CN114768520A - System and method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nano bubbles - Google Patents
System and method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nano bubbles Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002101 nanobubble Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 2
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- QUWBSOKSBWAQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].O=C=O Chemical compound [C].O=C=O QUWBSOKSBWAQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy recycling, and discloses a system and a method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nano bubbles, wherein the system comprises a solar hydrogen generation module, a micro-nano bubble generation module and a biological reaction module; the solar hydrogen generation module is communicated with the micro-nano bubble generation module and is used for generating hydrogen and sending the generated hydrogen to the micro-nano bubble generation module; the micro-nano bubble generation module is used for mixing hydrogen with biological liquid by using a micro-nano bubble machine to generate biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles; and the biological reaction module is used for carrying out biological reaction by using the bioreactor so as to realize energy utilization of carbon dioxide. According to the invention, hydrogen micro-nano bubbles are used for providing hydrogen for the bioreactor, so that the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency of the hydrogen is improved, and the biological methanation rate of the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide is improved; the energy utilization of carbon dioxide can be realized, and a realistic and feasible scheme is provided for carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy recycling, and particularly relates to a system and a method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nanobubbles.
Background
At present, chemical methods and biological methods are used as techniques for generating carbon dioxide. The chemical method needs to utilize a metal catalyst, and the reaction conditions are harsh; the biological method has mild reaction, and hydrogen and carbon dioxide are synthesized into methane by using methanogen hydrogenophiles. The main challenge faced in the technical and economic aspects of biomethanation is the problem of inefficient gas-liquid mass transfer, which makes it difficult to build on an industrial scale.
In recent years, research and development of the biomethanation process has attracted attention of many scholars. The reactor types include: continuous stirred reactors, biofilm reactors, trickle bed reactors. The classical continuous stirred reactor (CSTR) is the most common type of reactor, stirring is a key factor for improving gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, but the application cost is high, and hydrogen is seriously wasted due to factors such as low hydrogen density, low solubility, low hydrogen utilization speed of methanogens and the like. Therefore, many researchers have studied different methods to increase the residence time of hydrogen in the biological fluid and to reduce the operation cost. Currently, there are available an electrochemical hydrogen evolution method, a circulation method using a hollow fiber membrane module, and the like. The electrochemical hydrogen evolution method has the disadvantages of limited voltage and current, limited generated hydrogen and limited treatment capacity. The circulation method of the hollow fiber membrane module needs to ensure strict air tightness and consumes large energy. And the membrane module is blocked frequently, needs maintenance and replacement, and influences the stability and the continuity of the system.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing biological methanation reactor has higher application cost, and the hydrogen is seriously wasted due to factors such as low hydrogen density, low solubility, low hydrogen utilization speed of methanogens, and the like.
The nano-bubble technology can realize stable long-term retention of gas in liquid, and the maximum retention time can reach 14 days.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nanobubbles.
The invention is realized in such a way that a system based on nano-bubble assisted carbon dioxide energy recycling comprises: the system comprises a solar hydrogen generation module, a micro-nano bubble generation module and a biological reaction module;
the solar hydrogen generation module is communicated with the micro-nano bubble generation module and is used for generating hydrogen and sending the generated hydrogen to the micro-nano bubble generation module;
the micro-nano bubble generation module is used for mixing hydrogen with biological liquid by using a micro-nano bubble machine to generate biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles;
and the biological reaction module is used for carrying out biological reaction by using the bioreactor so as to realize energy utilization of carbon dioxide.
Further, the solar hydrogen generation module generates hydrogen by electrolyzing water using electric energy generated by solar energy.
Furthermore, two ends of the micro-nano bubble machine are respectively communicated with the solar hydrogen generation module and a discharge port of the bioreactor.
Further, the liquid outlet end of the micro-nano bubble machine is communicated with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the feed inlet of the bioreactor through a connecting pipeline.
Further, a stirring device is arranged on the inner side of the bioreactor and is used for stirring and mixing reactants in the bioreactor.
Further, the upper end of the bioreactor is provided with an air outlet.
Further, carbon dioxide, nutrient solution and methanogen hydrogenophiles are added into the bioreactor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling carbon dioxide energy based on nanobubble assistance, which comprises:
firstly, generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water by using electric energy generated by solar energy, and inputting the hydrogen into a micro-nano bubble machine;
adding a carbon source into the bioreactor and inoculating the methanogen hydrogenophilum enriched in advance;
discharging part of biological liquid in the bioreactor through a discharge port, mixing the biological liquid with hydrogen through a micro-nano bubble generating device to form biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles, and refluxing the biological liquid to the bioreactor;
and fourthly, under the action of methanogens, generating methane from the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen, and realizing the energy utilization of the carbon dioxide.
Further, carbon dioxide is continuously or intermittently injected into the bioreactor as the sole or partial carbon source for the bioreactor.
Furthermore, other nutrient elements enter the bioreactor from the feed inlet by configuring nutrient solution to supplement nutrients for the microorganisms in the bioreactor.
