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CN114837755A - Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander - Google Patents

Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114837755A
CN114837755A CN202210112672.6A CN202210112672A CN114837755A CN 114837755 A CN114837755 A CN 114837755A CN 202210112672 A CN202210112672 A CN 202210112672A CN 114837755 A CN114837755 A CN 114837755A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gas bearing
booster
wheel
expansion
turboexpander
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210112672.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐友亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
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SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd filed Critical SUZHOU OXYGEN PLANT CO Ltd
Publication of CN114837755A publication Critical patent/CN114837755A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12Cooling
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turbo expander which comprises an intermediate shell, wherein two ends of the intermediate shell are respectively connected with an expansion end and a supercharging end, a rotor is rotatably arranged in the intermediate shell, two ends of the rotor are respectively provided with an expansion wheel and a supercharging wheel, the expansion wheel and the supercharging wheel are respectively positioned in a turbine volute and a supercharger volute, a gas bearing is sleeved on the rotor and comprises a first gas bearing and a second gas bearing, the first gas bearing is used for supporting the expansion wheel, the second gas bearing is used for supporting the supercharging wheel, and the expansion end and the supercharging end are both arranged in a cold box. According to the gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander, the expansion end and the supercharging end of the expander are arranged in the cold box, normal-temperature supercharging is changed into low-temperature supercharging, atmospheric heat is effectively isolated from being conducted into the expander, and meanwhile, the expander is convenient to assemble and disassemble, high in efficiency and reliable and stable in operation due to the fact that the partition plate is arranged in the cold box.

Description

Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of a supercharging turbo expander, and particularly relates to a gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turbo expander.
Background
The turboexpander is a key device necessary for obtaining cold energy from air separation equipment, natural gas (petroleum gas) liquefaction separation equipment, low-temperature crushing equipment and the like, and is a heart for ensuring the stable operation of the whole set of equipment. The turboexpander, which is the core device of the air separation product, provides essentially all of the cooling capacity of the air separation plant, and its performance directly determines the skill level of the plant. The main principle is that gas with certain pressure is adiabatically expanded in a turbine expander to do work outwards to consume internal energy of the gas, so that the gas is cooled strongly to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. In daily life, the cylinder body is heated when the cylinder is inflated, the piston compresses gas, the gas releases heat, and if the gas is not compressed, the principle is similar to that of an expander (more specifically, a piston type expander), and the energy output by a turbine expander is recovered by a coaxial compressor or consumed by a brake fan.
At present, the expander manufacturer in China does not have products of low-temperature supercharging turboexpanders, only a plurality of oil bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpanders imported from abroad are available, and a gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander does not have a product used in China, and even if the expander is abroad, the expander rarely listens to a used example. The main difficulties are concentrated on the aspects of design, stability, structure, installation, maintenance and the like.
At present, a cold box is arranged at an expansion end of a normal-temperature pressurization turboexpander which is conventionally adopted, the pressurization end is in a normal-temperature state, heat can not be completely prevented from being conducted to the expander, if the low-temperature pressurization turboexpander is used instead, the original normal-temperature pressurization ratio can be improved by about half, the pressure difference between the front and the rear of pressurization can be generally increased by more than 0.2MPa, the low-temperature value of cold quantity is improved, the effect of low-temperature rectification is facilitated, most importantly, the extraction rate of products can be improved, the unit energy consumption is reduced, the economical efficiency of the device is improved, the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved, and meanwhile, the technical levels of the domestic expander and air separation are improved. In addition, when the expander operates, the contact friction between the impeller and the sealing cover occasionally occurs, and at this time, the impeller and the sealing cover must be detached for repair.
Therefore, there is a need for a gas bearing low temperature turbo expander that can improve operating efficiency and facilitate maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a gas bearing low temperature turbo expander capable of effectively isolating the conduction of atmospheric heat to the expander and ensuring convenient assembly and disassembly, high efficiency, and reliable and stable operation of the expander, on the premise of claiming priority of "a gas bearing low temperature turbo expander" as filed in application No. 202120265763.4.
