CN114751917A - 一种近红外发光荧光分子及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种近红外发光荧光分子及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114751917A CN114751917A CN202210423464.8A CN202210423464A CN114751917A CN 114751917 A CN114751917 A CN 114751917A CN 202210423464 A CN202210423464 A CN 202210423464A CN 114751917 A CN114751917 A CN 114751917A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种近红外发光荧光分子及其制备方法和应用。所述分子以代表化合物,荧光发射峰出现在700~1600nm范围内。X为O,S,Se,Te或N‑R,D21和D22至少一个取自二芳基氨基、芳基桥联的二芳基氨基、9‑咔唑基、9‑芳基‑咔唑基、芳基或杂环芳基并吲哚基中的一种;L11和L12各取自单键、芳基、杂芳基;Ar11,Ar12,Ar13和Ar14各取自芳基、杂芳基;m和n各取自1~4的整数;L21和L22取自双键、芳基、杂芳基;虚线表示所连接的单元可各自独立或成环,成环可经单键、‑O‑,‑S‑,‑C(CH3)2‑,‑C(Ar15)2‑,‑Si(CH3)2‑,‑Si(Ar15)2‑,‑BAr16‑桥联。本发明化合物具有近红外一区和二区光吸收和荧光发射,有更好的热稳定性、更高的光致发光量子效率和更小的ΔΕST及高的反向系间跃迁率。在有机半导体器件、生物传感等领域获得全新广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机光电半导体技术领域,具体涉及一种近红外发光荧光分子及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
有机光电半导体材料具有结构可设计性强、能级可调、光谱可调、宽谱吸收和强荧光发射等性质,已成为新一代电子信息材料的主体,在有机发光二极管、有机场效应晶体管、有机太阳电池、钙钛矿太阳电池、光电探测器和生物传感与诊疗等领域获得广泛关注和应用。研究开发一种新型高效的有机共轭半导体材料必将在电子产业中产生广阔的市场前景。
尤其,具有近红外吸收和发射性质的有机半导体材料,在有机电子学器件、纳米生物、柔性电子领域获得广泛应用。特别是近红外一区750nm以上,或者近红外二区吸收和发射的有机半导体分子在光伏器件、生物传感和重大疾病诊疗领域获得广泛应用。例如,以近红外分子作为光吸收和发光单元,通过纳米共沉淀等方法与化学药物制备诊疗一体化纳米诊疗试剂,能实现光、化学协同诊疗。近年来,近红外二区发光的有机半导体材料也备受关注,在光声成像、光化学治疗中具有非常好的效果。然而,700nm以上发光的近红外一区和近红外二区发光材料种类非常少、结构也较为单一。从分子设计的角度而言,获得高的分子内电荷转移态是实现长波吸收和发射的主要策略。目前在制备近红外发光分子,尤其是近红外二区发光材料的时候,给体单元的选择具有较高的任意性,但受体单元却非常有限。
具有大平面Π共轭结构的杂环喹啉并二唑稠环共轭单元具有强大的吸电子能力,以其作为受体部分,选择苯环作为给受体的桥联部分连接受体与不同的给体结构,D-Π-A的共轭框架可以保证相对较高的发光量子效率,同时,相应材料的吸收和发射光谱能达到700nm以上。对文献和专利中相关材料调研,很容易发现这些结构给受体结构主要的连接位点都在苯并噻二唑或其衍生的苯环4,7-位,这些结构在器件和生物应用中已经表现出较好的性能,但衍生化位点单一极大限制材料设计的多样化,相应地,也使相关材料的性质调控被局限。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种新型近红外发光荧光分子,以获得性能更有益、结构更丰富、更易于功能化和规模化生产的近红外有机半导体。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种近红外发光荧光分子,其结构如下述通式(I)所述:
所述荧光分子的荧光发射峰出现在700~1600nm范围,其中,X为O,S,Se,Te或N-R,R为取代或未经取代的C1~C24烷基;
L11、L12、L21和L22各自独立取自单键、双键、C6~C30亚芳基、取代C6~C30亚芳基、C3~C30亚杂芳基或取代C3~C30亚杂芳基;Ar11,Ar12,Ar13和Ar14各自独立的取自C6~C30芳基、取代C6~C30芳基、C3~C30杂芳基或取代C3~C30杂芳基;
D21和D22至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的亚杂芳基,Ar21,Ar22各自独立取自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;
m和n各自独立取自1~4的整数;
虚线表示其所连接的两个单元可各自独立或成环,成环可经单键、-O-,-S-,-C(CH3)2-,-C(Ar15)2-,-Si(CH3)2-,-Si(Ar15)2-,-BAr16-桥联,Ar15和Ar16各自取自取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基。
优选地,通式(I)中的可以式(I-A)和式(I-B)表示:
