Dg of the pipeline is less than 100mm, the tolerance is 1 mm; when Dg is larger than or equal to 100mm, the tolerance is 2mm, but the full-length tolerance is 10 mm;
(5) when the pipeline is connected, the defects of gaps, deflection, staggered joints or non-concentricity of the end face of the interface can not be eliminated by methods such as strong butt joint, bias cushion addition or multi-layer cushion addition;
(6) the support and hanger for installing the pipeline in time at the same time of installing the pipeline has the basic requirements; the model and the position are correct, the installation is smooth and firm, and the contact is good; the installation of the fixed bracket is strictly carried out according to the design requirement; the defects of missing welding, lack welding, welding cracks and the like cannot occur to the pipeline support hanger, the phenomena of meat biting, burning through and the like cannot occur to the pipe when the pipeline support hanger is welded, and the cutting sharp corners at the end part of the pipe frame are all polished to be arc-shaped so as to prevent people from being injured.
In this embodiment, the heat treatment of the pipe includes:
(1) according to the design description, part of the design requirements of the thermal treatment of the pipeline in hydrogen are in conflict with the current standard specification, the project department coordinates the design and calls the docking meeting, the parameter adjustment is carried out, and the full coverage of the thermal treatment of the pipeline in hydrogen is ensured, which is shown in table 1:
table 1: heat treatment range table
(2) The heat treatment process card is compiled according to the standard requirement parameters of SH3501-2011 and GB50235-2010, safety technology cross-over work is done on site for heat treatment personnel, the pipeline welded junction of A335GR.P11 HYDROGEGEN with the wall thickness less than or equal to 13mm is executed according to the heat treatment parameters with the wall thickness more than 13mm through communication with the design, and relevant parameters are verified through hardness detection in the actual construction process.
In this embodiment, the pressure testing of the pipeline includes:
(1) clean water is adopted as a pipeline test pressure medium, the test pressure is 1.5 times of the design pressure, ethylene glycol is added into water for pressure test, the freezing point is reduced to-5 ℃, the pipeline is prevented from being frozen, breaking and combining are reasonably carried out according to weather conditions, the pressure test work of the water-feeding pressure test pack on the same day is ensured, and the accumulated water is blown out by using compressed air immediately after the pressure test of each pipeline is finished;
(2) through the cooperation office mode, can effectually grasp the site conditions often, avoid information lag or drawback such as information inaccurate, very big improvement the pressure testing progress, through this kind of mode, the gasoline hydrogenation device has opened the pressure testing process in whole project first, accomplishes the pressure testing work a week earlier than anticipated plan, has practiced thrift a large amount of manpowers and material resources.
In addition, rationally carry out pressure testing package establishment including:
s1: according to the pipeline media of the pipeline characteristic table, the system is macroscopically divided, and the pipeline of the device is divided into a plurality of medium systems;
s2: on the premise of system medium, further refining according to the pressure test grade, and dividing the pressure test grade into a big packet;
s3: the same media is used according to the flow chart. The pressure test packages with the same pressure are further divided, the pipelines connected together are divided into small packages, a pressure test package account is established, and overlines can be added according to actual requirements to carry out combined pressure test in the actual pressure test process.
S4: and in the line inspection and clearing stages, updating the field tail condition at any time, judging whether the pressure test condition is met, and organizing the pressure test work in time.
In addition, the material management of the present invention is as follows:
first, material acceptance and identification
(1) After the materials arrive at the goods, organizing and accepting, and strictly according to the procedures, and checking and accepting as a flow chart:
appearance inspection of delivery marks → checking of specification materials → material reinspection → nondestructive inspection and test (according to the needs of owners) → warehouse-in and classified storage.
(2) The corrosion mechanism of the steel in the hydrogen environment shows that the carbon content in the weld metal is reduced until the carbon content is lower than the solubility limit of the weld metal in the austenitic steel near the room temperature, and the precipitation of carbon and the (GrFe) are greatly reduced 23 C 6 The formation of (2) greatly reduces the occurrence of 'chromium-poor areas', and is one of important ways for preventing intergranular corrosion; when the materials are selected, the checking and accepting force of the materials is strictly controlled, the sampling inspection proportion is increased, and the materials with unqualified components cannot be used for field assembly when the unqualified pipes and pipe fittings are inspected and traced back to manufacturers and the batch numbers of the same batch.