In order to realize part or all of the purposes of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a gas bearing low temperature pressure boost turboexpander, includes middle casing, expansion end and pressure boost end are connected respectively to middle casing both ends, rotationally be provided with the rotor in the middle casing the both ends of rotor are provided with expansion wheel and booster wheel respectively, expansion wheel and booster wheel are located turbine spiral case and booster wheel spiral case respectively the cover is equipped with gas bearing on the rotor, gas bearing includes first gas bearing and second gas bearing, first gas bearing is used for supporting the expansion wheel, second gas bearing is used for supporting the booster wheel, the cold box is all arranged in to expansion end and pressure boost end. Because the expansion end and the pressurization end are in low-temperature states, the original normal-temperature pressurization is changed into low-temperature pressurization, the pressurization ratio can be improved by about 50%, the pressure difference before and after pressurization can be increased by 0.2MPa generally, the low-temperature value of the cold quantity is improved, and the effect of low-temperature rectification is facilitated. The method is applied to the existing nitrogen making equipment of the single-tower backflow expander, the extraction rate is improved by 15 percent, the unit energy consumption is reduced by 20 percent, compared with the double-tower nitrogen making equipment, the double tower is changed into the single tower, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, a process liquid nitrogen pump is omitted, the requirement on equipment operation is reduced, and the failure rate is reduced.
The expansion end and the pressurization end are respectively provided with a cold box for heat preservation, and the gas bearing low-temperature pressurization turbo expander has a symmetrical structure, so that the pressurization end can be provided with a small cold box which is the same as the expansion end, and the whole expander can be placed into the heat preservation cold box.
In one possible embodiment, the expansion end and the pressurization end share a common cold box for holding.
Be equipped with the baffle of two parallels in the cold box, the baffle will cold box inner space divide into inflation end space, intermediate space and pressure boost end space, like this, when needs maintenance inflation end or pressure boost end, only need pull down corresponding end and maintain, do not influence other one end.
The middle shell is circumferentially provided with two parallel mounting flanges, and the partition plates are respectively connected to the mounting flanges, so that the partition plates and the middle shell can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
The installation flange is fixedly connected with heat insulation plates respectively, the partition plates are connected to the heat insulation plates respectively, the heat insulation plates are installed on the installation flange at first, and then the partition plates are installed on the heat insulation plates, so that the installation space of the partition plates is enlarged, and the operation is convenient.
The heat insulation plate is made of epoxy glass cloth plate, has good heat insulation performance, and can not be broken at low temperature when being used as a non-metal material; the partition plate is made of stainless steel, and the heat insulation and welding comprehensive performance is good.
And the cold box is respectively provided with an access door leading to the expansion end space and the pressurization end space.
And a bearing gas inlet, an expansion end sealing gas inlet, a pressurizing wheel back gas backflow inlet and a pressurizing wheel back gas outlet are radially distributed in the axial center of the middle shell. The double sealing gas is adopted, so that the pressure of the sealing gas can be adjusted to balance the axial force of the rotor, and the operation stability of the expansion machine is improved. The gas outlet at the back of the pressurizing wheel can lead the high-pressure gas at the back of the pressurizing wheel to the inlet of the low-pressure supercharger according to the requirement.
And the wheel back sealing parts of the expansion wheel and the pressure increasing wheel are both made of epoxy glass cloth plates, so that the cold leakage loss is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the expansion end and the pressurization end of the expansion machine are both arranged in the cold box, the normal-temperature pressurization is changed into low-temperature pressurization, the atmospheric heat is effectively isolated from being conducted into the expansion machine, and the pressurization efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the partition plate is arranged in the cold box, so that the expansion end and the pressurization end of the expansion machine are convenient to assemble and disassemble, the efficiency is high, and the operation is reliable and stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top sectional view of a gas bearing low temperature booster turboexpander according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional elevation view of the gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Reference numerals: 1-middle shell, 11-gas bearing gas inlet, 12 ' -mounting flange, 100-cold box, 101 ' -clapboard, 102 ' -access door, 2-expansion end, 3-pressurization end, 4 ' -heat insulation plate, 41 ' -connection plate, 5 ' -first fastener, 6 ' -second fastener.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
combine the gas bearing low temperature pressure boost turboexpander that fig. 1 and fig. 2 show, including middle casing 1, expansion end 2 and pressure boost end 3 are connected respectively to middle casing 1 both ends, rotationally are provided with the rotor in the middle casing 1 the both ends of rotor are provided with expanding wheel and booster wheel respectively, expanding wheel and booster wheel are located turbine spiral case and booster compressor spiral case respectively, the wheel back of the body seal department of expanding wheel and booster wheel all adopts the epoxy glass cloth board, reduces the loss of running cold.