其中,在式I-A和I-B中,X为O,S,Se,Te或N-R,R为取代或未经取代的C1~C24烷基;L11、L12各自独立取自单键、双键、C6~C30亚芳基、取代C6~C30亚芳基、C3~C30亚杂芳基和取代C3~C30亚杂芳基;Ar11,Ar12,Ar13和Ar14各自独立的取自C6~C30芳基、取代C6~C30芳基、C3~C30杂芳基和取代C3~C30杂芳基;
D21和D22至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的亚杂芳基,Ar21,Ar22各自独立取自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;
m和n各自独立取自1~4的整数;
虚线表示其所连接的两个单元可各自独立或成环,成环可经单键、-O-,-S-,-C(CH3)2-,-C(Ar15)2-,-Si(CH3)2-,-Si(Ar15)2-,-BAr16-桥联,Ar15和Ar16各自取自取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基,k选择1~4的正整数;
环A,环B,环C分别表示苯,噻吩、呋喃、吡咯、萘,菲,蒽,芴,咔唑,嘧啶,三嗪,苯并吡嗪,苯并呋喃,二苯并呋喃,二苯并噻吩,吲哚,吲哚并咔唑、芘基、苝基、哌嗪、异喹啉。
优选地,L11、L12和L1各自独立地为下列各式中的一种表示:
以上结构中,Z1~Z4各自独立地选自:氢、氘、F、Cl、CN、C1~C24烷基、C1~C24烷氧基、苯基、联苯基、萘基、三亚苯基、蒽基、芘基、菲基、屈基、苝基;
d1、d2选自1~3的整数,虚线表示以上基团与相邻单元的结合位点。
优选地,所述D21,D22,D3各自独立地由下列各式及其衍生物表示:
优选地,包括如下化合物中的任意一种,但不限于所列全部结构:
以上结构中,虚线表示此处为单键或无化学键,D1,D2,D3和D4选自下列结构及其衍生物,但不受以下实例结构限制:
优选地,一种近红外发光分子的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
通过中间体原料F1-1与F1-2或F2-2以醋酸为溶剂,经过关环反应得到近红外发光荧光分子化合物;
其反应式分别如下所示:
中,当得到的近红外发光荧光分子如通式(I-A)所示时,其反应温度为140~170℃,当得到的近红外发光荧光分子如通式(I-B)所示时,其反应温度为80~160℃。
优选地,其中F-1-1可由以下方法获得:
首先,分子F-1与分子F-2在溶剂中,通过贵金属催化剂催化的C-H活化偶联反应、Suzuki偶联反应、Stille偶联反应得到F-1-1b;C-H活化偶联反应中,分子F-1中F官能团为氯、溴或碘,分子F-2中E官能团E为氢原子,使用Hermann’s催化剂和新戊酸钾做碱;C-H活化偶联反应的溶剂为二氧六环、DMF、甲苯或二甲苯;Suzuki偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为硼酸或硼酸酯,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂及相应配体来催化;使用碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠做碱,溶剂使用甲苯和水做混合溶剂,适当时候可以加乙醇或异丙醇,使用四丁基溴化铵做表面活性剂;Stille偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为三烷基锡试剂,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂及相应配体来催化;溶剂使用DMF、甲苯或二甲苯;
F-1-1b在乙酸或混合酸中使用金属单质还原,加热还原得F-1-1。
优选地,在进行F-1-1b制备时,Suzuki偶联反应时,采用甲苯和水做混合溶剂时,选择性的加乙醇或异丙醇,使用四丁基溴化铵做表面活性剂;在进行F-1-1b还原时,金属单质为铁粉,温度为85℃。
优选地,其中F-1-1可由以下方法获得:
分子F-1与分子F-2在溶剂中经Suzuki偶联反应、Stille偶联反应得到F-1-1;Suzuki偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为硼酸或硼酸酯,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂、相应配体来催化;使用碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠做碱;
溶剂使用甲苯和水做混合溶剂,选择性的加乙醇或异丙醇,使用四丁基溴化铵做表面活性剂;Stille偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为三烷基锡试剂,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂及相应配体来催化;溶剂使用DMF、甲苯或二甲苯。
以上所述的F-1-2和F-2-2可有相应的酮与二芳基胺、或者三芳胺经Buchwald反应连接。以上各步骤中各中间体图示所有符号所代表的意义,与通式(I)或通式(I-A)、通式(I-B)中的各自独立的具有相同的限定范围。
优选地,一种近红外发光分子的应用,应用于有机光电器件或生物传感器与成像领域中。具体的,可以应用于有机发光二极管器件功能层中,比如发光层中;
钙钛矿太阳电池器件,其中所述的钙钛矿太阳电池组合物中,根据权利要求1所述的一种近红外发光分子作为空穴传输层使用;在生物传感与成像领域,近红外荧光分子作为纳米探针、光敏剂的光吸收和光发射单元应用。