(3) Checking whether the installed pipes, pipe fittings and valves meet the design requirements or not, mainly carrying out visual inspection item by item aiming at special materials, whether steel marks exist on the pipe wall or not and whether the attached materials are complete or not, and carrying out corresponding material reinspection if necessary.
Second, material storage and delivery
(1) Before the operation of the pipeline in the hydrogen environment is started, independent storage areas are arranged in an anti-corrosion field and a warehouse, the storage areas are subjected to locking management, and for the pipeline placed in the anti-corrosion field, material protection personnel perform counting every day while performing enhanced management, so that misleading is avoided;
(2) the on-site material issuing management is enhanced, the project department implements a batch issuing and one-material three-card system for the partial materials, before each material is delivered out of the warehouse, a construction team needs to compile a material card according to a pipeline number, a project professional checks the signature for confirmation, then the material card is delivered to a warehouse for material issuing, a construction team material worker, a professional engineer and a custodian need to sign and confirm together on the material card, and three persons hold one for each material card to serve as the basis for subsequent material issuing and checking.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for installing the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: construction planning, pipeline assembly, pipeline welding, pipeline installation requirements, pipeline heat treatment and pipeline pressure testing.
2. The method for installing a high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the construction plan comprises:
(1) the prefabrication depth of the pipeline is enhanced; checking a valve element object of the pipeline body with a drawing, and finding that the size deviation is corrected in time in the prefabrication process, wherein the prefabrication depth of the pipeline reaches about 65%;
(2) arranging fixed teams and groups for construction; arranging 5 fixed team partitions to specially carry out installation and welding of the hydrogen pipeline, not carrying out other work before the construction of the hydrogen pipeline is finished, and selecting welders who have engaged in similar pipeline welding from on-site qualified welders to carry out the construction of the pipeline.
3. The method for installing the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the pipeline pair comprises the following steps in sequence: checking the size of the pipe butt joint → cleaning the pipeline → piping → straightening the first pipeline → finding the size of the butt gap → leveling the butt joint → straightening the second pipeline → spot welding.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the conduit team further comprises:
(1) after prefabrication of each pipe section short section is completed, a furnace batch number, a pipeline number, a welding opening number, a pipeline material, a welder number, a welding date and an inspector are marked;
(2) when the pipeline assembly is positioned, the inner wall is smooth, and the misalignment of the inner wall is not more than 10% of the wall thickness;
(3) adjusting the gap between the two ends of the pipe to be positioned is generally carried out by matching a screw jack and a chain block, or adjusting the gap by using a pipeline tool, and positioning and aligning the pipe with a large diameter by using 8 tools;
(4) an iron hammer is not required to knock the stainless steel pipe, and a wood hammer or a copper hammer is used;
(5) when the flanges are paired, the parallelism and the coaxiality of the flanges are checked by using a straight ruler or a feeler gauge, and then the flanges and the pipes are subjected to spot welding positioning; when the single flange and the pipe are assembled in advance, the verticality of the end face and the pipe is checked by a square ruler, and spot welding positioning is performed after the requirements are met;
(6) the field pipeline installation is carried out with the installation of a support and a hanger synchronously, and the record is made;
(7) in the process of installing stainless steel pipelines, the phenomenon of carburization between the stainless steel pipelines and connecting pieces of a carbon steel bracket is avoided, and meanwhile, other splashes generated in the process of cross cutting and welding of the pipelines cause pollution and corrosion phenomena are also isolated.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the welding of the pipeline includes selecting welding material and welding requirement.