In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected in the present invention from the following aspects:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with results, data and the like in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects are brought after the problems are solved. The specific description is as follows:
according to the invention, hydrogen is provided for the bioreactor by using the hydrogen micro-nano bubbles, so that the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency of the hydrogen is improved, and the biological methanation rate of the hydrogen and the carbon dioxide is improved.
The invention can realize the energy utilization of carbon dioxide.
According to the invention, micro-nano bubbles are used as carriers of hydrogen, so that the influence of membrane blockage on reaction stability during cyclic aeration of the hollow fiber membrane component can be avoided, and meanwhile, the micro-nano bubbles have longer residence time in biological liquid, so that cyclic aeration is not needed, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Secondly, considering the technical scheme as a whole or from the perspective of products, the technical effect and advantages of the technical scheme to be protected by the invention are specifically described as follows:
compared with the electrochemical hydrogen evolution strengthening method, the method has the advantages of small secondary pollution caused by hydrogen micro-nano bubbles and mild reaction. The invention uses micro-nano bubbles as a carrier of hydrogen, improves the contact area of gas-liquid two phases and the retention time of hydrogen in biological liquid so as to achieve the aims of improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, improving the hydrogen utilization rate, reducing the cost and the like.
The electrochemical hydrogen evolution method has the disadvantages of limited voltage and current, limited generated hydrogen, limited treatment capacity and low treatment efficiency. The circulation method of the hollow fiber membrane module needs to ensure strict air tightness and consumes large energy. And the membrane module is blocked frequently, needs maintenance and replacement, and influences the stability and the continuity of the system.
Third, as inventive supplementary proof of the claims of the present invention, there are several important aspects as follows:
(1) the expected income and commercial value after the technical scheme of the invention is converted are as follows:
the invention synchronously realizes the emission reduction of carbon dioxide and the generation of renewable energy natural gas. The traditional carbon dioxide capturing and sealing technology has higher cost and no new energy output. Compared with the traditional natural gas purification technology (membrane separation method and chemical method), the invention utilizes the coupling of solar energy and microbial technology, greatly reduces the production cost of natural gas and synchronously realizes the emission reduction of carbon dioxide. The revenue is derived primarily from the generation of natural gas and the sale of carbon emissions trading rights.
(2) The technical scheme of the invention fills the technical blank in the industry at home and abroad:
at present, no technology based on the nano bubble technology applied to carbon dioxide carbon emission reduction and biogas production exists at home and abroad.
(3) The technical scheme of the invention solves the technical problems which are always desired to be solved but are not successfully achieved:
the invention greatly promotes the retention time of hydrogen in the solution, ensures the hydrogen supply of methanogens, and synchronously realizes the emission reduction of carbon dioxide and the high-efficiency generation of renewable energy natural gas.
(4) The technical scheme of the invention overcomes the technical prejudice that: the gas-liquid mass transfer of hydrogen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for recycling carbon dioxide based on nanobubble assisted carbon dioxide provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for recycling carbon dioxide based on nanobubble assisted;
FIGS. 3-5 are graphs of experiments provided by embodiments of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a solar hydrogen generation module; 2. a micro-nano bubble machine; 3. a liquid storage tank; 4. a bioreactor; 5. a feed inlet; 6. a discharge port; 7. and an air outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
First, an embodiment is explained. This section is an explanatory embodiment expanding on the claims so as to fully understand how the present invention is embodied by those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for recycling carbon dioxide energy based on nanobubble assistance provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a solar hydrogen generation module 1, a micro-nano bubble machine 2, a liquid storage tank 3, and a bioreactor 4.
The solar hydrogen generation module is communicated with the micro-nano bubble machine 2, the liquid outlet end of the micro-nano bubble machine 2 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 3, and the liquid storage tank 3 is communicated with the feed inlet 5 of the bioreactor 4 through a connecting pipeline. A discharge port 6 of the bioreactor 4 is communicated with the micro-nano bubble machine 2. The upper end of the bioreactor 4 is provided with an air outlet 7.
The inner side of the bioreactor 4 is provided with a stirring device which is used for stirring and mixing the reactants in the bioreactor.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nanobubbles according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water by using electric energy generated by solar energy, and inputting the hydrogen into a micro-nano bubble machine;
s102, adding a carbon source into the bioreactor, and inoculating the methanogen hydrogenophiles which are enriched in advance;
s103, discharging part of biological liquid in the bioreactor through a discharge port, mixing the biological liquid with hydrogen through a micro-nano bubble generating device to form biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles, and refluxing the biological liquid to the bioreactor;
and S104, under the action of methanogens, generating methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and realizing energy utilization of the carbon dioxide.
Preferably, carbon dioxide is continuously or intermittently injected into the bioreactor as the sole or partial carbon source for the bioreactor.
Preferably, other nutrient elements enter the bioreactor from the feed inlet by configuring nutrient solution to supplement nutrients for the microorganisms in the bioreactor.
And II, application embodiment. In order to prove the creativity and the technical value of the technical scheme of the invention, the part is the application example of the technical scheme of the claims on specific products or related technologies.