本发明以芳基吡嗪并(苯并二唑)稠环芳烃为受体核心,以二芳胺、三芳基胺、咔唑、吲哚稠环等空穴传输特性的富电子共轭基团为外围给体单元,形成具有强给体特性和强受体特性的多重D-A结构,所述的一种近红外荧光发光分子,具有高的三线态(T1)能级、较小的ΔEST、高的PLQY、近红外发光、高稳定性和高的玻璃态转变温度。
本发明的所述的分子具有以下有益效果:
1、分子中的D21和D22所代表给体单元位于芳基吡嗪并(苯并二唑)稠环芳烃核心外围,拥挤的排列方式,一方面能有效调控给受体之间电子云重叠,显著影响通式(I)所述化合物的能级、带隙和三线态激发态能级,改善其单线态和三线态能级差(△Est);另一方面,给受体之间的密堆积连接方式受桥联结构二面角的影响,会获得更优的光致发光效率(PLQY)。同时,给体部分的三维分子构造和受体单元刚性平面大共轭结构,对其分子结晶性有影响,分子在聚集态的堆积方式可获得有效调控,从而是上述通式(I)所表示的分子在电致发光器件中具有更好的形态稳定性和优异的薄膜稳定性,对相应的器件寿命有利,有利于提升OLED器件的性能和发光效率。多重富电子给体单元,有利于获得高的HOMO能级和平衡的电子、空穴传输特性,有利于其应用于钙钛矿太阳电池器件。
2、本发明的分子其刚性共轭平面多环芳烃受体核心之外,有多重给体单体,造成给受体单元之间密堆积的屏蔽效应,有利于在固态或凝聚态依然保持高荧光量子效率,有利于其应用于荧光成像;其近红外二区吸收和发射特性,有利于其应用于二区成像和光声成像;其近红外吸收特性,有利于其应用于光热治疗;其较低的单线态-三线态能级差,有利于分子内席间穿越,从而获得长寿命三线态,有利于应用于光动力治疗。
3、起始原料易于获得,反应条件温和,操作步骤简单,有利于通式(I)表示的化合物大规模生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例3中近红外荧光发光分子M3制备的纳米颗粒的动态光散射图样(插入小图为相同尺寸纳米颗粒的投射电镜照片)。
图2为本发明实施例3和实施例6中近红外荧光发光分子M3和M6制备的纳米颗粒相对水的近红外光热升温曲线图。
具体实施方式
本发明揭示了一种近红外荧光发光分子及其制备方法与应用,该近红外荧光发光分子具有发光效率高、发光波长可调谐、合成成本低、稳定性好等优势。所述的一种荧光分子以芳基吡嗪并苯并二唑多环芳烃为核心,将二芳胺、三芳基胺、咔唑、吲哚稠环等空穴传输特性的富电子共轭基团在特定位点引入共轭受体中心结构,构建一种全新的近红外发光荧光分子,其可以获得性能更有益、结构更丰富、更易于功能化和规模化生产的近红外有机半导体。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“取代的”是指取代基或化合物的至少一个氢被替换为氘、卤素、氰基、取代或未取代的C1至C24烷基、C3至C30环烷基、C6至C30芳基、C2至C30杂芳基或其组合。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“杂”是指包括选自N、O、S、B、P和Si中的1-2个杂原子以及一个官能团中剩余的碳。
在本说明书中,当没有另外提供定义时,“烷基”是指脂肪族烃基。烷基可以是C1至C30烷基。更具体地,烷基可以是C1至C20烷基或C1至C10烷基。例如,C1至C4烷基在烷基链中可具有1至4个碳原子,并且可以选自甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。
烷基的具体实例可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等。
在本说明书中,“芳基”是指包括至少一个烃芳族部分的基团,并且所述烃芳族部分的所有元素都具有形成共轭的p-轨道,例如苯基、萘基等,两个或多个烃芳族部分可通过σ键连接并且可以是例如联苯基、三联苯基、四联苯基等,或两个或多个烃芳族部分直接或间接稠合以提供非芳族稠合环。例如,它可以是芴基。芳基可包括单环、多环或稠环多环(即共享相邻碳原子对的环)官能团。
在本说明书中,“杂环基”是杂芳基的一般概念,并且可以在诸如芳基、环烷基、其稠合环或它们的组合等环状化合物中包括至少一个选自N、O、S、P和Si的杂原子来代替碳(C)。当杂环基为稠合环时,杂环基的整个环或每个环可包含一个或多个杂原子。例如,“杂芳基”是指包括选自N、O、S、P和Si中的至少一个杂原子的芳基。两个或多个杂芳基通过σ键直接连接,或当杂芳基包含两个或多个环时,所述两个或多个环可稠合。当杂芳基为稠合环时,每个环可包含1至3个杂原子。杂环基的具体实例可以是吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、三嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、取代或未取代的吩恶嗪基、取代或未取代的二苯并呋喃基、或取代或未取代的二苯并噻吩基或它们的组合,但并不限于此。
实施例1
本实施提供一种具有如式M1所示结构:
其合成反应式如下所示:
M1的合成路线:
化合物R-3的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,加入R-1(11.52g,30mmol),R-2(19.08g,70mmol),碳酸钾(19.3,140mmol),TBAB(0.3g),脱氧甲苯(200mL),水(50mL),鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物四(三苯基膦)钯690mg;反应在氮气保护下进行,90℃加热4小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入50mL水搅拌1小时,直接分液除去水相,有机相经硅藻土过滤后旋干甲苯,乙醇打浆,得到化合物R-3纯品20.3g(产率为95%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):713.1901。