6. The method for installing the high-temperature high-pressure hydrogen pipeline according to claim 5, wherein the welding material selection comprises the following steps:
(1) the material of the A106GR.B HYDROGEN pipeline is different from that of the A106GR.B pipeline, ER50-G welding wires are used for priming, and E4315P welding wires are used for filling and covering;
(2) A335GR.P11HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP316L HYDROGEN, A312GR.TP321 HYDROGEN and according to the assessment requirements of welding process, respectively selecting TIG-R30 welding wire and E5515-B2 welding rod, ER316L welding wire and E316L-16 welding rod, S321 welding wire and E347-16 welding rod to carry out welding;
(3) for the alloy steel pipeline, preheating before welding is carried out at 100-150 ℃, heating is evenly carried out on two sides of the groove during preheating, and the pipeline is preheated by an electric heating belt.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the welding requirements include: on the premise of meeting the requirements of weld forming and welding quality, a U + V combined groove form is adopted, the amount of welding deposited metal is reduced, the heat input into a welding pool is reduced, the time of stay of a welding joint in a sensitization temperature range of 450-850 ℃ is shortened, and the influence of sensitization on the welding joint is reduced; the manual argon tungsten-arc welding with low welding line energy and easy welding line gas protection is adopted for backing welding, manual electric arc welding with lower welding speed and welding line energy input for multilayer multi-pass welding is adopted for filling and capping, and meanwhile, the argon-filled protection is carried out on the back of a workpiece to form the combined welding method.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the welding requirements further comprise:
(1) a brittle sigma phase is precipitated at high temperature of a welding line, so that the whole welding line joint is embrittled, the plasticity and the toughness are obviously reduced, and the precipitation is more when the heating time is longer, so that the cooling speed is accelerated by selecting smaller welding current and faster welding speed, and stable heat treatment is carried out after welding;
(2) the quality of an arc starting position and an arc stopping position is ensured during welding, an arc pit is filled during arc stopping to prevent the formation of arc pit cracks, interlayer joints of multi-layer welding are staggered, a next layer of welding line is welded after a previous layer of welding line is cooled, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃, the temperature is not too high, and the key for ensuring no cracks is realized;
(3) after welding, the welding seam and two sides should be cleaned in time. The rapid accumulation of sulfur in the molten slag is avoided, so that embrittlement is caused; in addition, some elements in the slag can chemically corrode the pipeline after reaching the melting point.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the pipeline installation requirements include:
(1) the prefabricated pipelines are installed according to the pipeline numbers and the prefabricated sequence numbers;
(2) when the pipeline is installed, the flange sealing surface and the gasket are inspected, and the defects of scratches and corrosion points which influence the sealing performance are avoided;
(3) the flange connection is concentric with the pipe, and the free penetration of the bolt is ensured; mounting the flange bolt hole span in the middle; the method of fastening the bolt cannot be used for eliminating the skew; the mounting directions of the flange connecting bolts are consistent, the bolts are tightly attached to the flange after being fastened, wedge gaps are avoided, and when gaskets are required to be added, no more than one bolt is needed;
(4) bolts and nuts connected with the flanges are coated with the bolts and the nuts according to the standards of the owner project; when the pipeline is aligned with the port, the straightness is measured at a position 200mm away from the center of the port, and when the Dg of the pipeline is less than 100mm, the tolerance is 1 mm; when Dg is larger than or equal to 100mm, the tolerance is 2mm, but the full-length tolerance is 10 mm;
(5) when the pipeline is connected, the defects of gaps, deflection, staggered joints or non-concentricity of the end face of the interface can not be eliminated by methods such as strong butt joint, bias cushion addition or multi-layer cushion addition;
(6) the support and hanger for installing the pipeline in time at the same time of installing the pipeline has the basic requirements; the model and the position are correct, the installation is smooth and firm, and the contact is good; the installation of the fixed bracket is strictly carried out according to the design requirement; the defects of missing welding, insufficient welding, welding cracks and the like cannot occur to the pipe support hanger, when the pipe support hanger is welded, the pipe cannot bite meat, burn through and the like, and the cutting sharp corners at the end part of the pipe frame are all polished to be arc-shaped so as to prevent people from being injured.
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