The technical scheme of the invention can be used as a key technology for in-situ purification of the biogas in the agricultural waste treatment biogas project, the biogas project generates a large amount of biogas while treating the agricultural organic solid waste, the biogas contains about 50% of methane and about 50% of carbon dioxide, and the generated biogas needs to be further purified to remove the carbon dioxide and generate a natural gas product. The existing purification technologies, such as a membrane separation method, a pressure swing adsorption method and a chemical method, separate carbon dioxide in biogas from the biogas, so that the generation of natural gas cannot be increased, on one hand, the treatment cost is high, and the separated carbon dioxide is discharged into air, which is not beneficial to the emission reduction of the carbon dioxide.
The invention can be used as a substitute technology for biogas purification, on one hand, 50% of carbon dioxide in the biogas is converted into a natural gas product, the yield of the natural gas is further increased, on the other hand, the emission of the carbon dioxide is also reduced, and meanwhile, the invention greatly reduces the production cost of the natural gas due to the coupling of the solar energy and the biological methanation technology.
The invention can be used as a technology for converting carbon dioxide into energy, and can convert high-concentration CO in cement plants and the like2Compared with the existing carbon capture and sealing technology, the carbon-negative technology for treating the exhaust gas has lower cost, and simultaneously generates the biological methane to relieve the energy pressure.
And thirdly, evidence of relevant effects of the embodiment. The embodiment of the invention achieves some positive effects in the process of research and development or use, and has great advantages compared with the prior art, and the following contents are described by combining data, diagrams and the like in the test process.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the start-up period was-10-0 days, the methanogenic system was stabilized, and the treatment with nanobubble water was started on day 0. Theoretically, the accumulated gas production has no obvious difference, but the content of the methane produced by the experimental group is improved compared with that of the control group.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention as disclosed herein should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for assisting carbon dioxide energy recycling based on nanobubbles is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a solar hydrogen generation module, a micro-nano bubble generation module and a biological reaction module;
the solar hydrogen generation module is communicated with the micro-nano bubble generation module and is used for generating hydrogen and sending the generated hydrogen to the micro-nano bubble generation module;
the micro-nano bubble generation module is used for mixing hydrogen with biological liquid by using a micro-nano bubble machine to generate the biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles;
and the biological reaction module is used for carrying out biological reaction by using the bioreactor so as to realize energy utilization of carbon dioxide.
2. The nanobubble-assisted carbon dioxide energy reuse-based system of claim 1, wherein the solar hydrogen generation module generates hydrogen by electrolyzing water using waste electricity.
3. The system for recycling carbon dioxide based on nanobubble auxiliary energy according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the micro-nano bubbling machine are respectively communicated with the discharge ports of the solar hydrogen generation module and the bioreactor.
4. The system for recycling the energy of carbon dioxide based on the assistance of nanobubbles according to claim 1, wherein the liquid outlet end of the micro-nano bubbling machine is communicated with a liquid storage tank, and the liquid storage tank is communicated with the feed inlet of the bioreactor through a connecting pipeline.
5. The nanobubble-assisted carbon dioxide energy recycling system according to claim 1, wherein a stirring device is disposed inside the bioreactor and is used to stir and mix the reactants in the bioreactor.
6. The system for recycling and assisting carbon dioxide based on nanobubbles according to claim 1, wherein the bioreactor has an air outlet at its upper end.
7. The nanobubble-assisted carbon dioxide energy recycling system according to claim 1, wherein carbon dioxide, nutrient solution and methanogen hydrogenophiles are added to the bioreactor.
8. A method for recycling energy of carbon dioxide based on nanobubbles for implementing the system for recycling energy of carbon dioxide based on nanobubbles according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method for recycling energy of carbon dioxide based on nanobubbles comprises:
step one, utilizing abandoned electricity to generate hydrogen through electrolyzed water, and inputting the hydrogen into a micro-nano bubble machine;
adding a carbon source into the bioreactor and inoculating the methanogen hydrogenophiles which are enriched in advance;
discharging part of biological liquid in the bioreactor through a discharge port, mixing the biological liquid with hydrogen through a micro-nano bubble generating device to form biological liquid containing hydrogen micro-nano bubbles, and refluxing the biological liquid into the bioreactor;
and fourthly, under the action of methanogens, generating methane from the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen, and realizing the energy utilization of the carbon dioxide.
9. The nanobubble-assisted carbon dioxide energy reuse-based method of claim 8, wherein carbon dioxide is continuously or intermittently injected into the bioreactor as the sole or partial carbon source of the bioreactor.
10. The nanobubble-assisted carbon dioxide energy recycling method according to claim 8, wherein other nutrients are supplemented to the microorganisms in the bioreactor by preparing nutrient solution to enter the bioreactor from the feed inlet.
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| DE212019000177U1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-03 | Nanjing Yanchang Reaction Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd | Microinterfacial enhanced hydrogenation reaction system |
| CN113862134A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-31 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Micro-nano bubble circulation hydrogen supply anaerobic fermentation tank |
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