化合物R-4的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,将R-3(7.1g,10mmol)悬浮溶解于冰醋酸(130mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后,加入精制铁粉(4.5g,80mmol)氮气保护下85℃加热10小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入适量水搅拌1小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,收集滤饼,滤液以二氯甲烷萃取,二氯甲烷层用碳酸氢钠洗涤,合并滤饼和除去二氯甲烷的棕色固体,质量得到R-4粗品5.54g(产率为85%),(不需要柱层析,直接使用)。
化合物R-6的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,加入R-5(10.92g,30mmol),R-2(19.08g,70mmol),碳酸钾(19.3,140mmol),TBAB(0.3g),脱氧甲苯(200mL),水(50mL),鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物四(三苯基膦)钯690mg;反应在氮气保护下进行,90℃加热2小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入50mL水搅拌1小时,加入100mL正己烷,直接过滤除去水相和有机相,得到固体沉淀,乙醇打浆,得到化合物R-6纯品18.9g(产率为91%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):695.2631。
化合物M1的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,将R-4(13.4g,20mmol)和R-6(10.43g,15mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(350mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后;反应在氮气保护下进行,130℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入150mL水搅拌3小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物5纯品15.74g(产率为81%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1311.6221。
实施例2
本实施提供一种具有如式M2所示结构:
其合成反应式如下所示:
其中,化合物R-3,R-4的合成同实施例一。
化合物R-8的合成类似R-6的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,加入R-5(12.21g,30mmol),R-2(19.08g,70mmol),碳酸钾(19.3,140mmol),TBAB(0.3g),脱氧甲苯(200mL),水(50mL),鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物四(三苯基膦)钯690mg;反应在氮气保护下进行,95℃加热8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,600mL二氯甲烷萃取,得粗品R-8,不经分离,直接投入合成R-9。
化合物R-9的合成:将化合物R-8粗品(20.2g,29.3mmol),放于250ml双口瓶中,加入150mL醋酸和15mL甲磺酸,室温搅拌4小时,待反应结束后,将反应液倒入300mL去离子水,过滤析出沉淀,对固体沉淀用乙醇打浆,得到化合物R-6纯品16.8g(连续两步总产率为80.4%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):697.2529。
化合物M2的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,将R-4(6.7g,10mmol)和R-9(5.6g,8mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(350mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后;反应在氮气保护下进行,140℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入150mL水搅拌3小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物M2纯品6.95g(产率为71%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1313.6221。
实施例3
本实施提供一种具有如式M3所示结构:
其合成反应式如下所示:
化合物R-11的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,将R-4(13.4g,20mmol)和R-10(5.49g,15mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(350mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后;反应在氮气保护下进行,140℃下冷凝回流12小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入150mL水搅拌3小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物R-11纯品11.3g(产率为76.7%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):981.0937。
化合物M3的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,加入R-11(9.80g,10mmol),R-2(3.76g,13mmol),碳酸钾(6.12g,45mmol),TBAB(0.1g),脱氧甲苯(80mL),水(200mL),鼓氮气15min之后,在氮气流下,加入化合物四(三苯基膦)钯220mg;反应在氮气保护下进行,90℃加热5小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入50mL水搅拌1小时,加入100mL正己烷,直接过滤除去水相和有机相,得到固体沉淀,乙醇打浆,得到化合物M3纯品13.02g(产率为95%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1371.4120。
实施例4
本实施提供一种具有如式M4所示结构:
其反应式如下所示:
化合物M3的合成:同实施例3;
化合物R-13的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,将M3(8.22g,6mmol)悬浮溶解于冰醋酸(100mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后,加入精制锌粉(4.5g,50mmol)氮气保护下85℃加热2小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入适量水搅拌1小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,收集滤饼,滤饼以二氯甲烷溶解,二氯甲烷层用碳酸氢钠洗涤,除去二氯甲烷的深褐色固体,得到R-13粗品5.3g(产率为84%),(不需要柱层析,直接使用)。
化合物M4的合成:在250mL三口瓶中,加入M3(6.55g,5mmol),二氧化硒(1.3g,12mmol),脱氧甲苯(80mL),鼓氮气15min之后,反应在氮气保护下进行,110℃加热5小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,直接过滤除去不溶解的固体,柱层析得到化合物M4纯品4.91g(连续两步总产率为64%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1419.3395。
实施例5
本实施提供一种具有如式M5所示结构:
其反应式如下所示:
化合物R-4的合成:同实施例1所述化合物R-4的合成方法。
化合物M5的合成:在500mL三口瓶中,将R-4(6.7g,10mmol)和R-14(3.4g,8mmol)溶解于冰醋酸(250mL)中,鼓氮气15min之后;反应在氮气保护下进行,140℃下冷凝回流6~8小时,待反应完成后将反应冷却至室温,加入200mL水搅拌3小时,用布氏漏斗进行抽滤,用乙醇对滤饼进行反复冲洗,得到化合物M5纯品6.35g(产率为76%),HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1042.3619。
实施例6
本实施提供一种具有如式M6所示结构:
其反应式如下所示:
化合物R-4的合成:同实施例1所述化合物R-4的合成方法。
化合物R-15的合成:同实施例1所述化合物R-4的合成方法。
化合物R-16的合成:将化合物R-15(10.6g,20mmol),R-4(13.4g,20mmol),碳酸钾(11g,80mmol)、碘化钾(0.45g,2mmol)加入250ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯50ml、无水DMF(50mL),120℃下反应12h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,二氯甲烷、水萃取,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干溶剂得到粗品,粗品柱层析后得到R-16,质量为17.5g,产率72%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1213.4669。
化合物M6的合成:将化合物R-16(6.06g,5mmol),PbO2(7.17g,25mmol),碳酸钾(4.1g,30mmol)放于250ml双口瓶中;抽换气三次之后,氮气保护下,用注射器加入无水甲苯150ml,100℃下反应24h。待反应结束后,反应体系冷却至室温,经硅藻土过滤,二氯甲烷冲洗硅藻土层,合并有机相,蒸发溶剂之后先后以乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃和甲苯重结晶,得到纯品M6,质量为3.81g,产率63%,HR-MS(ACPI-M+,m/z):1211.4513。
性能测试
以下表格显示了本发明实施例3、5、6中一种近红外荧光发光分子M3,M5,M6的溶液和薄膜吸收光谱以及能级数据,其中aEg opt是通过薄膜的最低能量吸收边界测量的;