The rotor is sleeved with a gas bearing, the gas bearing comprises a first gas bearing and a second gas bearing, the first gas bearing is used for supporting the expansion wheel, and the second gas bearing is used for supporting the booster wheel. A bearing gas inlet 11, an expansion end sealing gas inlet, a pressurizing wheel back gas backflow inlet and a pressurizing wheel back gas outlet are radially distributed in the axial center of the middle shell 1.
The expansion end 2 and the pressurization end 3 are both placed in the cold box. In this embodiment, the expansion end 2 and the pressurization end 3 share a cold box 100 for heat preservation. In other embodiments, the expansion end 2 and the pressurization end 3 may be separately provided with a small cold box for heat preservation.
Two parallel partition plates 101 and 101 'are arranged in the cold box 100, the internal space of the cold box 100 is divided into an expansion end space, an intermediate space and a pressurization end space, the partition plate 101 is positioned in the expansion end space, and the partition plate 101' is positioned in the pressurization end space.
As shown in fig. 3, two parallel mounting flanges 12 and 12' are arranged in the circumferential direction of the middle shell 1, wherein the mounting flange 12 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 41 through a first fastener 5, an insulating plate 4 is fixedly connected in the circumferential direction of the connecting plate 41 through a second fastener 6, and the insulating plate 4 is connected with a partition plate 101; the mounting flange 12 'is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 41' through the first fastening piece 5 ', the heat insulation plate 4' is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 41 'in the circumferential direction through the second fastening piece 6', and the heat insulation plate 4 'is connected with the partition plate 101', so that the mounting of the expansion end 2, the pressurization end 3 and the cold box 100 of the gas bearing low-temperature pressurization turboexpander is completed.
In the embodiment, the heat insulation plates 4 and 4' are made of epoxy glass cloth plates, so that the heat insulation performance is good, and the heat insulation plates can not break at low temperature when being used as non-metal materials; the partition boards 101 and 101' are made of stainless steel, have good comprehensive performance of heat insulation and welding, particularly S30408 and the mark 06Cr19Ni10, and can resist low temperature below 196 ℃ below zero.
As shown in fig. 1, access doors 102, 102' to the expansion end space and the pressurization end space are provided to the cold box 100, respectively.
When expansion end 2 needs to be overhauled, sand is taken off to cold box 100 of expansion end space one side, enter the expansion end space through going out and going into door 102, at first demolish baffle 101 and the connecting piece of heat-insulating shield 4, then pull down second fastener 6, connecting plate 41 separates with heat-insulating shield 4, pull down first fastener 5 again, connecting plate 41 separates with mounting flange 12, at this moment, the expansion joint of expansion end 2, the filter, core etc. alright completion are dismantled and are overhauld, pressure boost end 3 is located the pressure boost end space and is not influenced completely.
Similarly, when the pressurizing end 3 needs to be overhauled, the cold box 100 on one side of the pressurizing end space is sanded, the cold box enters the pressurizing end space through the access door 102 ', the connecting piece of the partition plate 101 ' and the heat insulation plate 4 ' is firstly detached, then the second fastening piece 6 ' is detached, the connecting plate 41 ' is separated from the heat insulation plate 4 ', then the first fastening piece 5 ' is detached, the connecting plate 41 ' is separated from the mounting flange 12 ', at the moment, the expansion joint, the filter, the machine core and the like of the pressurizing end 3 can be detached for overhauling, and the expansion end 2 is located in the expansion end space and is not influenced completely.
The gas bearing low temperature boost turboexpander provided by the present invention is described in detail above, and the structure and the working principle of the present invention are explained by using specific examples, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a gas bearing low temperature pressure boost turboexpander, includes middle casing (1), expansion end (2) and pressure boost end (3) are connected respectively to middle casing (1) both ends, rotationally be provided with the rotor in middle casing (1) the both ends of rotor are provided with expansion wheel and booster wheel respectively, expansion wheel and booster wheel are located turbine spiral case and booster volute respectively the cover is equipped with gas bearing on the rotor, gas bearing includes first gas bearing and second gas bearing, first gas bearing is used for supporting the expansion wheel, second gas bearing is used for supporting the booster wheel, its characterized in that, cold box is all arranged in to expansion end (2) and pressure boost end (3).