bHOMO是通过公式HOMO=-(4.80+Eox onset)eV;cLUMO是根据公式LUMO=-(4.80+Ered onset)eV计算出来的,其中Ered onset为起始还原电位,4.80eV是内标Fc+/Fc的真空能级;d计算结果,在B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)下算出。
结合图1实施例3中近红外荧光发光分子M3制备的纳米颗粒的动态光散射图样,其中插入小图为相同尺寸纳米颗粒的投射电镜照片。及图2中实施例3和实施例6中近红外荧光发光分子M3和M6制备的纳米颗粒相对水的近红外光热升温曲线图可知,M3和M6可被制成分散均匀的纳米颗粒,具有潜在应用于荧光成像和光热治疗的价值。
最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种近红外发光荧光分子,其特征在于:其结构如下述通式(I)所述:
所述荧光分子的荧光发射峰出现在700~1600nm范围,其中,X为O,S,Se,Te或N-R,R为取代或未经取代的C1~C24烷基;
L11、L12、L21和L22各自独立取自单键、双键、C6~C30亚芳基、取代C6~C30亚芳基、C3~C30亚杂芳基或取代C3~C30亚杂芳基;Ar11,Ar12,Ar13和Ar14各自独立的取自C6~C30芳基、取代C6~C30芳基、C3~C30杂芳基或取代C3~C30杂芳基;
D21和D22至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的亚杂芳基,Ar21,Ar22各自独立取自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;
m和n各自独立取自1~4的整数;
虚线表示其所连接的两个单元可各自独立或成环,成环可经单键、-O-,-S-,-C(CH3)2-,-C(Ar15)2-,-Si(CH3)2-,-Si(Ar15)2-,-BAr16-桥联,Ar15和Ar16各自取自取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种近红外发光分子,其特征在于,通式(I)中的可以式(I-A)和式(I-B)表示:
其中,在式I-A和I-B中,X为O,S,Se,Te或N-R,R为取代或未经取代的C1~C24烷基;L11、L12各自独立取自单键、双键、C6~C30亚芳基、取代C6~C30亚芳基、C3~C30亚杂芳基和取代C3~C30亚杂芳基;Ar11,Ar12,Ar13和Ar14各自独立的取自C6~C30芳基、取代C6~C30芳基、C3~C30杂芳基和取代C3~C30杂芳基;
D21和D22至少一个取自其中,L1选自单键、取代或未取代C6-C30的亚芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的亚杂芳基,Ar21,Ar22各自独立取自取代或未取代C6-C30的芳基、取代或未取代的C3-C30的杂芳基;
m和n各自独立取自1~4的整数;
虚线表示其所连接的两个单元可各自独立或成环,成环可经单键、-O-,-S-,-C(CH3)2-,-C(Ar15)2-,-Si(CH3)2-,-Si(Ar15)2-,-BAr16-桥联,Ar15和Ar16各自取自取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基,k选择1~4的正整数;
环A,环B,环C分别表示苯,噻吩、呋喃、吡咯、萘,菲,蒽,芴,咔唑,嘧啶,三嗪,苯并吡嗪,苯并呋喃,二苯并呋喃,二苯并噻吩,吲哚,吲哚并咔唑、芘基、苝基、哌嗪、异喹啉。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种近红外发光分子的制备方法,其特征在于:其中F-1-1可由以下方法获得:
首先,分子F-1与分子F-2在溶剂中,通过贵金属催化剂催化的C-H活化偶联反应、Suzuki偶联反应、Stille偶联反应得到F-1-1b;C-H活化偶联反应中,分子F-1中F官能团为氯、溴或碘,分子F-2中E官能团E为氢原子,使用Hermann’s催化剂和新戊酸钾做碱;C-H活化偶联反应的溶剂为二氧六环、DMF、甲苯或二甲苯;Suzuki偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为硼酸或硼酸酯,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂及相应配体来催化;使用碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠做碱,溶剂使用甲苯和水做混合溶剂,适当时候可以加乙醇或异丙醇,使用四丁基溴化铵做表面活性剂;Stille偶联反应时,分子F-1中F官能团为三烷基锡试剂,分子F-2中E官能团为氯、溴或碘原子,使用钯催化剂及相应配体来催化;溶剂使用DMF、甲苯或二甲苯;
F-1-1b在乙酸或混合酸中使用金属单质还原,加热还原得F-1-1。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种近红外发光分子的制备方法,其特征在于:在进行F-1-1b制备时,Suzuki偶联反应时,采用甲苯和水做混合溶剂时,选择性的加乙醇或异丙醇,使用四丁基溴化铵做表面活性剂;在进行F-1-1b还原时,金属单质为铁粉,温度为85℃。
10.如权利要求1或3中一种近红外发光分子的应用,其特征在于:应用于有机光电器件或生物传感器与成像领域中。
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