2. The gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of claim 1, characterized in that the expansion end (2) and the booster end (3) are each provided with a cold box for thermal insulation.
3. The gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of claim 1, characterized in that the expansion end (2) and the booster end (3) share a common cold box (100) for thermal insulation.
4. The gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of claim 3, characterized in that two parallel partitions (101, 101 ') are provided in the cold box (100), the partitions (101, 101') dividing the internal space of the cold box (100) into an expansion end space, an intermediate space and a booster end space.
5. The gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of claim 4, characterized in that the intermediate casing (1) is circumferentially provided with two parallel mounting flanges (12, 12 '), the diaphragms (101, 101 ') being attached to the mounting flanges (12, 12 '), respectively.
6. The gas bearing cryogenic booster turboexpander of claim 5, characterized in that the mounting flanges (12, 12 ') are respectively fixedly connected with insulating plates (4, 4'), and the partitions (101, 101 ') are respectively connected with the insulating plates (4, 4').
7. The gas bearing low temperature booster turboexpander according to claim 6, characterized in that the material of the heat insulating plate (4, 4 ') is epoxy glass cloth plate, and the material of the partition plate (101, 101') is stainless steel.
8. The gas bearing cold booster turboexpander according to claim 4, characterized in that the cold box (100) is provided with access doors (102, 102') to the expansion end space and the booster end space, respectively.
9. The gas bearing low temperature booster turboexpander according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing gas inlet (11), an expansion end seal gas inlet, a booster wheel back gas return inlet, and a booster wheel back gas outlet are radially distributed in the axial center of the intermediate housing (1).
10. The gas bearing cold pressure turbo expander according to claim 1, wherein the wheel back seals of the expansion wheel and the booster wheel are made of epoxy glass cloth.
CN202210112672.6A 2021-01-31 2022-01-29 Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander Pending CN114837755A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110132332 2021-01-31
CN2021202657634 2021-01-31
CN2021101323325 2021-01-31
CN202120265763 2021-01-31

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114837755A (en) * 2021-01-31 2022-08-02 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3337132A1 (en) * 1983-10-12 1985-04-25 Atlas Copco AB, Nacka Expansion turbine with coupled compressor
CN201152266Y (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-19 中国石油大庆石油化工分公司 Double stage pressure charging turbine, compressor unit for petroleum and chemical industry tail gas reclamation
CN102661174A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-09-12 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Supercharged turbo expander
JP2012177313A (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-13 Ihi Compressor & Machinery Co Ltd Blocking plate of expansion turbine
CN109113809A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-01 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 Gas-bearing expansion turbine
CN109162767A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-08 马鞍山马钢比欧西气体有限责任公司 A kind of the liquid turbo-expander and its application method of translator braking
CN109322711A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-02-12 马鞍山马钢比欧西气体有限责任公司 A kind of Booster air compressor being connected with expansion turbine and its application method
CN218563715U (en) * 2021-01-31 2023-03-03 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3337132A1 (en) * 1983-10-12 1985-04-25 Atlas Copco AB, Nacka Expansion turbine with coupled compressor
CN201152266Y (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-19 中国石油大庆石油化工分公司 Double stage pressure charging turbine, compressor unit for petroleum and chemical industry tail gas reclamation
JP2012177313A (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-13 Ihi Compressor & Machinery Co Ltd Blocking plate of expansion turbine
CN102661174A (en) * 2012-02-24 2012-09-12 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Supercharged turbo expander
CN109113809A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-01 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 Gas-bearing expansion turbine
CN109162767A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-01-08 马鞍山马钢比欧西气体有限责任公司 A kind of the liquid turbo-expander and its application method of translator braking
CN109322711A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-02-12 马鞍山马钢比欧西气体有限责任公司 A kind of Booster air compressor being connected with expansion turbine and its application method
CN218563715U (en) * 2021-01-31 2023-03-03 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 Gas bearing low-temperature supercharging turboexpander

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